recent senario in formwork: aluminium forms

International Conference on: “Engineering: Issues, opportunities and Challenges for Development” ISBN: 978-81-929339-1-7

RECENT SENARIO IN FORMWORK: ALUMINIUM FORMS Mayank Patel1, Prof. Jayeshkumar Pitroda2, Prof. J.J.Bhavsar3 First Year Student, ME C E & M., BVM Engineering College, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India 1 Assistant professor, Civil Engineering Dept., BVM Engineering College, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India 2 Associate professor, Civil Engineering Dept., BVM Engineering College, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India 3

Abstract:

Formwork systems are among the key factors determining the success of a

construction project in terms of speed, quality, cost and safety of the works. The rapid advancement in the field of formwork along with the innovation in concrete as a material has to lead to a revolutionary change where safer, quicker, sustainable and more efficient construction is possible these days. The aluminium forms are recent scenario of the Indian construction industry. The aluminium formwork system saves cost, time and improves the quality of construction. Aluminium formwork is successfully used in Japan, Singapore, Malaysia and the Middle East for the construction of apartments and buildings, both low and high rises. The aluminium formwork system is very cost effective. This is one of the systems identified to be very much suitable for Indian conditions for mass construction, where quality and speed can be achieved at a high level. The labor handles this method effectively to speed up the construction, to assure quality control and durability. Keywords: Aluminium Forms, Cost Effective, Cost Saving, Speed I. A.

INTRODUCTION

Definition When concrete is placed, it is in a plastic state. It requires to be supported by temporary

supports and casings of the desired shape till it becomes sufficiently strong to support its own weight. This temporary casing is known as the formwork or forms or shuttering. B.

History In ancient time the formwork is used, some of the earliest examples of concrete slabs were

built by Roman engineers. Because concrete is quite strong in resisting compressive loads, but has relatively poor tensile or torsional strength, these early structures consisted of arches, vaults and domes. The most notable concrete structure from this period is

11th April, 2015, S.N. Patel Institute of Technology & Research Centre, Umrakh, Bardoli

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the Pantheon in Rome. To moulds this structure, temporary scaffolding and formwork or false work was built in the future shape of the structure. Even though, formwork techniques have developed keeping pace with the growth in concrete construction. The material for formwork which was at one time, primarily timber now includes a wide range such as plywood, metals, plastics and aluminium along with specialized accessories and hardware. Age old methods of erecting formwork in place, for each use and destroying it thereafter have now been changed to reusable items. This includes pre-fabricated standard or modular panels and accessories including assembly and erection by manual or mechanical means and reusing the forms several times. Large scale developments in formwork technology took place mainly during the last 50 years. The construction of formwork takes time and involves expenditure up to 20 to 25% of the cost of the structure or even more. The Requirement of good formwork is defined in Figure: 1, these are the criteria will be satisfied in the good form work. The figure: 2 are for classification of formwork.

Figure: 1 Requirements of good formwork

Figure: 2 Classification of formwork


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International Conference on: “Engineering: Issues, opportunities and Challenges for Development” ISBN: 978-81-929339-1-7 II. A.

ALUMINIUM FORMS

Why Aluminium?

Certain aluminium alloys, which are resistant to wet concrete as well as atmospheric corrosion, are used for making aluminium forms. These forms are very similar to steel forms. Aluminium formwork has been developed in recent years because of their lightweight and corrosion resistance. Aluminium panels are generally made with aluminium frames. Lightweight props are made from aluminium alloy tubes. B.

Aluminium Formwork System

Aluminium Formwork System, a comparatively a new technology in India, saves cost, time and improves the quality of construction. Aluminium Formwork is successfully used in Japan, Singapore, Malaysia and the Middle East for the construction of apartments and buildings, both low and high rises. For repetition of building layouts and for above-the-plinth work, Aluminium Formwork system is very cost effective. This is one of the systems identified to be very much suitable for Indian conditions for mass construction, where quality and speed can be achieved at a high level. The speed of construction of this system will surpass the speed of most of the other construction methods/technologies. The labour handles this method effectively to speed up the construction, to assure quality control and durability. Aluminium Formwork panels can be designed for any condition/component of building such as bay windows, stairs, balconies and special architectural features. This system is unique as all the components in a building, including slabs, floors, walls, columns, beam, staircases, balconies and window hood, are concrete and there is no need for block works or brick works. It gives a form finish, eliminates the need for external and internal plaster and the walls can be directly painted with a minimal skim coat, all these ultimately resulting in cost saving. III. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF ALUMINIUM FORMWORK

These are the following advantages and disadvantages of aluminium formwork systems. A.

Advantages: 1. Savings on overhead expenses due to speedy construction (4 days per floor). 2. Monolithic crack free structures.


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3. Doesn't require timber or plywood for construction activities. 4. Casting of walls and slabs possible simultaneously. 5. Doesn't require skilled labor. 6. Floor slab forms removed without moving props. 7. Earthquake resistance of the resulting structures increases manifold. B. Disadvantages:

1. Architectural changes not possible in the structure (but some walls can be of brickwork or openings can be entertained). 2. Due to the tremendous speed of construction, working capital finance needs to be planned in advance. 3. Paints for HIG schemes needs to be of superior quality. For LIG, form finish is more than sufficient.

IV. CASE STUDY OF ALUMINIUM FORMWORK: GODREJ GARDEN CITY, AHMEDABAD

Figure 3: Godrej garden city Source: godrej-garden-city/images/banner /


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Figure 4: Aluminium Formworks Used In Different Elements in Godrej Garden City

Table 1 DETAILS OF GODREJ GARDEN CITY Location

Godrej Garden City, Behind Nirma University, Off Sarkhej Gandhinagar Highway, Jagatpur- Ahmedabad

Types of works

2BHK, 3BHK and 3BHK with study apartments

Type of formwork

Pine crest tower uses Kumkang aluminium formwork

used

Eden tower uses Mivan formwork

Area

13,000 apartments and villas, large scenic landscaping and open areas and vast commercial spaces

Name of architect

Skidmore, Owings and Merrill (SOM)

Other details

PINE CREST TOWER (KUMKANG) The pine crest tower is 3 BHK with study apartment. Formwork used is Kumkang kind aluminium formwork Panel thickness used is approximately 5mm. Number of rocker is more (10). Wall ties (6mm). Cycle of one floor 8 to 10 days. Half casting (single time), Cost Rs1.75 crore


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CONCLUSION These are the following conclusion carried out from the literature review and case studies: V.

The aluminium formwork saves cost and time of construction work. It is light in weight so labour friendly and handling of its easy. The surface finishing of Aluminium form gives better finishing so, plastering of surface is not required and directly we apply putty or paint. The speed of construction work using this form is faster than compared to other forms. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The Authors thankfully acknowledge Dr. C. L. Patel, Chairman, Charutar Vidya Mandal, Er.V.M.Patel, Hon. Jt. Secretary, Charutar Vidya Mandal, Dr. F.S.Umrigar, Principal, BVM Engineering College, Dr. L. B. Zala, Professor and Head, Civil Engineering Department, BVM Engineering College, Prof. J. J. Bhavsar, Associate Professor and P.G. Coordinator (Construction Engineering and Management), B.V.M. Engineering College, Mr. Yatinbhai Desai, Jay Maharaj construction, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India for their motivations, infrastructural support and cooperation to carry out this research. REFERENCES [1] Aviad Shapira,Contemporary Trends In Formwork Standards—A Case Study, Journal Of Construction Engineering And Management / March/April 1999 [2] ―Building Formwork‖.Building construction By B.C.Punmia (2008 edition). [3] Conditions and Constraints in the Formwork Systems for Complex High-rise Building – with cases from Hong Kong [4] "Emerging Trends In Formwork And Scaffolding", CE & CR, Sep 92, Pg.46-49. [5] Ketan Shah, ―Modular formwork for faster, economical and quality construction", Indian Concrete Journal, July 2005, Volume 79, Pg.6-23. [6] Miss.Patil Dhanashri Suryakant, ―Emerging Trends in Formwork - Cost Analysis & Effectiveness of Mivan Formwork over the Conventional Formwork‖, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) ISSN: 2278-1684, PP: 27-30 [7] ―Mivan Formwork Products‖ Products & Services, MFE Formwork Technologies,www.mfeformwork.com/Products-Services/Products-Services/Products-Services.asp (Date 20th Dec 2011). [8] Mohammed Taher Ahmed, ―Benchmarks for Sustainable Formwork System‖, International Conference on Sustainable Infrastructure and Built Environment in Developing Countries November, 2-3, 2009, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia [9] Raju Prajapati, Prof. Jayeshkumar Pitroda, Prof.J.J.Bhavsar (2014) ―Plastic Formwork : New Era for Construction Sector‖, Conference Proceedings ISBN: 978-81-929339-0-0, Proceedings of National Conference :―Trends & Challenges of Civil Engineering in Today’s Transforming World‖, 29th March, 2014, S. N. Patel Institute of Technology & Research Centre, Umrakh, 14SNPIT07, PP 84-93 [10] Sandip.P.Pawar, ―Comparative Analysis of Formwork In Multistorey Building‖ IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308 [11] The master builder Formwork Digest, volume no 1 (May 2013)


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International Conference on: “Engineering: Issues, opportunities and Challenges for Development” ISBN: 978-81-929339-1-7 [12] http://aluminiumformwoktechnology.blogspot.in/2009/10/aluminium-formwork-technology.html [13] http://www.ukessays.com/essays/construction/comparison-of-mivan-formwork-system-with-conventionalsystem-construction-essay. [14] www.aluminiumformworktechnology.blogspot.in [15] www.google.com [16] www.wikipedia.com/formwork

AUTHOR’S BIOGRAPHY Mayank A. Patel was born in 1991 in visanagar town. He received his Bachelor of Engineering degree in Civil Engineering from the Smt.S.R.Patel engineering college, Gujarat Technological University, in 2013. At present, he is First year student of Master's Degree in Construction Engineering & Management from Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya, Gujarat Technological University. He has published papers in National Conferences. Prof. Jayeshkumar R. Pitroda received his Bachelor of Engineering degree in Civil Engineering from the Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya, Sardar Patel University in 2000. In 2009 he received his Master's Degree in Construction Engineering and Management from Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya, Sardar Patel University. He joined Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya Engineering College as a faculty in 2009, where he is Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering Department with a total experience of 14 years in the field of Research, Designing and education. He is guiding M.E. (Construction Engineering & Management) Thesis work in the field of Civil/Construction Engineering. He has published many papers in National Conferences and International Journals. Prof. Jaydevbhai J. Bhavsar received his Bachelor of Engineering degree in Civil Engineering from the Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya, Sardar Patel University in 1978. In 1986 he received his Master's Degree in Building Science and Technology from University of Roorkee. He joined Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya Engineering College as a faculty where he is an Assistant lecturer of Civil Engineering Department with a total experience of 32years in the field of Research, Designing and education. He is guiding M.E. (Construction Engineering & Management) Thesis work in the field of Civil/ Construction Engineering. He has published many papers in National Conferences and International Journals.


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