Prescription Opioid Painkiller Public Opinion Poll - National Safety ...

Prescription Opioid Painkiller Public Opinion Poll August, 2017

OBJECTIVES The overall objective of this research was to collect attitudes and views of prescription opioid painkillers among adults in Illinois.

METHODOLOGY This research was conducted with Toluna Group’s proprietary panel of pre-screened, validated, deduplicated and well-profiled respondents. Sample outgo (invitations) and completes were monitored to ensure returns were balanced to IL Census for age, gender, ethnicity, geographic region, income, education and ethnicity. Survey was fielded June 30th thru July 10th, 2017 and then on August 3rd thru August 9th, 2017. To qualify for the study, respondents had to 18 years old or older and had to be a resident of Illinois. A total of 1,000 completed the survey. 

369 ‘User’– Self identified as having been prescribed an opioid painkiller within the last three years.



631 ‘Non-User’ – Self identified as not having been prescribed an opioid painkiller within the last three years

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QUESTIONNAIRE WITH RESULTS 1. How concerned are you about each of the following as potential causes of injury or death for your family? (n=1,000)

2.

Not a Concern

Concern (NET)

Minimal Concern

Major Concern

Driving

12%

88%

51%

37%

Gun violence

17%

83%

42%

41%

Severe weather or natural disaster

21%

79%

57%

22%

Infectious disease

23%

77%

48%

29%

Prescription pain medication

41%

59%

41%

18%

Commercial airline travel

43%

57%

43%

14%

Please rank the following in terms of which is the cause of the most deaths in the United States. (n=1,000) Ranked 1st

Ranked 2nd

Ranked 1st or 2nd

Motor vehicle crashes

57%

14%

71%

Opioid prescription drug overdose

20%

34%

54%

Heroin overdose

15%

27%

42%

Accidental digestion of nonmedical poisons

4%

14%

18%

Injuries in the workplace

4%

11%

15%

Opioid Painkiller Public Opinion Poll (August, 2017)

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2B.

Which of the following do you believe is closest to the number of people who die annually from drug overdoses involving opioid pain medications? (n=1,000)

5,000 or less

11%

5,001-15,000

24%

15,001-25,000

18%

25,001 to 35,000

13%

More than 35,000

19%

Don't know/Not sure

3.

15%

In the past three years have you...(n=1,000) % Yes

Driven car on interstate highway

86%

Flown on commercial airline

53%

Travelled outside/contact w/ someone who travelled outside US Taken and/or been prescribed an opioid painkiller Affected by severe weather/natural disaster Involved w/ or victim of gun violence

45% 30% 25% 6%

Opioid Painkiller Public Opinion Poll (August, 2017)

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SHOW Q4 TEXT IF YES FOR TAKEN AND/OR PRESCRIBED PAINKILLER IN Q3, OTHERWISE HIDE 4.

You indicated that in the past three years you have taken and/or been prescribed an opioid painkiller.

SHOW Q4B TEXT IF NO FOR TAKEN AND/OR PRESCRIBED PAINKILLER IN Q3, OTHERWISE HIDE 4B.

You indicated that in the past three years you have not taken and/or been prescribed an opioid painkiller. Because medications are sold under many names, this question goes into more detail.

4C.

For the purposes of this survey, an opioid painkiller is a narcotic pain medication that is typically prescribed when pain is severe. Most are taken by mouth in pill form, but some are absorbed through the skin using a patch. Some types of opioid drugs include:           

Codeine (only available in generic form) Fentanyl (Actiq, Duragesic, Fentora) Hydrocodone (Lorcet, Lortab, Norco, Vicodin) Hydrocodone and Acetaminophen (Lorcet, Lortab, Norco, Vicodin) Hydromorphone (Dilaudid, Exalgo) Meperidine (Demerol) Methadone (Dolophine, Methadose) Morphine (Avinza, Kadian, MS Contin, Ora-Morph SR) Oxycodone (OxyContin, Oxyfast, Percocet, Roxicodone) Oxycodone and Acetaminophen (Percocet) Oxycodone and Naloxone (Targiniq ER)

Which of the following best describes your usage of these types of medications in the past three years? (n=1,000)

User (NET)

41%

Taken with prescription

32%

Filled - Did not take

4%

Prescribed -Did not fill

5%

Non-User (NET)

58%

Was not prescribed Taken without prescription

56% 2%

Opioid Painkiller Public Opinion Poll (August, 2017)

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SKIP TO Q12 IF PRESRIBED-NOT FILLED (1), FILLED (2) OR TAKEN W/PRESCRIPTION (3) NOT SELECTED IN Q4C. OTHERWISE CONTINUE TO Q5 5.

Again thinking about the last time you were prescribed an opioid painkiller, what was the reason for being given the prescription? (n=421 – Past User) New Injury/Surgery (Acute) (NET)

59%

Non-work related Work related

51% 8%

Chronic issue from Injury/Surgery (NET) Chonic disease

16%

Non-work related

17%

Work related

6.

41%

8%

When were you last prescribed an opioid painkiller? (n= 421 – Past User)

Within 6mos Ago

26%

6mos- 12mos Ago

18%

Over 1 year Ago

21%

Over 2 years Ago Over 3 years Ago

Opioid Painkiller Public Opinion Poll (August, 2017)

23% 12%

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ASK Q7 IF OVER 3 YRS NOT SELECTED IN Q6, OTHERWISE SKIP TO Q12 7.

Prior to taking the prescription, did you have any concerns or initial hesitations? (n=369 – Past 3yr User) Yes

30%

No Don't Know

8.

66% 4%

Which of the following were you most concerned with before? (n=369 – Past 3yr User)

Side effects

22%

Grogginess/unable to function

17%

Addiction

12%

Stomach upset

11%

Interaction w/ other meds.

9%

Misuse

8%

Efficacy (would not work)

6%

Not Concerned

69%

ASK Q9 IF ACUTE REASON (1 OR 2) SELECTED IN Q5 AND PRESCRIBED – BUT DID NOT FILL (1) NOT SELECTED IN Q4C, OTHERWISE SKIP TO Q12 9.

How many pills did you receive (at one time) with your last opioid painkiller prescription? (n=151 – Filled Rx for Acute Issue)

Less than 3 days' worth

9%

Between 3 and 10 days

52%

Between 11 and 30 days More than 30 days Don't know/Can't remember

28% 7% 4%

Opioid Painkiller Public Opinion Poll (August, 2017)

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10.

Would you say that the number of pills in your prescription was...? (n=151 – Filled Rx for Acute Issue) Too Many

28%

Just Right

58%

Too Few Don't Know/Can't Remember

11.

11% 3%

Which of the following statements best describes what you did with your unused pills? (n=151 – Filled Rx for Acute Issue) Kept them for future need

40%

Got rid of (NET)

27%

Disposed of at drop box

13%

Disposed of/Threw out/Flushed down

9% 5%

Disposed of at recycling event Gave them away to family/friends

2%

Sold them

1% 1%

Other Did not have any unused pills

12.

30%

Assuming you wanted to dispose of any unused prescription pills, such as opioid painkillers, which of the following locations would you most likely use? (n=1,000) Drug Store Retailer

27%

Police Station

16%

Community recycling/take back event

13%

Local Hospital

11%

Local Drug Store Substance abuse treatment center Long-term care facility

8% 2% 1%

Other Would not dispose them at any of these places

Opioid Painkiller Public Opinion Poll (August, 2017)

5% 17%

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13.

Please indicate your agreement with each of the following statements about opioid painkillers as a way of dealing with pain. %Very/Somewhat Agree 79% 78% 80%

More harmful the longer I take it 66%

More addictive than other prescription solutions Capable of making permanent changes to my brain

50%

60% 65%B 63%

Stronger at treating my pain than other prescription solutions

78%B

53% 59%

The fastest way to treat my pain

78%B

48% 35%

The best overall solution for reducing my pain

29% 31%

The most appropriate solution for my pain

17% 23%

A safer way to treat my pain than other prescription solutions Less effective than over-the-counter medications like Tylenol and Ibuprofen

57%B 56%B

35% B

17% 15% 17% 14%

77% 76%

Total (n=1,000) User (A) (n=369) Non-User (B) (n=631)

Note: Letters represent a significant difference between groups at 95% confidence interval 14.

How concerned are you about the following when you or a loved on starts to take a prescription opioid painkiller? (n=1,000) Not at all concerned

Unintentional addiction

Permanent changes to your brain chemistry

Death due to accidental misuse or complications

21%

26%

29%

Opioid Painkiller Public Opinion Poll (August, 2017)

Somewhat concerned 38%

Extremely concerned 41%

38%

39%

36%

32%

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15.

Have you ever done any of the following activities while under the influence of an opioid painkiller, that us during the time the painkiller was in effect? (n=369 – Past 3yr User) % Yes

Unsafe Behavior (NET)

57%

Went to work

44%

Drove a vehicle

36%

Made an important personal or work decision

30%

Operated heavy machinery

16.

9%

In your own opinion, how addictive are the following? (n=1,000) Very Addictive

Heroin

Somewhat Addictive 82%

Cocaine/Crack

7%

80%

Methamphetamine/Crystal Meth

76%

Nicotine/Tobacco

77%

Opioid prescription painkillers

10% 11% 15%

60%

28%

Alcohol

48%

41%

Cell phones

48%

39%

Gambling

47%

43%

Fentanyl

43%

Internet

43%

Sugar Marijuana Online shopping

19% 45%

36% 26% 21%

Opioid Painkiller Public Opinion Poll (August, 2017)

45% 37% 53%

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Breakout View

In your own opinion, how addictive are the following – Opioid Prescription Painkillers Very

Somewhat

Total

60%

(n=1,000)

User (A)

Not at All

Don't Know 28%

8% 4%

34%B

55%

9%B

(n=369)

2%

63% A

Non-User (B) (n=631)

24%

7% 6%A

Note: Letters represent a significant difference between groups at 95% confidence interval

17.

Which of the following types of people do you believe are at risk to becoming addicted to opioid painkillers? 58% 53% 60%A

Anyone

Those with addictive personalities

27% 30% 25%

Those who cannot manage themselves

24% 28%B 22% 25% 29%B 22%

Those who have a family history of addiction

Don't know

User (A) (n=369) Non-User (B) (n=631)

22% 26% B 19%

Those with mental health issues

No one

Total (n=1,000)

1% 0% 2% 4% 2% 5% A

Note: Letters represent a significant difference between groups at 95% confidence interval

Opioid Painkiller Public Opinion Poll (August, 2017)

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18.

Which of the following best describes the act of sharing a prescription painkiller with a friend or family member?

Appropriate thing to do

Total (n=1,000) User (A) (n=369)

5% 5% 5%

Non-User (B) (n=631)

23% 26% 21%

Slightly risky - Little to no negative consequences

37%

Misdemeanor crime - Punishable with fine or minimal jail time

33% 40%A 35% 36% 34%

Felony crime - Punishable with 1+ year of jail time

Note: Letters represent a significant difference between groups at 95% confidence interval

19.

Which of the following best represents your familiarity with NARCAN or Naloxone, an antidote that can be used in the event of an opioid overdose? (n=1,000) Have used it to prevent or attempt to reverse an opioid overdose

3%

Aware of it and confident I could use it Aware of it, but not sure how to use it Heard of, but don't know much about it Never heard of it

Opioid Painkiller Public Opinion Poll (August, 2017)

9%

19%

31%

38%

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20.

Which of the following is true of NARCAN or Naloxone? (n=1,000) TRUE

Will cause harm if used improperly

FALSE

Don't Know

5%

36%

Available only to healthcare and emergency professionals

30%

Available only with a prescription

28%

10%

Simple to use

27%

8%

Can only be used by those who have received detailed training

25%

13%

59%

11%

59% 62% 65% 62%

Contains more than one dose

13%

Available without a prescription

12%

Has a shelf-life of only one year

11% 7%

82%

Is covered by my insurance, Medicaid or Medicare

10% 8%

82%

21.

12%

75%

24%

Available at no cost

10%

Cannot harm someone if misapplied

10%

Has a shelf-life of five or more years

8% 8%

64%

23%

67%

29%

61% 84%

How confident are you that...? (n=1,000) Very Confident

You know where to go if you or a someone close to you needed treatment for opioid misuse

18%

You can spot the signs of misuse or abuse of opioid painkillers

16%

You can appropriately use or administer NARCAN (an opioid overdose antidote) in the event of an overdose

You know how to obtain NARCAN (an opioid overdose 6% antidote) You know which types of substance use treatments or medications work best for opioid misuse.

Opioid Painkiller Public Opinion Poll (August, 2017)

8%

35%

44%

38%

37%

12%

9%

Not at all Confident

39%

26%

You can spot the signs a drug overdose

You know how to perform first aid if someone is experiencing an overdose

Somewhat Confident

47%

27%

18%

17%

21%

61%

73%

77%

71%

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22.

How comfortable would you be administering first aid that includes rescue breathing and NARCAN to someone who is overdosing? (n=1,000)

Family/Loved one

Friend or colleague

Stranger

23.

Very comfortable

Somewhat comfortable

25%

32%

19%

11%

43%

35%

46%

26%

63%

Now we would like to understand how much you know about treatment options for an opioid addiction. Which of the following is true of treatments for opioid misuse? (n=1,000) TRUE

Detoxification and inpatient treatment is the most effective way to treat opioid misuse Methadone or buprenorphine only trade one drug for another so aren't really treatment for addiction

FALSE

22%

Don't Know

7%

48%

45%

17%

Opioid misuse treatments options are covered by my insurance, Medicaid or Medicare

18%

10%

Methadone and buprenorphine, medications used to treat opioid misuse, are the most effective treatments

17%

14%

24.

Not at all comfortable

61%

72%

69%

Do you or any of your family members have a history of...? 38%

Depression

51%B

31% 27%

Alcoholism

34%B Total (n=1,000)

23% 17%

User (A) (n=369) Non-User (B) (n=631)

26%B

Use of psychiatric medication 12% 13%

Physical, mental or sexual abuse

22%

B

8% 49%

Do not have history with any of these

Opioid Painkiller Public Opinion Poll (August, 2017)

35%

56%A

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Note: Letters represent a significant difference between groups at 95% confidence interval 25.

Do you engage in any of the following social behaviors? 31% 31% 31%

Drink 1 or more alcoholic drink a week

Use marijuana legally w/ medical recommendation Use illicit drugs

Non-User (B) (n=631)

20% B 23% 18%

Smoke/chew tobacco Use marijuana recreationally w/o medical recommendation

Total (n=1,000) User (A) (n=369)

11%

16%B

8% 3% 5% 1% 2% 4% 1% 52%

Do not engage in any of these

46%

58%A

Note: Letters represent a significant difference between groups at 95% confidence interval

26.

In the past three years, have you or someone you know...? (n=1,000)

Know Myself Family/ Someone Loved (NET) One Impacted by Opioid/Heroin (Started/Addicted/Survived/Died NET) Started Opioid/Heroin (NET) Started to use opioid painkillers Started to use heroin Addicted Opioid/Heroin (NET) Become addicted to opioid painkillers Become addicted to heroin Survived Opioid/Heroin (NET) Survived an opioid painkiller overdose Survived a heroin overdose Died Opioid/Heroin (NET) Died of an opioid painkiller overdose Died of a heroin overdose

Coworker or their family

Neighbor or their family

No one

35% 28% 25% 13% 21% 17% 14% 14% 10% 10% 13% 8% 11%

Opioid Painkiller Public Opinion Poll (August, 2017)

8% 1%

9% 5%

4% 3%

5% 4%

75% 87%

2% 1%

8% 6%

2% 3%

4% 5%

83% 86%

1% 1%

4% 4%

2% 2%

3% 4%

90% 90%

-

3% 4%

1% 2%

3% 5%

92% 89%

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27.

To the best of your knowledge, did the opioid or heroin usage you described begin with…? (n=335 – Know Someone Affected by Opioids/Heroin)

Legitimate prescription opioid painkiller usage

45%

Illegal or recreational drug usage Both (more than one person involved)

19% 9%

Don't know/not sure

28.

27%

To the best of your knowledge, did the person you know… (Select all that apply) (n=335 – Know Someone Affected by Opioids/Heroin)

Enter an inpatient treatment for opioid or heroin use

27%

Successfully maintain their addiction recovery

21%

Enter a Methadone clinic for opioid or heroin use

14%

Used buprenorphine (Suboxone) prescribed by a doctor Used naltrexone (Vivitrol) prescribed by a doctor

11% 6%

Return to using opioids or heroin Died of an opioid or heroin overdose following or while receiving treatment/medication Don't know/Not sure

Opioid Painkiller Public Opinion Poll (August, 2017)

20% 10% 36%

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29.

To the best of your knowledge, did that person have difficulty getting access to treatment for opioid or heroin use due to...? (n=91 – Know Someone Admitted for Treatment)

Unwilling to commit to available treatment

31%

High cost of treatment

30%

Lack of options covered by their insurance

22%

Lack of health insurance

21%

Lack of knowledge of options

18%

Lack of solutions in their immediate area

18%

Long wait time to access treatment

18%

Other

2%

None of these, they had easy access to inpatient treatment

31%

DEMOGRAPHICS 1.

How old are you? (n=1,000) 18-24 25-29

11% 9%

30-34

12%

35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54

10% 7% 8% 9%

55 or more

2.

34%

Are you…? (n=1,000) Male

50%

Female

50%

Opioid Painkiller Public Opinion Poll (August, 2017)

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3.

Which of the following best describes your ethnic origin? (n=1,000)

Caucasian/White

77%

African American/Black

11%

Hispanic/Latino

6%

Asian American

3%

Native American/Pacific… 1% Some other group

4.

2%

Which of the following categories best describes your total annual household income before taxes? (n=1,000) Under $25,000

17%

$25,000 - $49,999

29%

$50,000 - $99,999

35%

$100,000 - $149,999 $150,000 - $199,999

5.

12% 3%

$200,000 or more

2%

Prefer not to answer

2%

What state do you live in? (Based on Illinois Department of Human Services Regions) (n=1,000)

Region 1 (Cook County)

40%

Region 2 (Northern IL) Region 3 (North Central IL)

31% 11%

Region 4 (Central IL)

9%

Region 5 (Southern IL)

9%

If you have additional questions about the content of this summary, please contact the National Safety Council at [email protected].

Opioid Painkiller Public Opinion Poll (August, 2017)

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