Project Work. ❖PCB Designing And AC/DC Power Supply Circuits. ❖Micro-
inverter ... library is provided with the design of all type of electronic components.
Project Work PCB Designing And AC/DC Power Supply Circuits Micro-inverter Microcontroller I/O Programming
P i t d circuit Printed i it board b d (PCB) Printed Circuit Boards are made specifically p y for each circuit. It gives a compact and wire free circuitry. A simple PCB is shown in the figure.
Procedure for making PCB A computer aided design software is used for making the schematic and layout of circuit.
Schematic Design The schematic of circuit is made by using the capture CIS which is a part of OrCAD software. software It is done by using the library tools. tools This library is provided with the design of all type of electronic components. After placing the components wiring is done.
Layout Design Once the schematic is completed, the layout is made in the layout part of OrCAD software. Layout components are provided in its library but can also be created by our own using library manager toolbox. Footprints are made by proper scaling of the components.
After completion of layout, the print is taken on a glossy paper using a laser printer.
Transfer of Design by Ironing The layout design is transferred on the copper clad board by placing it facing the printed side of paper followed by ironing.
Peeling of Paper After ironing, peeling is done by dipping the clad board in water. When the paper gets soften, peel it off.
Drilling and Etching y Drill the PCB using a hand drill. The size of the hole must be
of the order of 1mm.This can be done by using 1mm bit. y Ferric Chloride FeCl3 (anhydrous) can be used as an etchant.
P t th Put the PCB in i the th solution l ti to t etch t h the th copper.
Summary The following steps are used to a make PCB: We use software, like Or CAD to draw the schematic of
circuit. Then we make the layout of that circuit. After that print the PCB design using a laser printer. And then take impression p of the circuit design g on a copper pp
clad board. Remove the excess copper using etching process. process
Precautions
The mirror image of PCB layout will always be imprinted on copper side.
Always print from a laser printer.
There are standards for using traces e.g. for single tracks, for ground and power etc.
Tracking T ki from f l large to small ll andd small ll to large l i called is ll d necking.
Printing can be done on both sides, sides for double do ble layered la ered PCB providing the board must have copper on both sides.
Triple Power Supply Its a multipurpose power supply which fulfills the requirements of laboratory experiments. Output of ± 12V, ± 5V and +1.25 to +20V can be taken using this power supply.
Micro Inverter An inverter is a device that converts dc power into ac power at desired output voltage and frequency. There are generally two types of inverters: ( ) Line (a) Li commutated t t d inverters i t : voltage level, frequency and waveform on ac side cannot be changed. changed
(b) Force commutated inverters: provide adjustable output ac voltage and frequency
Battery charging circuit for Micro Inverter
B tt Battery level l l indicator i di t and d inverter i t circuit i it
AVR Microcontroller Programming With Ph Phoenix-MDK i MDK
Phoenix Microcontroller Development Kit Phoenix Ph i microcontroller i ll development d l ki (PMDK) kit Consists of an ATmega16 MCU. All the I/O pins of the MCU are available on sockets. The kit can be pprogrammed g through g PC parallel port by connecting it to the six pin white connecter provided in the kit.
Cable Connection Configuration
Pin out diagram of ATmega16 and the minimum circuit required to get started
Program To Glow The LED’s Sequentially (A simulation of sequence for running a stepper motor) #include void delay (uint16_t itime) { Volatile uint16_t i,j; for (i=0;i
