Process Control By Workflow Management In ...

International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol. 10 No.55 (2015) © Research India Publications; httpwww.ripublication.comijaer.htm

Process Control By Workflow Management In Construction M. Venkateswaran1, A.M.Vasumathi2 PG Student, K.L.N.Collegeof Information Technology,Potapalayam,Sivagangai District 2 Professor in Civil Engineering, K.L.N.College of Information Technology, Potapalayam, Sivagangai District 1

Abstract This paper on workflow management in construction is based on the combination of location based scheduling and 3d cad models. Project designer’s has to carefully design the construction process that ensures the continuous and reliable flow of resources through different location in project. The flow of resources through locations, termed work-flow, and mainly used in the brief step by step description of project. The focus of this project is based on the planning of transformation in short term management of task and low cost estimation model. The process is defined by comparing various workflow literature papers in which this project produces a model with less time and at low cost. In my project the first step provides a 3D CAD model of the building with AutoCAD software and it is cost is estimated with construction estimation software and its scheduling method are done by project management software. The work flow process in this project is proposed for residential building for minimising the cost and to determine the proper scheduling process by integration of various software to perform the various tasks. Keywords: Workflow Management, 3D Modelling, Estimation, Scheduling. 1. Introduction Work flow management is mainly based on the concepts of lean construction and virtual design and construction is for minimizing the waste product, time and effort in designing the production system and to provide computer based description of project. Lean construction is a practical development in design and construction with an adaption of lean manufacturing principles and practices to the end-to-end design and construction process. Lean work is process design integrated with product design and extends in scope from an entire production system down to the operations performed on materials and information within that system. Lean construction work produces the output to obtain process design and scheduling the project. Unlike manufacturing, construction is a project based-production process. The virtual design and construction process aims to analyse, simulate and predict the quality of the end product (e.g. A building) and the characteristics of the process to build and operate the Product. Virtual design benefits the development process by less re-work, improves the ability of design, estimation of cost easily and makes the process more efficient and faster. Both the product and the processes must be virtually designed and simulated, before construction commences, in order to be able to truly evaluate different design

P 4265

and construction alternatives against project objectives. Virtual design and construction are computer - based descriptions of the project. The tool used for vdc is CADin this process. For the successful project in construction the concepts of workflow is very much useful to deliver the project on time with minimum cost. Work flow management helps in reducing the risk and cost and it increases the efficiency and quality of the project. Various software’s are used to implement the workflow process in construction in order to achieve the quality project ontime. Process control is the base an essential for successful implementation of construction projects. As in construction the process are complex and difficult to control and lot of construction process are not clear. Work flow management is the successful tool to control the standardised process. Failure of cost and lack of completion of work in time is the major problem in process control. Work flow eliminates the cost failure and helps to complete the project work on time. Thus work flow management is very supporting in the process control method. Work flow management is a process for performing and monitoring the defined project task using various software and for managing the project in efficient manner. The various process in work flow is description of building in three dimensional model using 3d CAD and estimation of building cost using cost estimation software and time management by scheduling software. Need For The Study:To understand the process control methods by work flow management in construction process this project is proposed to explain the various ways in which a building can be modelled at less cost and with perfect time schedule. The process control method include planning building in three dimensional manner before the building is constructed and estimating the cost for the building before construction and to implement the construction of building task on time ( i.e. ) time management. 2. Literature Review Work flow based on electronic product and process management systems (EPPMS) as a construction research data management and sharing approach. This was proposed for reliable data management for construction sites. The main contribution of this approach was the development of document control system for construction research data that allows for collaboration with researchers for work flow driven process [1]. In today’s construction is focused on time, schedule and control of time. It is that too tight schedule leads to conflicts and increased cost while a too loose schedule

International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol. 10 No.55 (2015) © Research India Publications; httpwww.ripublication.comijaer.htm

resulted in an unnecessary waste of time which also resulted in increased cost. The conclusion is that the time frame has to be realistic but flexible. Therefore, the time frame needs to be determined individually for every construction project [2].The process model based on last planner method by combining timespace planning methods and Field Force Automation. It also shows the benefit of working with real time support with the scheduling method [3]. The history of scheduling and the lean construction system is dominated by task approaches such as cpm and lob provides alternative. In this the concept of micro management is introduced in scheduling. From this process planning and error management are evaluated [4].Based on testing of prototype system in the field, measure and monitor its impact, and evaluate and discuss the implications. The significance of the results lies in the personnel’s positive experience with the system and their observations in which it could influence the behaviour and productivity of crews [5.] On lean workflow directly reflects the smoothness and continuity of workflow lines in flow line charts . Advantage of this model explained in this paper is it monitors project workflows in real-time so that construction teams can be continuously aware of and improve their performance in the areas that are measured [6]. Scope Of The Work:The scope of this project is to develop a construction model with less cost and with reduction in time for completion of task for a building. In other words this process is to define process model in short term task management by integration of various software packages (i.e. Cad software, cost estimator software and scheduling software) that is based on virtual design and construction , location based scheduling ,lean construction ,rather than performing task with single software package. 3. Proposed Method The proposed method for this project is to develop a workflow model which is based on process control and is implemented by integration of various software packages, through which a model with low cost and short time is produced. Through this model the risk for estimation and scheduling the task is reduced. Methodology: Methodology is the process of steps that is carried out during the implementation of the work flow management process. Various methodologies can be followed for process control that is briefly explained in the literature review. Through the conclusion from literature review in this process three dimensional modelling, cost estimation and scheduling process are the methods followed for implementing the process control by workflow management and each task is performed by separate software package like Revit Software, Estimate Software and Project Management Software. The main aim of this process is to estimate the cost as low as possible and to complete the sequence of activities is the allotted time (i.e.) scheduling. The methodology

P 4266

process flow chart is given as follows and its brief description is explained below

Fig-1 Methodology Project Planning:The first step in the workflow process is project planning. The method for construction, definition of task, materials required for the construction, estimation of duration of tasks and the co-ordination among the sequence of task and the available resource is established in this planning process. By proper project planning, it creates cost control, resource planning, scheduling and management. In this stage site for construction, workers, and material and resource need for construction, equipment needed for construction and the preliminary design (i.e.) plan diagrams are made in this planning process. With the help of plan diagram the model for construction design is developed. This step is followed by the development of three dimensional models for the above created plan. Developing:The planning process is followed by developing process. The three dimensional model for the plan is developed using Revit software developed by Autodesk. The 3d modelling is the mathematical representation of any surface in three dimensional manners. The construction zones are represented in three dimensions by the use Revit civil 3D.Location based 3D cad models are created using Revit software and then the structure and design on 3D model is analysed. The 3D construction drawing model is finalized. This model helps in better understanding of project performance, to maintain consistent data and process, minimise the waste, increases the efficiency, improves quality and respond faster to changes. Estimation:After developing 3D model, cost is estimated for the proposed model by using construction estimating software (i.e.) MS excel. Cost estimation is performed for a number of cost categories of buildings and requirements. The framework for estimating costs is developed for three types of construction (new construction, alterations and barrier removal).Three categories of

International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol. 10 No.55 (2015) © Research India Publications; httpwww.ripublication.comijaer.htm

cost (capital construction costs, Operations and Maintenance Costs (O&M), and lost productive space) are calculated for the building. Computing:Project management software is used for scheduling activity of the project. Planning organising and managing resource with proper scheduling is done in this process. For controlling the total activities of project process with respect to time scheduling software is used. In this process monitoring the performance of project activities is performed. Time adjustment for the various project processes is made. Scheduling helps in the completion of project on time.

Scheduling is done with the help of project management software. The total process duration is about 120 days and each process is represented by connectivity diagram which describes the duration of each task.

Implementation of task: The process control by workflow management in construction is implemented for G+1 building with total site area of 4552.85 sq.ft. The 3D model for the respective building is created using Revit software as per the proposed work. And the model is

Fig-4 Scheduling by MSP software

Fig-2 3D Model by Revit Followed by this estimation is done by MS excel. For the above model the approximate amount of construction is about Rs.78,00,000/- The estimate is provided for each and every process of the building. This amount is less as compared to the rough estimate amount as it is calculated for separate process.

4. Conclusion This project on workflow management in construction describes the various process of construction project description in step by step manner. The various steps include project planning, preparing 3D model, cost estimation and scheduling. These steps are performed by the integration of various software tools like AutoCAD, estimate software scheduling software. By comparing the various literature surveys, a method of work flow for reducing cost and to reduce the time for construction process is proposed. In each step of construction process cost control and time management for each step is proposed. As there are many software are available for estimation and scheduling, construction cost estimation software is used for estimation of cost for residential building. The main aim is to provide short term task management of work flow that is to reduce cost and to complete the project on time. 5. Future Work Workflow process control based on location based scheduling can be implemented with 4D CAD model provides 3D CAD model visualised in four dimensional environment which provides better planning and clear spatial configuration of construction work. It is considered as more suitable than 3D CAD for planning and control work flow 4D CAD will be valuable supplement to location based scheduling that will allow users too quickly and gain insight in spatialconfiguration of construction work. 6. References [1] RogierJongeling -Lulea University of TechnologyDepartment of Civil and Environmental EngineeringDivision of Structural Engineering -A

Fig-3 Estimation by MS excel

P 4267

International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol. 10 No.55 (2015) © Research India Publications; httpwww.ripublication.comijaer.htm

Process Model for Work Flow Management in Construction [2] ArashShahi, Ph.D. Carl T. Haas, Ph.D., F.ASCE; Jeffrey S. West, Ph.D. and BurcuAkinci, Ph.D. 2014 American Society of Civil EngineersWorkflow-Based Construction Research DataManagement and Dissemination [3] SørenLindhard and SørenWandahlThe Schedule – A Link To Improved Workflow

information technology, Sivagangai in 2015. Presented conference paper in Sustainable construction by nanaotechnology application review in ICRAIET’15.Presented conference paper in Workflow management in construction and implementation in NCCC’15.

Robust

[4] HåkanNorberg and Thomas OlofssonDepartment of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering Luleå University of Technology, Sweden - A Process Model For Construction Synchronisation Using Time-Space Planning Methods And Field Force Automation [5] XueXiufeng, Chen JianguoTongji University, Shanghai P.R.China -Improving the project performance based on continuous workflow and reliable planning [6] Meng-Han Tsai , Abdul MatinMd , Shih-Chung Kang & Shang-Hsien Hsieh - Workflow Re-Engineering Of Design-Build Projects Using A BIM Tool [7] Gunnar Luck, Thaís Da C.L. Alves& Vanessa Lira Angelim07 Nov 2013. - Challenges And Opportunities For Productivity Improvement Studies In Linear, Repetitive, And Location-Based Scheduling [8] Irina Brodetskaia; Rafael Sacks; And AviadShapira, F.ASCE3 ; 2013 American Society Of Civil Engineers.Stabilizing Production Flow Of Interior And Finishing Works With Reentrant Flow In Building Construction [9] Niclas Andersson1 And KnudChristensenDepartment Of Civil Engineering, Technical University Of Denmark, Dk-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark- Practical Implications Of Location-Based Scheduling. 7. Authors Biography

1

M.Venkateswaran,born at 1992 in S. Nangoor. Bachelor of enginnering in civil engineering at KLNcollege of information technology,Sivagangai in 2013 .Master of engineering in construction enginnering and management in KLN college of

P 4268

2

Dr.Vasumathi.A.M. M.E PhdHOD of civil department at KLN college of information technology, Potapallayam, Sivagangai district.