Review of the Australian wolf spider genus Venator ...

Zootaxa 4013 (4): 541–555 www.mapress.com /zootaxa / Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press

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http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4013.4.5 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F8E5FD46-9C11-4B26-B16A-9848B288C5AB

Review of the Australian wolf spider genus Venator (Araneae, Lycosidae) VOLKER W. FRAMENAU1,2,3 1

Phoenix Environmental Sciences, 1/511 Wanneroo Road, Balcatta, Western Australia 6021, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] 2 School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia 3 Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag 49, Welshpool DC, Western Australia 6986, Australia

Abstract Species of the Australian wolf spider genus Venator are reviewed including the type species, V. spenceri Hogg, 1900, from south-eastern Australia and V. immansuetus (Simon, 1909) comb. nov., a common species in south-west Western Australia. Venator marginatus Hogg, 1900 is only known from two female specimens and the genital morphology of this species does not conform to the diagnosis of genus as presented here. Therefore V. marginatus is considered incerta sedis. Venator includes medium-sized (9.0–22 mm body length) wolf spiders of overall brownish colouration, and with a black patch covering the anterior three quarters of the venter. They differ from all other wolf spiders in particular by genitalic characters, namely an elevated atrium of the female epigyne that forms a raised edged against the inverted T-shaped median septum. This edge often corresponds to a retrolateral incision on the tegular apophysis of the male pedipalp. The genus is mainly a representative of the Bassian fauna of the Australian continent where it occurs predominantly in dry sclerophyll forests. Key words: taxonomy, Lycosinae, incerta sedis, Bassian fauna

Introduction The Australian wolf spider genus Venator Hogg, 1900 was initially established based on somatic characters, i.e. relative lengths of leg segments and the three similar-sized retromarginal cheliceral teeth (Hogg 1900). One of the three species originally included in the genus, Venator fuscus Hogg, 1900, was later recognised as junior synonym of the type species of Venatrix Roewer, 1960, V. funesta (C.L. Koch, 1847) (Framenau & Vink 2001). Hence, two species are currently listed for Venator, the type species V. spenceri Hogg, 1900 and V. marginatus Hogg, 1900 (World Spider Catalog 2015). Five years after the description of the genus, Hogg (1905) realised that the characters he used to define Venator did not appropriately reflect relationships within the Lycosidae Sundevall, 1833 when he elaborated (p. 570): “However, the more specimens I examine the more the only tangible characteristics show themselves to be interchanged, and I look at these two genera [Venator, Pardosa C.L. Koch, 1847] no more distinctly definable than M. Simon’s above mentioned other varieties of Lycosa”. As Hogg (1905) already realised, somatic characters, such as eye pattern, relative length of leg segments and cheliceral dentition have long been shown of limited value in lycosid systematic research, with genital morphology shown to much better reflect systematic relationships. Since Dondale’s (1986) seminal study on wolf spider subfamilies based on male genital morphology, some progress has been made to resolve the higher level relationships of wolf spiders, mainly based on molecular datasets (Vink & Paterson 2003; Murphy et al. 2006; Park et al. 2007). It still remains difficult, however, to place a number of genera in the currently established subfamily framework based on morphological data (e.g. Piacentini, 2011, 2014). The taxonomy of the Australian wolf spider fauna has made some major progress over the last decade. Representatives of four subfamilies are currently recognised, the Zoicinae Lehtinen & Hippa, 1979, Artoriinae Framenau, 2007, Venoniinae Lehtinen & Hippa, 1979 and Lycosinae Sundevall, 1833 (Framenau 2007). Venator is a member of the Lycosinae as diagnosed by Dondale (1986) due to the retrolaterally directed tegular apophysis that

Accepted by C. Vink: 13 Aug. 2015; published: 10 Sept. 2015

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has a dorsal channel to guide the embolus. In a recent description of a new lycosine genus from Australia, Costacosa Framenau & Leung, 2013, the authors provided basic diagnoses of Australian lycosine genera to appropriately delimit the new genus (Framenau & Leung 2013); however, detailed reviews or revisions of some of these genera have not been published, including two of the earliest currently valid genera from the Australian continent, Venator and Tasmanicosa Roewer, 1959. The main aim of this study is to diagnose the genus Venator with modern taxonomic methods based on genital morphology and transfer one of the two currently described species to the genus. This study will therefore allow future taxonomic scholars to place new Australian wolf spider species into Venator, of which up to an estimated ten undescribed species may occur (V.W. Framenau, unpublished data).

Methods This review of Venator is based on an exhaustive examination of all major Australian museum collections that resulted in a database of more than 20,000 records of Australian wolf spiders (more than 40,000 specimens examined). Descriptions are based on specimens preserved in 70% EtOH. Female internal genitalia were prepared for examination by submersion in 10% KOH overnight. Digital images were taken using a Leica DFC 295 digital camera attached to a Leica M205C stereo microscope. To increase depth of field, up to 20 images were merged using the software package Leica Application Suite 3.7.0. All measurements are in millimetres (mm). Morphological nomenclature follows Framenau & Baehr (2007) and Langlands & Framenau (2010). Abbreviations Eyes: anterior (AE), anterior median (AME), anterior lateral (ALE), posterior (PE), posterior median (PME), posterior lateral (PLE). Measurements (adult spiders, if not otherwise stated): total length (TL), carapace length (CL) and width (CW), abdomen length (AL) and width (AW). Collections: Australian Museum, Sydney (AM); Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra (ANIC); Natural History Museum, London (UK) (BMNH); Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris (France) (MNHP); Museum Victoria, Melbourne (NMV); Phoenix Environmental Sciences, Balcatta (PES); Queensland Museum, Brisbane (QM); South Australian Museum, Adelaide (SAM); Western Australian Museum, Perth (WAM); Museum für Naturkunde, Zentralinstitut der Humboldt-Universität, Berlin (ZMB); Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen (ZMUC).

Taxonomy Family Lycosidae Sundevall, 1833 Subfamily Lycosinae Sundevall, 1833 Genus Venator Hogg, 1900 Venator Hogg, 1900: 115.

Type species. Venator spenceri Hogg, 1900: 115 (by original designation). The gender is masculine (Venator— hunter, Latin). Diagnosis. Somatic characters such as size and colouration place Venator close to Knoelle Framenau, 2006 and Costacosa; however, females differ by a raised epigynal atrium that forms an edge against the median septum (Figs 3E, 3G, 5E), which corresponds to a retrolateral incision in the tegular apophysis of the male pedipalp in most species (Fig. 3C) (but not V. immansuetus (Simon, 1909) comb. nov.; Fig. 5C). Together with the typical somatic colouration of spiders in the genus, in particular the black shield covering approximately three quarters of the venter (Figs 2B, 2D, 4B, 4D), these characters are not known to occur in any other wolf spider genus in Australia or world-wide.

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Generic description. Small to large wolf spiders (TL 9.0–22.0 mm). Males slightly smaller than females. Carapace longer than wide, dorsal profile straight in lateral view in smaller species. Carapace colouration brown to dark brown with darker radial pattern and light median band and head region and irregular light lateral bands. Abdomen dorsally with median chevron-pattern, ventrally light brown with black anterior patch covering about three quarters of venter. AME larger than ALE, row of AE slightly procurved. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth with the median largest and three retromarginal teeth with the apical smallest. Leg formula IV > I > II > III. Tegulum of male pedipalp undivided; tegular apophysis with distinct, ventral spur and retrolaterally incised (Fig. 3C) (not in V. immansuetus comb. nov.) (Fig. 5C). Embolus originating prolaterally on palea and curving ventrally around it, long and slender. Terminal apophysis and pars pendula sickle-shaped (Figs 3D, 5D). Female epigyne with inverted T-shaped median septum, longer than wide, atrium elevated, forming distinct edge against median septum (Figs 3E, 5E); spermathecal heads spherical; spermathecal stalks slightly bent or straight (Figs 3F, 5F). Included species. Venator spenceri, V. immansuetus comb. nov. Remarks. Venator marginatus is considered incerta sedis as the genital morphology of the female does not correspond to the genus diagnosis and description provided here (Fig. 6).

FIGURE 1A–C. Life images of Venator. A, Venator spenceri, female from Mildura, Victoria (WAM T68035); B, Venator immansuetus, male from near Collie, Western Australia (WAM T60075); C, Venator immansuetus, female from Gwambygine Pool Reserve, Western Australia (WAM T98923).

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Venator spenceri Hogg, 1900 (Figs 1A, 2A–D, 3A–G, 7) Venator spenceri Hogg 1900: 116–118, plate 17, figs 2, 4A–E.—Rainbow 1911: 274; Roewer 1955: 307; Roewer 1960: 780; McKay 1973: 381; McKay 1985: 87. Lycosa clara ? L. Koch. 1877.—Hogg 1905: 590 (misidentification; McKay 1979: 252).

Material examined. Holotype. Female, Macedon [37°25’S, 144°34’E, Victoria] (BMNH 1907.2.24.6). Other material examined. 191 records (110 males, 178 females) (Appendix A). Diagnosis. Male V. spenceri differ from V. immansuetus comb. nov. by the presence of a retrolateral incision of the tegular apophysis. The edge of the epigyne atrium towards the medium septum is smooth in female V. spenceri, whereas it is irregular in V. immansuetus comb. nov. Description. Male (based on WAM T53755 from Adelaide, South Australia): Carapace. Brown; distinct dark radial pattern; light brown median band; irregular light brown submarginal bands (Fig. 2A); brown setae, but white setae in median and submarginal bands and in eye region. Eyes. Row of anterior eyes slightly procurved and narrower than row of PME. Sternum. Black; black setae, which are denser and longer towards margins (Fig. 2B). Labium. Very dark brown; front end truncated and white. Chelicerae. Very dark reddish-brown; covered with white setae and silvery macrosetae basally; three promarginal teeth, the median largest; three retromarginal teeth with the basally smallest. Pedipalp (Figs 3A–D). Cymbium with ca. 5 macrosetae; tegular apophysis retrolaterally incised (Fig. 3C); embolus and pars pendula slender and sickle-shaped, terminal apophysis very broad through apical lamella (Fig. 3D). Abdomen. Olive-brown with broad light median band that incorporates chevron pattern (Fig. 2A). Venter yellow-brown with large black patch covering ca. three quarters behind epigastric furrow (Fig. 2B). Spinnerets light brown. Legs. Leg formula IV > I > II > III; light brown, with irregular darker pigmentation; coxae ventrally partially blackened with intensity decreasing from leg I to IV; dense scopulate setae ventrally on tarsi and metatarsi of leg I and II. Spination of leg I: femur: 3 dorsal, 3 retrolateral, 2 apicoprolateral; patella: 1 prolateral, 1 retrolateral; tibia: 3 ventral pairs, 2 prolateral, 2 retrolateral; metatarsus: 3 ventral pairs, 3 prolateral, 3 retrolateral, 1 apicoventral.

FIGURE 2A–D. Venator spenceri Hogg. A, B, male from Adelaide, South Australia (WAM T53755) in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) view. C, D, female from Adelaide, South Australia (WAM T64071) in dorsal (D) and ventral (D) view. Body length: A, B, 10.85 mm; C, D, 17.80 mm.

Female (based on WAM T64071 from Adelaide, South Australia): Carapace. As male but faint light radial pattern present (Figs 1A, 2C). Labium, sternum, chelicerae. As male (Fig. 2D). Abdomen. As male, mottled pattern darker and heart mark less distinct (Fig. 2C). Venter and spinnerets as male (Fig. 2D). Epigyne. Median septum


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inverted T-shaped, atrium elevated with smooth edge towards median septum (Figs 3E, G); spermathecal heads spherical, much wider than spermathecal stalks, spermathecal stalks slightly bent (Fig. 3F). Legs. Leg formula IV > I > II > III; colouration as male; dense scopulate setae on tarsi and metatarsi of all legs and apical half of tibiae I. Spination of leg I: Femur: 2 dorsal, 2 retrolateral, 1 apicoprolateral; patella: 1 prolateral; tibia: 3 ventral pairs, 2 prolateral; metatarsus: 3 ventral pairs, 1 apicoventral.

FIGURE 3A–G. Venator spenceri Hogg. A–D, male from Adelaide, South Australia (WAM T53755); A, B, left pedipalp in ventral (A) and retrolateral (B) view; C, tegular apophysis, ventral view; D, palea, ventral view. E–F, female from Adelaide, South Australia (WAM T64071); epigyne in ventral (E) and dorsal (F) view. G, female holotype from Macedon, Victoria (BMNH 1907.2.24.6), epigyne in ventral view. Scale: A, B, pedipalp length 1.89 mm; E, F, epigyne length 0.85 mm.

Measurements. Male WAM T53755 (female WAM T64071): TL 10.85 (17.80), CL 6.01 (8.32), CW 4.84 (6.21). Eyes: AME 0.32 (0.42), ALE 0.20 (0.35), PME 0.65 (0.91), PLE 0.56 (0.75). Row of eyes: ALE 1.28 (1.76), PME 1.54 (2.12), PLE 1.89 (2.68). Sternum (length/width) 2.63/2.38 (3.10/2.89). Labium (length/width) 0.86/0.81 (1.25/1.19). AL 5.40 (10.31), AW 3.60 (7.02). Legs: Lengths of segments (femur + patella/tibia +metatarsus + tarsus = total length): Pedipalp 1.89 + 1.70 + - + 1.45 = 5.04, I 5.52 + 6.76 +4.95 + 2.72 = 19.95, II 5.29 + 6.48 + 4.82 + 2.63 = 19.22, III 4.75 + 5.41 + 4.85 + 2.53 = 17.54, IV 6.29 + 7.06 + 5.74 + 3.36 = 22.45 (Pedipalp 2.69 + 3.41 + - + 2.12 = 8.22, I 5.75 + 6.76 + 3.94 + 2.42 = 18.87, II 5.14 + 6.30 + 3.86 + 2.40 = 17.70, III 4.78 + 5.78 + 4.10 + 2.47 = 17.13, IV 6.20 + 7.00 + 5.66 + 2.65 = 21.51). Variation. Males (females) TL 9.50–12.25; n = 11 (TL 14.85–21.70; n = 8).

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Remarks. Hogg (1905) reported “Lycosa clara ? L. Koch, 1877” from Goolwa in South Australia, but McKay (1979, p. 252) corrected this identification to V. spenceri. I examined the respective specimens, four females lodged in the SAM (NN453–6), and they are V. spenceri and not Knoelle clara (L. Koch, 1877), which represents a monotypic genus from northern Australia (Framenau 2006). Data on specimen labels suggest a habitat preference for dry sclerophyll forests, including those of Black Box (Eucalyptus largiflorens), Box-Ironbark (Eucalypts spp), Cypress Pine (Callitris spp.), River Red Gum (E. camaldulensis) and Coolibah (E. microtheca). It is not uncommon to find wandering male V. spenceri in houses near or in these forests. Phenological data can be derived from the analysis of 191 records of the material examined (110 male, 179 females). Highest reproductive activity documented by largest capture rates, in particular of males, are March to May with a peak in April. The hottest (January, February) and colder months (June–October) see little activity; males have not been found at all in January and February. This suggests a similar phenology as for V. immansuetus comb. nov., a species of which the life history was studied in detail (Lane 1965) (see below). Distribution. South-eastern Australia, from southern Queensland into South Australia, absent in Tasmania (Fig. 7).

Venator immansuetus (Simon, 1909) comb. nov. (Figs 1B, C, 4A–D, 5A–F, 7) Lycosa immansueta Simon, 1909: 183, fig. 1.—McKay 1973: 379; McKay 1985: 78; Moritz 1992: 315. Lycosa immanseuta Simon.—Rainbow 1911: 268 (misspelled). Lycosa (?) immansueta Simon.—Rainbow 1915: 787. Hogna immansueta (Simon).—Roewer 1955: 253.

Material examined. Syntypes. Male, Wooroloo [31°48’S, 116°18’E, Western Australia], W. Michaelsen, R. Hartmeyer, 'Hamburger südwest-australische Forschungsreise', Station 98, 29 May 1905 (ZMB 11075); female, Cannington [32°01’S, 115°56’E, Western Australia], W. Michaelsen, R. Hartmeyer, 'Hamburger südwestaustralische Forschungsreise', Station 123, 28 June 1905 (MHNP 24362). Other material examined. 419 records (400 males, 377 females) (Appendix B). Etymology. The specific epithet, immansuetus, is a Latin adjective in apposition meaning ‘savage, rough’ and therefore is here adjusted to the masculine gender of the genus-group name, Venator. Diagnosis. Male V. immansuetus comb. nov. lack the retrolateral incision on the tegular apophysis, which is present in V. spenceri. The edge of the epigynal atrium towards the medium septum is irregular in female V. immansuetus comb. nov., whereas it is smooth in V. spenceri. Description. Male (based on PES 16805 from Hovea, Western Australia). Carapace. Dark brown; faint dark radial pattern; light brown median band widening into whole eye region; irregular light brown marginal bands (Figs 1B, 4A); brown setae, but white setae in median and marginal bands and in eye region. Eyes. Row of anterior eyes slightly procurved and narrower than row of PME. Sternum. Black; black setae, which are denser and longer towards margins (Fig. 4B). Labium. Black; front end truncated and white. Chelicerae. Very dark reddish-brown; covered with white setae and silvery macrosetae basally; three promarginal teeth, the median largest; three retromarginal teeth with the basally smallest. Pedipalp (Figs 5A–D). Cymbium with ca. 3–5 macrosetae; retrolateral tip of tegular apophysis pointing basally (Fig. 5C); embolus and pars pendula slender and sickleshaped, terminal apophysis apically twisted (Fig. 5D). Abdomen. Olive-brown medially lighter and with chevron pattern (Figs 1B, 4A). Venter yellow-brown with large black patch covering ca. three quarters behind epigastric furrow (Fig. 4B). Spinnerets olive-brown. Legs. Leg formula IV > I > II > III; light brown, with irregular darker pigmentation; coxae ventrally partially blackened with intensity decreasing from leg I to IV; dense scopulate setae ventrally on tarsi and metatarsi of leg I and II. Spination of leg I: femur: 3 dorsal, 3 retrolateral, 2 apicoprolateral; patella: 1 prolateral; tibia: 1 dorsal, 3 ventral pairs, 2 prolateral, 2 retrolateral; metatarsus: 3 ventral pairs, 2 prolateral, 2 retrolateral, 1 apicoprolateral, 1 apicoretrolateral, 1 apicoventral. Female (based on PES 3664 from Bibra Lake, Western Australia): Carapace. As male but overall lighter (Figs 1C, 4C). Labium, sternum, chelicerae. As male (Fig. 4D). Abdomen. As male, heart mark less distinct (Figs 1C, 4C). Venter and spinnerets as male (Fig. 4D). Epigyne. Median septum inverted T-shaped, atrium elevated irregular


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edge towards median septum (Fig. 4E); spermathecal heads spherical, much wider than spermathecal stalks, spermathecal stalks straight with posterior kink inwards (Fig. 4F). Legs. Leg formula IV > I > II > III; colouration as male; dense scopulate setae on tarsi and metatarsi of all legs and apical half of tibiae I. Spination of leg I: Femur: 3 dorsal, 3 retrolateral, 2 apicoprolateral; patella: 1 prolateral; tibia: 3 ventral pairs, 2 prolateral, 1 retrolateral; metatarsus: 2 ventral pairs, 1 prolateral, 1 apicoventral. Measurements. Male PES 16805 (female PES 3664): TL 10.83 (11.24), CL 6.02 (5.62), CW 4.66 (4.23). Eyes: AME 0.32 (0.29), ALE 0.19 (0.25), PME 0.62 (0.63), PLE 0.49 (0.47). Row of eyes: ALE 1.23 (1.20), PME 1.47 (1.46), PLE 1.82 (1.83). Sternum (length/width) 2.52/2.28 (2.60/2.20). Labium (length/width) 0.78/0.74 (0.85/ 0.78). AL 5.23 (6.03), AW 3.53 (4.54). Legs: Lengths of segments (femur + patella/tibia +metatarsus + tarsus = total length): Pedipalp 1.84 + 1.65 + - + 1.45 = 4.94, I 3.64 + 4.92 +3.28 + 1.72 = 13.56, II 3.44 + 4.41 + 3.30 + 1.71 = 12.86, III 3.17 + 3.67 + 3.17 + 1.66 = 11.67, IV 4.15 + 4.95 + 4.47 + 2.19 = 11.67 (Pedipalp 1.81 + 2.39 + + 1.78 = 5.98, I 4.27 + 4.91 + 3.17 + 1.83 = 14.18, II 3.94 + 4.55 + 2.95 + 1.78 = 13.22, III 3.54 + 4.10 + 3.21 + 1.84 = 12.69, IV 4.56 + 5.57 + 4.55 + 2.37 = 17.05). Variation. Males (females) TL 8.55–12.00; n = 8 (TL 11.20–18.65; n = 11).

FIGURE 4A–D. Venator immansuetus Simon, comb. nov. A, B, male from Hovea, Western Australia (PES 16805) in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) view. C, D, female from Bibra Lake, Western Australia (PES 3664) in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) view. Body length: A, B, 10.83 mm; C, D, 11.24 mm.

Remarks. Collection data based on the analysis of 419 records (total of 400 mature males and 377 mature females) shows almost no records of mature males in January and February, but their reproductive activity appears to then increase until it reaches a peak in May. Males are then little active over the coldest months but can then be seen in somewhat median abundance in October and November. Females follow a similar activity pattern. Only a single female with eggsac was found in December and females with juveniles on their back from October to December. This life cycle confirms a population study on V. immansuetus comb. nov. on the Swan Coastal Plain by Lane (1965), who adds that females quickly die after reproduction by end of December. Very small juveniles spend the summer months in lidded burrows and rapidly mature by about April (Lane 1965). In addition to this common phenology of spiders that mature, breed and die within one year, there are cohorts that either take two years to mature or which mature in the first season, but do apparently not breed but mate concurrently with the offspring of their siblings (Lane 1965). The eggsac of females contained between 112 and 238 eggs, with an average of 162. Habitat data appear to show a comparatively wide tolerance for V. immansuetus comb. nov. Spiders generally appear to prefer native woodland under dense canopy and new leaf litter or dead, flattened annual herbs. No burrows were detected in bare open areas (Lane 1965). Tolerance for a wide range of soil types is evident and the species is now also common on well-watered and drained suburban lawns and parks (Lane 1965; V.W. Framenau, REVIEW OF VENATOR


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unpublished data). The species can be found in summer-dry swamps or wetlands, and moves to higher grounds when these habitats become inundated (Lane 1965). Venator immansuetus comb. nov. constructs two types of burrows, one is goblet-shaped with an extended chamber under a narrow shaft and the other is a vertical shaft burrow. Both are generally closed with a flimsy lid with the upper surface decorated with sand and organic matter (Lane 1965). Home ranges of individuals are between 0.26 and 0.42 square meters. In the field, animals have been active in summer in temperature from 34°C down to 8°C in winter. Feeding activity is mainly nocturnal (Lane 1965). Distribution. South-western Western Australia (Fig. 7).

FIGURE 5A–F. Venator immansuetus Simon, comb. nov. A–D, male from Hovea, Western Australia (PES 16805); A, B, left pedipalp in ventral (A) and retrolateral (B) view; C, tegular apophysis, ventral view; D, palea, ventral view. E–F, female from Bibra Lake, Western Australia (PES 3664); epigyne in ventral (E) and dorsal (F) view. A, B, pedipalp length 1.84 mm; E, F, epigyne length 0.73 mm.

Venator marginatus Hogg, 1900 incerta sedis (Fig. 6) Venator marginatus Hogg, 1900, 120–122, plate 17, fig. 4. Rainbow 1911: 274; Roewer 1955: 307; Roewer 1960: 780; McKay 1973: 381; McKay 1985: 87.

Material examined. Holotype. Female, Macedon [37°25’S, 144°34’E, Victoria] (BMNH 1907.2.24.7). Other material examined. New South Wales: 1 female, Llangothlin, near Guyra, 30°08’S, 151°41’E (AM KS85162). Remarks. Venator marginatus was included in the genus when it was originally established (Hogg 1900);


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however, somatic and genital morphology do not allow a placement in the genus as reviewed here. It is therefore considered incerta sedis. In more than 10 years of extensively collecting and studying Australian wolf spiders, I have only managed to examine two specimens of this species, the holotype and a second female from northern New South Wales (Fig. 7). The male remains unknown and therefore it is impossible to provide a generic placement for this species, in particular taking the still poor taxonomic resolution of Australian Lycosinae into account. However, an up-to-date illustration of the epigyne of the holotype is provided here (Fig. 6) to allow identification when further specimens of V. marginatus are collected. Colouration is similar to the species in Venator; however, genital morphology is unusual in that the epigyne is wider than long, although the median septum displays the overall common general inverted T-shape of females in the subfamily Lycosinae (Fig. 6).

FIGURE 6. Venator marginatus Hogg, female. Epigyne of holotype (BMNH 1907.2.24.7)

FIGURE 7. Distribution records of Venator. Venator spenceri Hogg (grey triangles), V. immansuetus Simon, comb.nov. (full circles), V. marginatus (full squares).

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Acknowledgements I am indebted to the curatorial staff of the following institutions for either loans of specimens or their hospitality during respective visits: Graham Milledge, Helen Smith (AM); Bruce Halliday (ANIC); Christine Rollard (MNHP); Peter Lillywhite, Ken Walker, Catriona McPhee (NMV); Robert Raven, Owen Seeman, Barbara Baehr (QM); David Hirst (SAM); Mark Harvey, Julianne Waldock (WAM); Jason Dunlop (ZMB); Nikolaj Scharff (ZMUC); Janet Beccaloni (BMNH). David Knowles of Spineless Wonders, was and is a never-ending source of life spiders for photography and provided the specimen for Fig. 1C. Shar Ramamurthy provided accommodation in Mildura, where the photograph of Fig. 1A was taken. Feedback by Cor Vink and Jung-Sun Yoo greatly improved the quality of this manuscript.

References Dondale, C.D. (1986) The subfamilies of wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae). Actas X Congreso Internacional de Aracnología, Jaca, España, 1, 327–332. Framenau, V.W. (2006) Knoelle, a new monotypic wolf spider genus from Australia (Araneae: Lycosidae). Zootaxa, 1281, 55– 67. Framenau, V.W. (2007) Revision of the new Australian genus Artoriopsis in a new subfamily of wolf spiders, Artoriinae (Araneae: Lycosidae). Zootaxa, 1391, 1–34. Framenau, V.W. & Baehr, B.C. (2007) Revision of the Australian wolf spider genus Dingosa Roewer, 1955 (Araneae, Lycosidae, Lycosinae). Journal of Natural History, 41, 1603–1629. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930701475717 Framenau, V.W. & Leung, A.E. (2013) Costacosa, a new genus of wolf spider (Araneae, Lycosidae) from coastal north-west Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 83, 173–184. http://dx.doi.org/10.18195/issn.0313-122x.83.2013.173-184 Framenau, V.W. & Vink, C.J. (2001) Revision of the wolf spider genus Venatrix Roewer (Araneae: Lycosidae). Invertebrate Taxonomy, 15, 927–970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/IT01008 Hogg, H.R. (1900) A contribution to our knowledge of the spiders of Victoria; including some new species and genera. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 13, 68–123. Hogg, H.R. (1905) On some South Australian spiders of the family Lycosidae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society London, 1905, 569–590. Lane, W.J. (1965) The biology of, and ecological aspects of some Lycosa species. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Zoology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA. 186 pp. Langlands, P. & Framenau, V.W. (2010) Systematic revision of Hoggicosa Roewer, 1960, the Australian ‘bicolor’ group of wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 158, 83–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00545.x McKay, R.J. (1973) The wolf spiders of Australia (Araneae: Lycosidae): 1. The bicolor group. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 16, 375–398. McKay, R.J. (1979) The wolf spiders of Australia (Araneae: Lycosidae): 12. Descriptions of some Western Australian species. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 19, 241–275. McKay, R.J. (1985) Lycosidae. In: Walton, D.W. (Ed.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia 3. Arachnida, Mygalomorphae, Araneomorphae in Part, Pseudoscorpionida, Amblypygida, Palpigradi. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, pp. 73–88. Moritz, M. (1992) Die Typen der Arachniden-Sammlung des Zoologischen Museums Berlin. X. Araneae: Lycosidae. Mitteilungen des Zoologischen Museums Berlin, 68, 309–329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmnz.19920680213 Murphy, N.P., Framenau, V.W., Donnellan, S.C., Harvey, M.S., Park, Y.-C. & Austin, A.D. (2006) Phylogenetic reconstruction of the wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae) using sequences from the 12S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and NADH1 genes: implications for classification, biogeography, and the evolution of web building behaviour. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 38, 583–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2005.09.004 Park, Y.-C., Yoo, J.-S., Schwarz, M.P., Murphy, N.P. & Kim, J.-P. (2007) Molecular phylogeny of East Asian wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae) inferred from mitochondrial 12S ribosomal DNA. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 100, 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/0013-8746(2007)100[1:MPOEAW]2.0.CO;2 Piacentini, L.N. (2011) Three new species and new records in the wolf spider subfamily Sosippinae from Argentina (Araneae: Lycosidae). Zootaxa, 3018, 27–49.


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Piacentini, L.N. (2014) A taxonomic review of the wolf spider genus Agalenocosa Mello-Leitão (Araneae, Lycosidae). Zootaxa, 3790 (1), 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3790.1.1 Rainbow, W.J. (1911) A census of Australian Araneidae. Records of the Australian Museum, 9, 107–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.9.1911.928 Rainbow, W.J. (1915) Arachnida. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia, 39, 772–793. Roewer, C.F. (1955) Katalog der Araneae von 1758 bis 1940. Vol. 2a. Institut Royal de Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles, 932 pp. Roewer, C.F. (1960) Araneae Lycosaeformia II. (Lycosidae) (Fortsetzung und Schluss). Exploration du Parc National de l'Upemba - Mission G. F. de Witte, 55, 519–1040. Simon, E. (1909) Araneae, 2me partie. In: Michaelsen, W. & Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Die Fauna Südwest-Australiens. Ergebnisse der Hamburger südwest-australischen Forschungsreise 1905. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, pp. 155–212. Vink, C.J. & Paterson, A.M. (2003) Combined molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses of the New Zealand wolf spider genus Anoteropsis (Araneae: Lycosidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 28, 576–587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1055-7903(03)00219-7 World Spider Catalog (2015) World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern, Bern (Switzerland). Available from: http:// www.wsc.nmbe.ch/ (accessed 22 May 2015)

APPENDIX A. Non-type material examined of Venator spenceri Hogg. New South Wales: 1 female, `Calumet`, 26 mi NE of Binnaway, ca. 31º32’S, 149º27'E (AM KS86541); 1 female, Abedoar, Mungindi, 29º13'S, 148º53'E (AM KS2974); 1 female, Allambie Heights via Brookvale, Sydney, 33º46’S, 151º15'E (AM KS85537); 1 male, 3 km SE of Berrigan, 'Arbourfollie' farm, 35º40'54''S, 145º49'31''E (AM KS84408); 1 male, same locality (AM KS109641); 1 female, same locality (AM KS109640); 1 female, same locality (AM KS85039); 1 male, 11 km E of Berrigan, Berrigan State Forest, 35º41'18''S, 145º55'25''E (AM KS84561); 1 female, 19.5 km SE of Berrigan, 'Kilyana' Station, 35º47'10''S, 145º57'34''E (AM KS84877); 1 male, 21.5 km SE of Berrigan, 'Kilyana' Station, 35º48'00''S, 145º58'9''E (AM KS84837); 1 male, 19 km S of Berrigan, 'Womboyne' farm, 35º49'35''S, 145º47'03''E (AM KS84712); 4 males, 1 female, Boomi Nature Reserve, 2 km E of Boomi, 28º43'31''S, 149º36'14''E (AM KS76276); 1 male, same locality (AM KS76541); 1 male, 1 female, same locality (AM KS76541); 1 female, Byrock, 5 mi NW, 30º30'S, 146º14'E (AM KS86539); 1 female, Cawwell Station, 1 km along access treck, 29º03'51''S, 147º04'03''E (AM KS76540); 1 male, same locality (AM KS76544); 1 male, Coleambally Irrigation Area, 34º56'53''S, 146º02'43''E (AM KS68420); 1 male, Coleambally Irrigation Area, 34º45'00''S, 146º03'44''E (AM KS58287); 1 male, Coleambally Irrigation Area, 34º48'45''S, 145º52'48''E (AM KS68464); 1 male, Coleambally Irrigation Area, 34º47'50''S, 145º53'06''E (AM KS67661); 1 male, Coleambally Irrigation Area, 34º48'43''S, 145º52'32''E (AM KS67595); 1 female, Coleambally Irrigation Area, 34º54'27''S, 146º00'14''E (AM KS72650); 1 female, Conglomerate State Forest, 1.7 km NW along Murphy's Road from Madman’s Creek bridge, S side of ridge, 30º03'57''S, 153º05'58''E (AM KS39720); 1 female, Currawong, 33º36'S, 151º18'E (AM KS73161); 1 male, Currawong, 33º36'S, 151º18'E (AM KS73160); 1 female, Euglo State Forest, 33º29'S, 147º15'E (AM KS91367); 1 female, Euglo South State Forest, 33º28'23''S, 147º14'29''E (AM KS55128); 1 female, same locality (AM KS55125); 1 female, Euglo South State Forest, nearby, 33º25'22''S, 147º15'12''E (AM KS55132); 1 male, 2 juv., Finley, 35º39'S, 145º34'E (NMV K8230); 1 female, Griffith, ca. 10 km N, John's farm, 34º11'33''S, 146º03'54''E (WAM T73507); 2 females, Kuring-gai Chase National Park, Waratah Track, 33º38'16''S, 151º15'12''E (AM KS63287); 1 female, Linden, Blue Mountains, 33º42'S, 150º30'E (AM KS86538); 1 female, Malabar, 33º58'S, 151º15'E (AM KS17126); 1 female, Marthaguy Creek on Oxley Highway, 14 km W of Gilgandra, 31º40'44''S, 148º31'07''E (AM KS76543); 1 female, Mosman, 29º08'S, 151º42'E (AM KS86536); 2 females, same locality (AM KS91368); 1 male, 24 km NE of Mulwala, 'Cullen Hill' farm, 35º46'58''S, 146º03'12''E (AM KS84395); 1 male, 30.5 km NE of Mulwala, 'Fairfield' farm, 35º47'36''S, 146º14'46''E (AM KS84376); 1 male, same locality (AM KS85028); 1 female, 21.5 km N of Mulwala, 35º48'00''S, 146º02'49''E (AM KS84799); 1 male, 18.5 km NNW of Mulwala, 'Kinta' farm, 35º49'41''S, 145º58'13''E (AM KS84785); 1 male, same locality (AM KS84956); 1 female, 12 km NNW of Mulwala, 'Namron Park' farm, 35º53'01''S, 145º57'40''E (AM KS84385); 1 male, 26.5 km N of Mulwala, 'Savernake' Station, 35º45'08''S, 146º01'49''E (AM KS84520); 1 male, 28.5 km N of Mulwala, Savernake Hall, Sloane Reserve, 35º44'18''S, 146º02'54''E (AM KS84946); 1 male, 15.5 km N of Mulwala, Wahgunyah State Forest, 35º51'12''S, 145º59'05''E (AM KS84497); 1 male, same locality (AM KS84449); 1 male, 16.5 km N of Mulwala, Wahgunyah State Forest, 35º50'33''S, 145º59'26''E (AM KS84924); 1 female, Mungindi Road, 200 m E of, 3.3 km past turnoff to Abeddar Station, 29º11'20''S, 148º53'44''E (AM KS76546); 1 female, same locality (AM KS76545); 2 males, 1 female, same locality (AM KS76717); 2 males, same locality, 29º11'20''S, 148º53'44''E (AM KS76542); 1 female, Myall Lakes National Park, 32º30'26''S, 152º21'55''E (AM KS63923); 1 female, Myall Lakes National Park, 32º34'45''S, 152º12'17''E (AM KS63922); 1 female, Narrabeen, 33º42'S, 151º17'E (AM KS86540); 1 male, Pilliga region, `Buckulla`, 30º08'56''S, 148º53'49''E (AM KS80410); 1 female, Pilliga region, `Womba`, 30º24'22''S, 148º42'25''E (AM KS80373); 1 female, Royal National Park, 34º08'S, 151º04'E (AM KS73162); 1 female, Tambua Station, Cobar, 31º29'S, 145º50'E (AM KS86197); 1 female, Walbundrie, 35º41'S, 146º43'E (WAM T62679); 1 female, 2 juv., Watercourse Morree, no exact locality (AM KS86535); 1 female, Wollemi National Park, Newnes Campsite, 33º10'S, 150º15'E (AM KS50805); 1 female, Wyrrabalong National Park, 33º16'44''S, 151º32'51''E (AM KS64123); 1 female, Yengo National Park, near Finchley Trig, 32º59'S, 150º51'E (AM KS51250). Queensland: 1 female, Coolum, 26º32'S, 153º05'E (NMV

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551

K8108); 1 male, Cooparoo, 27º28'S, 153º02'E (AM KS86407). South Australia: 1 male, Adelaide, N of, 33º11'S, 139º00'E (WAM T53755); 15 females, 6 juv., Adelaide, N of, 33º11'S, 139º00'E (WAM T48115); 1 female, Adelaide, Pitchford's, 34º55'S, 138º36'E (WAM T64071); 1 male, Aldinga Scrub, 35º17'S, 138º27'E (SAM NN14890); 1 female, Arno Bay, 3–4 km SW, 33º54'S, 136º34'E (SAM NN14896); 1 male, Baratta, 5 km NW, 31º55'56''S, 139º05'35''E (SAM NN14955); 1 male, 1 female, Barmera, edge of Lake Bonney, near rifle range, 34º13'S, 140º26'E (SAM NN14857–8); 2 males, 2 females, Beautiful Valley Caravan Park, adjacent, near Wilmington, 32º39'S, 136º08'E (SAM NN14860-3); 5 males, 13 females, same locality (SAM NN14800-17); 1 female, Berri, Old Sturt turnoff, 34º17'S, 140º36'E (WAM T47751); 1 female, Blair Athol, Adelaide, 34º51'S, 138º35'E (SAM NN14849); 1 female, Box Flat, Ngarkat Conservation Park, 3º38'52''S, 140º22'55''E (SAM NN14938); 2 males, 1 female, Broughton, 36º10'S, 141º21'E (SAM NN17310-2); 1 female, Bunyeroo Creek, ABC Range, 31º24'S, 138º32'E (SAM NN14829); 1 male, Burnside, Adelaide, 34º56'S, 138º39'E (SAM NN14931); 1 male, Canegrass Station, 80 km N Morgan, 33º35'S, 140º00'E (SAM NN14825); 1 female, Casuarina Dam, Taylorville Station, 33º53'10''S, 140º18'32''E (SAM NN17056); 1 female, Coonalpyn, 3.5 km NE, 35º40'S, 139º52'E (SAM NN14944); 1 female, Coromandel Valley PO, 1 km SSW, 35º02'03''S, 138º38'13''E (SAM NN16427); 1 male, 1 female, Crystal Brook, 33º21'S, 138º12'E (SAM NN14788–9); 1 male, 1 female, same locality (SAM NN14818–9); 1 male, same locality (SAM NN14866); 2 males, same locality (SAM NN14864–5); 2 females, Crystal Brook, golf course, 33º21'S, 138º12'E (SAM NN14792–3); 1 female, 2 juv., Devils Peak, 1 km NW, 32º25'S, 137º59'E (SAM NN14843); 3 males, 3 females, Devils Peak, 1 mi W, 32º25'S, 137º59'E (SAM NN14830-5); 1 female, Devon Downs, 34º40'S, 139º36'E (SAM NN14796); 2 females, Doughboy Hill, nearby, 33º07'43''S, 139º00'26''E (WAM T48114); 1 male, 1 female, Douglas Scrub, near McLaren Vale, 35º12'S, 138º35'E (SAM NN14855–6); 1 male, same locality (SAM NN14930); 1 male, Gluepot Reserve, 33º45'43''S, 140º11'18''E (SAM no reg.); 1 male, Goolwa, 35º30'S, 138º56'E (SAM NN14889); 4 females, same locality (SAM NN453–6); 1 male, Greenacres, Adelaide34, 34º52'S, 138º37'E (SAM NN14887); 1 female, Greenock, 34º27'S, 138º55'E (SAM NN14848); 1 female, Gum Flat (near Ngarkat), 35º42'36''S, 140º06'07''E (SAM NN14939); 1 female, Gum Flat, 1 km SE, 35º42'36''S, 140º06'07''E (SAM NN14960); 1 male, Gum Lagoon Conservation Park, 36º17'S, 140º02'E (SAM NN14943); 2 males, Halletts Cove north, 35º04'S, 138º30'E (SAM NN149267); 1 male, Hambidge, 33º23'S, 135º57'E (SAM NN16998); 1 male, same locality (SAM NN16995); 1 female, Harriot Hill, 3 km NW, 35º12'31''S, 139º03'47''E (SAM NN14961); 1 female, Inman Valley, 4.5 km NNW, 35º27'23''S, 138º26'26''E (SAM NN16440); 1 male, James St, Payneham, Adelaide, 34º54'S, 138º38'E (SAM NN14881); 3 females, Jimmy's Well, Mt Rescue Conservation Park, 35º51'S, 140º18'E (SAM NN14946–8); 1 female, 2 juv., Kangaroo Island, 35º45'S, 137º37'E (SAM NN14891); 2 males, Kanyaka Creek, 6 mi S Wilson, 53 mi N Port Augusta, 32º02'S, 138º9'E (WAM 51488); 2 females, Karte Conservation Park, 35º07'03''S, 140º43'33''E (SAM NN21362–3); 1 male, Katarapko Island, 34º24'S, 140º33'E (ANIC); 1 male, same locality (ANIC); 1 female, Keilira Station, 13 km N, 36º37'S, 140º10'E (SAM NN14940); 1 male, Keilira telephone exchange, 12.2 km WSW, 36º43'48''S, 140º01'13''E (SAM NN16503); 1 female, Kimba, 33º11'S, 136º33'E (SAM NN14797); 1 female, Kimba, 33º08'S, 136º25'E (SAM NN14897); 2 females, Kirton Point, Port Lincoln, 34º43'S, 135º52'E (SAM NN14875–6); 2 females, Knob Beach/Cowell Caravan Park (near), 33º41'S, 136º55'E (SAM NN14836–7); 1 female, Largs North, Adelaide, 34º48'S, 138º29'E (SAM NN14882); 1 female, Loxton, 34º27'S, 140º34'E (SAM NN14925); 1 female, Loxton, 12 km S, 34º40'S, 140º34'E (SAM NN14845); 1 male, Magill, Adelaide, 34º54'S, 138º40'E (SAM NN14888); 2 females, Mambray Creek, 32º49'S, 137º58'E (SAM NN14877–8); 1 male, 1 juv., Mambray Creek National Park, Flinders Ranges, 32º51'S, 137º57'E (AM KS10250); 1 male, same locality (AM KS10238); 2 females, Melrose, 32º49'S, 138º11'E (SAM NN14790–1); 1 female, Melrose, 5–8 km N on road to Wilmington, 32º49'S, 138º11'E (SAM NN14842); 1 female, Meningie, 35º41'S, 139º20'E (SAM NN14893); 1 female, Mitcham, 34º58'S, 138º37'E (SAM NN14859); 1 male, Mount Compass, 22 km ESE, 35º25'39''S, 138º48'32''E (SAM NN15650); 1 male, Mount Compass, 8 km NNE, 35º16'53''S, 138º42'02''E (SAM NN14953); 1 male, Mt Benson telephone exchange, 21.8 km ENE, 36º57'17''S, 140º04'9''E (SAM); 1 male, Mt Remarkable, Flinders Road near Melrose, 32º50'S, 138º9'E (AM KS50895); 3 females, Mt Wedge summit, 1 km NW, 33º28'S, 135º08'E (SAM NN14872–4); 1 male, Nangkita, 35º20'12''S, 136º40'36''E (SAM NN21360); 1 female, Nappyalla, 35º20'S, 139º07'E (SAM NN14908); 1 male, same locality (SAM NN14909); 1 male, same locality (SAM NN14910); 1 male, same locality (SAM NN14787); 1 male, Naracoorte, 36º57'S, 140º45'E (SAM NN14894); 1 female, same locality (SAM NN14941); 1 female, Ngarkat Conservation Park, Pertendi Hut Campsite, 35º38'17''S, 140º46'15''E (AM KS77363); 1 female, Nulungery, 7 km NW, 35º35'24''S, 140º06'07''E (SAM NN16330); 1 male, 1 female, Point Lowly, 32º59'S, 137º47'E (SAM NN14838–9); 1 male, Port Lincoln, 34º43'S, 135º51'E (SAM NN14899); 1 female, Prospect, Adelaide, 34º53'S, 138º35'E (SAM NN14885); 1 male, Pyap (near), 34º27'S, 140º30'E (SAM NN14880); 9 males, 5 females, Redcliffe Station, 33º42'32''S, 139º32'54''E (SAM NN14911–24); 1 female, Reevesby Island, 34º31'S, 136º16'E (NMV K8244);1 male, 4 females, same locality (SAM NN14850–4); 1 male, 2 females, Renmark, 4 km SSW, 34º10'S, 140º44'E (SAM NN14826–8); 2 females, Renmark, 4 km SSW, 34º10'S, 140º44'E (SAM NN14846–7); 1 male, Reny Island, 34º03'59''S, 140º42'41''E (ANIC); 1 male, same locality (ANIC); 1 male, same locality (ANIC); 1 female, Tea Tree Gully, Adelaide, 34º49'S, 138º43'E (SAM NN14844); 1 female, The Needles, 1 km N, 35º49'44''S, 139º22'40''E (SAM NN14958); 1 male, Tintinara, 35º53'S, 140º03'E (SAM NN14942); 1 female, Trinity Gardens, Adelaide, 34º54'S, 138º38'E (SAM NN14928); 1 female, Tumby Bay, 34º22'S, 136º06'E (SAM NN14895); 1 female, Underdale, Adelaide, 34º55'S, 138º32'E (SAM NN14883); 1 female, Victor Harbor, Inman River mouth, 35º33'S, 138º37'E (SAM NN14932); 2 females, 2 juv., Warren Gorge, W of Quorn, 32º11'S, 138º00'E (SAM NN14840–1); 1 male, Wellington, 5 km NE, 35º18'28''S, 139º25'15''E (SAM NN14959); 1 male, 1 female, 2 juv., Wharminda Wells, 33º55'S, 136º10'E (SAM NN14870–1); 1 male, 3 females, 1 juv., Whyalla, 33º02'S, 137º35'E (NMV K7581); 1 female, same locality (SAM NN14869); 1 female, same locality (SAM NN14868); 1 female, same locality (SAM NN14798); 1 female, Whyalla, 5 km W, 33º02'S, 137º32'E (SAM NN14799); 1 female, Wild Horse Plains, 34º21'S, 138º17'E (SAM NN14879); 1 female, Wilmington, 32º39'S, 138º06'E (SAM NN16973); 1 female, Wilmington, Mt Remarkable National Park, 8.1 km SSW, 32º43'12''S, 138º02'53''E (SAM NN16216); 1 male, Windsor Gardens, Adelaide,


FRAMENAU

34º52'S, 138º39'E (SAM NN14884); 1 female, Woodcroft, 35º06'S, 138º33'E (AM KS86406); 1 male, Woodville, Adelaide, 34º52'S, 138º32'E (SAM NN14886); 1 male, Worlds End, 5 km E, 33º49'30''S, 139º06'40''E (SAM NN15661). Victoria: 1 female, Barringo, 5 km E Macedon, 37º25'S, 144º37'E (NMV K8106); 1 female, Bemm River, 37º45'S, 148º57'E (NMV K8107); 1 female, Mildura, near Apex Park, 34º10'53''S, 142º9'26''E (WAM T68035); 1 female, Nyah to Kooloonong (no exact locality) (NMV K8242); 2 females, Specimen Hill Bushland Reserve, Bendigo Regional Park, 36º46'29''S, 144º14'08''E (WAM T56065–6); 1 female, Walpeup (Silos W of), 35º08'S, 142º01'E (SAM NN16541); 1 male, Wyperfeld National Park, Ginap Track, 35º33'S, 142º07'E (NMV K8109).

APPENDIX B. Non-type material examined of Venator immsuetus (Simon). Western Australia: 1 female, Albany Highway, 110-mile-peg, no exact locality (WAM T70347); 1 female, Albany Highway, 122-mi-peg, no exact locality (WAM T53868); 1 male, ALCOA mine, NE of Jarrahdale, 32º17'S, 116º08'E (WAM T44719); 2 males, Anderson Lake Nature Reserve, South, 34º10'04''S, 117º57'01''E (WAM T51334); 1 male, Applecross, 31º59'S, 115º55'E (WAM 71/820); 1 female, Armadale, 2 miles from on Forrestfield Road, 32º9'S, 116º00'E (WAM 68/854); 2 females, 6 juv., Attadale, 32º01'S, 115º48'E (WAM T55201); 29 females, 13 males, 58 juv., Attadale, 32º01'S, 115º48'E (WAM T53909, WAM T55177–9, T55185, T55187– 8, T55190–1, T55193, T55195–7, T55199–200, T55202, T55227); 1 female, Augusta, 34º20'S, 115º9'E (WAM 71/472); 1 female, Badgerup Swamp, 31º48'S, 115º50'E (WAM 71/395); 1 female, Bakers Hill, 31º45'S, 116º27'E (WAM T48095); 1 female, Ballock St North, SE Darkan, 33º38'49''S, 116º56'19''E (WAM T51493); 1 male, 1 female, Bassendean, 31º54'S, 115º56'E (WAM T67917); 1 female, Bedford, 31º54'S, 115º53'E (WAM T53611); 1 male, Bella Vista Nature Reserve, 28º32'17''S, 114º40'13''E (WAM T51388); 1 male, 2 females, Belmont, 63 Keymer St, 31º56'29''S, 115º56'02''E (WAM T58491, T100047); 3 females, 10 juv., Bibra Lake, 32º05'S, 115º49'E (WAM T48092); 1 female, Bibra Lake, N of Hope Road, 32º05'04.32''S, 115º49'49.55''E (PES 3664); 1 female, Bibra Lake, E of North Lake, 32º04'35.46''S, 115º49'47.28''E (PES 3655); 2 females, Bibra Lake, N of Gwilliam Drive, 32º05'25.48''S, 115º49'09.65''E (PES 3666, 3657); 1 female, Bibra Lake, North Lake northern shore, 32º06'06.11''S, 115º49'06.98''E (PES 3661); 1 female, Bicton, 32º01'S, 115º47'E (WAM T51491); 1 female, Boat Harbour, 34º30'42''S, 118º48'13''E (WAM T81153); 1 male, Boddington, SW of, Worsley Alumina, Overland conveyor belt #1, 32º59'S, 116º21'E (WAM T77036); 1 female, Boddington, SW of, Worsley Alumina, Overland conveyor belt #1, 33º00'S, 116º18'E (WAM T77039); 1 female, Boddington, SW of, Worsley Alumina, Overland conveyor belt #2, 33º12'S, 116º05'E (WAM T77037); 1 male, Bold Park, 31º57'14''S, 115º46'16''E (WAM T68595); 1 female, Bold Park, 31º56'00''S, 115º46'26''E (WAM T68513); 1 male, Bold Park, 31º57'07''S, 115º45'30''E (WAM T62469); 2 males, Bold Park, 31º57'11''S, 115º45'50''E (WAM T68602–3); 1 female, Boolading Nature Reserve, North, 33º21'22''S, 116º37'07''E (WAM T51499); 7 males, 3 females, 1 juv., Bremer Bay, 34º24'S, 119º23'E (WAM 70/67–77); 1 female, Bremer Bay, camping area, 34º23'S, 119º23'E (QM S71414–5); 2 females, 3 juv., Bremer Bay, camping area, beside Wellstead East, 34º23'S, 119º23'E (QM S71413); 4 males, 7 females, 14 juv., Brentwood, High Road, 32º03'S, 115º51'E (WAM 69/103,69/341– 357, 69/771–4, 71/1396–8); 2 females, Brickwood Reserve, 32º14'02''S, 116º00'07''E (WAM T68511); 3 males, Brickwood Reserve, Cardup, 32º14'00''S, 116º00'02''E (WAM T68572); 1 female, Bridgetown, ca. 15km SW of, Mockedillup Road, 34º00'S, 116º03'E (WAM T55338); 44 males, 2 females, Brookdale, 32º09'21''S, 115º57'40''E (WAM T84135–49, T84151–8); 2 females, 1 juv., Broomehill, 33º50'S, 117º38'E (WAM T53859); 1 female, Bunbury Bypass Road, 32º20'S, 115º38'E (WAM 71/356); 3 females, 3 juv., Bunker Bay, Cape Naturaliste, 33º32'S, 115º02'E (WAM 71/350–354, 71/1400); 2 males, Burma Road Nature Reserve, 28º58'51''S, 115º02'37''E (WAM T53384); 1 female, 2 juv., Bushmead Rifle Range Reserve, 31º55'11''S, 116º01'01''E (WAM T68570); 7 males, 3 females, Bushmead, Ridge Hill Road, 31º55'11''S, 116º01'01''E (WAM T68565); 2 males, Bushmead, Ridge Hill Road, 31º55'56''S, 116º02'22''E (WAM T68553); 1 male, Camel Lake Nature Reserve, South, 34º17'34''S, 117º58'51''E (WAM T51333); 3 male, Cannington Botanical Reserve, 32º01'29''S, 115º58'57''E (WAM T55500, T62467); 1 male, Cannington Botanical Reserve, 32º01'33''S, 115º58'58''E (WAM T62468); 1 male, 3 juv., Cannington, Nicholson Road Bridge, 32º01'S, 115º56'E (WAM 69/78–81); 1 female, Cardup, 32º16'08''S, 116º00'44''E (WAM T68504); 1 female, Cardup Reserve, 32º14'35''S, 115º59'08''E (WAM T68506); 3 females, Cardup Reserve, 32º16'02''S, 116º00'44''E (WAM T53574); 1 female, Cardup Reserve, 32º14'53''S, 115º59'08''E (WAM T53573); 14 males, same locality (WAM T68561); 11 males, 1 juv., same locality (WAM T68557); 4 males, Cardup Reserve, 32º14'40''S, 115º59'15''E (WAM T68568); 5 males, Cardup, Brickwood Reserve, 32º14'02''S, 116º00'07''E (WAM T68560); 2 males, 1 female, 1 juv., Cardup, Brickwood Reserve, 32º13'52''S, 116º00'12''E (WAM T53536); 1 male, Cardup, Norman Road, 32º15'49''S, 116º00'13''E (WAM T68559); 5 males, Cardup, Norman Road, 32º16'06''S, 116º00'44''E (WAM T68558, T55549); 1 male, Catchment Road, 32º9'9''S, 116º38'27''E (WAM T48109); 1 male, Cervantes, Super Caver, South of Hill River, 30º30'S, 115º10'E (WAM 93/2413); 1 male, 1 female, Chillmoney Road, N of Northampton, 28º06'11''S, 114º33'19''E (WAM T53388); 1 male, Chillmoney Road North, SW of Binnu, 28º05'58''S, 114º33'43''E (WAM T53385); 1 female, Chillmoney Road, SW of Binnu, 28º06'11''S, 114º33'19''E (WAM T51387); 2 males, City Beach, 31º56'S, 115º45'E (WAM T55313); 1 male, Clarkson, 36 Carberry Square, 31º42'S, 115º43'E (WAM T64067); 2 females, Collie, 33º22'S, 116º9'E (WAM T53861); 1 female, Collie, 27 miles E, 33º21'S, 116º35'E (WAM T55236); 1 female, Collie, 4 miles S, 33º25'S, 116º09'E (WAM T53864); 1 male, 1 female, Como, 32º00'S, 115º51'E (WAM T51424, T53610); 1 male, 1 female, Cottesloe, 31º59'S, 115º45'E (WAM T53437, T56193); 1 female, Cranbrook Water Supply Reserve, 34º18'30''S, 117º34'9''E (WAM T53386); 1 male, 1 female, Darkan, Bruce King Road, 33º18'47''S, 116º48'22''E (WAM T51337); 1 female, Darkin, E, 180-mile-peg, 32º02'S, 116º16'E (WAM T53865); 2 males, 4 females, Darlington, 31º54'S, 116º04'E (WAM T53531, T53687, T53783); 2 females, Dead Mans Swamp Nature Reserve, North, 33º30'02''S, 116º57'10''E (WAM T53391); 2 males, Dead Mans Swamp Nature Reserve, South, 33º30'06''S, 116º56'54''E (WAM T51385); 1 male, 1 female, Denmark, 34º57'S, 117º21'E (WAM T64976, T64996); 1 female, 2 juv., Devils Lair Cave,

REVIEW OF VENATOR


553

near, 34º09'S, 115º04'E (WAM 73/174–6); 1 male, Dongara, 29º15'S, 114º56'E (WAM 71/1404); 1 male, 1 female, Dongolocking Spring Reserve, 33º05'19''S, 117º41'29''E (WAM T51386); 1 male, Doogue Road East, 30 km W of Mullewa, 28º30'12''S, 115º15'17''E (WAM T51384); 1 male, Dragon Rocks Nature Reserve, West, 32º38'40''S, 118º59'11''E (WAM T51494); 3 males, 2 females, Dryandra Forest, 32º47'S, 116º55'E (WAM 71/1849–53); 2 females, Dumbleyung, 33º19'S, 117º44'E (WAM 69/407–8); 1 male, Dumbleyung Lake North, 33º21'29''S, 117º38'40''E (WAM T48112); 6 females, 1 juv., Duranillin, 33º31'S, 116º48'E (QM S71422–7); 2 males, 1 female, East Guildford, 28 Swan St, 31º53'S, 115º58'E (WAM T45816, T45889, T56122); 1 female, East Perth, 308 Lord St, 31º57'S, 115º52'E (WAM T53846); 1 male, 1 female, East Victoria Park, 31º59'S, 115º54'E (WAM T58351); 1 male, 1 female, Eaton, 13 Pinto Close, 33º18'S, 115º42'E (WAM T58334, T77038); 1 female, Embleton, 31º54'S, 115º54'E (AM KS86397); 1 male, Eneabba, R.G.C. Mineral Sands, 29º50'S, 115º15'E (WAM T64002); 9 males, 5 females, Fitzgerald and Susetta Rivers junction, 34º01'S, 119º27'E (WAM 71/404–7, 71/1865–73, T56592); 3 females, Fitzgerald River, 33º49'42''S, 119º15'18''E (WAM T77336, T77338); 3 females, 8 juv., Fitzgerald River, near inlet, 34º08'S, 119º24'E (WAM 71/1874–84); 5 males, 1 female, Forrestfield, Hartfield Park, 32º00'00''S, 115º59'43''E (WAM T55548, T55553); 1 male, Franklin-Cranbrook Shire, 34º17'S, 117º33'E (WAM T62384); 2 males, 1 female, Gelorup, Gelorup Rise, Lot 101, 33º23'S, 115º38'E (WAM T46050, T46053, T51225); 1 male, 2 females, Geraldton, 28º46'S, 114º37'E (WAM 71/1401–3); 1 female, Gidgegannup, 31º47'S, 116º11'E (WAM T56195); 3 males, 2 females, `Glenbourne` Farm, S of Gracetown, 33º53'35''S, 115º00'15''E (WAM T51409, T55607, T55611, T58384, T62298); 1 male, `Glenbourne` Farm, Spring Road, S of Gracetown, `N firebreak` N boundary, 33º54'28''S, 115º00'49''E (WAM T55614); 1 male, `Glenbourne` Farm, Spring Road, S of Gracetown, `W firebreak` W boundary, 33º53'S, 115º00'E (WAM T55603); 1 male, `Glenbourne` Farm, Spring Road, S of Gracetown, southern boundary, 33º55'08''S, 115º00'44''E (WAM T55613); 5 males, Glen Forrest, 31º54'S, 116º06'E (WAM 73/88, 73/101, T55306, T55312, T55317); 1 female, Grass Patch, `Sieda` farm, 33º13'56''S, 121º46'00''E (WAM T53582); 1 female, Green Head, 30º04'S, 114º58'E (WAM 71/1848); 1 male, 1 female, Green Head, airstrip 2 miles E, 30º03'S, 115º00'E (WAM 72/742–3); 1 female, Greenacres Beach, Dunsborough, 33º36'S, 115º06'E (WAM 70/26); 1 male, Greenmount, 31º54'S, 116º03'E (WAM T53682); 4 female, 1 juv., Greenshields Oak, 17 mi E of Pingrup (Lake Magenta Reserve), 33º30'S, 118º53'E (WAM 71/1078–82); 3 males, 9 females, Guilderton, Gordon St, 31º21'00''S, 115º29'55''E (WAM T53398, T53798); 1 female, Guilderton, Moore River, 31º21'S, 115º30'E (WAM 71/1995); 1 male, 2 juv., Guildford, 31º54'S, 115º58'E (WAM 70/235–7); 2 males, Gunyidi Nature Reserve, Midlands Road, 30º11'10''S, 116º01'51''E (WAM T51332); 1 female, Gwambygine Pool Reserve, near York, 31º59'S, 116º48'E (WAM T98923); 3 males, 1 female, Haddleton Spring Nature Reserve, 33º37'13''S, 116º34'50''E (WAM T53387); 1 female, Harvey, 33º05'S, 115º54'E (WAM 69/875); 3 males, 1 female, Harvey, 1 Pinner St, 33º04'S, 115º53'E (WAM T51492, T63257); 1 female, Harvey, River Road, 2 km E Third Street, 33º04'S, 115º53'E (WAM T63264); 1 male, Harvey, Third Street, 33º04'S, 115º53'E (WAM T63263); 1 female, Hepburn Heights, 31º49'02''S, 115º46'13''E (WAM T68514); 2 females, same locality (WAM T68501); 1 female, Hepburn Heights, 31º49'06''S, 115º48'02''E (WAM T53649); 1 male, 6 females, Hepburn Heights, 31º49'07''S, 115º46'11''E (WAM T53651, T68502, T68516, T68522); 1 female, Hepburn Heights, 31º48'57''S, 115º46'41''E (WAM T55550); 2 males, adjacent to Holland Rock Nature Reserve, 33º21'35''S, 118º44'50''E (WAM T51391); 1 male, Hovea,545 Hedges, Road, 31º53'29.1''S, 116º06'56.8''E (PES 16805); 1 female, Howatharra Nature Reserve, West, 28º32'51''S, 114º39'41''E (WAM T51330); 1 male, 1 female, 1 juv., Hunter River, 5 miles E Bremer Bay, 34º24'S, 119º31'E (WAM 70/19–21); 1 female, Hyden, Wave Rock, 32º27'S, 118º54'E (WAM 71/1085); 1 male, Hyden-Lake Hurlstone Road, 32º38'35''S, 119º22'18''E (WAM T48111); 1 female, Irwin, 29º13'S, 115º04'E (WAM T56569); 1 male, Jandakot Airport, 32º05'31''S, 115º52'28''E (WAM T68521); 8 males, 7 females, Jarrahdale, 32º20'S, 116º03'E (WAM T48043, T55766–7, T62450); 2 males, Jarrahdale, N and NW of, Alcoa mine site & forest, 34º54'S, 117º55'E (WAM 97/581–2); 1 male, Jarrahwood, 33º47'S, 115º40'E (WAM T55295); 4 males, 5 females, 3 juv., John Forrest National Park, 31º52'S, 116º04'E (WAM 68/853, 69/100, 69/102, 69/358–65); 1 female, Jolimont, Pat Goodridge Hockey Centre, 31º56'52''S, 115º48'29''E (WAM T62471); 1 male, 4 females, Jurien Bay, 20 mi E, 30º18'S, 115º20'E (WAM 72/744–5); 1 male, Kelmscott, 32º07'S, 116º01'E (WAM T58348); 1 female, Kensington, 31º59'S, 115º53'E (WAM T74420); 18 females, 4 males, 19 juv., Kings Park, 31º58'15''S, 115º49'20''E (WAM 69/502–3, T48094, T53866–7, T55143, T65085, T68492–3, T68495–7, T68600–1, T68604, T68606, 68609–2); 1 male, Kings Park, Lovekin Drive, 31º58'S, 115º50'E (WAM T65012); 2 females, Kingsley, 14 Stratford Place, 31º48'S, 115º47'E (WAM T45914, T46051); 1 female, Kojonup area, 33º50'S, 117º9'E (WAM T53847); 3 females, 1 juv., Kojonup, 17 miles E, 33º50'S, 117º24'E (WAM T70338); 1 female, Kulin, 32º40'S, 118º9'E (QM S71416); 1 male, Kulunilup Nature Reserve, West, 34º20'56''S, 116º46'21''E (WAM T51495); 1 male, Lake King, Newdegate-Ravensthorpe Road, 33º05'06''S, 119º37'51''E (WAM T48108); 1 female, Lake Magenta Nature Reserve (S. Central), South, 33º42'11''S, 118º58'59''E (WAM T51335); 7 males, 1 female, Lake Poorginup, 34º33'S, 116º44'E (WAM T64025); 2 females, 5 juv., Lake Richmond, Rockingham, 32º17'S, 115º42'E (WAM T55204); 1 male, Langford, 32º02'S, 115º56'E (AM KS86396); 1 male, Lathlain Park, 31º58'S, 115º54'E (WAM T53695); 2 males, 1 female, 1 juv., Ledge Point, 31º06'S, 115º22'E (WAM T55510); 1 male, Maddington, Attfield St, 32º03'S, 115º59'E (WAM T56194); 1 female, Mandurah, 32º32'S, 115º43'E (WAM 69/874); 1 male, Margaret River, 4.75 km due E, 33º57'52''S, 115º07'22''E (WAM T62659); 7 males, 1 juv., Martin, Rushton Road, 32º03'50''S, 116º01'06''E (WAM T55547, T55551); 1 female, Maylands, 31º55'S, 115º53'E (WAM T56199); 1 female, Maylands, 3 Mt Prospect Crescent, 31º55'54''S, 115º54'00''E (WAM T108511); 1 female, McDougal Nature Reserve, 33º27'08''S, 118º06'57''E (WAM T48104); 1 male, 2 females, Melville, 32º02'S, 115º48'E (WAM T55137, T55144); 1 male, Metabinup Nature Reserve, South, 34º00'24''S, 116º50'21''E (WAM T51389); 1 female, Mimegarra, ca. 8km NW, 30º48'26''S, 115º26'26''E (WAM T64020); 3 males, Mininup Nature Reserve, 34º06'19''S, 116º49'35''E (WAM T53389); 1 female, Mockerdillup Road, ca. 15 km W Bridgetown, 33º57'S, 115º52'E (WAM T70340); 2 females, 29 juv., Moingup Spring, Stirling Ranges, 34º24'S, 118º06'E (WAM 73/189–220); 1 male, Moingup Springs, 34º24'S, 118º06'E (WAM T81464); 1 male, Moonijiin Nature Reserve, 30º54'57''S, 117º9'05''E (WAM T51500); 1 male, 1 female, Mosman Park, 32º01'01''S, 115º45'40''E (WAM T62445); 1 male, 1 female, Mt Barker, 34º37'S, 117º40'E (QM S71419–20); 1 male, Mt Barker, 10km W, 34º43'S,


FRAMENAU

117º34'E (ANIC ); 3 males, 10 females, Mt Claremont, 31º57'40''S, 115º46'00''E (WAM T68490, T68494, T68598–599, T68508–10); 1 female, Mt Cooke, 32º25'S, 116º18'E (WAM T55573); 1 male, Mt Hawthorn, 144 Matlock St, 31º54'55''S, 115º50'14''E (WAM T48113); 1 male, Mt Hawthorn, Anzac Road, 31º55'S, 115º50'E (WAM T65047); 1 female, Mt Helena, 31º52'S, 116º12'E (WAM T48093); 1 female, 4 juv., Mt Henry, 32º01'58''S, 115º51'38''E (WAM T68491); 1 female, Mt Lawley, 31º55'S, 115º52'E (WAM T51551); 1 female, Mt Lawley, 123 Third Avenue, 31º55'28''S, 115º52'27''E (WAM T51226); 1 female, Mt Lawley, 124 Third Avenue, 31º56'S, 115º53'E (WAM T64085); 1 male, Mt Misery, 30º41'S, 115º37'E (WAM 71/ 1399); 1 female, 1 juv., Muchea Air Weapons Range, 31º38'29''S, 115º55'03''E (WAM T56256); 3 males, Muir Highway, N, near Red Lake Road, 34º25'14''S, 116º40'06''E (WAM T51329); 1 male, Mullaloo, 31º47'S, 115º44'E (WAM T65086); 1 female, Munda Biddi Trail at Yarri Campsite, 33º06'S, 116º02'E (WAM T67931); 1 male, Mundaring, 31º53'S, 116º10'E (WAM T51354); 1 male, Murchison River, NW Coastal Highway, 27º49'S, 114º42'E (QM W5779); 1 male, Murdoch, 32º04'S, 115º49'E (WAM T51314); 1 male, Murdoch University, 32º04'18''S, 115º49'26''E (WAM T64018); 1 female, Narrogin, 11 miles E, 32º56'S, 117º21'E (WAM T53862); 1 male, Nedlands, 31º58'S, 115º48'E (WAM T51546); 15 males, 2 female, Nedlands, Edward St, 31º59'S, 115º48'E (WAM T58341, T58367–8, T62357, T62446, T62448–9, T62633, T64064, T64599); 1 female, 4 juv., Nornalup, 35º00'S, 116º49'E (WAM 69/478–82); 3 females, Nornalup, 10 miles E, Great Southern Highway, 35º00'S, 117º00'E (WAM 71/462–4); 1 female, North Lake, near Fremantle, 32º05'S, 115º49'E (WAM 68/855); 5 males, 2 females, Northam, 31º38'S, 116º40'E (WAM T55141); 2 males, Nyabing, 25 km NNE, S of Ramunen Road, 33º20'10''S, 118º15'34''E (WAM T48110, T51331); 5 males, Oakajee Nature Reserve, 28º34'11''S, 114º38'30''E (WAM T53374); 2 females, Pallinup River Estuary, 34º29'S, 118º54'E (WAM T53465–6); 2 females, Palmyra, 32º02'S, 115º47'E (WAM T53627–8); 1 female, 4 juv., Pemberton, camping area, 34º26'S, 116º02'E (WAM T48102); 1 male, Peppermint Grove, 31º59'S, 115º46'E (WAM T53659); 1 male, 2 females, Peringillup Nature Reserve, 33º56'37''S, 117º38'41''E (WAM T53390); 1 female, Perry Lakes, Floreat, 31º56'S, 115º47'E (WAM T53474); 11 males, 1 female, Perth Airport, 31º55'24''S, 115º58'48''E (WAM T62454–5, T68605, T68607); 1 female, Perth, Museum buildings (inside Exhibition and Design), 31º57'S, 115º52'E (WAM T64008); 1 male, Perth, outside museum building, 31º57'S, 115º52'E (WAM T58359); 1 female, Point Colpoys, Garden Island, 32º13'S, 115º41'E (WAM 69/1032); 1 female, Point Peron, 32º16'S, 115º41'E (WAM T55208); 1 female, Point Peron, Spinifex Beach, 32º17'S, 115º41'E (WAM 69/409); 1 male, 1 female, Quaalup Homestead, 34º15'S, 119º24'E (WAM T48100); 8 males, 9 females, Red Bluff, Red Bluff Caravan Park, 27º44'37''S, 114º08'49''E (WAM T56582, T58325, T58331, T58376, T58381); 1 male, 1 female, Rockingham, 32º17'S, 115º43'E (WAM 71/1389–90); 2 females, 1 juv., Rockingham, Point Peron, Beach 3, 32º17'S, 115º41'E (WAM 69/403–5); 5 males, 4 females, Rossmoyne, 31º24'S, 116º46'E (QM W5783; QM S71428–31, WAM 69/77, 69/82, 69/873, 70/6070/234); 1 male, 5 females, 10 juv., Rottnest Island, 32º00'S, 115º30'E (WAM 71/1040–1, T55206, T56203–4, T56206); 2 females, Rottnest Island, due S of lighthouse, 32º00'S, 115º31'E (WAM T56201); 2 females, 1 juv., Rottnest Island, Sten Park, 32º00'S, 115º31'E (WAM T56205); 1 female, Safety Bay, 32º18'S, 115º42'E (WAM T51227); 1 male, 2 females, Salter Point, 32º01'S, 115º52'E (WAM T51560, T53435, T53470); 1 male, 1 female, Sand Springs Homestead, N of Eradu/Sandsprings Roads Junction, 28º49'S, 114º53'E (WAM T65009); 1 female, Sandplains Nature Reserve, South, 31º34'40''S, 118º44'20''E (WAM T51393); 1 female, SE face of Dunn Rock, 33º20'10''S, 119º29'39''E (WAM T48107); 3 males, SE of Northampton, Casuarina Shire site, 28º32'07''S, 114º44'07''E (WAM T51338); 1 female, SE of Pallarup Rocks, S of Lake King, 33º15'36''S, 119º45'28''E (WAM T51336); 2 females, Shannon River, 10 miles N, 34º52'S, 116º23'E (QM S71417–8); 1 female, Siesta Park Camp, near Vass/Busselton Highway junction, 33º38'S, 115º20'E (WAM 71/392); 2 females, 2 juv., Springdale, Wilson Inlet, 34º59'S, 117º22'E (WAM T56200); 1 female, Starvation Harbour, 33º51'11''S, 120º33'21''E (WAM T77340); 1 female, State Forest, 32º57'04''S, 115º43'03''E (WAM T53816); 2 females, Sterling Ranges Retreat, 34º18'56''S, 118º11'31''E (WAM T81386, T81389); 12 male, 14 females, Stirling Range Caravan Park, 34º18'55''S, 118º11'14''E (WAM T56401, T56585, T58377); 1 female, Stirling Range National Park, 34º31'S, 118º13'E (WAM T62472); 2 males, 1 female, 1 juv., Stirling Range National Park, East, 34º17'57''S, 118º04'19''E (WAM T53376); 1 male, Stirling Range National Park, Talyuberlup Peak Picnic Site, 34º25'S, 117º49'E (WAM T56239); 3 females, Tarin Rock Reserve, 33º06'S, 118º13'E (WAM 71/ 1392–4); 1 male, Thornlie, 32º03'S, 115º57'E (WAM T53472); 1 male, Toolbrunup, Stirling Range National Park (Camping area), 34º01'S, 117º49'E (WAM T55314); 1 male, Toolibin Lake, 32º55'05''S, 117º36'57''E (WAM T51497); 1 female, Trigg Beach, 31º52'S, 115º45'E (WAM T55561); 1 male, Tuttanning Nature Reserve, South, 32º33'17''S, 117º20'03''E (WAM T48106); 1 male, 3 females, Twertup Creek - Fitzgerald River, 33º57'S, 119º18'E (WAM 71/1920–3); 1 female, Wagin, 33º18'S, 117º20'E (WAM T70360); 3 males, 7 females, 2 juv., Walpole, 34º59'S, 116º44'E (WAM 69/504–15); 1 female, WalpoleNornalup National Park, Two Road, 11.1 km 282°W of Walpole, 34º57'56''S, 116º36'24''E (ZMUC); 1 male, Wardering Spring Nature Reserve, 32º150'17''S, 117º21'31''E (WAM T68231); 1 female, Wardering Spring Nature Reserve, 32º50'12''S, 117º21'31''E (WAM T48103); 1 female, Warwick Open Space, 31º50'33''S, 115º49'00''E (WAM T68500); 1 male, Water Reserve on Railway line, 32º54'42''S, 117º53'40''E (WAM T48105); 2 males, Wembley Downs, 31º55'S, 115º46'E (WAM T51313); 1 female, Wembley, Jersey Street, 31º56'S, 115º48'E (WAM T62371); 1 female, West Perth, 31º57'S, 115º50'E (AM KS86398); 1 male, Wickepin, 32º47'S, 117º30'E (WAM 71/1086); 1 female, Willagee, 32º03'S, 115º48'E (WAM T81384); 3 males, William Bay, 34º58'S, 117º12'E (WAM T53481); 1 male, William Bay National Park, 35º01'S, 117º9'E (WAM T53540); 1 female, Wilson, 32º01'S, 115º54'E (WAM T53516); 1 female, Woodbridge, 5 Harper St, 31º53'S, 115º59'E (WAM T46886); 2 males, 1 female, Woodman Point, 32º07'58''S, 115º45'29''E (WAM T68508, T68512, T68518); 1 male, Worsley Alumina, Overland Conveyor Belt, between Collie-Tallanalla Road and Trees Road, 33º11'S, 116º05'E (WAM T60075); 1 female, Worsley Alumina, SW of Boddington, Overland Conveyor Band #1, line stand 384, 33º08'S, 116º06'E (WAM T99930); 1 female, Yanchep, 31º33'S, 115º41'E (QM S71421); 2 males, 2 females, Yanchep National Park, to Yanjidi Trail, 31º32'S, 115º40'E (WAM T64019); 7 males, 6 females, Yangebup Lake, Jandakot, 32º07'S, 115º50'E (WAM 69/658–65, 70/13–17); 1 female, Yangebup, 32º07'S, 115º49'E (WAM T51240); 1 female, Yenyenning Lakes, 32º13'38''S, 117º13'08''E (WAM T51496); 1 male, Yenyenning Lakes, 32º13'38''S, 117º13'08''E (WAM T51392); 1 female, Yorkrakine Rock, 31º25'S, 117º31'E (WAM 71/1387).

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