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Sustainability in energy planning at territorial scale represents a new ... Territorial Master Plan recently approved as requirements of conditionality (in other.
Growing sustainable behaviors in local communities through Smart Monitoring Systems for Energy Efficiency: RENERGY outcomes. Francesco Scorzaa, Alessandro Attolicob, Vincenzo Morettib, Rosalia Smaldoneb, Domenico Donofriob, Giuseppe Laguardiab a

Laboratory of Urban and Regional Systems Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Basilicata, 10, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano, 85100, Potenza, Italy [email protected] b Province of Potenza, Planning and Civil Protection Office, P.zza M. Pagano, 85100, Potenza, Italy [email protected] Abstract: EU 2020 agenda started new planning processes at territorial level connected to the challenge od sustainability goals defined at European level. Territorial administration entitled of territorial planning started to consider as a key aspect the energy planning with several implications. The paper started from the experience developed in the framework of RENERGY transnational cooperation project by the Province of Potenza and remarks the role of ICT applications for community involvement as a success factor to obtain the ambitious EU 20-20-20 targets. Conclusions regard the implementation dimension designed by the Province of Potenza in order to realize a pilot application producing open data in the field of energy performance of public and/or private interventions. Keywords – Energy Efficiency, Covenant of Majors, EU 2020, New Cohesion Policy, Regional Planning, Smart Monitoring Systems.

1 Introduction Sustainability in energy planning at territorial scale represents a new challenge speeded out in the framework of EU 2020 agenda. It means additional tasks for territorial administrations engaged with traditional planning issues and managing the territorial dynamics in a framework of strong community claims concerning development perspectives and strategic visions. How to manage this issue effectively? This is, in other words, the new challenge regarding sustainability in territorial planning. The complexity of a “context based” [1] approach (i.e. Place based approach [2]) managing together territorial development, environmental preservation, sustainable energy development, and socio economic growth appear more as a chimera than as a strategy. Especially in the “time of the crisis” which addressed on EU policy and regulations a share of negligence. Several documents regard the long term EU policy vision is concerning sustainable development [3] [4] [5] and, more recently in the Europe 2020 strategy [6] the

Francesco Scorzaa, Alessandro Attolicob, Vincenzo Morettib, Rosalia Smaldoneb, Domenico Donofriob, Giuseppe Laguardiab

instances of knowledge and innovation, competitive economy, social and territorial cohesion were oriented to enrich the umbrella objective “to promote a smart, sustainable and inclusive EU growth”. The territorial planning faced the new strategic vision of sustainable Europe in several operative way. One of the most effective tools are represented by the “Covenant of Mayors” [7]. One of the results of such policy is the number of SEAP (sustainable energy action plan). A new operative planning tool addressing energy sustainability at local level (municipal level). The experience of the Province of Potenza appears to be relevant for the role played in this framework. In facts it had the role of coordinating the participation of local Municipalities to the EU policy, promoting the commitment of local politicians and decision makers to reinforce local perspectives according to EU 2020 objectives. As the Province represents an intermediate public body in the Italian low, it supported this process including sustainable energy instances within the Provincial Territorial Master Plan recently approved as requirements of conditionality (in other words a precondition) for further development in EU 2014-2020 programming period. Concerning energy sustainability emerged three main components according to the Province of Potenza experience. Such analysis reflects the structure and the outcomes of an International Cooperation Project RENERGY developed by the Province as lead partner during last months. We considered the following domains as intervention areas but also as matters of investigation in order to propose and exchange effective solution in the field of sustainable energy planning: • 'Policy Making'; • 'Community Involvement' • 'Market Uptake'. During the RENERGY Project activities some general instances were identified: the need for effective tools to support decisions ( 'Policy Making' ) aimed at raising awareness of local communities to energy efficiency ( 'Community Involvement' ) and with positive impacts in the field of Market. This paper, after discussing the general framework of sustainable energy planning according to RENERGY Project visions and methodology highlight the potential contribution of ICT and SMAT technological applications as tools supporting Sustainable energy planning at municipal and territorial level. Such deepening allow us to identify the opportunity of such technology in supporting the growth of sustainable behaviour in citizens and communities toward the issues of energy sustainability optimizing local policies and EU 2020 target achievement. Conclusions regard the implementation dimension designed by the Province of Potenza in order to realize a pilot application in this domain.

Growing sustainable behaviors in local communities through Smart Monitoring Systems for Energy Efficiency: RENERGY outcomes.

2 RENERGY experience: the framework for implementing innovations in energy planning RENERGY is mainly a good practice exchange project involving several partners around Europe. The project developed several outcomes according to the three main areas: 'Policy Making'; 'Community Involvement'; 'Market Uptake'. The final goal of the project is the Local Implementation Plan implementing selected good practices at partner level. Considering the EU policy framework the reference policy of the project is represented by the ‘Covenant of Mayors’, a framework initiative launched by the European Commission to support the implementation of the 20-20-20 targets at a local scale. It is based on a voluntary commitment of local and regional authorities to engage the overall objectives of increasing energy efficiency (EE) and renewable energy (RES) [7]. As RENRGY activities also demonstrated, one of the main action to carry out in order to do this is the involvement of local communities promoting participation and education activities to increase people trust in energy efficiency and to encourage investments and opportunities of cooperation among citizens, enterprises and public administrations. A contribution could come by the implementation of ICT tools in order to give people the opportunity to exchange data, knowledge ad to compare results of public and private investments according to a 2.0 approach and collaborative data production on the web. Such issue was considered by the Province of Potenza in developing a innovative and experimental project in the framework of RENERGY in order to test SMART Monitoring System in public building with a web interface allowing citizen to get information about energy consumption and energy indicators in real time. We believe that the development of a a pilot application designed to evaluate the effectiveness of innovative ICT applications for real-time energy monitoring could contribute as a decisions support system (with positive remarks in 'Policy Making'), it will be also aimed at raising awareness of local communities to energy efficiency (with positive remarks in 'Community Involvement') and with positive impacts in the field of 'Market Uptake'. Issues connected with each pillars of RENERGY Approach are: POLICY MAKING Considering direct experiences of project partners in Covenant of Major applications at territorial level, it appeared as a critical points in EE and RES policy development the lack of punctual data. Such information are absolutely necessary in order to define, under an operative point of view, the decision making process concerning policy and project implementation and public investments effective management. An open approach in monitoring EE and RES applications, based on

Francesco Scorzaa, Alessandro Attolicob, Vincenzo Morettib, Rosalia Smaldoneb, Domenico Donofriob, Giuseppe Laguardiab

open software and open web application, promoted under the public responsibility and connected to effective community involvement actions, could generate a bottom up process involving also citizens, private sectors etc. in producing open data concerning Energy performances. COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT The main dimension of people perception of the benefits coming from EE and RES applications lies only on the economic benefits derived from saving on energy costs. But how to generate a common and shared consciousness regarding the benefits of ‘sustainable behaviours’ in energy consumption? If a student in a school or a citizen in a public office has the opportunity to get information (through an ICT user-friendly real-time interface) concerning energy consumption and can monitor the results of a responsible behaviour (i.e. turning off the light on a sunny day) in terms of energy efficiency, we expect that he goes to replicate such behaviour elsewhere with global positive results. So the PA intends to develop a prototype of Smart Monitoring System – based on open source framework and adopting ‘open-data’ approach, applied on public buildings, promoted through open testing acts in order to start this positive experience in citizens awareness. MARKET UPTAKE Also considering what ‘open data’ explosion era is generating in terms of exploitation of open datasets for providing services in different fields and generating also business opportunities the PA assumes that the EE and RES private sector operators could strongly benefit from such data availability as they have an additional tools in order to identify EE and RES demand through open data. In particular we consider two areas of market interactions: 1. Public demand: an open monitoring system on EE of public building could allow the private sector to produce effective solution and proposals in order to start public-private partnerships, ESCO agreements etc. in order to operatively develop intervention project. 2. Private demand: people showing proper energy performances in private housing and enterprises showing own energy consumption could generate the match between supply and demand for energy efficiency services, and also the results will be shared on the web in order to promote competition among operators and services providers Such general implication fits with the overall objective of this pilot application: “to increase the awareness of operators and local communities interested in management/use of public buildings concerning energy consumption through ‘realtime data’ allowing experiment and evaluation of energy saving and energy consumption rationalization”.

Growing sustainable behaviors in local communities through Smart Monitoring Systems for Energy Efficiency: RENERGY outcomes.

An innovative aspect is to include a collaborative approach in monitoring energy systems. In fact it is usual today that each energy producer/consumer, also private people, hold a monitoring system based on sensors network, also very accurate and sophisticated, but not integrated in a wider public platform. The aim of the Pilot Application is to develop such platform according with the public responsibility to support Covenant of Mayors agreements and to give citizens the opportunity to integrate own systems in order to collaborate in producing data on EE and RES and other information. Such approach could produce a positive impact in community involvement processes.

3 Spatial distribution of migrants: the Italian case This SMART Monitoring System intend to reinforce the operative dimension of Covenant of Major at territorial level. The Province of Potenza will play a role of ICT service provider for other territorial public administrations and private people in order to allow people see the results of such complex action promoting sustainability in a user friendly ICT web interface. The general objective of the RENERGY project includes the dimension of 'local/regional sustainable energy policies effectiveness' as a precondition for investments in Green Economy and contributes for local economy, jobs and quality of life. On the operative point of view the availability of a comprehensive monitoring system appears to be a precondition for policy making, community involvement and market uptake as data/information availability still represent a structural barrier for sustainable energy effective development. The Pilot Application aims to ensure up to date technological infrastructure (at pilot project level) oriented to adopt open source, open data and low budget sensoring system technologies following the way of SMART Communities policies and applications widely spread in EU. Through this ICT 2.0 Infrastructure citizens and other territorial bodies will support and reinforce ' efficient behaviour ' for citizens; will reinforce 'close cooperation between local communities, energy producers/suppliers and public authorities' with web based platform; will stimulate ' local energy business sector ' providing data streaming supporting project development and private opportunities for investment in a specific area of interest: public building EE. The Pilot Application, even on a short time frame, will increase more the competences of Project Partners focussing the new ICT applications and opportunities for a better management of EE and RES process. The platform will represent a virtual place where local administrations, researchers, citizens and SME can interact (2.0 approach) and exchange opportunities. This

Francesco Scorzaa, Alessandro Attolicob, Vincenzo Morettib, Rosalia Smaldoneb, Domenico Donofriob, Giuseppe Laguardiab

relevant aspect is deeply coherent with RENERGY purpose: to develop 'synergy from the very beginning between users, producers, businesses' This effort represents also an operative contribution to the improvement of opengovernment framework. In fact it is a tool for generating collaboration and commitment on sustainable development policies also producing open-data (in real time) on effects of such policies. In fact Open-Government and Open-Data represent the two faces of the same coin. If we consider Tim Berners-Lee [8] classification of open data. This Pilot Application will produce the highest level of rating. In fact it will generate five-star data contains also link to other data provided in other contexts (“open linked data”) also including geographic dimension according with territorial planning needs

Fig. 1 Five Stars OPEN DATA from: http://5stardata.info/

4 Conclusions This work presents a perspective for the improvement of sustainable energy policies and applications through innovative approaches integrating ICT tool and SMART procedures oriented to support community involvement processes. This is a relevant change in traditional policy making approach in energy saving. In fact we experiences top-down applications, many times not coordinated in a strategic vision, oriented to face some punctual and specific interventions. It is the case of public building renovation or RES application on specific plants or purpose. The Covenant of Mayor, through the operative tools od SEAP improved the local administration approach towards a planning approach which requested a detailed

Growing sustainable behaviors in local communities through Smart Monitoring Systems for Energy Efficiency: RENERGY outcomes.

analysis of the current situation and a strategy to achieve the sustainability goals thought a list of possible interventions. In this framework the active involvement of local communities rests in the background, while a bottom up approach based on people commitment could bring more effective results especially in the short term. We look at the people commitment in sustainable use of energy as a key element for EU 20-20-20 strategy. The Province of Potenza integrated such issue in the Provincial Master Plan and improved operatively such approach through the Pilot Application described in this paper from the strategic point of view. It is possible to affirm that conscious local communities could promote specialization in planning and managing the process of growing sustainable model of energy production/use according whit specific context needs [9].

References [1] Las Casas G., Scorza F., (2009) Un approccio “context-based” e “valutazione integrata” per il futuro della programmazione operativa regionale in Europa. In: Bramanti A., Salone C. (eds.), Lo sviluppo territoriale nell’economia della conoscenza: teorie, attori strategie. Collana Scienze Regionali, Volume 41. Milano: FrancoAngeli [2] Barca F (2009) An agenda for a reformed cohesion policy: a place-based approach to meeting European union challenges and expectations. Independent report prepared at the request of the European Commissioner for Regional Policy, Danuta Hübner, European Commission, Brussels [3] COM (2001) 264 final, European Commision, 2001 [4] COM (2005) 658 final, European Commision, 2005 [5] COM (2008) 772 final, European Commision, 2008 [6] COM (2010) 639 final, European Commision, 2010 [7] Covenant of Mayors, 2013, European Commission [8] Tim Burner Lee (2009) http://www.w3.org/ [9] Scorza F (2013). Improving EU cohesion policy: the spatial distribution analysis of regional development investments funded by EU structural funds 2007/2013 in Italy.. In: (a cura di): Murgante B; Misra S; Carlini M; Torre C; Nguyen H; Taniar D.; Apduhan B; Gervasi O, Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2013. LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE, vol. 7973, p. 582-593, BERLIN:Springer, ISBN: 978-3-64239645-8, ISSN: 0302-9743, doi:10.1007/978-3-642-39646-5