Implications of the 1996 Farm Bill and the November 1997 FAPRI Baseline on the Economic Viability of Representative Farms Primarily ...... Mr. David Harlow.
REPRESENTATIVE FARMS ECONOMIC OUTLOOK FOR THE NOVEMBER 1997 FAPRI/AFPC BASELINE
AFPC Working Paper 97-13
Edward G. Smith James W. Richardson David P. Anderson Allan W. Gray Steven L. Klose Ronald D. Knutson Joe L. Outlaw Paul Feldman C. Shane Land Robert B. Schwart, Jr.
Agricultural and Food Policy Center Department of Agricultural Economics Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Texas Agricultural Extension Service Texas A&M University
December 1997 College Station, Texas 77843-2124 Telephone: (409) 845-5913 Web Site: http://afpc1.tamu.edu/
REPRESENTATIVE FARMS ECONOMIC OUTLOOK FOR THE NOVEMBER 1997 FAPRI/AFPC BASELINE Introduction The farm level economic impacts of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (FAIR) on representative crop and livestock operations are projected in this report. For this report the FAIR Act will be referred to as the 1996 Farm Bill. The analysis was conducted over the 1996-2002 planning horizon using AFPC’s whole farm simulation model. Data to simulate farming operations in the nation’s major production regions came from two sources: # Producer panel cooperation to develop economic information to describe representative crop, livestock, and dairy farms. # Projected prices, policy variables, and input inflation rates from the Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute (FAPRI) November 1997 Baseline. The primary objective of the analysis is to determine the farms’ economic viability by region and commodity over the seven years covered by the 1996 Farm Bill. This report is organized into ten sections. The first section summarizes the process used to develop the representative farms and the key assumptions for the farm level analysis. The second section summarizes the FAPRI November 1997 Baseline and the policy and price assumptions used for the representative farm analyses. The third through sixth sections present the results of the simulation analyses for feed grain, wheat, cotton, and rice farms. The seventh through ninth sections summarize simulation results for dairy, cattle and hog farms. Two appendices constitute the final section of the report. Appendix A provides tables to summarize the physical and financial characteristics for each of the representative farms. Appendix B provides the names of producers, land grant faculty, and industry leaders who cooperated in the panel interview process.
Panel Farm Process AFPC has developed and maintains data to simulate more than 75 representative crop and livestock farms chosen from major production areas across the United States (Figure 1). Characteristics for each of the farms in terms of location, size, crop mix, assets, and average receipts are summarized in Appendix A. The location of these farms are primarily the result of discussions with staffers for the House and Senate Agriculture Committees. Information necessary to simulate the economic activity on these representative farms are developed from panels of producers using a consensus building interview process. Normally two farms are developed in each region using separate panels of producers: one is representative of moderate size full-time farm operations, and the second panel usually represents farms two to three times larger.
2
Figure 1. Representative Farms Dairy Wheat
Dairy Cattle
Wheat Dairy
Cattle
Dairy
Dairy Feed Grain
Rice Cattle Wheat Cotton Dairy
Feed Grain Wheat
Hog Feed Grain Feed Grain Hog
Wheat Feed Grain
Dairy
Dairy Dairy
Dairy
Hog
Dairy Rice
Hog Feed Grain Dairy
Cotton Dairy Cotton Dairy Cotton Rice
Dairy Rice
Cotton
Dairy
Dairy
The data collected from the panel farms are analyzed in a whole farm simulation model (FLIPSIM) developed by AFPC. The producer panels are provided pro-forma financial statements for their representative farm and are asked to verify the accuracy of simulated results for the past year and the reasonableness of a four to five year projection. Each panel must approve of the model’s ability to reasonably reflect economic activity on their representative farm prior to using the farm for policy analyses. The farms used in the analysis have been updated with the panels through 1996. Representative farms in the whole farm data base that have not been updated to 1996 base conditions are not reported in this Working Paper. All of the crop farms are assumed to begin 1996 with 20 percent intermediate- and long-term debt, based on information provided by ERSUSDA and the panel members. Initial debt levels for dairy farms were set at 30 percent; initial debt levels for beef cattle ranches were 1 percent for land and 5 percent for cattle and machinery; and initial debt levels for hog farms were 45 percent. Key Assumptions # All farms classified as moderate scale are the size (acres or number of livestock) considered to be representative of a majority of full-time commercial farming operations in the study area. In many regions, a second farm, two to three times larger than the moderate scale farm is developed as an indicator of size economies.
3 # Dairy, hog, and cattle herd sizes are held constant for all farms over the 1996-2002 planning horizon. # The farm was structured so government payment limits were not effective at reducing contract payments. # Minimum family living withdrawals were assumed at a base rate of 10 percent of gross receipts or $25,000 annually, whichever is lower. Actual family living withdrawals are determined by historical consumption patterns. Therefore, as the farm’s profitability increases so does the level of family living withdrawals. The farm is subject to owner/operator federal and state income taxes as a sole proprietor. # No off-farm-related income including family employment was included in the analyses. # Farm program parameters, average annual prices, crop and livestock yield trends, interest rates, and input cost inflation (deflation) are based on the November 1997 FAPRI Baseline which assumes implementation of the 1996 Farm Bill. Contract payments for participating cotton, wheat, feed grain, and rice producers are made based on 85 percent of their historical base acreage times farm program yield times a contract payment rate. The contract payment rate is calculated by dividing the fixed annual appropriations by the production signed up in the program and is included in the November 1997 FAPRI Baseline. # The farms are assumed to be enrolled in the 7 year production flexibility program and take full advantage of the flexibility provisions in the 1996 Farm Bill (within the current crop mix). Crop mix changes after 1996 were estimated based on projected net returns for each of the enterprises currently produced on the farms. During the update process most of the crop farm panels indicated that they would flex out of their current crop mix, but only if expected net returns per acre from the change exceeded $40, due to rotation and/or other cultural concerns. Marketing loan provisions for cotton and rice were continued under the 1996 Farm Bill. Marketing loans for wheat, feed grains, and soybeans were authorized in the 1996 Farm Bill and are assumed to be in place for the farm level analysis. # The farm level simulation model incorporates price and yield risk faced by farmers. Historical yield variability for crops and production for livestock (sale weights and milk/cow) over the past ten years are assumed to prevail for the 1997-2002 planning horizon. Market prices for crops and feedstuffs are assumed to be approximately 20 percent more variable than over the past ten years due to the 1996 Farm Bill provisions. Because cotton and rice relied heavily on the marketing loan over the past 10 years, price variability is increased 3 percent for cotton and 11 percent for rice. Random prices are appropriately correlated based on historical correlations, among crops and across years.
4 The 1996 Farm Bill eliminated the dairy assessments after 1996 and provides for a reduction in the milk support price starting in 1997. Each year the dairy support price falls 15 cents per hundred weight until the support price reaches $9.90 per hundred weight in 1999, after which it is eliminated.
FAPRI November 1997 Baseline Projected crop prices for FAPRI’s November 1997 baseline are summarized in Table 1. Projected corn prices decline from the high of $2.70/bu. in 1996 to a low of $2.41/bu. in 1999 then increase steadily until they reach $2.56/bu. in 2002. Wheat prices are projected to decline to $3.30/bu. by 1998 and then increase through 2002 when wheat price are projected at $3.73/bu. Cotton prices will likely decline until 1999 reaching a low of $0.66/lb. and then increase only slightly to $0.6789/lb. in 2002. Rice price is projected to decline from the $9.90/cwt. level realized in 1996 to the $9.30/cwt. range by 1998 and continuing at this level throughout the remainder of the study period. Assumed loan rates and projected annual contract payment rates, net of 1995 deficiency repayments in 1996 and 1997, are also summarized in Table 1. FAPRI estimated that the net annual contract payment rates for corn will be $0.28/bu. in 1997; increasing to $0.376/bu. in 1998 and decreasing to $0.26/bu. in 2002. Contract payment rates for wheat are estimated at $0.61/bu. in 1997 with the payment rate decreasing to $0.45/bu. in 2002. Cotton’s contract payment rate for 1997 is estimated at $0.0725/lb. and is projected to decrease to $0.0536/lb. by 2002. The contract payment rate for rice is projected to be $2.726/cwt. in 1997; increasing to $2.925/cwt. in 1998 and declining to $2.02/cwt in 2002. The farms growing contract commodities accepted the 1995 advance deficiency payments and had the repayments offset against 1996 contract payments for wheat, barley, oats, and upland cotton. The corn and sorghum repayments will be offset against their 1997 contract payments. Projected livestock prices for FAPRI’s November 1997 Baseline are summarized in Table 2. Beef cattle prices are projected to increase starting in 1996 and reach a peak in 2000. The average 1996 feeder cattle price was estimated at $61.31/cwt. for a low, with 1997 price being projected at $78.06/cwt., and 2000 is projected to experience the peak price of $96.32/cwt. Hog prices decline after 1996 reaching a low of $42.98/cwt. in 1999 and then recovering to $47.54/cwt. in 2001. Annual milk prices for the 12 states, where representative dairy farms are located, are summarized in Table 2. Milk prices generally decrease after 1996 to a low in 1998 and then show a small increase to 2002. Projected annual rates of change for variable cash expenses are presented in Table 3. The rate of change in input prices and interest rates come from FAPRI’s November 1997 Baseline which relies on WEFA’s macroeconomic projections. Annual interest rates paid for long- and intermediate-term loans and earned for savings are also summarized in Table 3. Assumed annual rates of change in land values over the 1997-2002 period are provided by the FAPRI Baseline (Table 3).
5 Table 1. Comparison of Crop Prices, Loan Rates and Net Contract Payment Rates, 1996-2002. 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Corn ($/bu.)
2.70
2.59
2.46
2.41
2.45
2.49
2.56
Wheat ($/bu.)
4.30
3.56
3.30
3.43
3.52
3.66
3.73
0.6930
0.6894
0.6610
0.6606
0.6664
0.6724
0.6789
Sorghum ($/bu.)
2.34
2.30
2.33
2.27
2.34
2.38
2.45
Soybeans ($/bu.)
7.38
6.45
5.98
5.95
5.92
6.08
6.12
Barley ($/bu.)
2.74
2.41
2.34
2.32
2.42
2.43
2.46
Oats ($/bu.)
1.96
1.60
1.60
1.58
1.61
1.63
1.66
Rice ($/cwt.)
9.90
9.68
9.37
9.34
9.34
9.36
9.41
258.90
200.35
188.88
187.94
187.20
190.87
195.00
93.00
98.87
93.38
92.53
93.54
94.68
95.78
Corn ($/bu.)
1.89
1.89
1.89
1.89
1.89
1.89
1.89
Wheat ($/bu.)
2.58
2.58
2.58
2.58
2.58
2.58
2.58
0.5192
0.5192
0.5192
0.5192
0.5192
0.5192
0.5192
Sorghum ($/bu.)
1.81
1.74
1.74
1.75
1.75
1.74
1.77
Soybeans ($/bu.)
4.97
5.26
5.26
5.26
5.26
5.21
5.10
Barley ($/bu.)
1.55
1.58
1.54
1.54
1.54
1.54
1.54
Oats ($/bu.)
1.03
1.11
1.11
1.15
1.19
1.25
1.22
Rice ($/cwt.)
6.50
6.50
6.50
6.50
6.50
6.50
6.50
Corn ($/bu.)
0.25
0.28
0.38
0.37
0.33
0.27
0.26
Wheat ($/bu.)
0.52
0.61
0.65
0.63
0.57
0.46
0.45
0.0703
0.0725
0.0772
0.0745
0.0682
0.0553
0.0536
Sorghum ($/bu.)
0.32
0.33
0.44
0.42
0.39
0.31
0.30
Barley ($/bu.)
0.13
0.26
0.27
0.25
0.23
0.23
0.18
Oats ($/bu.)
0.00
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.02
Rice ($/cwt.)
2.77
2.73
2.92
2.84
2.60
2.10
2.02
Crop Prices
Cotton ($/lb.)
Soybean Meal ($/ton) All Hay ($/ton) Loan Rates
Cotton ($/lb.)
Net Contract Payment Rates
Cotton ($/lb.)
Source: Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute (FAPRI) at the University of Missouri-Columbia and Iowa State University.
6 Table 2. Comparison of Livestock Prices and Milk Prices, 1996-2002.
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Feeder Cattle ($/cwt)
61.31
78.06
81.60
88.25
96.32
93.05
84.27
Fat Cattle ($/cwt)
65.11
66.61
72.68
77.03
82.49
80.67
76.43
Culled Cows ($/cwt)
30.32
32.15
35.13
41.78
48.38
47.01
42.60
Barrows/Gilts ($/cwt)
53.39
51.70
45.83
42.98
45.52
47.54
44.09
Culled Sows ($/cwt)
44.32
46.73
43.37
43.25
45.11
57.61
46.91
All Milk Price ($/cwt)
14.87
13.30
13.27
13.32
13.28
13.31
13.35
California ($/cwt)
13.66
12.51
12.55
12.65
12.66
12.69
12.73
Florida ($/cwt)
18.00
16.48
16.51
16.60
16.61
16.65
16.69
Georgia ($/cwt)
16.30
14.85
14.87
14.95
14.96
15.00
15.04
Idaho ($/cwt)
13.90
12.34
12.15
12.09
12.01
12.04
12.11
Michigan ($/cwt)
15.00
13.61
13.62
13.71
13.71
13.75
13.79
Missouri ($/cwt)
15.10
13.62
13.61
13.68
13.68
13.71
13.75
New Mexico ($/cwt)
13.80
12.67
12.54
12.53
12.48
12.51
12.57
New York ($/cwt)
14.90
13.28
13.24
13.29
13.27
13.31
13.36
Texas ($/cwt)
15.10
13.63
13.54
13.56
13.51
13.53
13.55
Vermont ($/cwt)
15.30
14.26
14.52
14.53
13.96
13.99
14.03
Washington ($/cwt)
14.50
13.22
13.04
12.99
12.91
12.94
13.01
Wisconsin ($/cwt)
14.75
13.34
13.32
13.39
13.38
13.42
13.46
Cattle Prices
Hog Prices
Milk Prices -- National and State
Source: Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute (FAPRI) at the University of Missouri-Columbia and Iowa State University.
7 Table 3. Rate of Change for Input Prices, Consumer Price Index, Interest Rates, and Rate of Change in Land Values, 1996-2002.
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Annual Rate of Change for Input Prices Paid
Seed Prices (%)
1.87
0.42
1.84
2.16
2.03
2.21
Fertilizer Prices (%)
0.96
-1.92
0.52
1.74
1.92
1.93
Chemical Prices (%)
1.05
-0.58
-0.34
1.12
1.92
2.06
Machinery Prices (%)
-1.24
1.06
0.40
-0.17
-0.39
0.30
Fuel and Lube Prices (%)
-0.45
-4.20
0.78
3.32
3.63
3.61
Labor (%)
0.72
1.28
1.41
1.71
1.69
1.72
Other Input Prices (%)
0.05
1.24
1.87
2.14
2.18
1.91
Non-Feed Dairy Costs (%)
2.37
1.91
1.88
2.18
2.24
2.13
Non-Feed Beef Costs (%)
0.13
-0.46
0.55
1.08
1.09
1.08
Non-Feed Hog Costs (%)
-2.17
1.83
2.12
2.38
1.49
1.89
164.76
169.52
174.22
178.70
183.39
188.33
Long-Term (%)
8.09
8.38
8.00
7.64
7.47
7.34
Intermediate-Term (%)
8.80
9.00
8.88
8.50
8.50
8.42
Savings Account (%)
4.80
5.00
4.88
4.50
4.50
4.42
3.29
2.49
1.03
Consumer Price Index Annual Interest Rates
Annual Rate of Change for U.S. Land Prices (%) 5.81 4.61 5.42 Source: Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute (FAPRI) at the University of Missouri-Columbia and Iowa State University.
8 Definitions of Variables in the Summary Tables # Change in Real Net Worth, 1997-2002 -- The overall percentage change in the operator’s net worth from January 1,1997 through December 31, 2002, after adjusting for inflation. This value reflects the real increase or decrease in net worth or equity for the farm over the planning horizon including changes in real estate values. # Government Payments to Receipts, 1997-2002 -- The average value of all government payments divided by total receipts received from the market plus farm program (contract and marketing loan deficiency) payments, CCC loans, crop insurance indemnities, and other farm related income. The average value in the tables is computed over the planning horizon. # Expenses to Receipts, 1997-2002 -- The ratio of all cash expenses to total receipts received from the market place plus farm programs. Cash expenses include interest costs, fixed cash costs, and variable costs but exclude principal payments, depreciation, income taxes, and family living expenses. # Average Cash Receipts, 1997-2002 -- Gross receipts are cash receipts from market sales, contract payments, CCC loans, marketing loan gains, crop insurance indemnities, and other farm related income. The values presented in the tables represent the average value of total receipts for each year in the planning horizon. # Average Contract Payments -- The average value of all contract payments received for each year in the planning horizon. # Average Net Cash Income -- Net cash farm income equals gross receipts minus all cash expenses. Net cash farm income is used to pay family living expenses, principal payments, income taxes, self employment taxes, and machinery replacement costs. The values presented in the tables represent the average value of net cash farm income for each year in the planning horizon. # Average Ending Cash Reserve -- Cash reserve is the total cash on hand at the end of the year. Ending cash equals net cash farm income plus interest earned on cash reserves less principal payments, income taxes, self employment taxes, and family living withdrawals. # Average Total Debt -- Ending debt is the sum of land debt, intermediate-term debt for machinery and breeding stock, and operating loan carryover debt at the end of the year. The values presented in the tables represent the average value of total debt for each year in the planning horizon. # Average Nominal Net Worth -- Total net worth or equity at the end of each year in the planning horizon equals total assets including land minus total debt from all sources. This value of net worth is not adjusted for inflation and is reported for each year in the planning horizon. # NIA for Total Real Net Worth, 1997-2002 -- Net income adjustment (NIA) is the annual increase or decrease in net cash farm income necessary to cause the change in total real net worth, including land inflation, to equal zero over the planning horizon. If the change in net worth is negative, the NIA is the annual increase in net income necessary to prevent a loss in total real net worth. NIA’s are expressed both as total dollars per year and as a percent of average annual cash receipts.
9
FIGURE 2. REPRESENTATIVE FARMS PRODUCING FEED GRAINS
IA NE
MON MOC
NP SC
10 Table 4. Implications of the 1996 Farm Bill and the November 1997 FAPRI Baseline on the Economic Viability of Representative Farms Primarily Producing Feed Grains IAG950 Change in Real Net Worth (%) Over 1997-2002
IAG2200
MOCG1500
MOCG3000
MONG1200
NEG800
NEG1575
27.25
36.20
27.90
29.51
12.60
3.37
17.45
6.37
7.95
4.91
4.90
2.56
7.24
7.66
64.85
59.46
51.84
52.17
79.86
87.34
79.36
Total Cash Receipts ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
327.63 308.42 301.79 300.75 309.01 314.64 320.11 309.12
586.80 554.09 545.40 543.31 557.00 565.10 574.38 556.55
390.35 384.33 373.05 376.49 387.21 395.04 409.10 387.54
857.93 838.72 806.78 805.83 820.17 827.13 849.61 824.71
475.17 473.09 452.33 451.67 473.37 482.70 466.29 466.57
371.91 372.57 371.35 374.06 388.83 389.00 394.32 381.69
776.72 764.42 754.70 752.25 766.18 771.69 796.01 767.54
Contract Payments ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
11.44 12.80 17.16 16.68 15.25 12.39 11.91 14.37
27.45 30.72 41.17 40.02 36.60 29.74 28.59 34.47
11.18 12.69 15.91 15.46 14.09 11.43 11.04 13.44
24.97 28.40 35.18 34.16 31.14 25.24 24.40 29.75
6.55 7.33 9.82 9.55 8.73 7.09 6.82 8.22
19.07 21.34 28.60 27.80 25.42 20.66 19.86 23.95
41.07 45.97 61.61 59.89 54.76 44.49 42.77 51.58
Net Cash Farm Income ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
131.96 114.87 112.74 114.12 121.75 125.24 131.53 120.04
260.12 232.30 233.50 232.98 246.14 255.07 261.56 243.59
195.36 186.79 183.24 191.10 196.30 202.03 216.00 195.91
448.22 418.70 397.81 402.23 418.22 423.31 441.03 416.89
122.62 110.90 96.97 98.02 112.18 119.91 97.34 105.89
72.31 63.84 63.07 58.21 70.24 63.22 62.51 63.51
196.20 181.76 174.41 171.61 181.48 181.59 194.52 180.90
Ending Cash Reserves ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
44.71 68.25 85.36 106.53 131.07 146.40 152.68 115.05
101.65 161.63 219.05 267.47 297.21 325.33 337.35 268.01
74.55 126.97 156.00 181.07 189.36 200.12 203.16 176.11
181.81 314.00 384.37 421.25 441.89 458.70 471.49 415.28
24.30 34.36 27.44 31.01 34.39 37.34 20.78 30.89
6.78 -14.52 -34.16 -69.12 -85.09 -111.99 -130.12 -74.17
54.77 75.86 78.41 71.13 77.63 84.73 89.24 79.50
Total Debt ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
264.35 249.54 214.04 206.92 203.10 212.01 186.07 211.95
293.85 281.16 227.02 252.07 234.37 178.10 160.40 222.18
381.45 344.03 283.31 238.82 279.78 257.24 223.66 271.14
593.57 562.57 481.76 420.95 353.39 301.64 261.62 396.99
280.96 301.78 314.01 312.93 356.07 332.97 352.35 328.35
251.39 334.54 317.96 366.87 359.64 383.58 392.12 359.12
580.00 601.57 591.21 571.23 571.80 530.26 548.04 569.02
939.23 1029.06 1109.78 1200.89 1291.20 1353.07 1397.47 1230.24
1166.65 1304.25 1437.65 1567.50 1691.82 1787.29 1857.96 1607.75
1398.77 1554.91 1689.47 1836.45 1933.19 2035.52 2091.90 1856.91
2699.90 3028.13 3317.89 3596.95 3788.72 3958.91 4088.63 3629.87
1281.30 1378.86 1441.14 1526.93 1604.17 1677.85 1687.01 1552.66
1040.74 1091.91 1135.88 1181.47 1224.49 1244.26 1257.89 1189.32
2197.55 2364.21 2512.05 2678.69 2802.21 2930.48 3017.88 2717.59
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) ($1,000) Over 1997-2002
-62.39
-139.14
-134.37
-294.44
-31.72
-6.36
-78.98
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) (% of recpts) 1997-2002
-20.18
-25.00
-35.59
-35.70
-6.80
-1.67
-10.57
Govt Payments/Receipts (%) 1997-2002 Cost to Receipts Ratio (%) 1997-2002
Nominal Net Worth ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
11 Table 5.
Implications of the 1996 Farm Bill and the November 1997 FAPRI Baseline on the Economic Viability of Representative Farms Primarily Producing Feed Grains TXNP1600
Change in Real Net Worth (%) Over 1997-2002
TXNP5500
SCG1500
SCG3500
38.92
56.15
38.84
50.64
8.69
7.41
6.29
5.50
68.73
64.50
74.66
62.61
Total Cash Receipts ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
376.54 353.47 349.23 347.17 356.04 358.71 368.84 355.58
1411.74 1332.23 1302.23 1300.24 1326.63 1342.18 1379.98 1330.58
618.01 565.05 555.50 562.57 578.38 594.48 609.62 577.60
1627.29 1517.44 1481.82 1501.20 1531.09 1586.74 1625.23 1540.59
Contract Payments ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
24.77 27.60 33.82 32.69 29.86 24.19 23.43 28.60
75.30 85.10 105.33 102.16 93.17 75.52 73.03 89.05
24.41 27.82 34.07 33.08 30.14 24.42 23.63 28.86
58.04 64.81 77.60 75.28 68.64 55.64 53.83 65.97
Net Cash Farm Income ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
130.07 111.30 114.31 114.89 118.89 119.06 122.92 116.89
557.37 477.92 467.40 479.09 500.41 511.75 536.71 495.55
209.17 155.91 150.92 149.76 163.67 173.92 178.90 162.18
678.90 575.76 557.82 577.40 600.07 651.50 672.50 605.84
Ending Cash Reserves ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
67.48 113.66 157.01 193.49 212.63 234.41 249.07 193.38
260.43 399.47 509.47 666.93 794.76 922.05 1012.10 717.46
95.57 140.52 184.63 207.49 251.59 289.40 315.56 231.53
313.60 541.34 750.86 904.07 995.99 1067.65 1100.62 893.42
Total Debt ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
93.00 82.51 70.83 62.91 109.65 101.70 131.25 93.14
350.82 424.75 386.01 324.90 306.61 187.41 128.77 293.08
157.03 167.12 166.72 243.71 233.92 229.40 261.97 217.14
609.99 600.14 565.54 596.93 585.28 431.74 434.10 535.62
Nominal Net Worth ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
475.18 532.27 586.40 640.72 689.66 737.47 771.90 659.74
1772.97 2018.18 2264.56 2521.63 2763.96 3029.09 3237.15 2639.09
776.53 865.10 948.01 1026.64 1112.50 1193.16 1260.63 1067.67
2440.74 2812.84 3167.02 3536.09 3841.41 4126.42 4299.24 3630.50
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) ($1,000) Ov er 1997-2002
-48.05
-282.88
-78.35
-416.05
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) (% of recpts) 1997-2002
-13.51
-21.50
-13.56
-27.01
Govt Payments/Receipts (%) 1997-2002 Cost to Receipts Ratio (%) 1997-2002
12
Figure 3. Feed Grain Farms Average Change in Real Net Worth 1997-2002 (%) 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
IAG950
MOCG1500 IAG2200
MONG1200
NEG1575
MOCG3000
TXNP5500
NEG800
TXNP1600
SCG3500 SCG1500
Annual Percentage Change in Receipts From 1997 to 2002 Needed to Maintain 1997 Real Net Worth (%) 0 -10 -20 -30 -40
IAG950
MOCG1500 IAG2200
MONG1200
MOCG3000
NEG1575 NEG800
TXNP5500 TXNP1600
SCG3500 SCG1500
Figure 4. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Feed Grain Farms ($1,000's) Iowa Moderate Grain Farm (IAG950) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
Iowa Large Grain Farm (IAG2200) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20
350 300 250 200 150 100 50 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Nebraska Large Grain Farm (NEG1575) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
Nebraska Moderate Grain Farm (NEG800) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40
100 50 0 -50 -100 -150 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
13
Figure 5. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Feed Grain Farms ($1,000's) Central Missouri Large Grain Farm (MOCG3000) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
Central Missouri Grain Farm (MOCG1500) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 1996 2002
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Northern Missouri Grain Farm (MONG1200) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Figure 6. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Feed Grain Farms ($1,000's) Texas Northern Plains Moderate Grain Farm (TXNP1600) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
Texas Northern Plains Large Grain Farm (TXNP5500) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
300
1,200
250
1,000
200
800
150
600
100
400
50 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
200 1996
South Carolina Moderate Grain Farm (SCG1500) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
South Carolina Large Grain Farm (SCG3500) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
350
1,200
300
1,000
250
800
200
600
150
400
100 50 1996
1997
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
200 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
14
FIGURE 7. REPRESENTATIVE FARMS PRODUCING WHEAT WA ND
CO
NW SC
15 Table 6. Implications of the 1996 Farm Bill and the November 1997 FAPRI Baseline on the Economic Viability of Representative Farms Primarily Producing Wheat WAW1500 WAW4250
Change in Real Net Worth (%) Over 1997-2002
NDW1760
NDW4600
KSSC1495
KSSC3080
KSNW2325
KSNW4300
COW2700
COW4000
19.23
30.74
21.18
21.16
-2.24
29.62
22.94
20.48
29.02
21.04
5.53
5.41
7.22
6.41
12.55
11.05
8.99
9.21
8.30
8.67
74.41
59.98
73.86
73.21
81.34
66.66
56.63
73.59
46.69
57.66
Total Cash Receipts ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
401.24 381.53 371.29 378.96 396.04 404.40 414.56 391.13
1148.62 1012.44 981.62 1000.11 1041.96 1068.98 1096.88 1033.67
290.96 259.83 249.58 253.78 259.06 264.64 270.48 259.56
880.82 784.29 755.64 766.70 786.81 801.83 820.44 785.95
174.73 155.37 152.26 154.38 157.01 158.50 161.69 156.53
428.98 388.60 382.65 390.70 399.06 403.93 404.78 394.95
219.07 210.89 209.46 213.60 223.66 221.24 222.68 216.92
474.41 445.16 436.77 443.74 453.13 455.40 466.55 450.13
243.88 215.68 205.69 208.05 213.27 216.56 219.71 213.16
390.95 342.72 329.81 335.29 343.61 349.39 355.22 342.67
Contract Payments ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
18.42 22.45 23.86 23.02 20.86 17.21 16.43 20.64
47.94 57.68 61.37 59.28 53.69 44.01 42.32 53.06
14.33 18.51 19.61 18.80 17.06 14.50 13.40 16.98
38.12 49.40 52.34 50.15 45.52 38.76 35.76 45.32
17.08 19.51 21.60 20.87 18.96 15.31 14.94 18.53
38.13 44.60 47.52 46.06 41.68 33.63 32.90 41.06
16.49 18.76 21.32 20.61 18.75 15.15 14.76 18.22
34.33 39.44 44.58 43.17 39.21 31.70 30.87 38.16
15.64 18.29 19.49 18.89 17.09 13.79 13.49 16.84
26.17 30.61 32.62 31.61 28.61 23.08 22.58 28.19
Net Cash Farm Income ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
129.17 106.37 93.58 101.84 111.80 112.03 121.15 107.80
556.95 409.68 386.53 402.06 445.01 462.51 484.66 431.74
116.95 81.31 73.10 77.28 84.01 90.48 94.57 83.46
350.40 255.51 234.52 241.66 266.30 274.65 282.04 259.11
60.61 39.20 32.06 33.24 35.20 34.14 34.95 34.80
173.33 133.03 132.86 142.53 149.81 154.17 151.25 143.94
97.18 91.40 94.08 100.99 102.20 101.73 101.39 98.63
154.29 128.01 126.76 135.59 136.79 127.81 135.13 131.68
137.57 114.57 106.69 108.94 117.69 124.10 128.27 116.71
191.60 148.85 138.76 146.15 153.09 160.13 166.70 152.28
Ending Cash Reserves ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
44.94 69.94 85.48 100.21 103.10 105.55 114.49 96.46
258.29 386.19 498.97 580.47 636.05 659.13 676.75 572.93
58.22 72.42 82.55 93.44 100.51 104.37 116.05 94.89
179.13 239.76 283.82 296.19 343.77 379.29 404.47 324.55
7.29 4.83 -24.34 -45.96 -71.10 -104.20 -136.09 -62.81
70.88 99.82 118.15 134.54 154.06 178.57 200.24 147.57
36.91 63.40 83.32 97.94 112.23 117.83 116.84 98.59
67.54 99.89 134.31 170.91 185.15 201.71 218.49 168.41
44.67 75.53 81.73 82.81 88.90 94.34 96.79 86.68
92.83 138.62 164.02 178.20 194.38 201.25 207.07 180.59
Total Debt ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
224.32 251.94 311.49 312.00 365.26 406.17 381.68 338.09
594.74 722.46 684.35 684.62 587.07 578.49 534.59 631.93
91.04 157.11 158.28 154.25 124.42 99.04 97.02 131.69
341.43 385.88 389.00 420.23 357.82 364.35 407.71 387.50
187.74 211.74 270.54 267.13 269.49 284.26 291.53 265.78
222.30 213.55 218.94 180.69 188.07 199.94 185.56 197.79
160.18 146.44 121.36 86.86 182.42 152.89 163.91 142.31
225.98 203.95 179.28 163.20 201.74 276.49 253.64 213.05
236.28 206.05 211.80 223.80 181.91 125.26 97.63 174.41
244.90 235.67 241.44 228.04 237.47 202.26 153.34 216.37
992.49 1069.27 1130.05 1210.71 1275.07 1331.66 1383.73 1233.42
2713.81 2996.64 3276.99 3577.85 3836.45 4025.45 4148.77 3643.69
454.25 489.73 522.71 562.01 593.68 619.43 643.66 571.87
1643.45 1771.71 1893.92 2022.57 2137.32 2236.91 2328.26 2065.11
370.36 390.29 398.10 411.78 420.29 423.89 423.36 411.28
714.44 781.47 839.85 911.92 974.93 1044.46 1082.83 939.24
799.42 880.27 948.13 1030.27 1091.21 1128.71 1149.17 1037.96
1084.90 1177.27 1260.68 1361.90 1439.67 1488.85 1528.41 1376.13
797.49 887.87 963.47 1035.79 1097.62 1168.42 1203.10 1059.38
1176.67 1288.77 1386.42 1492.52 1561.71 1617.44 1665.34 1502.03
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) ($1,000) Over 1997-2002
-36.58
-282.48
-24.42
-104.72
1.78
-58.59
-54.23
-61.03
-66.61
-85.67
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) (% of recpts) 1997-2002
-9.35
-27.33
-9.59
-13.41
1.14
-14.84
-25.08
-13.56
-32.17
-25.00
Govt Payments/Receipts (%) 1997-2002 Cost to Receipts Ratio (%) 1997-2002
Nominal Net Worth ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
16
Figure 8. Wheat Farms Average Change in Real Net Worth 1997-2002 (%) 40 30 20 10 0 -10
WAW1500
NDW1760 WAW4250
KSSC1495 KSNW2325 COW2700 NDW4600 KSSC3080 KSNW4300 COW4000
Annual Percentage Change in Receipts From 1997 to 2002 Needed to Maintain 1997 Real Net Worth (%) 10 0 -10 -20 -30 -40
WAW1500 NDW1760 KSSC1495 KSNW2325 COW2700 WAW4250 NDW4600 KSSC3080 KSNW4300 COW4000
Figure 9. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Wheat Farms ($1,000's) Washington Moderate Wheat Farm (WAW1500) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
Washington Large Wheat Farm (WAW4250) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
140
700
120
600
100
500
80
400
60
300
40 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
200 1996
North Dakota Moderate Wheat Farm (NDW1760) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
North Dakota Large Wheat Farm (NDW4600) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 450 400 350 300 250 200
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
150 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
17
Figure 10. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Wheat Farms ($1,000's) South Central Kansas Moderate Wheat Farm (KSSC1495) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 100
South Central Kansas Large Wheat Farm (KSSC3080) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60
50 0 -50 -100 -150 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
North Western Kansas Moderate Wheat Farm (KSNW2325) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 140
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
North Western Kansas Large Wheat Farm (KSNW4300) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 250
120
200
100 80
150
60
100
40 20
50 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Figure 11. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Wheat Farms ($1,000's) Colorado Moderate Wheat Farm (COW2700) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
Colorado Large Wheat Farm (COW4000) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
160
220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80
140 120 100 80 60 40 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
18
FIGURE 12. REPRESENTATIVE FARMS PRODUCING COTTON
CA
SP RP BL CB
19 Table 7. Implications of the 1996 Farm Bill and the November 1997 FAPRI Baseline on the Economic Viability of Representative Farms Primarily Producing Cotton CA C2000
Change in Real Net Worth (%) Over 1997-2002
CA C6000
TXSP1682
TXSP3697
TXRP2065
TXBL1200
TXCB1700
27.51
32.90
24.09
57.52
3.09
1.09
-15.27
5.33
3.88
7.30
6.45
12.87
7.63
9.29
80.53
79.61
76.61
75.92
87.80
83.33
95.68
1895.44 1918.50 1863.99 1868.79 1887.80 1914.60 1942.09 1899.30
5383.77 5443.90 5362.10 5413.82 5495.69 5604.10 5624.95 5490.76
295.61 302.68 295.00 299.49 298.15 301.09 304.26 300.11
966.48 979.67 954.21 972.66 970.72 979.56 994.81 975.27
233.39 235.50 231.03 233.97 236.67 236.48 240.38 235.67
246.32 266.52 265.73 266.91 270.60 252.35 255.99 263.02
421.04 443.21 422.99 422.85 426.89 427.02 435.79 429.79
Contract Payments ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
90.92 94.67 101.40 97.91 89.56 72.60 70.39 87.75
171.70 182.23 196.59 189.97 173.49 140.55 136.41 169.87
18.58 19.16 20.40 19.69 18.03 14.62 14.17 17.68
51.99 53.62 57.10 55.10 50.44 40.90 39.64 49.47
25.05 26.54 28.26 27.30 24.93 20.19 19.61 24.47
16.58 17.36 20.49 19.73 18.10 14.68 14.20 17.43
32.58 33.33 39.04 37.45 34.44 27.93 27.03 33.21
Net Cash Farm Income ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
383.80 417.11 382.27 377.05 378.62 368.33 374.71 383.01
1144.64 1174.01 1136.07 1172.49 1186.11 1204.34 1137.90 1168.49
83.62 89.33 83.13 88.36 84.88 80.00 80.92 84.44
270.08 275.69 256.06 273.50 263.91 261.37 267.96 266.41
57.09 58.15 53.74 52.53 53.60 50.24 43.77 52.00
47.79 53.48 51.81 49.42 52.51 43.83 46.73 49.63
54.02 48.25 53.05 43.51 41.94 31.14 28.83 41.12
Ending Cash Reserves ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
163.08 311.25 430.08 534.13 660.43 757.01 864.43 592.89
518.57 987.86 1405.30 1783.83 2199.13 2625.19 2971.67 1995.50
28.78 42.26 54.77 63.50 77.65 80.58 85.90 67.44
122.05 217.79 270.24 316.56 351.31 394.19 452.71 333.80
15.22 21.52 17.94 0.40 -0.47 -5.42 -25.30 1.44
12.16 21.31 25.22 21.23 14.20 -4.50 -10.59 11.15
10.20 5.98 3.98 -12.03 -33.03 -67.68 -97.26 -33.34
Total Debt ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
780.27 766.58 704.78 632.66 662.77 767.84 672.48 701.19
2614.13 2531.22 2422.57 2386.44 2475.60 2436.20 2434.01 2447.67
108.05 130.34 133.46 107.05 118.54 149.84 122.66 126.98
236.44 342.41 385.96 332.12 362.19 304.16 228.44 325.88
86.29 101.18 101.93 130.96 126.21 126.26 204.58 131.85
92.04 88.20 80.59 128.11 113.07 107.78 113.70 105.24
95.68 122.99 131.01 197.87 199.14 228.07 246.51 187.60
Nominal Net Worth ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
3478.55 3835.77 4147.88 4489.16 4753.93 4981.12 5186.29 4565.69
11591.99 12878.78 14025.28 15313.98 16330.38 17295.43 18013.53 15642.90
504.56 555.23 596.62 643.61 678.43 704.11 732.10 651.68
928.22 1067.36 1189.62 1329.70 1436.46 1565.97 1709.71 1383.14
340.35 365.66 382.27 397.48 411.19 421.39 410.26 398.04
432.59 460.02 478.53 494.33 511.52 512.94 511.32 494.78
416.13 427.97 441.11 445.84 445.10 431.28 412.28 433.93
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) ($1,000) Over 1997-2002
-261.24
-964.83
-28.86
-123.77
-1.92
-0.03
13.48
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) (% of recpts) 1997-2002
-13.75
-17.57
-9.71
-12.69
-0.82
-0.01
3.14
Govt Payments/Receipts (%) 1997-2002 Cost to Receipts Ratio (%) 1997-2002 Total Cash Receipts ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
20
Figure 13. Cotton Farms Average Change in Real Net Worth 1997-2002 (%) 80 60 40 20 0 -20
CAC2000
CAC6000
TXSP1682
TXSP3697
TXRP2065
TXBL1200
TXCB1700
Annual Percentage Change in Receipts From 1997 to 2002 Needed to Maintain 1997 Real Net Worth (%) 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20
CAC2000
CAC6000
TXSP1682
TXSP3697
TXRP2065
TXBL1200
TXCB1700
Figure 14. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Cotton Farms ($1,000's) California Moderate Cotton Farm (CAC2000) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
California Large Cotton Farm (CAC6000) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
1,000
3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0
800 600 400 200 0 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
Texas Southern Plains Moderate Cotton Farm (TXSP1682) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Texas Southern Plains Large Cotton Farm (TXSP3697) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 500 400 300 200 100
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
21
Figure 15. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Cotton Farms ($1,000's) Texas Rolling Plains Moderate Cotton Farm (TXRP2065) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 80
Texas Blacklands Moderate Cotton Farm (TXBL1200) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20
60 40 20 0 -20 -40 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Texas Coastal Bend Moderate Cotton Farm (TXCB1700) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 100 50 0 -50 -100 -150 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
22
FIGURE 16. REPRESENTATIVE FARMS PRODUCING RICE
CA
MO
TX
LA
23 Table 8.
Implications of the 1996 Farm Bill and the November 1997 FAPRI Baseline on the Economic Viability of Representative Farms Primarily Producing Rice CAR424
Change in Real Net Worth (%) Ov er 1997-2002
CAR1365
TXR2118
TXR3750
MOR1900
MOR4000
LAR1100
30.83
29.78
63.77
46.97
-5.52
17.00
22.89
Govt Payments/Receipts (%) 1997-2002
18.00
17.76
19.24
17.40
11.33
10.19
13.25
Cost to Receipts Ratio (%) 1997-2002
73.50
81.71
69.19
78.91
89.45
82.14
78.55
363.76 366.81 363.60 365.04 360.81 352.98 353.96 360.53
1133.53 1143.68 1132.22 1137.37 1124.74 1101.61 1105.21 1124.14
487.87 490.35 485.76 486.24 479.22 466.74 466.88 479.20
1385.05 1406.95 1395.87 1403.18 1391.89 1357.97 1352.22 1384.68
662.45 653.14 641.42 640.55 643.35 641.53 651.89 645.32
1932.76 1925.27 1896.80 1893.35 1893.52 1889.96 1904.05 1900.49
329.17 326.52 321.35 322.58 321.26 318.61 320.63 321.83
57.96 57.13 61.30 59.42 54.42 43.99 42.34 53.10
175.58 173.06 185.69 180.01 164.85 133.27 128.27 160.86
84.05 82.84 88.88 86.16 78.91 63.79 61.40 77.00
216.34 213.23 228.80 221.80 203.11 164.20 158.05 198.20
59.82 60.30 67.69 65.66 60.11 48.65 46.81 58.20
152.34 153.11 169.56 164.39 150.50 121.80 117.27 146.11
35.33 34.82 37.36 36.22 33.17 26.81 25.81 32.37
Net Cash Farm Income ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
107.77 107.29 107.23 105.03 101.60 91.08 81.66 98.98
231.22 240.40 237.60 240.61 223.75 191.06 177.79 218.54
146.26 152.44 155.92 160.48 155.62 144.52 140.15 151.52
295.90 318.62 316.44 332.33 320.24 282.71 259.23 304.93
113.56 99.83 92.01 80.07 74.68 58.86 55.64 76.85
431.81 397.36 367.19 361.86 362.71 340.38 347.55 362.84
89.01 86.21 78.06 77.98 67.29 64.05 62.56 72.69
Ending Cash Reserves ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
40.50 68.55 90.04 107.00 125.67 139.10 142.95 112.22
109.10 200.91 278.87 339.44 419.07 478.87 536.62 375.63
58.48 115.02 165.98 217.63 279.01 328.12 364.92 245.11
112.80 241.18 336.36 442.87 549.72 643.86 711.32 487.55
27.71 28.97 20.40 -24.29 -53.54 -105.69 -181.12 -52.55
204.34 309.45 362.09 394.38 400.70 352.04 330.54 358.20
27.00 47.83 57.84 60.08 50.99 37.49 16.55 45.13
Total Debt ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
132.88 160.19 140.80 163.65 145.36 135.68 191.01 156.11
367.18 355.58 318.52 307.57 301.82 283.66 305.28 312.07
102.34 94.76 73.16 59.12 63.84 47.76 46.50 64.19
373.91 342.63 399.40 342.31 353.38 310.98 361.61 351.72
289.37 266.75 266.63 377.53 425.09 481.22 533.11 391.72
1203.75 1369.41 1516.16 1519.83 1387.42 1331.52 1239.97 1394.05
60.78 53.55 100.64 103.98 181.55 150.27 138.78 121.46
Nominal Net Worth ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
560.79 623.32 679.04 737.74 785.25 827.92 857.92 751.86
1618.17 1801.26 1964.16 2138.77 2269.93 2375.35 2455.55 2167.50
456.05 531.74 603.78 681.43 751.77 815.15 873.29 709.52
1560.24 1793.19 1993.46 2228.06 2418.18 2581.56 2681.29 2282.62
1192.65 1248.55 1295.37 1321.80 1336.59 1336.89 1317.56 1309.46
4353.75 4691.64 4988.28 5329.47 5592.31 5806.57 5956.38 5394.11
241.05 270.88 291.37 316.90 321.77 336.81 346.38 314.02
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) ($1,000) Over 1997-2002
-48.74
-126.02
-75.68
-184.43
18.97
-178.76
-12.62
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) (% of recpts) 1997-2002
-14.24
-11.41
-16.03
-13.51
2.94
-9.41
-3.96
Total Cash Receipts ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average Contract Payments ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
24
Figure 17. Rice Farms Average Change in Real Net Worth 1997-2002 (%) 80 60 40 20 0 -20
CAR424
CAR1365
TXR2118
TXR3750
MOR1900
MOR4000
LAR1100
Annual Percentage Change in Receipts From 1997 to 2002 Needed to Maintain 1997 Real Net Worth (%) 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20
CAR424
CAR1365
TXR2118
TXR3750
MOR1900
MOR4000
LAR1100
Figure 18. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Rice Farms ($1,000's) California Moderate Rice Farm (CAR424) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
California Large Rice Farm (CAR1365) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20
600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
Texas Moderate Rice Farm (TXR2118) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Texas Large Rice Farm (TXR3750) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0
800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
25
Figure 19. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Rice Farms ($1,000's) Missouri Moderate Rice Farm (MOR1900) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
Missouri Large Rice Farm (MOR4000) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
150 100 50 0 -50 -100 -150 -200
450 400 350 300 250 200 150 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Louisianna Moderate Rice Farm (LAR1100) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 100 80 60 40 20 0 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
26
FIGURE 20. REPRESENTATIVE FARMS PRODUCING MILK WA
VT
NYC ID
WI
MIC MIE
NYW
CA MO
NM
TXE TXC
GAN GAS FLN FLS
27 Table 9.
Implications of the 1996 Farm Bill and the Nov ember 1997 FAPRI Baseline on the Economic Viability of Representativ e Farms Primarily Producing Milk CAD1710
Change in Real Net Worth (%) Over 1997-2002
NMD2000
WAD185
WAD850
IDD500
IDD1800
TXC D 4 0 0
TXC D 8 2 5
TXED210
TXED650
63.83
6.22
37.39
23.30
37.62
76.10
-10.22
52.16
31.62
35.97
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
72.31
95.62
82.09
89.65
85.27
77.41
94.66
84.42
94.53
85.46
Total Cash Receipts ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
5242.61 4932.31 5044.27 5213.96 5352.56 5425.76 5472.80 5240.28
6401.13 6029.58 6097.28 6240.58 6384.83 6463.74 6543.73 6293.29
697.75 651.67 655.15 665.41 678.76 688.70 699.39 673.18
2962.68 2770.25 2785.13 2828.40 2885.09 2926.88 2971.32 2861.18
1609.50 1480.36 1489.39 1529.08 1562.49 1580.42 1591.93 1549.03
5556.98 5083.14 5103.78 5222.24 5317.32 5386.90 5445.45 5302.26
1018.54 946.45 960.02 985.18 1008.62 1019.65 1028.77 991.45
2499.26 2320.37 2352.71 2412.60 2469.02 2495.99 2520.42 2428.52
558.02 521.09 528.63 544.51 557.65 561.71 567.09 546.78
1772.46 1648.34 1671.81 1715.85 1757.51 1775.45 1790.93 1726.65
Net Cash Farm Income ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
1585.20 1034.70 1261.13 1516.37 1641.56 1669.15 1661.53 1464.07
866.28 -47.78 213.98 407.80 496.16 465.89 431.14 327.87
168.68 86.16 120.57 133.79 142.18 143.05 142.04 127.97
514.54 159.40 293.20 353.85 386.79 395.41 391.64 330.05
328.41 133.56 186.94 242.54 269.16 267.52 257.23 240.76
1532.77 834.76 1060.22 1253.98 1326.50 1346.30 1336.11 1241.52
115.35 19.60 49.44 73.35 81.47 71.94 56.89 58.78
495.08 245.89 349.11 417.53 452.13 448.73 439.55 392.16
126.62 83.47 100.45 116.93 126.57 123.46 121.31 112.03
332.01 165.62 233.79 290.01 319.63 313.52 295.16 269.62
Ending Cash Reserv es ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
770.49 1192.12 1788.46 2514.87 3338.83 4101.55 4385.24 2886.84
447.27 148.15 114.42 227.54 393.05 523.58 628.87 339.27
73.52 80.35 120.55 166.84 217.40 267.11 304.57 192.80
237.60 188.45 270.21 379.96 509.84 646.14 767.52 460.35
125.31 88.95 111.73 165.46 254.26 329.81 401.69 211.03
720.41 951.53 1354.68 1863.90 2455.79 3042.14 3580.24 1995.53
26.14 -34.02 -62.27 -81.11 -88.85 -112.04 -144.57 -87.14
238.04 294.57 442.93 620.21 833.16 1038.10 1233.36 743.72
45.96 50.54 69.16 99.24 137.51 174.53 207.23 123.04
159.55 178.04 245.86 341.09 476.24 602.82 718.83 427.15
Total Debt ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
1419.06 1363.51 1281.04 1218.49 1149.60 1009.86 422.69 1074.20
1153.95 1288.35 1354.68 1322.67 1295.66 1240.22 1148.30 1274.98
156.09 161.53 154.15 158.17 154.62 166.25 176.34 161.85
812.67 828.39 810.25 784.43 763.13 714.40 672.94 762.26
379.09 404.40 334.68 250.99 188.71 172.61 106.92 262.49
1225.15 1053.27 938.96 732.57 594.80 432.89 272.60 750.04
220.08 270.34 286.88 286.16 288.93 311.11 371.30 302.45
325.81 306.40 291.86 316.31 310.91 301.90 281.57 301.49
144.64 170.87 175.08 170.31 157.90 149.38 138.40 160.32
365.90 365.68 378.66 373.67 342.10 308.91 290.96 343.33
Nominal Net Worth ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
5845.05 6514.96 7345.08 8452.39 9596.33 10476.27 11196.97 8930.33
5073.66 5010.75 5189.55 5666.20 6177.40 6332.65 6301.43 5779.66
628.87 666.18 732.99 821.22 909.13 966.97 1010.31 851.13
2844.26 2947.19 3164.81 3487.87 3807.67 3995.69 4100.83 3584.01
1645.84 1713.20 1840.02 2045.77 2255.41 2357.40 2422.30 2039.99
5839.99 6428.18 7177.37 8194.86 9222.15 9932.26 10463.68 8179.78
875.74 857.98 872.33 922.15 971.44 963.89 919.35 917.86
1767.91 1907.96 2135.73 2454.79 2797.20 3002.66 3145.56 2573.98
629.32 680.54 733.94 814.56 895.31 942.20 968.56 839.19
1732.93 1842.61 2010.47 2260.50 2518.27 2665.82 2755.16 2342.14
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) ($1,000) Ov er 1997-2002
-1074.67
-53.09
-60.56
-154.65
-114.60
-893.10
27.63
-242.76
-50.58
-156.14
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) (% of recpts) 1997-2002
-20.51
-0.84
-9.00
-5.40
-7.40
-16.84
2.79
-10.00
-9.25
-9.04
Gov t Pay m e n t s / R e c e i p t s ( % ) 1997-2002 Cost to Receipts Ratio (%) 1997-2002
28 Table 10. Implications of the 1996 Farm Bill and the November 1997 FAPRI Baseline on the Economic Viability of Representativ e Farms Primarily Producing Milk WID70
Change in Real Net Worth (%) Ov er 1997-2002
WID600
MIED200
MICD140
NYWD700 NYWD1200 NYCD110
NYCD300
VTD85
VTD350
48.54
56.51
5.64
-4.86
69.14
58.00
10.42
69.00
46.30
51.95
0.00
0.00
0.12
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
58.02
74.97
89.44
90.03
74.36
77.87
84.70
65.15
56.90
73.70
Total Cash Receipts ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
226.46 211.28 215.93 222.07 228.52 231.36 233.12 223.71
1858.18 1732.08 1765.68 1817.35 1869.08 1891.82 1908.18 1830.70
685.40 637.17 650.03 667.82 684.58 693.64 702.42 672.61
447.65 418.88 428.80 442.61 455.44 460.53 464.57 445.14
2495.52 2287.40 2331.43 2383.32 2445.66 2476.49 2510.74 2405.84
4036.41 3695.46 3768.32 3854.90 3958.48 4008.72 4063.94 3891.63
377.08 345.85 352.90 360.97 371.10 375.73 380.55 364.52
1012.85 930.81 951.24 972.57 999.88 1011.47 1023.56 981.59
316.75 303.43 314.91 322.47 319.40 323.24 326.39 318.31
1220.76 1166.28 1210.77 1237.11 1220.39 1236.73 1252.26 1220.59
Net Cash Farm Income ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
102.80 80.92 89.95 95.93 101.55 102.47 103.12 95.65
559.09 363.94 430.72 492.70 528.26 525.27 516.36 476.21
109.44 28.16 67.96 88.89 96.08 97.78 95.07 78.99
60.74 13.89 37.57 51.62 60.27 59.15 56.04 46.42
730.00 472.59 581.09 638.56 681.84 692.74 693.08 626.65
1077.92 671.44 802.07 895.57 964.13 963.91 966.44 877.26
81.87 36.05 53.11 60.17 66.49 65.44 63.77 57.51
395.49 284.57 325.80 348.76 369.85 371.89 373.90 345.80
139.67 120.40 136.80 145.70 141.00 142.14 142.11 138.02
351.61 271.28 331.84 356.04 330.36 331.17 331.05 325.29
Ending Cash Reserv es ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
42.99 69.07 97.88 120.92 138.51 146.68 151.18 120.71
269.91 402.30 593.62 817.33 1068.73 1303.45 1510.10 949.26
49.01 17.64 24.11 41.13 61.11 74.15 78.68 49.47
17.61 -14.58 -20.11 -18.04 -7.94 -5.99 -14.87 -13.59
355.50 521.56 782.99 1063.14 1380.29 1705.51 2005.54 1243.17
546.81 788.61 1118.85 1498.11 1931.47 2364.06 2795.32 1749.40
18.32 1.71 0.31 -1.95 3.21 3.61 -2.06 0.81
175.95 274.34 405.32 540.87 683.48 765.75 790.66 576.74
64.31 110.44 165.98 201.15 207.45 211.66 216.89 185.60
170.03 271.80 413.89 559.61 698.72 829.16 959.89 622.18
Total Debt ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
101.01 99.96 100.30 104.40 94.11 83.58 69.08 91.90
420.76 425.83 405.25 373.06 351.40 306.97 245.43 351.32
269.16 272.54 278.65 270.90 281.34 266.69 240.73 268.47
230.74 236.41 229.49 213.37 216.86 226.48 229.76 225.39
574.97 596.28 588.21 561.62 553.03 486.29 440.98 537.74
940.26 938.28 994.34 954.56 946.52 902.21 812.34 924.71
141.37 145.47 146.32 148.40 148.45 146.71 150.57 147.66
296.39 291.93 295.80 278.84 267.59 183.68 90.59 234.74
150.81 145.95 146.83 113.82 85.19 77.96 69.16 106.49
379.72 355.85 356.83 336.34 326.61 326.99 295.89 333.09
Nominal Net Worth ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
357.61 406.25 457.71 516.91 572.39 606.38 621.12 530.13
1935.63 2133.52 2391.22 2727.72 3084.44 3337.35 3542.22 2869.41
1280.54 1311.51 1371.30 1460.91 1542.12 1577.13 1581.71 1474.11
1047.71 1080.73 1095.48 1134.82 1175.45 1181.79 1165.58 1138.97
2440.11 2752.63 3146.05 3628.71 4121.55 4506.14 4825.87 3830.16
4020.03 4493.46 5040.10 5752.72 6483.05 7005.92 7426.90 6033.69
460.41 474.36 500.77 538.92 575.83 592.80 594.43 546.19
1193.75 1383.87 1590.77 1834.24 2076.99 2259.01 2359.04 1917.32
511.34 583.34 666.73 763.58 833.62 863.37 874.73 764.23
1431.58 1596.06 1800.12 2043.31 2257.59 2417.34 2543.63 2109.68
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) ($1,000) Ov er 1997-2002
-55.93
-311.92
-13.29
15.84
-462.69
-634.30
-10.78
-259.43
-92.49
-222.00
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) (% of recpts) 1997-2002
-25.00
-17.04
-1.98
3.56
-19.23
-16.30
-2.96
-26.43
-29.20
-18.19
Govt Payments/Receipts (%) 1997-2002 Cost to Receipts Ratio (%) 1997-2002
29 Table 11.
Implications of the 1996 Farm Bill and the Nov ember 1997 FAPRI Baseline on the Economic Viability of Representativ e Farms Primarily Producing Milk MOD85
Change in Real Net Worth (%) Ov er 1997-2002
MOD300
GAND175
GASD650
FLND380
FLSD2000
16.02
21.36
-51.03
53.21
31.82
7.12
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
79.43
82.75
101.95
81.48
87.41
96.91
218.92 205.09 209.29 216.24 222.65 225.19 226.49 217.49
819.58 760.33 776.01 799.49 819.37 829.81 837.78 803.80
532.14 497.89 508.59 523.39 536.79 544.34 549.79 526.80
2088.32 1953.40 1994.11 2049.65 2099.57 2129.69 2152.78 2063.20
1194.42 1124.01 1144.86 1179.53 1211.13 1226.88 1240.00 1187.73
6175.47 5800.60 5938.11 6132.56 6307.22 6379.52 6432.63 6165.11
Net Cash Farm Income ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
51.95 24.90 41.37 49.27 55.14 56.64 54.63 46.99
183.00 97.86 132.77 157.19 167.21 167.17 162.26 147.41
18.97 -82.86 -10.75 10.66 17.59 15.83 5.05 -7.42
444.66 225.95 355.17 421.98 448.68 446.10 439.57 389.57
165.70 -41.68 137.17 194.65 217.26 221.16 209.89 156.41
347.04 -740.90 134.57 424.07 540.73 562.86 497.95 236.55
Ending Cash Reserv es ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
11.72 -4.20 -12.04 -18.33 -18.79 -16.58 -16.46 -14.40
66.53 60.93 83.78 99.75 136.80 173.11 202.22 126.10
-12.24 -128.83 -175.23 -208.18 -232.62 -260.33 -301.62 -217.80
191.76 229.78 361.55 511.94 695.58 878.38 1057.62 622.47
57.28 -47.74 -4.67 62.82 138.13 215.92 284.76 108.20
92.68 -777.51 -835.59 -711.85 -536.63 -357.40 -228.91 -574.65
Total Debt ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
128.66 134.91 154.05 154.81 147.73 132.33 128.08 141.98
326.14 331.14 325.27 316.38 311.98 290.41 289.80 310.83
105.51 226.10 266.91 302.78 318.83 336.96 381.69 305.54
342.18 324.81 297.98 276.53 275.46 260.67 247.16 280.43
229.69 284.45 268.05 239.59 225.69 207.72 199.19 237.45
870.41 1627.97 1681.01 1566.50 1443.54 1326.59 1262.97 1484.76
Nominal Net Worth ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
381.13 399.64 419.00 453.27 487.26 509.70 517.04 464.32
1133.52 1197.62 1283.12 1397.95 1508.69 1574.86 1608.47 1428.45
386.92 294.96 272.29 279.34 290.06 268.64 221.55 271.14
1583.74 1703.41 1915.88 2201.60 2492.85 2690.55 2837.21 2306.92
971.99 923.93 1024.03 1180.97 1338.38 1438.15 1498.17 1233.94
4208.15 3646.83 3873.07 4436.46 5007.96 5250.61 5271.00 4580.99
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) ($1,000) Over 1997-2002
-10.70
-62.38
41.77
-243.55
-75.32
-51.65
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) (% of recpts) 1997-2002
-4.92
-7.76
7.93
-11.80
-6.34
-0.84
Govt Payments/Receipts (%) 1997-2002 Cost to Receipts Ratio (%) 1997-2002 Total Cash Receipts ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
30
Figure 21. Dairy Farms Average Change in Real Net Worth 1997-2002 (%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 -20 -40 -60
CAD1710
WAD850
WAD185
IDD1800 IDD500
TXCD825
TXCD400
TXED650
TXED210
GASD650
GAND175
FLSD2000
FLND380
Annual Percentage Change in Receipts From 1997 to 2002 Needed to Maintain 1997 Real Net Worth (%) 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25
CAD1710
WAD850
WAD185
IDD1800
IDD500
TXCD825
TXCD400
TXED650
TXED210
GASD650
GAND175
FLSD2000
FLND380
Figure 22. Dairy Farms (Continued) Average Change in Real Net Worth 1997-2002 (%) 80 60 40 20 0 -20
WID70
MIED200 WID600
NYWD700
MICD140
NYCD110
NYWD1200
VTD85
NYCD300
MOD85 VTD350
NMD2000 MOD300
Annual Percentage Change in Receipts From 1997 to 2002 Needed to Maintain 1997 Real Net Worth (%) 10 0 -10 -20 -30 -40
WID70
MIED200 WID600
NYWD700
MICD140
NYCD110
NYWD1200
VTD85
NYCD300
MOD85 VTD350
NMD2000
MOD300
31
Figure 23. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Dairy Farms ($1,000's) California Large Dairy Farm (CAD1710) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
New Mexico Large Dairy Farm (NMD2000) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
5,000
1,000
4,000
800 600
3,000
400
2,000
200
1,000
0
0 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
-200 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Figure 24. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Dairy Farms ($1,000's) Washington Moderate Dairy Farm (WAD185) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
Washington Large Dairy Farm (WAD850) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
350
800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100
300 250 200 150 100 50 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
Idaho Moderate Dairy Farm (IDD500) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Idaho Large Dairy Farm (IDD1800) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
32
Figure 25. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Dairy Farms ($1,000's) Central Texas Moderate Dairy Farm (TXCD400) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
Central Texas Large Dairy Farm (TXCD825) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
150 100 50 0 -50 -100 -150 -200
1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
East Texas Moderate Dairy Farm (TXED210) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
East Texas Large Dairy Farm (TXED650) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
250
800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100
200 150 100 50 0 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Figure 26. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Dairy Farms ($1,000's) Wisconsin Moderate Dairy FArm (WID70) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
Wisconsin Large Dairy Farm (WID600) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20
1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
Eastern Michigan Moderate Dairy Farm (MIED200) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Central Michigan Moderate Dairy Farm (MICD140) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
120
80
100
60
80
40
60
20
40
0
20
-20
0
-40 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
33
Figure 27. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Dairy Farms ($1,000's) Western New York Moderate Dairy Farm (NYWD700) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
Western New York Large Dairy FArm (NYWD1200) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
2,500
3,000
2,000
2,500 2,000
1,500
1,500
1,000
1,000
500
500
0
0 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
Central New York Moderate Dairy Farm (NYCD110) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Central New York Large Dairy Farm (NYCD300) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
100
900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100
80 60 40 20 0 -20 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Figure 28. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Dairy Farms ($1,000's) Vermont Moderate Dairy Farm (VT85) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
Vermont Large Dairy Farm (VTD350) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
250
1,000
200
800 600
150
400 100
200
50
0 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
Missouri Moderate Dairy Farm (MOD85) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 80
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40
60 40 20 0 -20 -40 1996
1997
Missouri Large Dairy Farm (MOD300) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
34
Figure 29. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Dairy Farms ($1,000's) Northern Georgia Moderate Dairy Farm (GAND175) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
Southern Georgia Large Dairy Farm (GASD650) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
50 0 -50 -100 -150 -200 -250 -300 -350
1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
Northern Florida Moderate Dairy Farm (FLND380) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Southern Florida Large Dairy Farm (FLSD2000) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
400
800 600 400 200 0 -200 -400 -600 -800 -1,000
300 200 100 0 -100 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
35
FIGURE 30. REPRESENTATIVE FARMS PRODUCING BEEF CATTLE
MT WY
CO
36 Table 12.
Implications of the 1996 Farm Bill and the Nov ember 1997 FAPRI Baseline on the Economic Viability of R epresentative Farms Primarily Producing Beef Cattle MTB400
Change in Real Net Worth (%) Over 1997-2002
WYB300
COB300
16.74
12.78
11.43
0.00
0.00
0.00
59.22
79.96
70.24
103.07 135.53 143.57 157.92 175.39 169.43 152.19 155.67
87.64 110.83 117.03 128.28 141.76 137.37 124.48 126.62
139.48 151.16 162.39 174.48 190.38 186.50 175.21 173.35
Net Cash Farm Income ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
18.59 43.99 55.78 69.13 87.70 78.57 61.79 66.16
-2.90 17.55 19.92 30.50 41.55 34.47 22.46 27.74
20.52 32.97 45.39 55.99 65.41 64.96 54.74 53.24
Ending Cash Reserves ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
1.59 19.01 44.38 76.24 105.09 113.00 108.15 77.65
-16.21 -14.96 -12.65 -2.51 6.01 10.92 0.69 -2.09
1.17 10.12 26.67 51.11 75.57 98.83 110.93 62.21
15.91 17.54 26.31 22.56 13.73 14.56 21.87 19.43
22.25 19.76 34.13 43.45 53.36 55.38 67.70 45.63
27.07 25.88 23.16 41.43 71.16 67.09 58.89 47.93
1536.71 1674.60 1781.18 1922.38 2056.19 2110.81 2097.62 1940.46
557.88 609.66 639.28 691.27 749.76 759.36 735.70 697.51
2680.09 2873.28 3023.15 3222.69 3380.08 3471.88 3492.11 3243.87
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) ($1,000) Over 1997-2002
-60.81
-11.85
-43.34
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) (% of recpts) 1997-2002
-39.06
-9.36
-26.86
Govt Payments/Receipts (%) 1997-2002 Cost to Receipts Ratio (%) 1997-2002 Total Cash Receipts ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
Total Debt ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage Nominal Net Worth ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Av erage
37
Figure 31. Cattle Ranches Average Change in Real Net Worth 1997-2002 (%) 20 15 10 5 0
MTB400
WYB300
COB300
Annual Percentage Change in Receipts From 1997 to 2002 Needed to Maintain 1997 Real Net Worth (%) 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50
MTB400
WYB300
COB300
Figure 32. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Cow/Calf Ranches ($1,000's) Montana Cow/Calf Ranch (MTB400) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
Wyoming Cow/Calf Ranch (WYB300) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
120
50 40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20
100 80 60 40 20 0 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Colorado Cow/Calf Ranch (COB300) Ending Cash Net Cash Income 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
38
FIGURE 33. REPRESENTATIVE FARMS PRODUCING HOGS
IL
IN
MO NC
39 Table 13.
Implications of the 1996 Farm Bill and the Nov ember 1997 FAPRI Baseline on the Economic Viability of Representative Farms Primarily Producing Hogs MOH100
Change in Real Net Worth (%) Ov er 1997-2002
MOH225
ILH200
ILH750
INH150
INH600
NCH350
NCH13268
14.22
31.56
42.21
55.74
8.02
31.70
39.75
110.20
2.50
2.32
3.46
1.79
3.87
2.87
0.00
0.00
78.48
69.90
66.50
60.38
85.67
79.21
70.61
74.86
261.98 254.20 233.10 223.54 234.92 244.99 228.39 236.52
674.87 646.72 586.53 560.30 587.00 611.99 573.30 594.31
763.50 743.95 696.68 671.96 704.47 725.65 701.68 707.40
2405.90 2409.02 2187.11 2081.49 2177.73 2270.74 2123.11 2208.20
606.63 595.00 553.66 538.79 559.67 575.80 560.46 563.90
2226.43 2162.28 1983.53 1913.47 1998.02 2069.15 1977.43 2017.31
949.56 924.33 829.97 785.55 825.79 867.67 803.21 839.42
35086.27 34128.49 30618.11 28957.36 30452.05 31942.36 29596.16 30949.09
4.23 4.80 6.04 5.86 5.35 4.34 4.19 5.10
9.33 10.59 13.26 12.88 11.74 9.52 9.20 11.20
15.30 17.13 22.91 22.27 20.37 16.55 15.91 19.19
25.38 28.41 38.07 37.01 33.84 27.50 26.43 31.88
14.67 16.44 21.90 21.29 19.46 15.81 15.20 18.35
38.00 42.59 56.69 55.10 50.37 40.92 39.35 47.50
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Net Cash Farm Income ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
76.43 56.27 48.06 44.89 56.17 61.84 46.59 52.30
245.02 201.69 167.26 152.97 185.34 211.21 175.98 182.41
298.01 258.69 232.99 214.82 250.05 268.49 240.65 244.28
1041.79 942.08 842.01 779.85 894.76 986.61 856.91 883.70
149.96 114.73 91.04 78.45 93.05 99.75 79.70 92.79
628.66 502.15 419.07 370.38 452.68 511.91 415.05 445.21
320.35 291.48 240.87 210.55 252.04 287.90 221.81 250.78
10914.31 9980.53 7857.93 6545.34 7894.71 9079.04 6430.69 7964.71
Ending Cash Reserves ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
17.16 21.56 19.17 13.33 22.27 36.06 33.51 24.32
89.07 134.97 151.45 153.86 202.48 257.29 294.54 199.10
121.05 203.48 262.71 293.63 364.80 420.38 448.05 332.17
481.90 873.62 1177.68 1348.99 1445.01 1488.40 1490.63 1304.06
38.23 26.86 -1.75 -65.55 -94.48 -140.89 -204.34 -80.03
243.88 360.18 408.45 408.15 527.06 660.30 724.89 514.84
128.87 238.25 320.02 392.80 491.85 603.20 658.33 450.74
6246.10 11918.90 16515.94 20537.35 25502.53 31303.14 35559.38 23556.21
Total Debt ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
234.39 225.35 219.26 208.45 202.30 208.50 200.40 210.71
574.38 609.72 588.53 538.32 520.37 482.20 430.71 528.31
745.03 743.19 722.73 707.67 704.40 669.30 669.60 702.81
1773.41 1724.00 1672.41 1518.38 1225.87 865.33 584.02 1265.00
592.93 642.25 679.95 724.20 773.54 824.80 840.47 747.54
1513.88 1505.52 1446.83 1396.89 1415.21 1359.76 1330.61 1409.14
370.99 363.56 343.98 340.77 329.86 301.87 265.46 324.25
7.61 12.31 0.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.13
Nominal Net Worth ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
420.59 455.82 472.41 495.19 525.91 563.22 561.71 512.38
1039.80 1147.40 1218.39 1303.21 1411.28 1539.11 1599.58 1369.83
1316.56 1498.25 1636.63 1785.54 1947.84 2111.62 2189.23 1861.52
3469.80 4087.83 4531.43 5007.73 5529.55 6061.74 6318.52 5256.13
954.35 1024.04 1059.65 1105.15 1150.75 1198.61 1205.43 1123.94
2809.98 3125.07 3333.78 3570.45 3858.13 4195.19 4327.40 3735.00
928.62 1045.38 1108.42 1185.13 1307.89 1469.36 1517.50 1272.28
19069.78 24569.90 27960.19 31475.98 36985.19 43863.12 46871.05 35287.57
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) ($1,000) Over 1997-2002
-13.96
-92.64
-147.15
-601.18
-14.03
-244.87
-121.61
-6090.58
Net Income Adjustment (NIA) (% of recpts) 1997-2002
-5.90
-15.59
-20.88
-27.22
-2.49
-12.14
-14.49
-19.68
Govt Payments/Receipts (%) 1997-2002 Cost to Receipts Ratio (%) 1997-2002 Total Cash Receipts ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average Contract Payments ($1000) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1997-2002 Average
40
Figure 34. Farrow-to-Finish Hog Farms Average Change in Real Net Worth 1997-2002 (%) 120 100 80 60 40 20 0
MOH100
MOH225
ILH200
ILH750
INH150
INH600
NCH350
NCH13268
Annual Percentage Change in Receipts From 1997 to 2002 Needed to Maintain 1997 Real Net Worth (%) 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30
MOH100
MOH225
ILH200
ILH750
INH150
INH600
NCH350
NCH13268
Figure 35. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Hog Farms ($1,000's) Missouri Moderate Hog Farm (MOH100) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
Missouri Large Hog Farm (MOH225) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
350 300 250 200 150 100 50 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
Illinois Moderate Hog Farm (ILH200) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2001
2002
Illinois Large Hog Farm (ILH750) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
500
1,600 1,400
400
1,200
300
1,000 800
200
600
100
400 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
41
Figure 36. Ending Cash Reserves and Net Cash Farm Income: Hog Farms ($1,000's) Indiana Moderate Hog Farm (INH150) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
Indiana Large Hog Farm (INH600) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
200
800
100
700 600
0
500
-100
400
-200
300
-300
200 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
North Carolina Moderate Hog Farm (NCH350) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
North Carolina Large Hog Farm (NCH13268) Ending Cash Net Cash Income
700
40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0
600 500 400 300 200 100 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
43
APPENDIX A: CHARACTERISTICS OF REPRESENTATIVE FARMS
44 CHARACTERISTICS OF PANEL FARMS PRODUCING FEED GRAINS
IAG950
A 950-acre Northwestern Iowa (Webster County) moderate size grain farm that plants 475 acres of corn and 475 acres of soybeans. The farm receives 55 percent of its receipts from corn.
IAG2200
A 2,200-acre Northwestern Iowa (Webster County) large grain farm that plants 1,100 acres of corn and 1,100 acres of soybeans. The farm generates 56 percent of its receipts from corn.
MOCG1500
A 1,500-acre Central Missouri (Carroll County) moderate size grain farm with 250 acres of wheat, 550 acres of corn, and 700 acres of soybeans. This farm is located in the Missouri river bottom and supplies feed to the livestock producers in the region at premium to other areas of Missouri. Corn generates about 44 percent of the farm’s receipts.
MOCG3000
A 3,000-acre Central Missouri (Carroll County) large grain farm with 300 acres of wheat, 1,350 acres of corn, and 1,350 acres of soybeans. This farm is located in the Missouri river bottom and supplies feed to the livestock producers in the region at premium to other areas of Missouri. The farm generates about 54 percent of its total revenue from corn.
MONG1200
A 1,200-acre Northern Missouri (Nodaway County) diversified grain farm with 525 acres of corn, 525 acres of soybeans, and 150 acres of hay. The farm also has 150 breeding cows and 80 breeding sows. The farm generates about 47 percent of its total revenue from corn and soybeans, 38 percent from hogs, and 13 percent from cattle.
NEG800
A 800-acre South Central Nebraska (Phelps County) moderate size 100 percent irrigated grain farm that plants 770 acres of corn, and 30 acres of alfalfa. The farm also has 100 breeding cows. The farm generates 92 percent of its receipts from corn.
NEG1575
A 1,575-acre South Central Nebraska (Phelps County) large 100 percent irrigated grain farm that plants 1,575 acres of corn. The farm generates about 97 percent of its receipts from corn.
45 Appendix Table A1. Characteristics of Representaive Farms in Iow a, Missouri, and Nebraska Producing Feed Grains.
IAG950
County
IAG2200
MOCG1500
MOCG3000
MONG1200
NEG800
NEG1575
Webster
Webster
Carroll
Carroll
Nodaw ay
Phelps
Phelps
Total Cropland Acres Ow ned Acres Leased
950 320 630
2,200 320 1,880
1,500 750 750
3,000 1,500 1,500
1,200 600 600
800 400 400
1,575 1,040 535
Pastureland Acres Ow ned
0
0
0
0
300
250
0
Acres Leased
0
0
0
0
300
250
0
1,204 943 216
1,461 958 401
1,780 1,345 361
3,293 2,565 547
1,562 1,135 241
1,292 965 273
2,778 2,150 573
45
102
75
182
186
54
55
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
150 80
100 0
0 0
327.6
586.8
390.4
857.9
475.2
371.9
776.7
Cattle
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
63.3 13.30%
29.6 8.00%
0.0 0.00%
Hogs
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
181.2 38.10%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Corn
179.4 54.80%
327.1 55.80%
171.2 43.90%
462.5 53.90%
94.2 19.80%
342.3 92.00%
756.7 97.40%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
45.9 11.70%
57.3 6.70%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
148.2 45.20%
259.7 44.20%
163.2 41.80%
338.1 39.40%
130.5 27.50%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Hay
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
6.0 1.30%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Other Receipts
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
10.0 2.60%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
20.0 2.60%
950
2,200
1,500
3,000
1,200
800
1,575
475.0 50.00%
1,100.0 50.00%
550.0 36.70%
1,350.0 45.00%
525.0 43.80%
770.0 96.30%
1,575.0 100.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
250.0 16.70%
300.0 10.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
475.0 50.00%
1,100.0 50.00%
700.0 46.70%
1,350.0 45.00%
525.0 43.80%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Assets ($1,000) Total Real Estate Machinery Other & Livestock Number of Livestock Beef Cow s Sow s 1996 Gross Receipts ($1,000)* Total
Wheat
Soybeans
1996 Planted Acres** Total Corn
Wheat
Soybeans
Hay
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 150.0 30.0 0.0 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 12.50% 3.80% 0.00% __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ *Receipts for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm. Percents indicate the percentage of the total receipts accounted for by the livestock categories and the crops. **Acreages for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm; these values reflect acreage reduction percentages that year. Total planted acreage may exceed total cropland available due to double cropping. Percents indicate the percentage of total planted acreage accounted for by the crop.
46
CHARACTERISTICS OF PANEL FARMS PRODUCING FEED GRAINS (CONTINUED)
TXNP1600
A 1,600-acre Northern High Plains of Texas (Moore County) moderate size 100 percent irrigated grain farm with 642 acres of wheat, 280 acres of sorghum, 470 acres of corn, and 208 acres fallow. The farm generates 68 percent of its total receipts from feed grains.
TXNP5500
A 5,500-acre Northern High Plains of Texas (Moore County) large 85 percent irrigated grain farm with 1,675 acres of irrigated wheat, 800 acres of dryland wheat in the corners of all pivot irrigated fields, 275 acres of irrigated sorghum, 2,200 acres of irrigated corn, and 550 acres fallow. The farm generates about 72 percent of its receipts from feed grains.
SCG1500
A 1,500-acre South Carolina (Clarendon County) moderate size grain farm with 750 acres of double cropped wheat and soybeans, 600 acres of corn, and 150 acres of full season soybeans. The farm generates about 69 percent of its total receipts from corn and soybeans. This farm enjoys high returns on double cropped acreage but timing will not allow more than 750 acres.
SCG3500
A 3,500-acre South Carolina (Clarendon County) large grain farm with 2020 acres of double crop wheat and soybeans, 350 acres of cotton, 1,130 acres of corn. This farm enjoys high returns on double cropped acreage but timing is a limiting factor. The farm generates 57 percent of its receipts from corn and soybeans.
47 Appendix Table A2. Characteristics of Representaive Farms in Texas and South Carolina Producing Feed Grains.
TXNP1600
County
TXNP5500
SCG1500
SCG3500
Moore
Moore
Clarendon
Clarendon
1,600 320 1,280
5,500 1,100 4,400
1,500 500 1,000
3,500 1,400 2,100
Assets ($1000) Total
568
2,124
934
3,051
Real Estate Machinery Other
185 316 67
647 1,216 260
567 271 96
1,954 783 314
376.5
1,411.7
618.0
1,627.3
Corn
186.0 49.40%
949.9 67.30%
192.4 31.10%
404.4 24.90%
Sorghum
68.7 18.20%
67.0 4.70%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Wheat
121.9 32.40%
379.8 26.90%
386.2 62.50%
0.0 0.00%
Soybeans
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
39.4 6.40%
1,007.9 61.90%
Cotton
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
215.0 13.20%
Other Receipts
0.0 0.00%
15.0 1.10%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
1,600
5,500
1,500
3,500
Corn
470.0 29.40%
2,200.0 40.00%
600.0 40.00%
1,130.5 32.30%
Sorghum
280.0 17.50%
275.0 5.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Wheat
642.0 40.10%
2,475.0 45.00%
750.0 50.00%
0.0 0.00%
Soybeans
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
150.0 10.00%
2,019.5 57.70%
Cotton
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
350.0 10.00%
Fallow
208.0 13.00%
550.0 10.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Total Cropland Acres Ow ned Acres Leased
1996 Gross Receipts ($1,000)* Total
1996 Planted Acres** Total
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ *Receipts for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm. Percents indicate the percentage of the total receipts accounted for by the crop. **Acreages for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm; these values reflect acreage reduction percentages that year. Total planted acreage may exceed total cropland available due to double cropping. Percents indicate the percentage of total planted acreage accounted for by the crop.
48 CHARACTERISTICS OF PANEL FARMS PRODUCING WHEAT
WAW1500
A 1,500-acre Southeastern Washington (Whitman County) moderate size grain farm that plants 750 acres of wheat, 300 acres of barley, and 450 acres of peas. Disease problems require a rotation that includes a minimum amount of barley and peas in order to maintain wheat yields. The farm generates 67 percent of its receipts from wheat.
WAW4250
A 4,250-acre Southeastern Washington (Whitman County) large size grain farm that is harvesting 3,188 acres of wheat, 425 acres of Barley, and 638 acres of Peas. Disease problems require a rotation that includes a minimum amount of barley and peas in order to maintain wheat yields. Winter and spring wheat account for 86 percent of receipts.
NDW1760
A 1,760-acre South Central North Dakota (Barnes County) moderate size grain farm that has 920 acres of wheat, 400 acres of barley, and 440 acres of sunflowers. Rotation and disease problems will not allow more than 25 percent of the acres to be planted to sunflowers. The farm receives about 52 percent of receipts from wheat.
NDW4600
A 4,600-acre South Central North Dakota (Barnes County) large grain farm that plants 2,400 acres of wheat, 1,200 acres of barley, and 1,000 acres of sunflowers. Rotation and disease problems will not allow more than 25 percent of the acres to be planted to sunflowers. Wheat accounts for 52 percent of the farms total gross receipts.
KSSC1495
A 1,495-acre South Central Kansas (Sumner County) moderate size grain farm that plants 1,200 acres of wheat, and 295 acres of grain sorghum. The farm generates 81 percent of its receipts from wheat.
KSSC3080
A 3,080-acre South Central Kansas (Sumner County) large grain farm harvesting 2,464 acres of wheat, 462 acres of grain sorghum, and 154 acres of hay. The farm also has 67 breeding cows. The farm generates 81 percent of its receipts from wheat.
KSNW2325
A 2,325-acre North Western Kansas (Thomas County) moderate size grain farm that plants 900 acres of wheat, 225 acres of grain sorghum, 225 acres of corn and has 900 acres of fallow. The farm also has 100 breeding cows. The farm generates 55 percent of its receipts from wheat.
KSNW4300
A 4,300-acre North Western Kansas (Thomas County) large grain farm harvesting 2,000 acres of wheat, 250 acres of grain sorghum, 250 acres of dryland corn, 240 of irrigated corn, 75 acres of hay, and 1485 acres of fallow. The farm also has 100 breeding cows. The farm generates 56 percent of its receipts from wheat.
COW2700
A 2,700-acre Northeast Colorado (Washington County) moderate size grain farm that plants 1,100 acres of wheat, 400 acres of millet, and 120 acres of corn, and will leave 810 acres fallow. This farm is using a smaller fallow rotation than its larger counterpart thus allowing for only 680 less harvested acres per year. The farm generates 69 percent of its receipts from wheat.
COW4000
A 4,000-acre Northeast Colorado (Washington County) large size grain farm that plants 1,700 acres of wheat, and 600 acres of millet, and will leave 1700 acres in fallow. The 50/50 rotation on wheat and fallow makes the harvested acres on this farm closer to the harvested acres on the moderate farm. Wheat produces 81 percent of the farms gross revenue.
49 Appendix Table A3. Characteristics of Representaive Farms in Washington, North Dakota, Kansas, and Colorado Producing Wheat.
WAW1500
County
WAW4250
NDW1760
NDW4600
KSSC1495
KSSC3080
KSNW2325
KSNW4300
COW2700
COW4000
Whitman
Whitman
Barnes
Barnes
Sumner
Sumner
Thomas
Thomas
Washington
Washington
Total Cropland Acres Owned Acres Leased
1,500 750 750
4,250 1,700 2,550
1,760 400 1,360
4,600 1,840 2,760
1,495 498 997
3,080 330 2,750
2,325 930 1,395
4,300 1,075 3,225
2,700 1,650 1,050
4,000 2,000 2,000
Pastureland Acres Owned Acres Leased
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
25 775
500 500
500 500
0 0
0 0
1,217 931 241 45
3,309 2,294 756 258
545 215 272 58
1,985 968 838 179
558 277 274 7
937 353 474 110
960 585 291 84
1,311 712 474 124
1,034 743 246 45
1,422 960 369 93
0
0
0
0
0
67
100
100
0
0
Assets ($1,000) Total Real Estate Machinery Other & Livestock Number of Liv estock Beef Cows 1996 Gross Receipts ($1,000)* Total
401.2
1,148.6
291.0
880.8
174.7
429.0
219.1
474.4
243.9
391.0
Cattle
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
21.8 5.10%
28.4 13.00%
28.8 6.10%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Wheat
266.7 66.50%
982.4 85.50%
152.1 52.30%
458.3 52.00%
141.0 80.70%
348.8 81.30%
120.5 55.00%
268.3 56.60%
168.2 69.00%
315.5 80.70%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
33.8 19.30%
58.0 13.50%
27.2 12.40%
34.8 7.30%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
63.9 15.90%
86.6 7.50%
62.9 21.60%
225.2 25.60%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
42.3 19.30%
142.5 30.00%
15.4 6.30%
0.0 0.00%
70.7 17.60%
79.6 6.90%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Sunflowers
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
70.9 24.40%
192.3 21.80%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Millet
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
54.2 22.20%
75.4 19.30%
Hay
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.4 0.10%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Other Receipts
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
5.0 1.70%
5.0 0.60%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.7 0.30%
0.0 0.00%
6.1 2.50%
0.0 0.00%
1,500
4,250
1,760
4,600
1,495
3,080
2,250
4,300
2,430
4,000
750.0 50.00%
3,187.5 75.00%
920.0 52.30%
2,400.0 52.20%
1,200.0 80.30%
2,464.0 80.00%
900.0 40.00%
2,000.0 46.50%
1,100.0 45.30%
1,700.0 42.50%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
295.0 19.70%
462.0 15.00%
225.0 10.00%
250.0 5.80%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
300.0 20.00%
425.0 10.00%
400.0 22.70%
1,200.0 26.10%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
225.0 10.00%
490.0 11.40%
120.0 4.90%
0.0 0.00%
450.0 30.00%
637.5 15.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Sunflowers
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
440.0 25.00%
1,000.0 21.70%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Millet
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
400.0 16.50%
600.0 15.00%
Hay
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
154.0 5.00%
0.0 0.00%
75.0 1.70%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Sorghum
Barley
Corn
Dry Peas
1996 Planted Acres** Total Wheat
Sorghum
Barley
Corn
Dry Peas
Fallow 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 900.0 1,485.0 810.0 1,700.0 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 40.00% 34.50% 33.30% 42.50% ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ *Receipts for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm. Percents indicate the percentage of the total receipts accounted for by the livestock categories and the crops. **Acreages for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm; these values reflect acreage reduction percentages that year. Total planted acreage may exceed total cropland available due to double cropping. Percents indicate the percentage of total planted acreage accounted for by the crop.
50 CHARACTERISTICS OF PANEL FARMS PRODUCING COTTON
CAC2000
A 2000-acre Central San Joaquin Valley California (Kings County) moderate size cotton farm that plants 1100 acres of cotton, 300 acres of wheat, 300 acres of corn and 300 acres of hay. The farm generates 65 percent of its gross income from cotton.
CAC6000
A 6000-acre Central San Joaquin Valley California (Kings County) large cotton farm harvesting 3,000 acres of cotton, 1,500 acres of vegetables, 720 acres of wheat, 240 acres of corn, and 300 acres of hay. Vegetables on this farm vary from year to year depending on the price of the particular vegetable, however, the returns to this 1500 acres remain relatively stable over time. Cotton generates about 70 percent of this farm’s receipts.
TXSP1682
A 1,682-acre Texas Southern High Plains (Dawson County) moderate size cotton farm. The farm plants 961 acres of cotton (886 dryland and 75 irrigated), 95 acres of peanuts, and has 183 acres in CRP. This farm is just now starting to adopt the irrigation practices of its larger counterpart. The farm generates 81 percent of its receipts from cotton.
TXSP3697
A 3,697-acre Texas Southern High Plains (Dawson County) large cotton farm. The farm plants 2,822 acres of cotton (2,094 dryland and 728 irrigated), 128 acres of peanuts and has 214 acres in CRP. Cotton generates 93 percent of this farms receipts.
TXRP2065
A 2,065-acre Texas Rolling Plains (Jones County) cotton farm that plants 1,240 acres of cotton, and 825 acres of wheat. The farm also has 25 breeding cows and uses the wheat acreage to graze the cattle in the winter. About 73 percent of this farms receipts are derived from cotton. This farm represents the consolidation of two previous representative farms.
TXBL1200
A 1,200-acre Texas Blacklands (Williamson County) moderate size cotton and grain farm with 400 acres of cotton, 350 acres of sorghum, 350 acres of corn, and 100 acres of wheat. This farm also has 50 breeding cows which are pastured on rented land that cannot be cropped. Cotton generates 50 percent of the farms receipts.
TXCB1700
A 1,700-acre Texas Coastal Bend (San Patricio County) cotton farm with 765 acres of cotton and 935 acres of grain sorghum. Severe disease problems force this farm to plant at a minimum 50 percent of the land to grain sorghum. About 70 percent of this farm’s receipts are cotton receipts.
51 Appendix Table A4. Characteristics of Representaive Farms in California and Texas Producing Cotton.
CAC2000
CAC6000
TXSP1682
TXSP3697
TXRP2065
TXBL1200
TXCB1700
County
Kings
Kings
Dawson
Dawson
Jones
Williamson
San Patricio
Total Cropland Acres Ow ned Acres Leased
2,000 1,000 1,000
6,000 5,400 600
1,682 653 1,029
3,697 705 2,992
2,500 400 2,100
1,200 150 1,050
1,700 300 1,400
Pastureland Acres Ow ned Acres Leased
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 500
30 210
0 0
4,259 3,300 796 163
14,206 12,030 1,658 519
613 295 288 29
1,165 374 668 122
427 190 212 25
525 226 266 33
512 286 216 10
0
0
0
0
25
50
0
1,895.4
5,383.8
295.6
966.5
233.4
246.3
421.0
Cattle
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
6.2 2.70%
7.9 3.20%
0.0 0.00%
Cotton
1,229.5 64.90%
3,787.4 70.30%
240.1 81.20%
900.5 93.20%
170.3 73.00%
122.8 49.90%
294.5 70.00%
Sorghum
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
44.9 18.20%
126.5 30.00%
Wheat
131.3 6.90%
375.5 7.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
56.8 24.40%
11.7 4.70%
0.0 0.00%
Corn
190.2 10.00%
138.7 2.60%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
59.0 24.00%
0.0 0.00%
Hay
344.4 18.20%
332.1 6.20%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Additional Peanuts
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
45.2 15.30%
57.4 5.90%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Other Receipts
0.0 0.00%
750.0 13.90%
10.3 3.50%
8.6 0.90%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
2,000
5,760
1,239
3,164
2,065
1,200
1,700
1,100.0 55.00%
3,000.0 52.10%
961.0 77.60%
2,822.0 89.20%
1,240.0 60.00%
400.0 33.30%
765.0 45.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
350.0 29.20%
935.0 55.00%
Wheat
300.0 15.00%
720.0 12.50%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
825.0 40.00%
100.0 8.30%
0.0 0.00%
Corn
300.0 15.00%
240.0 4.20%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
350.0 29.20%
0.0 0.00%
Hay
300.0 15.00%
300.0 5.20%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Additional Peanuts
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
95.0 7.70%
128.0 4.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Vegetables
0.0 0.00%
1,500.0 26.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Assets ($1,000) Total Real Estate Machinery Other & Livestock Number of Livestock Beef Cow s 1996 Gross Receipts ($1,000)* Total
1996 Planted Acres** Total Cotton
Sorghum
CRP
0.0 0.0 183.0 214.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00% 0.00% 14.80% 6.80% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ *Receipts for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm. Percents indicate the percentage of the total receipts accounted for by the livestock categories and the crops. **Acreages for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm; these values reflect acreage reduction percentages that year. Total planted acreage may exceed total cropland available due to double cropping. Percents indicate the percentage of total planted acreage accounted for by the crop.
52 CHARACTERISTICS OF PANEL FARMS PRODUCING RICE
CAR424
A 424-acre Sacramento Valley California (Sutter and Yuba Counties) moderate size rice farm that plants 400 acres of rice. The farm generates 95 percent of its gross income from rice.
CAR1365
A 1,365-acre Sacramento Valley California (Sutter and Yuba Counties) large rice farm that plants 1265 acres of rice. The farm generates about 98 percent of its gross income from rice.
TXR2118
A 2,118-acre West of Houston, Texas (Wharton County) moderate size rice farm that harvests 600 acres of first crop rice, and 510 acres of ratoon rice. The farm receives 99 percent of its gross receipts from rice.
TXR3750
A 3,750-acre West of Houston, Texas (Wharton County) large rice farm that harvests 1500 acres of first-crop rice, 1275 acres of ratoon rice, and 200 acres of hay. The farm also has 200 breeding cows. 96 percent of the farm’s gross receipts are from rice.
MOR1900
A 1,900-acre Southeastern Missouri (Butler County) moderate size rice farm with 616 acres of rice, 650 acres of soybeans, and 633 acres of corn. Rice accounts for 47 percent of this farms receipts.
MOR4000
A 4,000-acre Southeastern Missouri (Butler County) large rice farm with 1,710 acres of rice, 800 acre soybeans, 1,250 acres of corn, and 240 acres of cotton. Fifty-five percent of this farm’s receipts are generated from rice.
LAR1100
A 1,100-acre Louisiana (Jefferson Davis, Acadia, and Vermilion Parishes) moderate size rice farm harvesting 540 acres of rice, 362 acres of soybeans, and 198 acres of fallow. About 83 percent of this farm’s receipts are generated by rice.
53 Appendix Table A5. Characteristics of Representaive Farms in California, Texas, Missouri, and Louisiana Producing Rice.
CAR424
County
CAR1365
TXR2118
TXR3750
MOR1900
MOR4000
LAR1100
Sutter
Yuba
Wharton
Wharton
Butler
Butler
Acadia
Total Cropland Acres Ow ned Acres Leased
424 212 212
1,365 515 850
2,118 318 1,800
3,750 1,688 2,062
1,900 380 1,520
4,000 2,000 2,000
1,100 50 1,050
Pastureland Acres Ow ned
0
0
0
200
0
0
0
694 446 207 40
1,985 1,327 550 109
558 197 303 58
1,934 1,138 602 194
1,482 846 608 28
5,557 3,942 1,411 204
302 78 197 27
0
0
0
200
0
0
0
363.8
1,133.5
487.9
1,385.0
662.4
1,932.8
329.2
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
32.7 2.40%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
345.5 95.00%
1,113.9 98.30%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
95.7 29.10%
Long Grain Rice
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
480.9 98.60%
1,332.3 96.20%
316.2 47.70%
1,078.1 55.80%
177.6 53.90%
Soybeans
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
129.0 19.50%
197.9 10.20%
52.9 16.10%
Corn
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
217.2 32.80%
521.7 27.00%
0.0 0.00%
Cotton
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
135.0 7.00%
0.0 0.00%
Other Receipts
18.3 5.00%
19.6 1.70%
7.0 1.40%
20.0 1.40%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
3.0 0.90%
400
1,265
1,110
2,975
1,899
4,000
1,100
400.0 100.00%
1,265.0 100.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
189.1 17.20%
Long Grain Rice
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
1,110.2 100.00%
2,775.0 93.30%
616.0 32.40%
1,710.0 42.80%
350.9 31.90%
Soybeans
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
650.0 34.20%
800.0 20.00%
361.9 32.90%
Corn
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
633.0 33.30%
1,250.0 31.30%
0.0 0.00%
Cotton
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
240.0 6.00%
0.0 0.00%
Hay
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
200.0 6.70%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Assets ($1,000) Total Real Estate Machinery Other & Livestock Number of Livestock Beef Cow s 1996 Gross Receipts ($1,000)* Total Cattle
Medium Grain Rice
1996 Planted Acres** Total Medium Grain Rice
Fallow
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 198.1 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 18.00% __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ *Receipts for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm. Percents indicate the percentage of the total receipts accounted for by the livestock categories and the crops. **Acreages for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm; these values reflect acreage reduction percentages that year. Total planted acreage may exceed total cropland available due to double cropping. Percents indicate the percentage of total planted acreage accounted for by the crop.
54 CHARACTERISTICS OF PANEL FARMS PRODUCING MILK CAD1710
A 1710-cow Central California (Tulare County) large dairy farm that produces 21,800 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 200 acres of hay and 325 acres of silage for which it employs custom harvesting. Milk receipts generate 95 percent of all receipts.
NMD2000
A 2000-cow Southern New Mexico (Dona Anna and Chaves County) large dairy farm that averages 22,400 pounds per cow. Rather than plant any crops, this farm purchased all commodities necessary for blending its own total mixed ration. Milk sales account for 95 percent of cash receipts.
WAD185
A 185-cow Northern Washington (Whatcom County) moderate size dairy farm that produces 25,500 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 115 acres of silage and generates 98 percent of its receipts from milk.
WAD850
A 850-cow Northern Washington (Whatcom County) large dairy farm that produces 23,500 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 505 acres of silage and generates 97 percent of its receipts from milk.
IDD500
A 500-cow Idaho (Twin Falls County) moderate size dairy farm that produces 21,000 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants no crops. Milk is 91 percent of the farms gross income.
IDD1800
A 1800-cow Idaho (Twin Falls County) large dairy farm that produces 21,000 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 156 acres of hay and 398 acres of silage. Milk is 95 percent of the farms gross income.
TXCD400
A 400-cow Central Texas (Erath County) moderate size dairy farm that produces 16,100 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 120 acres of hay and 183 acres of silage. Milk is 95 percent of the farms gross income.
TXCD825
A 825-cow Central Texas (Erath County) large dairy farm that produces 19,200 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 215 acres for silage, 20 acres of haylage, and milk accounts for 96 percent of receipts.
TXED210
A 210-cow East Texas (Hopkins County) moderate size dairy farm that produces 16,000 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 195 acres of hay and generates 90 percent of its receipts from milk.
TXED650
A 650-cow East Texas (Lamar County) large dairy farm that produces 17,000 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 140 acres of hay and 360 acres of silage. The farm generates 93 percent of its receipts from milk.
55 Appendix Table A6. Characteristics of Representaive Farms in California, New Mexico, Washington, Idaho, and Texas Producing Milk.
CAD1710
County
NMD2000
WAD185
WAD850
IDD500
IDD1800
TXCD400
TXCD825
TXED210
TXED650
Tulare
Dona Ana
Whatcom
Whatcom
Twin Falls
Twin Falls
Erath
Erath
Hopkins
Lamar
Total Cropland Acres Owned Acres Leased
528 528 0
300 300 0
120 60 60
505 250 255
80 80 0
620 620 0
300 150 150
250 250 0
250 200 50
500 500 0
Pastureland Acres Owned
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
25
300
Acres Leased
0
0
0
0
0
0
150
0
0
0
Total Real Estate Machinery
7,264 4,506 412
6,228 3,480 403
785 485 62
3,657 2,480 286
2,025 1,040 257
7,065 3,674 423
1,096 534 200
2,094 913 231
774 380 104
2,099 980 284
Other & Livestock
2,345
2,345
238
890
728
2,968
362
950
290
835
1,710 218
2,000 224
185 255
850 235
500 210
1,800 210
400 161
825 192
210 160
650 170
5,242.6
6,401.1
697.8
2,962.7
1,609.5
5,557.0
1,018.5
2,499.3
558.0
1,772.5
4,969.8 94.80%
6,071.5 94.90%
682.9 97.90%
2,886.4 97.40%
1,460.6 90.70%
5,254.4 94.60%
970.5 95.30%
2,395.9 95.90%
501.3 89.80%
1,648.7 93.00%
272.8 5.20%
329.6 5.10%
14.8 2.10%
76.3 2.60%
148.9 9.30%
302.6 5.40%
48.0 4.70%
103.3 4.10%
56.6 10.10%
123.8 7.00%
525
0
115
505
0
554
303
235
195
500
Hay
200.0 38.10%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
156.0 28.20%
120.0 39.60%
0.0 0.00%
195.0 100.00%
140.0 28.00%
Silage
325.0 61.90%
0.0 0.00%
115.0 100.00%
505.0 100.00%
0.0 0.00%
398.0 71.80%
183.0 60.40%
215.0 91.50%
0.0 0.00%
360.0 72.00%
Assets ($1,000)
Number of Livestock Dairy Cows Cwt Milk/Cow 1996 Gross Receipts ($1,000)* Total Milk
Dairy Cattle
1996 Planted Acres** Total
Haylage
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20.0 0.0 0.0 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 8.50% 0.00% 0.00% ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ *Receipts for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm. Percents indicate the percentage of the total receipts accounted for by the livestock categories and the crops. **Acreages for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm; these values reflect acreage reduction percentages that year. Total planted acreage may exceed total cropland available due to double cropping. Percents indicate the percentage of total planted acreage accounted for by the crop.
56 CHARACTERISTICS OF PANEL FARM PRODUCING MILK (CONTINUED) WID70
A 70-cow Eastern Wisconsin (Winnebago County) moderate size dairy farm that produces 20,500 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 37 acres of hay, 45 acres of corn, 24 acres of silage, and 89 acres of haylage. Milk makes up 92 percent of this farm’s receipts.
WID600
A 600-cow Eastern Wisconsin (Winnebago County) large dairy farm that produces 19,800 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 350 acres of corn, 200 acres of silage, and 450 acres of haylage. Milk accounts for 93 percent of the farm’s receipts.
MIED200
A 200-cow Michigan (Sanilac County) moderate size dairy farm that produces 22,000 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 220 acres of corn and 170 acres of silage. Milk accounts for 94 percent of the farm’s receipts.
MICD140
A 140-cow Michigan (Isabella County) moderate size dairy farm that produces 20,300 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 110 acres of corn, 45 acres of hay, 65 acres of silage, and 70 acres of haylage. Milk accounts for 91 percent of the farm’s receipts.
NYWD700
A 700-cow Western New York (Wyoming County) moderate size dairy farm that produces 22,700 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 535 acres of silage and 450 acres of haylage. About 94 percent of the farm’s receipts come from milk.
NYWD1200
A 1200-cow Western New York (Wyoming County) large dairy farm that produces 21,700 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 825 acres of silage and 700 acres of haylage. Milk accounts for 96 percent of the farm’s receipts.
NYCD110
A 110-cow Central New York (Cayuga County) moderate size dairy farm that produces 22,000 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 49 acres of hay, 75 acres of corn, 78 acres of silage, and 84 acres of haylage. Milk accounts for 95 percent of the farms receipts.
NYCD300
A 300-cow Central New York (Cayuga County) large dairy farm that produces 21,500 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 170 acres of hay, 142 acres of corn, 190 acres of silage, and 298 acres of haylage. The farm generates 95 percent of its receipts from milk.
VTD85
A 85-cow Vermont (Washington County) moderate size dairy farm that averages 22,400 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 60 acres of hay, 58 acres of silage, and 70 acres of haylage. Milk accounts for 92 percent of the receipts.
VTD350
A 350-cow Vermont (Washington County) large dairy farm that averages 22,000 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 205 acres of hay, 200 acres of silage, and 177 acres of haylage. Milk accounts for 96 percent of the farm’s receipts.
57 Appendix Table A7. Characteristics of Representaive Farms in Wisconsin, Michigan, New York, and Vermont Producing Milk.
WID70
County
WID600
MIED200
MICD140
NYWD700
NYWD1200
NYCD110
NYCD300
VTD85
VTD350
Winnebago
Winnebago
Sanilac
Isabella
Wyoming
Wyoming
Cayuga
Total Cropland Acres Ow ned Acres Leased
182 152 30
1,000 400 600
590 363 227
510 300 210
935 800 135
1,800 1,200 600
296 250 46
800 700 100
200 140 60
700 525 175
Pastureland Acres Ow ned Acres Leased
0 0
0 0
50 0
25 0
200 0
300 0
50 0
400 0
50 0
50 50
Assets ($1,000) Total Real Estate Machinery Other & Livestock
459 247 90 122
2,356 1,242 190 925
1,550 870 313 367
1,278 735 283 260
3,015 1,610 291 1,114
4,960 2,595 593 1,772
602 379 92 131
1,490 780 213 497
662 360 135 168
1,811 1,040 260 512
Number of Livestock Dairy Cows Cw t Milk/Cow
70 205
600 198
200 220
140 203
700 227
1,200 217
110 220
300 215
85 224
350 220
226.5
1,858.2
685.4
447.7
2,495.5
4,036.4
377.1
1,012.9
316.8
1,220.8
208.8 92.20%
1,726.8 92.90%
645.0 94.10%
407.7 91.10%
2,356.0 94.40%
3,861.6 95.70%
359.4 95.30%
957.8 94.60%
289.7 91.50%
1,174.3 96.20%
Dairy Cattle
17.7 7.80%
131.4 7.10%
32.5 4.70%
40.0 8.90%
139.5 5.60%
174.8 4.30%
17.7 4.70%
55.0 5.40%
25.5 8.10%
46.5 3.80%
Wheat
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
7.9 1.20%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Other Receipts
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
1.5 0.50%
0.0 0.00%
195
1,000
440
490
985
1,525
286
800
188
582
Hay
37.0 19.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
70.0 14.30%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
49.0 17.10%
170.0 21.30%
60.0 31.90%
205.0 35.20%
Silage
24.0 12.30%
200.0 20.00%
170.0 38.60%
65.0 13.30%
535.0 54.30%
825.0 54.10%
78.0 27.30%
190.0 23.80%
58.0 30.90%
200.0 34.40%
Haylage
89.0 45.60%
450.0 45.00%
0.0 0.00%
110.0 22.40%
450.0 45.70%
700.0 45.90%
84.0 29.40%
298.0 37.30%
70.0 37.20%
177.0 30.40%
Corn
45.0 23.10%
350.0 35.00%
220.0 50.00%
175.0 35.70%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
75.0 26.20%
142.0 17.80%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
1996 Gross Receipts ($1,000)* Total Milk
1996 Planted Acres** Total
Wheat
Cayuga Washington Washington
0.0 0.0 50.0 70.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00% 0.00% 11.40% 14.30% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ *Receipts for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm. Percents indicate the percentage of the total receipts accounted for by the livestock categories and the crops. **Acreages for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm; these values reflect acreage reduction percentages that year. Total planted acreage may exceed total cropland available due to double cropping. Percents indicate the percentage of total planted acreage accounted for by the crop.
58 CHARACTERISTICS OF PANEL FARM PRODUCING MILK (CONTINUED) MOD85
A 85-cow Southwestern Missouri (Christian County) moderate size dairy farm that averages 15,600 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 220 acres of hay. About 91 percent of the farm’s receipts come from milk.
MOD300
A 300-cow Southwestern Missouri (Christian County) large dairy farm that averages 17,300 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 578 acres of hay and 107 acres of silage. Milk accounts for 95 percent of this farm’s receipts.
GAND175
A 175-cow Central Georgia (Putnam County) moderate size dairy farm that produces 18,000 pounds of milk per cow. Rather than plant any crops, this farm opts to purchase all of its feed requirements in the form of a premixed ration. Milk accounts for 96 percent of the farm’s gross income.
GASD650
A 650-cow Southern Georgia (Houston County) large dairy farm that produces 19,000 pounds of milk per cow. The farm plants 150 acres of hay and 200 acres of silage. Milk makes up 96 percent of the farm’s receipts.
FLND380
A 380-cow North Florida (Lafayette County) moderate size dairy farm that averages 17,000 pounds of milk per cow. The farm grows 200 acres of hay. All feed requirements, in addition to hay, are met through a purchased pre-mixed ration. Milk sales account for 95 percent of the farm’s receipts. Excess hay sales provide one percent of cash receipts and are expected to provide supplemental sales from year to year.
FLSD2000
A 2000-cow South Central Florida (Okeechobee County) large dairy farm that produces 16,500 pounds of milk per cow. The farm grows 1210 acres of hay. In addition to grass hay, grass silage, and pasture, cows receive a purchased premixed ration. Milk sales generate 94 percent of its receipts.
59 Appendix Table A8. Characteristics of Representaive Farms in Missouri, Georgia, and Florida Producing Milk.
MOD85
County
MOD300
GAND175
GASD650
FLND380
FLSD2000
Christian
Christian
Putnam
Houston
Layfayette
Okeechobee
Total Cropland Acres Ow ned Acres Leased
220 140 80
685 450 235
0 0 0
350 300 50
590 440 150
2,250 2,250 0
Pastureland Acres Ow ned Acres Leased
55 55
20 100
200 0
150 0
60 0
0 0
Assets ($1,000) Total Real Estate Machinery Other & Livestock
510 295 104 111
1,460 882 217 360
492 280 38 175
1,926 886 284 756
1,202 700 70 432
5,079 2,750 210 2,119
Number of Livestock Dairy Cow s Cw t Milk/Cow
85 156
300 173
175 180
650 190
380 170
2,000 165
218.9
819.6
532.1
2,088.3
1,194.4
6,175.5
199.6 91.20%
782.6 95.50%
511.9 96.20%
2,006.9 96.10%
1,133.7 94.90%
5,791.5 93.80%
Dairy Cattle
19.4 8.80%
37.0 4.50%
20.3 3.80%
81.4 3.90%
47.5 4.00%
384.0 6.20%
Hay
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
13.2 1.10%
0.0 0.00%
220
685
0
350
200
1,210
220.0 100.00%
578.0 84.40%
0.0 0.00%
150.0 42.90%
200.0 100.00%
1,210.0 100.00%
1996 Gross Receipts ($1,000)* Total Milk
1996 Planted Acres** Total Hay
Silage
0.0 107.0 0.0 200.0 0.0 0.0 0.00% 15.60% 0.00% 57.10% 0.00% 0.00% __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ *Receipts for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm. Percents indicate the percentage of the total receipts accounted for by the livestock categories and the crops. **Acreages for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm; these values reflect acreage reduction percentages that year. Total planted acreage may exceed total cropland available due to double cropping. Percents indicate the percentage of total planted acreage accounted for by the crop.
60 CHARACTERISTICS OF PANEL FARMS PRODUCING BEEF CATTLE
MTB400
A 400-cow ranch located in the eastern plains of Montana (Custer County). The ranch runs cows on a combination of owned, federal, state, and private lease land. One quarter of its total animal unit month grazing needs come from federal land and the ranch owns 14,000 acres of pasture. Of the total land owned, 440 acres are planted for hay. Cattle generates 100 percent of the total receipts on the ranch.
WYB300
A 300-cow ranch located in North Central Wyoming (Washakie County). The ranch harvests hay from 200 acres of owned cropland, and it owns another 1000 acres of pastureland. Rangeland leased from the Forest Service provides 42 percent of the ranch’s grazing needs. Cattle generates 100 percent of the total receipts on the ranch.
COB300
A 300-cow ranch located in Northwest Colorado (Routt County). Federal land provides 7 percent of the ranch’s AUM needs. Hay is produced on 400 acres of the pasture-hay land, of which the ranch owns 300. The ranch owns 1800 acres of pastureland, and the cattle graze the federal land during the summer months. Cattle generates 89 percent of the total receipts on the ranch. This ranch participates in a retained ownership program through the feedlot with 75% of the steers raised.
61 Appendix Table A9. Characteristics of Representaive Farms in Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado Producing Beef Cattle.
MTB400
County
WYB300
COB300
Custer
Washakie
Routt
0 0 0
200 200 0
400 300 100
14,000 1,350 450
1,000 1,500 160
1,800 250 630
1,553 1,260 97 195
580 345 75 160
2,707 2,400 105 202
400
300
300
103.1
87.6
139.5
103.1 100.00%
87.3 99.70%
123.8 88.70%
Hay
0.0 0.00%
0.3 0.30%
3.7 2.70%
Other Receipts
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
12.0 8.60%
440
200
400
Total Cropland Acres Ow ned Acres Leased Pastureland Acres Ow ned Federal AUM"S Leased State & Private AUM"s Assets ($1000) Total Real Estate Machinery Other & Livestock Number of Livestock Beef Cow s 1996 Gross Receipts ($1,000)* Total Cattle
1996 Planted Acres** Total Hay
440.0 200.0 400.0 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ *Receipts for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm. Percents indicate the percentage of the total receipts accounted for by the livestock categories and the crops. **Acreages for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm; these values reflect acreage reduction percentages that year. Total planted acreage may exceed total cropland available due to double cropping. Percents indicate the percentage of total planted acreage accounted for by the crop.
62 CHARACTERISTICS OF PANEL FARMS PRODUCING HOGS MOH100
A 100-sow hog farm located in North Central Missouri (Carroll County). The farm plants 160 acres of corn, 80 acres of soybeans, 80 acres of wheat, and 40 acres of hay. The farm weans 16 pigs per sow in a year and has a feeding efficiency measure of 3.4 pounds of feed per pound of pork sold. Hogs generate 82 percent of the farm’s total receipts while crops produce another 15 percent of receipts.
MOH225
A 225-sow hog farm located in North Central Missouri (Carroll County). The farm plants 400 acres of corn, 400 acres of soybeans, and 200 acres of wheat. This farm feeds 3.7 pounds of feed for every pound of pork sold and averages 19 pigs weaned per sow per year. The hog enterprise generates about 81 percent of the total receipts for the farm. The remainder of total receipts is generated in crop sales.
ILH200
A 200-sow hog farm located in Western Illinois (Knox County). The farm plants 750 acres of corn, 610 acres of soybeans, and 20 acres of wheat. This farm weans 17 pigs/sow/year and operates on 3.5 pounds of feed per pound of pork sold. The hog operation produces about 60 percent of the farm’s total receipts while the sale of crops accounts for about 40.
ILH750
A 750-sow hog farm located in Western Illinois (Knox County). The farm plants 1080 acres of corn and 720 acres of soybeans. This farm will wean an average of 22 pigs per sow in a year, and feeds about 3.1 pounds of feed per pound of pork sold in a year. The hog enterprise generates 88 percent of the total receipts on the farm. Corn and soybean sales account for the remaining 11 percent.
INH150
A 150-sow hog farm located in North Central Indiana (Carroll County). The farm plants 750 acres of corn, 225 acres of soybeans, and 25 acres of wheat. The farm feeds 3.3 pounds of feed per pound of pork sold and weans 17 pigs/sow/year. About 58 percent of the farm’s receipts comes from hogs, and the remainder of receipts is generated through crop sales.
INH600
A 600-sow hog farm located in North Central Indiana (Carroll County). The farm plants 1500 acres of corn, 700 acres of soybeans, and 50 acres of wheat. The farm is able to wean 20 pigs per sow per year and feed 3.3 pounds of feed per pound of pork sold. The hog operation accounts for approximately three quarters of the farm’s total receipts. The other quarter of receipts comes from crop sales.
NCH350
A 350-sow hog farm located in Eastern North Carolina (Wayne County). The farm plants 100 acres of hay to dispose of waste from the farrow-to-finish hog operation, but does not plant any crops for feed. All feed for the operation is purchased. The farm will wean 19.5 pigs per sow per year and will feed 3.0 pounds of feed per pound of pork sold. The sale of hogs produces 100 percent of the farm’s receipts.
NCH13268
A 13,268-sow hog farm located in Eastern North Carolina (Wayne County). The operation contracts with individual farmers who provide on-site management, labor, and facilities. The operation provides hogs, purchased feed and specialized labor for its group of contract farrowing, nursery and finishing farms. On average the farm will wean 20 pigs per sow per year. A measure of feed efficiency for this operation is 2.9 pounds of feed per pound of pork sold. 100 percent of the farm’s receipts are produced from the sale of hogs.
63 Appendix Table A10. Characteristics of Representaive Farms in Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, and North Carolina Producing Hogs.
MOH100
County
MOH225
ILH200
ILH750
INH150
INH600
NCH350
NCH13268
Carroll
Carroll
Knox
Knox
Caroll
Caroll
Wayne
Wayne
Total Cropland Acres Ow ned Acres Leased
330 220 110
1,020 520 500
1,400 400 1,000
1,800 950 850
1,020 300 720
2,250 800 1,450
100 100 0
0 0 0
Pastureland Acres Ow ned
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Assets ($1,000) Total Real Estate Machinery Other & Livestock
655 481 62 112
1,614 1,073 256 285
2,062 1,420 320 321
5,243 3,590 411 1,242
1,547 1,165 218 164
4,324 2,804 711 809
1,300 745 87 468
19,077 1 16 19,061
Number of Livestock Beef Cows Sow s
25 100
0 225
0 200
0 750
0 150
0 600
0 350
0 13,268
262.0
674.9
763.5
2,405.9
606.6
2,226.4
949.6
35,086.3
Cattle
7.3 2.80%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Hogs
214.5 81.90%
547.2 81.10%
454.0 59.50%
2,122.4 88.20%
349.6 57.60%
1,643.5 73.80%
949.6 100.00%
35,086.3 100.00%
Corn
3.0 1.10%
6.4 1.00%
135.0 17.70%
25.4 1.10%
186.2 30.70%
306.6 13.80%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Soybeans
21.7 8.30%
85.9 12.70%
166.8 21.80%
258.1 10.70%
64.7 10.70%
260.0 11.70%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Wheat
15.4 5.90%
35.3 5.20%
5.2 0.70%
0.0 0.00%
6.1 1.00%
16.3 0.70%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0
0.0 0
2.5 0
0.0 0
0.0 0
0.0 0
0.0 0
0.0 0
360
1,000
1,380
1,800
1,000
2,250
100
0
Corn
160.0 44.40%
400.0 40.00%
750.0 54.30%
1,080.0 60.00%
750.0 75.00%
1,500.0 66.70%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Soybeans
80.0 22.20%
400.0 40.00%
610.0 44.20%
720.0 40.00%
225.0 22.50%
700.0 31.10%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
Wheat
80.0 22.20%
200.0 20.00%
20.0 1.40%
0.0 0.00%
25.0 2.50%
50.0 2.20%
0.0 0.00%
0.0 0.00%
1996 Gross Receipts ($1,000)* Total
Other Receipts
1996 Planted Acres** Total
Hay
40.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 11.10% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 100.00% 0.00% __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ *Receipts for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm. Percents indicate the percentage of the total receipts accounted for by the livestock categories and the crops. **Acreages for 1996 are included to indicate the relative importance of each enterprise to the farm; these values reflect acreage reduction percentages that year. Total planted acreage may exceed total cropland available due to double cropping. Percents indicate the percentage of total planted acreage accounted for by the crop.
65
APPENDIX B: LIST OF PANEL FARM COOPERATORS
66 FEED GRAIN FARMS
Iowa Facilitators Mr. Jim Patton - Webster County Extension Agent Dr. William Edwards - Professor and Extension Economist, Iowa State University Panel Participants Mr. Phil Naeve Mr. Dennis Ammen Mr. Larry Lynch Mr. John Ricke Mr. Don Sandell Mr. Britt Shelton Mr. Bob Anderson Mr. Virgil Gordon Mr. Larry Lane Mr. Merv Berg Mr. Perry Black Mr. and Mrs. Jim Carver Mr. Loren Wuebker Nebraska Facilitators Mr. Gary Hall - Phelps County Agricultural Extension Agent Dr. Roger Selley - Extension Farm Management Specialist, University of Nebraska Mr. Joe Trujillo-University of Missouri-Columbia Panel Participants Mr. Frank Hadley Mr. Tom Schwarz Mr. Gary Robison Mr. Tony Davis Mr. Kerry Blythe Mr. Johnny Nelson Mr. Brian Johnson Mr. Phil High Missouri Facilitator Mr. Parman Green - Farm Management Specialist, University of Missouri - Columbia Panel Participants Mr. Larry Davies Mr. Clifford Lyons Mr. Ron Gibson Mr. Ron Linneman Mr. Ron Venable Mr. Glenn Kaiser Mr. Gerald Kitchen Mr. Jack Harriman Mr. John Vogelsmeier Mr. Jim Wheeler Texas - Northern High Plains Facilitators Mr. Robert Harris - Moore County Agricultural Extension Agent Dr. Steve Amosson - Extension Economist - Management, Texas A&M University Panel Participants Mr. Kyle Williams Mr.Wesley Spurlock Mr. Ellis Moore Mr. Marion Garland Mr. Ronnie Williams Mr. Tom Moore Mr. Kerri Cartwright Northern Missouri Facilitator Mr. Mike Killingsworth - Farm Management Consultant, Maryville, Missouri Mr. Joe Trujillo-University of Missouri-Columbia Panel Participants Mr. Jack Baldwin Mr. Don Mobley Mr. Roger Vest Mr. Gary Ecker Mr. Kevin Rosenbohm
67 FEED GRAIN FARMS CONTINUED South Carolina Facilitator Mr. Toby Boring - Extension Agricultural Economist, Clemson University Panel Participants Mr. Harry DuRant Mr. Steve Lowder Mr. John Ducworth Mr. Billy Davis Mr. Tom Jackson Mr. John Spann Mrs. Vikki Brogdon Mr. Chris Cogdill Mr. Leslie McIntosh
68 WHEAT FARMS Washington Facilitators Mr. John Burns - Whitman County Agricultural Extension Agent Dr. Herb Hinman - Extension Economist, Washington State University Mr. Earl Aehlschlaeger - Adult Farm Management, Community College of Spokane Panel Participants Mr. Brian Largent Mr. Greg Largent Mr. Bruce Nelson Mr. John Whitman Mr. Asa Clark Mr. Henry Suess Mr. David Harlow North Dakota Facilitators Mr. Lester Stuber - Barnes County Agricultural Extension Agent Mr. Dwight Aakre - Extension Associate - Farm Management, North Dakota State University Panel Participants Mr. Mike Clemens Mr. Ray Haugen Mr. Arvid Winkler Mr. Jon Owen Mr. Wade Bruns Mr. Lloyd Thilmony Mr. Jack Formo Mr. Greg Shanenko South Central Kansas Facilitators Mr. Gerald Le Valley - Sumner County Agricultural Extension Agent Mr. Glen Brunkow - Harper County Extension Agent Mr. Arlen Suderman - Sedgwick County Extension Agent Mr. Fred Delano - Administrator of Farm Management Association Program, Kansas State University Panel Participants Mr. Robert White Mr. Joe Allen Mr. Nick Steffen Mr. Tim Turek Mr. Donald Applegate Mr. David Messengerr Colorado Facilitators Mr. Don Nitchie - Director, Farm Mgmt/Marketing, Colorado State University Cooperative Extension Dr. Paul H. Gutierrez - Associate Professor, Colorado State University Panel Participants Mr. Terry Kuntz Mr. John Hickert Mr. Calvin Schaffert Mr. Marlin E. Snyder Mr. John Wright Mr. Bill Rodwell Mr. Cliff Fletcher Mr. Gerry Ohr Mr. David Foy Mr. Rick Lewton Mr. Leland Willeke
69 WHEAT FARMS CONTINUED Northwestern Kansas Facilitators Mr. Rich Wahl - Extension Agricultural Economist, Farm Management Assoc., Kansas State University Mr. Scott Docken - Extension Agricultural Economist, Farm Management Association, KSU Mr. Mark Wood - Extension Agricultural Economist, Farm Management Association, KSU Mr. Dan Obrien - Extension Agricultural Economist, Farm Management Association, KSU Mr. Fred Delano - Administrator of Farm Management Association Program, Kansas State University Panel Participants Mr. Harold Mizell Mr. Gerald Huessman Mr. Brian Laufer Mr. Steve Schertz Mr. Lee Jueneman Mr. Dennis Franklin Mr. Lance Leebrick Mr. Rich Calliham Mr. Lyman Goetsch Mr. Vernon Akers
70 COTTON FARMS California Facilitator Mr. Bruce A. Roberts - Kings County Director and Farm Advisor, University of California Cooperative Extension Panel Participants Mr. Mark Hansen Mr. Wayne Wisecarver Mr. Steve Boyett Mr. Craig Pedersen Mr. Ernie Taylor Mr. Dave Smith Mr. John Diener Mr. Bill Tos Mr. Jeff Hildebrand Mr. David Costa Texas - Southern High Plains Facilitators Mr. John Farris - Dawson County Agricultural Extension Agent Dr. Jackie Smith - Extension Economist - Management, Texas A&M University Panel Participants Mr. Nolan Vogler Mr. Donald Vogler Mr. Milton Schneider Mr. Kent Nix Mr. Dave Nix Mr. Mark Furlow Mr. Allan Gibson Mr. Norris Barron Mr. Glen Phipps Texas - Rolling Plains Facilitators Mr. Todd Vineyard - Ellis County Agricultural Extension Agent Mr. Stan Bevers - Extension Economist - Management, Texas A&M University Panel Participants Mr. Steve Blankenship Mr. Mark Lundgren Mr. James Seidenberger Mr. B.C. Spraberry Mr. Ronnie Richmond Mr. and Mrs. Darrell Richards Mr. Mike Gray Mr. David Cook Mr. Glen Gilbreath Mr. Ronnie Riddle Texas - Blacklands Facilitator Mr. Ronald Leps - Williamson County Agricultural Extension Agent Panel Participants Mr. Donald Stolte Mr. Bob Bartosh Mr. Herbert Raesz Mr. Lonny Rinderknecht Mr. Doug Schernik Texas - Coastal Bend Facilitators Dr. Rick Jahn - San Patricio-Aransas Counties Agricultural Extension Agent Dr. Larry Falconer - Extension Economist - Management, Texas A&M University Panel Participants Mr. Brad Bickham Mr. Darby Salge Mr. Clarence Chopelas Mr. Howard Salge
71 RICE FARMS Texas Facilitator Dr. Ed Rister - Professor, Texas A&M University Panel Participants Mr. W. A. “Billy” Hefner, III Mr. Andy Anderson Mr. Ronald Gertson Mr. Madison H. Smith Mr. Jim Wiese Mr. John Waligura Mr. Glen Rod Mr. Layton Raun Mr. Kenneth “Peter” Stelzel Mr. Jason Hlavinka Mr. Steve Balas California Facilitator Mr. Jack Williams - Farm Advisor, Sutter and Yuba Counties, University of California Cooperative Extension Panel Participants Mr. Bill Baggett Mr. Frank Rosa Mr. Jack DeWitt M r. Wayne Vineyard Mr. Don Staas Mr. Paul Lower Mr. Ned Lemenager Mr. Scott Tucker Missouri Facilitators Mr. Bruce Beck - Farmer's Agronomy Specialist, University of Missouri - Columbia Mr. David Reinbott - Farm Management Specialist, University of Missouri - Columbia Mr. Joe Trujillo-University of Missouri-Columbia Panel Participants Mr. Sonny Martin Mr. Fred Tanner Mr. Bruce Yarbro Mr. J. D. Sifford Mr. C. P. Johnson Mr. Mike Mick Mr. Davis Minton Mr. Rick Spargo Mr. Floyd Page Mr. Cloyce Sowell Mr. Dale Conner Louisiana Facilitators Mr. Eddie Eskew - County Agent, Louisiana Cooperative Extension Service Mr. Howard J. Cormier - County Agent, Louisiana Cooperative Extension Service Mr. Ronnie Levy - County Agent/Parrish Chairman, Louisiana Cooperative Extension Service Mr. D. L. Eugene (Gene) Johnson - Specialist in Marketing, Louisiana Cooperative Extension Service, Natural Resources and Economic Development Panel Participants Mr. Alden Horten Mr. Brian Wild Mr. Tommy Faulk Mr. Allan McLain Mr. Jackie Loewes
72 DAIRY FARMS California Facilitator Mr. Jack Prince - President, Dairyman's Cooperative Creamery Assoc. Panel Participants Mr. Dave Rebeiro Mr. Phillip Rebeiro Mr. Bill Van Beek Mr. Bob Wilbur New Mexico Facilitator Dr. Robert Schwart - Professor and Extension Economist, Texas A&M University Panel Participants Mr. Brad Bouma Mr. Mike McClosky Mr. Joe Gonzalez Mr. Von Hilburn Mr. Tony Bos Mr. Dean Harton Mr. Mark Reischman Washington Facilitator Mr. David C. Grusenmeyer - Professor and Extension Dairy Specialist, Washington State University Panel Participants Mrs. Star Hovander Mr. Ron Bronsema Mr. Keith Boon Mr. Jim Heeringa Mr. Rod DeJong Mr. & Mrs. Pete DeJager Mr. Dick Bengen Mr. Greg McKay Mr. Ed Pomeroy Mr. Dave Buys Idaho Facilitator Mr. Dean Falk - Extension Dairy Specialist, University of Idaho Dr. Wilson Grey - Farm Management Specialist - University of Idaho Panel Participants Mr. & Mrs. Martin Lee Mr. Harry Hogland Mr. Michael Quesnell Mr. Greg Ledbetter Mr. Bill Stouder Mr. Rick Thompson Mr. John Beukers Mr. Jack Van Beek Mr. Adrian Boer Mr. Reagon Hatch Mr. Alan Gerratt Mr. Hank Hafliger Mr. Randy Tolman Texas - Central Facilitator Mr. Joe Pope - Erath County Agricultural Extension Agent Panel Participants Mr. Lane Jones Mr. Robert Ervin Mr. Leonard Moncrief Mr. Bob Strona Mr. Jack Parks Mr. Jake Van Vliet Mr. Owen Sieperda Mr. Brian Parish
73 DAIRY FARMS CONTINUED Texas - Eastern Facilitator Mr. Dale Haygood - Zone Manager, Associated Milk Producers, Inc. Panel Participants Mr. George Tenberg Mr. Michael Mund Mr. Greg Inman Mr. Hershel Kelsoe Mr. Tim Spiva Mr. Larry Ellison Mr. Harold Bryant Mr. W.D. Wafford Mr. Timothy Norris Missouri Facilitator Mr. Ron Young - Christian County Extension Dairy Specialist, Retired Panel Participants Mr. John Mallonee Mr. Allen Sulgrove Mr. & Mrs. Doug Owen Mr. Dan Clemens Mr. & Mrs. Freddie Martin Mr. John Atkinson Mr. Wayne Whitehead Mr. Joe Peebles Mr. Larry Winfree Michigan Facilitator Mr. Mike McFadden - Extension Dairy Agent - Michigan State University Dr. Craig Thomas - Extension Dairy Agent - Michigan State University Extension Mr. Wes Lane - Director- Communications Division - Dairy Farmers of Ontario Dr. Sherrill Nott - Farm Management Specialist - Michigan State University Panel Participants Mr. Tom Fox Mr. Ron McDonald Mr. Keith Moeggenberg Mr. Bryan Neyer Mr. Bob Pasch Mr. Jerry Varner Mr. Jim Wilson Mr. Mike Fagan Mr. & Mrs. Don Hopper Mr. Jim Reid Mr. Jason Shinn Mr. Duane Stuever Florida Facilitators Mr. Chris Vann - Lafayette County Agricultural Extension Agent Mr. Art Darling - Dairy Farms, Inc. Panel Participants Mr. Keith Rucks Mr. Brad Hester Mr. Louis Shiver Mr. Kevin Jackson Mr. Bill Shaw Mr. Boyd Rucks Mr. Edward Thomas Mr. Everett Kerby Mr. Glynn Rutledge Mr. Tommy Rucks Mr. Rodney Land Georgia Facilitator Mr. Bill Thomas - Professor and Extension Economist, University of Georgia Panel Participants Mr. Carlton McMichael Mr. Lamar Anthony Mr. Mike Rainey Mr. Earnest Turk Mr. Ronny Parham Mr. Raymond Hunter Mr. Bill Boyce Mr. Tom Thompson Mr. Bernard Sims Mr. Henry Cabaniss Mr. Terry Embry Mr. Tim Camp
74 DAIRY FARMS CONTINUED Wisconsin Facilitator Mr. Jeff Key - Winnebago County Agricultural Extension Agent Panel Participants Mr. David Allen Mr. Joe Bonlender Mr. Larry Engel Mr. Glenn Armstrong Mr. Ronald Miller Mr. Doug Hodorff Mr. Pete Knigge Mr. Fred Kasten Mr. Edwin Davis Mr. Jerome Schmidt Mr. Dean Hughes Mr. Carl Theonis Mr. Jeff Bradley Mr. Mike Bradley Mr. Pat Brennand Mr. Ben Hughes Mr. Jeff Meulmans Mr. Bob Staudinger New York - Western Facilitator Mr. Jason Karszes - Cornell Cooperative Extension Service Panel Participants Mr. Gary Van Slyke Mr. Dick Popp Mr. Willard DeGolyer Mr. Bill Fitch Mr. George Mueller Mr. John Emerling Mr. Peter Dueppengiesser Mr. Kent Miller Mr. John Mueller New York - Central Facilitator Dr. Wayne Knoblauch - Professor, Cornell University Panel Participants Mr. Gary Mutchler Mr. Ron Space, Jr. Mr. Bill Head Mr. Mike Learn Mr. David Shurtleff Mr. Dale Van Erden Mr. & Mrs. Tom Brown Vermont Facilitator Dr. Rick Wackernagel - Professor, University of Vermont Panel Participants Mr. Steve Hurd Mr. Kim Harvey Mr. Hank Nop Mr. Everett Maynard Mr. Steve Ovellette Mr. Stanley Scribner Mr. Ted Foster Mr. Roger Rainville Mr. Reg Chaput Mr. Paul Gingue Mr. Onan Whitcomb Ms. Sally Goodrich Mr. Mark Rodgers
75 BEEF PRODUCERS Montana Facilitators Mr. Olaf Sherwood - Custer County Agricultural Extension Agent Dr. Alan Baquet - Farm Management Specialist, Montana State University Panel Participants Mr. Dee Murray Mr. Donald Ochsner Mr. Jean Robinson Mr. Art Drange Colorado Facilitator Mr. C.J. Mucklow - Routt County Agricultural Extension Agent Panel Participants Mr. Doug Carlson Mr. Dean Rossi Mr. Charlie Cammer Mr. Wayne Shoemaker Mr. Jay Fetcher Mr. Larry Monger Mr. Pud Stetson Mr. Jim Rossi Wyoming Facilitators Mr. Jim Gill, County Extension Agent, Washakie County Dr. Larry Van Tassell - University of Wyoming Panel Participants Mr. Bill Greer Mr. Gary Rice Mr. Ray Rice Mr. Jim Foreman
76 HOG FARMS
Illinois Facilitator Mr. Don Teel - Retired Knox County Agricultural Extension Agent Panel Participants Mr. David Hawkinson Mr. Sterling Saline Mr. Kevin Maine Mr. Steve Maine Mr. Dale Carlson Mr. Don Erickson Mr. David Bowman Mr. Lance Humphreys Mr. Mike Hennenfent Mr. Bob Hennenfent Mr. John Gustafson Dr. Donald G. Reeder Indiana Facilitator Mr. Steve Nichols - Carroll County Agricultural Extension Agent Dr. Chril Hurt - Extension Farm Management Specialist - Purdue University Panel Participants Mr. Rick Brown Mr. Levi Huffman Mr. Larry Trapp Mr. Brad Burton Mr. Sam Zook Mr. Trent Odell Mr. Bill Pickart Mr. Mark Martin Missouri Facilitator Mr. Parman Green - Farm Management Specialist, University of Missouri - Columbia Panel Participants Mr. Larry Charles Mr. R. David Hemme Mr. Dale Miles Mr. Gary L. Sanders Mr. Vernon Thoeni Mr. Robert S. Mayden Mr. John Vogelsmeier Mr. Matt Reichert Mr. Herbert Kiehl Mr. Richard Clemens Mr. Paul Benedict North Carolina Facilitators Mr. Mike Regans - Wayne County Agricultural Extension Agent Dr. Kelly Zering - Associate Professor and Extension Specialist, North Carolina State University Mr. Jeff Chandler - Wayne County Agricultural Extension Agent Panel Participants Mr. Ben Outlaw Mr. Frankie Warren Mr. David Harrell Overman Mr. Jeff Hansen Mr. Charlie McClenny Mr. John Dawson Mr. Ronald Parks Mr. R.H. Mohesky Mr. David Sanderson
