RESEARCH ARTICLE
Risk Factors for Vitamin D Deficiency among Veterans with and without HIV Infection Alicia I. Hidron1,2,3,4*, Brittany Hill1,5, Jodie L. Guest1,2,6, David Rimland1,2 1 Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, United States of America, 2 Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, 3 Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia, 4 Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe, Medellín, Colombia, 5 Winship Cancer Institute at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, 6 Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America *
[email protected]
Abstract Objectives
OPEN ACCESS Citation: Hidron AI, Hill B, Guest JL, Rimland D (2015) Risk Factors for Vitamin D Deficiency among Veterans with and without HIV Infection. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0124168. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0124168 Academic Editor: Andrzej T Slominski, University of Tennessee, UNITED STATES Received: September 8, 2014
We aimed to describe and compare the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency between HIVnegative and HIV-infected veterans in the southern United States, and to determine risk factors for vitamin D deficiency for HIV infected patients.
Methods Cross-sectional, retrospective study including all patients followed at the Atlanta VA Medical Center with the first 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level determined between January 2007 and August 2010. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors associated with vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/ml).
Accepted: March 10, 2015 Published: April 21, 2015 Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication. Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are within the paper. Funding: This work was facilitated by the Center for AIDS Research at Emory University (P30 AI050409). The sponsors had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Results There was higher prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency among HIV-positive compared to HIVnegative patients (53.2 vs. 38.5%, p
