Secure data hiding in wavelet compressed fingerprint images Nalini K. Ratha
Jonathan H. Connell
Ruud M. Bolle
IBM T. J. Watson Research Center 30 Saw Mill River Road, Hawthorne, NY 10532
IBM T. J. Watson Research Center 30 Saw Mill River Road, Hawthorne, NY 10532
IBM T. J. Watson Research Center 30 Saw Mill River Road, Hawthorne, NY 10532
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
ABSTRACT "!# $&% " ' & & ( ) * * ' + ) * , " $.- / '/ 0 " ) 1 $)2 & (0 , / / 3 0 / '/ ) + & 4 ' 4) 5 " ' ' $# ) ' "0 , '5 5 & ' $ 6 5 0 ( ( ( )$(- , & '" , ) " ' $ - (0 (*# 7. ,
" Keywords
%& INTRODUCTION ) ' ) / 1 1 ' , ) / ' " $&8(9 "0 $# ' ' & 4 $1-. , / ' : 3 / 5 ( ; " '5 ' $"%& " ' < ) 9 " ' $ = , 1.
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
1 ( ) *# 7A 5 " $ & )0 , @ '" & ,
1 5 '/ '1 ( " $ , 1 3 5 ' 1 , & ' ' ' 5 50 $ " ) , & & " " & $= " ) 0 9 K 4 , ' L ( 5 1 " $ # 3 & " " & & ( 4 $1J& " $M N 1# 1 $M N
5 9 " ' " , 3 $)V , $@M N ) 5 '1 1 9 "' 3 $ 2 1 55/M N " & 4 & V& 8 " $ & ( ' ' $ ) ' , 0 , " '/ 4 $*% ) 9 1 , 5 5 " ' $A%& " * 5 * * 4/ / 1 / / ' )& ' : ' & $ %& & 5 5 5 ) " 5 $ "
'5 ) 1 50 " , $% " ) & 4 &0 " 5 " ') 9 ) $ ( 5 " , 3 ( " , $ % *# 7* " " 9 $ 5 =(J&& *# 7*0 , / 1# /F $ " , 5
) # $ # " , $ & & & 4 # D$ 5WSQ " " FINGERPRINT * ( "=(J&COMPRESSION # 7*0 ,
$ " /M E N $ J& 4 )*# 76 ) = $E K L $ 5 0 ( " 5 )H 3 ' , "" , "0 4 $%& "0 " E @0 $%& &0 0 8( E =(J&( = $ E K L $&% , 0 " " 5 , " 0 $&= & 9 5 , /F D5 / '/ )0 41
/ E E E + ) 0 )K L /E " "0 ) K L $"% 0 95 ) 6 * 9 $&- # 7 ; ' " ' $ 5 '5 < ) / 5 ) 1 0 ' 9 * K # 8&%L ' $ J&' 9 ' " A ) 2.
" & " < $% & # 8&% M E N ) M F N $)% *# 7* " 3 < , & 6K %L( ( $ %& 5 ') 6 3 < 5 " 5 , $5% ) " 1 K L 5< 1K L $J& $ %& 0 / # 7; 5 2 5 $ = " 4 $ ) 4 , 5 ) " , F D D5 " " ) 5 $"% 5 , " < $5% " " ) " ' $ , A 4 ) $ W " " < ' " < K 3 ' " % L $ %& 2 , & & & & & & , 9 $ ; & ' & 9 ( " & $ %& " , ; $ ! @ '@ #3 1 < " & " ( " 5 0 $"W 5 3 < " & " < ( 3 $"%& " $ 5 " E 5F D 1K 5 L 9 E )K L $ ? . & A . 5 0 / * $A% ' ) / : A , $ = 9 5 " & , # , H ) < " $ &&& " ' * & 1 5 ) 0 9 5 $ % " / " 1 5 6 " ) " ) ' ( 5 A 4 $ J& ) 3 & % $ 8& 1 " " 5 5 ) ' A ( $ % & ) ) : :
& , " ( & / & " & $ % $'&*E ( ) ) ) ( % * +( , $ - . 3. DATA-HIDING ALGORITHM
WSQ Encoder Fingerprint Image
Quantizer
Huffman Encoder
Quant. Table
Huff Tables
Wavelet Transform Filters
Compressed data
WSQ Decoder
Compressed data
Huff Decoder
Quant. Decoder
Huff Tables
Quant. Table
Inverse
Fingerprint
Wavelet Trans.
Image
K L
0.9
Filters
0.8 "h0"
"h1"
0.8 0.6 0.7 0.6
0.4
0.5 0.2
0.4 0.3
0
0.2 -0.2
0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 -4
-3
-2
-1
K L
-0.4
-0.6 0
1
2
3
4
-4
-3
-2
K L
-1
0
1
2
! "# $ % &' ')(* '
@ #" & &
, " 9 , $ + , $ + , " % & + , J& & ' &* "& * " 0 5K 5 9 L $ = " " " $%& 0 ) 0 " 5 1 $% " ) " " ; . - # , 6 $ , $ & 0 ( ) - $ % $'&*E ( ) ) ) ( " " 6 # - 6 " " , @ ) , A " ' $'& # 0 J& & .( 9 ) ' " & 0 & & 9 & / ) $%& 1K 1 L $*%& ) 1 ) : ,
" $ W ) 5 / 5 9 1 ' 9 & $( " & & & " ) '5 0 & 3 1 / $ ' " ) 9 " 5 / 1 1 $
%& " "0 9
& 5 @K * 5 * ) L $ %& " & ' ( . ) & " 5 9 9 " $$ - ' 0 & " H " 5= $ F $% " 5 3 , 0 & $ = & & F K L ) 1 0 2 2 $ D ) < ) 3 < 5 " E 3 ) ' $ , ; E F 5 , 1 1 /= $&F K L $ -/ & & " ' " " " ) 9 " $ - ( & , ' , $ 4. RESULTS
& " " , * 5 , )0 $ / & @ ( " "0 " '" 9 ( " & $ % " A 5 ' 5 $ ) ' & " " K ; " ( L 4 ' 1 3 " $1% ) ) & " $% 4 , 5 1 '1 5. CONCLUSIONS
K L
K L
K L
' ' # ( % % ! $ %' $ $ ) ' ' ! ! % ' B& $ W $ - (E 3 3 H $ H H E $ 9 '5 ,
$& ' & ) 9 4 ' , ' " $
M E N REFERENCES *# 7! ' , "= & # 0 E 3 3 $ M F ,N $ 5$ J& $ W"$ J& ' ?$ $ ' < 4 %$ 2 $ %& "=(J& ) < 0 $
U S (U Q
U "P P # D D - $E 3 3 H $ M ,N , %/2 ) , ) 2 ) 4 8&8&8/% $ B& $ W $ E $E 3 3 3 $ D H $ M N@$ J& "$ W"$ )-$ % 3 " J :# ' % B& $ D W $ ! E 3 3 H $ E D $ M D NW"$ ) V1 V( & " ( "%- 5 B& $ E W $ ')E 3 3 $ D $ M H N# $ ) 1 " V( $ 8&8&8
6.
M N 5$ "$ # 5$ I ' ( )-$ 2"$ % 0 4 , " " 4 V( $ 8&8&8 B& $ H W $ H E 3 3 $E H , E $ M N"=&$ -$ V ?"$ $ - ) 5$ "$ I )2 -* ' V( $ 8&8&8 B& $ W $ ')E 3 3 $ E H F E $
