Introduction: Sound consists of waves which travel through the air, from a musical instrument to the eardrum. The vibrat
“Where Does Sound Come From?” Free Sample Edition 15 Pages with Graphs and a Bonus: Free Lesson Plan! by M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D.
Available Free at www.sites.google.com/site/schottenbauerpublishing/education/
Based on Excerpts from the Lab Data Manual: “Where Does Sound Come From?” by M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D. Volume 1, Black-and-White, ISBN: 1484007956, ISBN-13: 978-1484007952 (Available for purchase from www.Amazon.com and www.CreateSpace.com!) Data collected by scientific devices from www.Vernier.com.
Copyright 2014, M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D.
Lab Data Manual Preview with Lesson Plan by M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D.
Topic:
Scientific Instrumentation Selection; Science of Music
Introduction:
Sound consists of waves which travel through the air, from a musical instrument to the eardrum. The vibration of sound waves can also be felt by the skin when touching a solid.
Question:
How can sound be captured with scientific instruments?
Equipment:
Gas Pressure Sensor (Air Pressure) Anemometer (Wind Speed) Dual-Range Force Sensor (Vibration) Sound Pressure Meter (Microphone)
Questions: 1) What is the best scientific device for measuring sound? Why? 2) Does device selection depend on the instrument being measured? 3) What is the measurement range of sound? 4) How does the measurement range of sound from musical instruments compare to other phenomena?
Copyright 2013, M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D.
Graphs of Air Pressure Gas Pressure Sensor Collection Rate: 60 measurements per seconds.
Silence
Comparison Example: Blowing Blowing at the Gas Pressure Sensor Three Times Approximate distance between lips and sensor: (1) 6 inches, (2) 3 inches, & (3) 0.5 inches.
Copyright 2013, M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D.
Comparison Example: Voice
Three Notes Sung Directly Into the Sensor
Hydraulic Comparison 1 In this experiment, the piston of a hydraulic syringe of 20 milliliters volume, room temperature and pressure, is compressed at approximately the rate of 1 millileter per second for 10 ml and then released. The final volume is approximately 15.6 ml. The room temperature is approximately 70 degrees Fahrenheit. Copyright 2013, M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D.
Soprano Recorder Air Pressure at Whistle and Open Holes while Playing a B
Clarinet End of Clarinet Mouthpiece
Copyright 2013, M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D.
Trumpet End of Trumpet Mouthpiece
Violin Air Pressure Measured through F-Hole While Playing Open Strings
Copyright 2013, M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D.
Graphs of Wind Speed Anemometer Lowest Reading is .5 meters/second. Measuring rate: 60 samples per second.
A Human Blowing Air Directly in Front of the Anemometer
Speech Talking in Front of the Anemometer
Copyright 2013, M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D.
Flute Mouthpiece, Across from Embouchure Playing a scale from low to high, and back down to low notes
Flute
End of Foot Joint Playing a scale from low to high, and back down to low notes
Copyright 2013, M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D.
Soprano Recorder Bell
Violin Directly in Front of F-Hole
Copyright 2013, M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D.
Graphs of Vibration Dual-Range Force Sensor Sampling Rate: 1000 samples per second.
Drum Pad Wood Drumstick Single Stokes, Soft to Loud
Violin, Resting on a Table G String, Plucked
Copyright 2013, M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D.
Graphs of Sound Pressure Microphone 10,000 samples per second
Quiet
Violin Open G String, Bowed
Copyright 2013, M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D.
Voice Singing (“Ah”)
Voice Singing (“Ah”)
Copyright 2013, M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D.
Soprano Recorder Low Note
Soprano Recorder High Note
Copyright 2013, M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D.
Cymbal Crash
Copyright 2013, M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D.
About the Author An award-winning musician and science student as a youth and young adult, M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D., studied music, physics, mathematics, and liberal arts at the university before going on to earn a doctorate in psychology. Dr. Schottenbauer held a position as a Research Assistant Professor, and currently works as an independent educational consultant. M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D., offers a selection of affordable educational publications in the areas of science, math, literature, music, art, & human rights. Publications are available directly from www.CreateSpace.com, www.Amazon.com, and www.MusicaNeo.com. A complete listing is available online at: www.sites.google.com/site/schottenbauerpublishing.
Copyright 2013, M. Schottenbauer, Ph.D.
