Riset dan Teknologi untuk Produksi Pangan Berkelanjutan - Kadin

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RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY FOR SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION Dr. Rusman Heriawan

Ministry of Agriculture Jakarta, 8 February 2012

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INTRODUCTION  By 2010 Indonesia's population ± 240 million.  Decreased fertility of paddy fields, the total area converted 1.5 million ha for ± 40 years.  The total agricultural land area decreased, because the conversion rate is faster than creating new farmland  The population continues to grow: In 2050 an estimated 410 million people.  Declining soil fertility, pests and disease infestation increase. 2

Continued ….

 Competition land use and water tends to "beat" the interests of the agricultural sector.  Productivity of several food commodities are approaching a limit. To maintain the sustainability of efforts to increase food production, the necessary breakthroughs to spur productivity and expansion of land area in sub-optimal areas.  To that necessary reforms need technological innovations  Research and development should be the spearhead 3

Concept of Sustainable Production • Based on concept of „sustainable development‟ • Has wide spectrum; institutionally, economically, technologically, ecologically • Economy-based organization and institution, development management which combine localtraditional institution with modern institution • Explore wisely all the resources, environmentallyfriendly, and for sustaining use over generations

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Strategy to increase Production of Agriculture REVITALIZED SECTORS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Land use Seed Infrastructure Man power Financing Institution Technology

STRATEGY TO SPEED UP PRODUCTION INCREASE OF AGRICULTURE

 Rules of IAARD

  

Increasing productivity  Integrated Crop Management (ICM) Extensification (increasing harvest indice) Plant protection Institution and financing .

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AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT Goals: Attaining self-sufficiency on meat, soy bean, sugar, as well as sustainable self-sufficiency on rice and maize; • Food diversification; • Increasing value added, competitiveness, and export; • Improving farmer welfare •

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Research and Development Policy Direction 2010-2014 1. Creating innovative technology i.e. good quality seed, new superior variety, fertilizer and agricultural machines, 2. Creating innovative technology for land usage, mitigate and adaptive to climate change, 3. Developing institution model and policy development, 4. Technology transfer to increase products competitiveness in domestic and international market, 7

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5. Creating innovative technology of bio-energy based on renewable local resources 6. Creating innovative technology for food diversification based on renewable local resources 7. Empowering innovative technology and institution for development of agriculture industry to increase value added, competitiveness and export

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RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT RESULTS •





New superior varieties as well their seed of food crops, estate crops, horticulture and livestocks, Technologies to enable new superior varieties to attain yield potential and increase crop production. Good quality seed, fertilizer, and agriculture machinery which are ready for mass production. 9

Supporting Technology for Strategic Program No

Strategic Program

Technology Innovation

1.

Attain soybean self sufficiency and continue self sufficiency on rice and maize

• New modern varieties for rice, maize, and soybean with adoption rates 90%, 45%, and 80%. • Integrated Crop Management for rice, maize, and soybean at different agro ecological zones • Availability of seed source with SMM ISO 9001-2008

2.

Attain sugar self sufficiency

• Availability of sugarcane seedling through tissue culture 10

Continued ….

No

Strategic Program

Technology Innovation

3.

Attain self sufficiency on beef cattle

• Sex replication group model of Grati (calving rate 80%)  at 5 provinces (12 000 cattle) • Availability of superior male PO (30 animals) • Cattle multiplication through Grati model within integrated oil palm-cattle • Shorter calving interval become 12 months • Disease management of reproduction • Reduce calf death until 3% 11

Continued ….

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Strategic Program

Technology Innovation

4.

Corridor MP3EI 4,5,6 and Food across corridors

• Technology for sub-optimal land (modern varieties and pest management) • Map of Land Resources potency and Agriculture Spatial Direction • Map of Planting Calendar • Site Specific Nutrient Management technology

5.

Area of Green Food House (KRPL)

• Model KRPL • Nursery • Technology of cultural practices 12

Food Crops Reseach Consortium • Rice consortium (Bogor Agriculture Institute, Mataram, General Sudirman and Siliwangi Universities, BATAN, LIPI, ICABIOGARD, and ICRR) • Soybean consortium (General Sudirman, Mataram, and Jember Univesities, Bogor Agriculture Institute, BATAN, ICALRD, Balitkabi) • Wheat Consortium (Bogor Agriculture Institute, Satya Wacana and University of Andalas, ICABIOGARD, and Balitsereal) 13

Support and action plan from Agricultural Ministry for development of economic corridor Indonesia in 6 main corridors: • Sumatra economic corridor as “Oil palm and rubber production” • Java economic corridor as “Food industry development” • Kalimantan economic corridor as “Oil palm and rubber production” • Sulawesi economic corridor as “Rice, maize, and cacao production” • Bali-NTB-NTT economic corridor as “ Maize, soybean and animal husbandry production” • Papua economic corridor as “Food, estate crops and animal husbandry production” 14

Appendix R&D Results 15

BIOTECNOLOGY • Synthetic sex pheromone formula to control pest caterpillars red onion, corn stalk borer, yellow rice stem borer One method of embryo rescue from maize crosses

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• Formula collection media for mother stock in vitro of banana and maize plants • 20 strains homozygous fertility restorer potential (results anther culture) • Applications & Technology Development Somatic Embryogenesis: • Cacao (Gernas Pro Kakao) • Coffee (Sigararutang) • Palm Oil (low abnormalities) • Sago • Micro-cutting technologies • Clonal rubber (PPK) • Kina (PPTK) 17

FOOD CROPS • Number of rice variety released >230 varieties. Adoption rate 90% and potential to increase yield 0.75 t/ha. Economic impact of variety adoption 2005-2008 + Rp 8,07 billion (IAARD budget in the last 5 year + Rp. 100 million) • Number of maize variety released > 60 varieties. Adoption rate 45 % and potential to increase yield 1 t/ha. Economic impact of variety adoption 2005-2008 + Rp 3,7 billion • Number of soybean variety released > 80 varieties. Adoption rate 80 % and potential to increase yield 0,5 t/ha. Economic impact of variety adoption 2005-2008 + Rp 1,8 billion

Technology to anticipate Climate Change – Adaptive : • Tolerant variety to climate anomaly • Planting pattern (planting calendar) • Water management • Site specific nutrient management • Integrated pest management – Mitigative : • Low GHG emission variety (Way Apu Boru) • Intermittent irrigation 19

Horticulture Crops High yielding var.: •

• •

Fruits: 11 HYV Manggo, Mangosteen, Banana, Salak; 16 HYV Citrus, 4 HYV Apple, : 7 HYV Grape, 1 HYV Avocado Vegetable: 5 HYV Potato, 3 HYV Peppers, 6 HYV Onions Ornamental Plants: Orchids: 6 Spathoglottis; 1 Phalaenopsis, 12 HYV Chrysanthemums.

Enviromentally Technology: Pest control, quality improvement; breeding technology; seed production, cultivation and Flowering Products : Gliostar, M-RIF, Bioriza, Repel-1 Breeder Seed: Chilly Tanjung, Tomato Opal & Mutiara; Cucumber; Peas Tegak; Beans 100 kg; Potato Go/planlet; Onions; Citrus and Apple 20

Estate Crops Biofuel: Physic nut (Jatropa) high yield (> 8 ton/ha)

Pepper: 15 high yield promising lines, tolerant to BPB

Ginger: Formula of essential oils to reduce wilt disease of 65%

HYV Coconut: 5 Tall coconut composite & 3 var Kalimantan wilt resistent

Hybrid cotton: 15 promising lines pest-resistant and high yield, 12 genotipe sterille male

Disease control technique: Cotton fruit borer 21

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• Hybrid coconut: 5 parental hybrid • 8 Rubber clones (producing latex>2,5 ton/ha/yr & woods>300m3/cyclus) • 2 Clones palm oil (big bunch and high mesocarp) • 5 Clones Tea Sinensis ((flavor enhancer, potential

production: 154% -181% of the clones Yubikita • 4 Clones cacao (yield > 2 ton, and tolerant PBK

• 5 Clones Coffee Arabika • 4 Var Sugarcane dan var Sugarcane for Bioetanol

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Continued ….

• Pest control technology: Cees, Cekam, Bio Protectors-1, Metharrin-1, Beauverin-1, Organeem, MABA, akarisida formula, bioinsektisida, IPM on Cotton, Pepper, Cashew, Vanilla, Cloves, Gambier, Cinnamon, Oryctes IPM, IPM Sexava, Control biological Brontispa, bud rot Disease Control and loss fruits; • Livestock Herbal Formula, Organic Fertilizer • The system exploits the rubber with the economic cycle is shortened (3 years of harvest, the production of 15 yrs) 23

PRIME BREED & TECHNOLOGY INDONESIAN CENTRAL ANIMAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT 1) Prime breed: Boerka Goat, Composite Goat, KUB chick, MA duck, Reza rabbit. (Adaptive to specific environment with high body weight) 2) Technology: a. Diagnostic technology for strategic of animal deseases (Anthrax, PMK, IBR, Brucellosis) b. Reproduction technology (group mating) c. Feed technology (the utilization of palm oil by product) in beef cattle –palm oil integration system.

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VETERINARY • Master Seed Vaksin :

Avian Influenza (AI), Infection Brionchitis (IB), NewCastle Disease (ND) and Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD)

• Detection techniques and Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis vaccine (IBR) in: • Immuno-histochemical (IHC) technique for the detection of Bovine Spongiform Enche-palophaty (BSE) in cattle. • Prototype of inactive vaccine and the detection for Anthrax by Direct Fluoresence Antibody (DFA). • Seroprevalence data Nipah disease in the region near the border of Malaysia (pigs remained negative; bats as a reservoir) 25

AGRICULTURE LAND RESOURCES Information of Land Resources Potential • Food Sustainable Land Map • Potential land for development oil palm development on peat land • Potential Map of Land Resources and Agriculture Spatial Direction • Map Planting Calendar (Katam) • Map of Fertilization Specific Location

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Technology/Product Management Land Resources • Technology and Quality Standard Biofertilizer • Wetland Soil Testing Devices (PUTS), PUTK, PUP • Technologies for Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change and Environment of Agriculture • Formula of plant growth regulators (ZPK) is cheap, safe and effective for sugar cane plantations • Urea coated with vinasse (waste alcohol plant)

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OUTSTANDING AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY 2012 

Potato Harvester Machine with capacity 20 hr/Ha, and Potato Grading Machine with capacity 1,8 Tons/hr

 Modified Cassava Flour Machine Household Scale 25 Kg/day  Soybean Seed Grading Machine with capacity 3 Tons/day 28

Continued ….

 Semi-automatic Sprayer to control Disease Organism for Stem of citrus plant

 Complete Feed Machine for CLS Palm Oil – Cattle (Chopper, Hammer mill and mixer)

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AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY TO SUPPORT P2BN PROGRAM Hand Tractor for Soil Tillage Capacity : Rotary : 0,07 - 0,12 ha/hr Molboard : 0,087 Ha/hr Transplanter SPW-48C Planting Efficiency : 0,21 ha/ hr Number of row : 4 rows Row spacing : 30 cm Power Weeder for Paddy Capacity : One direction : 15 hr/ha Two direction : 27 hr/ha Reaper Machine Capacity : 0,2 ha/hr

Thresher : Capacity : Throw-in type : 650 kg /hr Hold-on type : 440 kg /hr

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POST HARVEST • Modified tapioca for flour sustitution • Composite flour formulation • Alternative food products: sago noodle, sweet potato noodle, maize noodle, “tuber rice”, sorghum-based food products • Functional food products: iodized rice, low glycolic index rice • Fresh handling technology for mango, salak, mangosteen, and cutting flowers transportation • Test kit for fresh milk total microbe detection • In-store drying technology model for onion and aflatoxin control for maize sorage • Processing technology model for rural agro industry: mango, jeruk, VCO, pepper, and nilam oil

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POLICY • Formulation Adjustment Policy of HPP husk paddy – gabah and HET (highest retail price) of fertilizer • Policy Formulation of Soybean Farming Incentive • Revision of Fertilizer Subsidy Policy • Analysis and formulation of the position of Indonesia Agriculture negotiators in the DDA-WTO (especially SP and SSM) – Satgas G33 • Direction of development of the rice export • Institutional model of technology adoption and agribusiness (Primatani and PUAP) • Demand and Supply Projections of major agricultural commodities; Agricultural and rural development indicators, 2005-2009 32

PUBLICATION • Digital library grand design • 56 AARD digital library • 17 abstract books of AARD (state of the art) • • • • •

17 Agriculture Commodity Biobliography 5 vol, 10 num, AARD abstracts 5 vol, 15 num, Indonesian Agriculture and Biology Index 5 vol Agriculture RD journals 3 e-journal fultext database

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