Siemens Mobility worldwide Centre of Competence for metro automation : ..... DFS may lead to association times between o
Siemens Transportation Systems
HIGH AVAILABILITY TRAIN TO WAYSIDE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR METRO APPLICATIONS
November 2008
© Siemens Transportation Systems
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Siemens Transportation Systems France
• Siemens Mobility worldwide Centre of Competence for metro automation : – Fully automated metros – Automated Train Control
Siemens Mobility worldwide Centre of Competence for Turnkey rubber-tyred and steel wheel Automated Guided Transit (AGT) Supplier in France of the products and services of Siemens Mobility division Trains, tramways, locomotives, electrification
Services for operation and maintenance
November 2008
© Siemens Transportation Systems
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STS France references for turnkey systems and metro control systems
Helsinki
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Lille
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Chicago
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Paris
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New York
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Prague Prag
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Rennes
Budapest The image cannot be display ed. Your computer may not hav e enough memory to open the image, or the image may hav e been corrupted. Restart y our computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, y ou may hav e to delete the image and then insert it again.
Turino Turin
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Toulouse
Lyon
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Barcelone
San San Juan Juan
Uijeongbu
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Hong Kong
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Alger
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Taipei
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Caracas The image cannot be display ed. Your computer may not hav e enough memory to open the image, or the image may hav e been corrupted. Restart y our computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, y ou may hav e to delete the image and then insert it again.
Mexico MexicoDF The image cannot be display ed. Your computer may not hav e enough memory to open the image, or the image may hav e been corrupted. Restart y our computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, y ou may hav e to delete the image and then insert it again.
Rio
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Santiago Turnkey line (Val) Metro automation
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The image cannot be display ed. Your computer may not hav e enough memory to open the image, or the image may hav e been corrupted. Restart y our computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, y ou may hav e to delete the image and then insert it again.
SãoATC Paulo for Val ATC for metro November 2008
© Siemens Transportation Systems
OSMES Radiocommunicationsystem 3
Advanced Automatic Train control : Trainguard MT CBTC
On-board localisation
Moving blok
Free propagation radio
Simplified signalling
CBTC : Communication Based Train Control November 2008
© Siemens Transportation Systems
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Radio transmission for metro applications Requirements for CBTC applications
• • • •
Bidirectional and continuous transmission, including yard area Adaptable to various line configurations and topologies Compliant with various train operations Line operation for up to 30 years
• • • •
Using adaptable frequency bandwidth, licensed or not, (from 2 to 6GHz) With low data rate : CBTC needs < 50Kbits/s With fully transparent handover management (Seamless roaming = 0ms). With high availability level : (Trains stop without transmission > 3s) – Train frame error rate < 10-8 , taking account of system architecture – No transmission loss over 3s with one train, no more than three times per year – No transmission loss over 3s with all trains, no more than once per 10 years Support railways environment (EMC, T°, Vibrations)
•
November 2008
© Siemens Transportation Systems
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Radio Propagation for metro applications Transmission constraints
• Tunnel propagation issues : Fading, multipath, tube shape • Line configuration issues: Outdoor, mono-tube, bi-tube
Frequency diversity F1 / F2
November 2008
© Siemens Transportation Systems
Multipath, Fading
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Application in New-York Canarsie line AIRLINK : STS product for free-propagation radio communication – New-York L configuration
Bitube
8th
6th
Union Sq 3rd 1st
Tunnel Lorimer Grand Morgan Dekalb Bedford Graham Montrose Jefferson Myrtle Halsey
Outdoor East 105 Livonia Aberdeen Atlantic Rockaway New Lots Wilson Broadway Sutter
• 18 km / 24 Stations • 53 wayside radio bases ; 50 trains – New-York L Status • Radio system fully validated since July 2005 • CBTC system in revenue service since January 2006
November 2008
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Application in New-York Canarsie line AIRLINK - STS product for free-propagation radio communication • •
• • • • • •
Communication based on radio transmission in the 2.4 GHz ISM Band. Possible adaptation in the range 2GHz to 6GHz (5.9GHz used in Paris metro). Use of Direct Spread Spectrum Sequence modulation (DSSS), with long spread sequence (128 chips), optimized CRC and specific modulation – demodulation (ASIC ICARE) to optimize management of tunnel multipath propagation Transmission organized in geographical cells and time sharing (TDMA : synchronized cycles composed of communication slots) No jamming between wayside transmitters within a cell, and with the adjacent cells and no jamming between trains 64 Kbits/s data rate Data encryption, Dynamic signing management Seamless roaming : Nominal = 0ms, 256ms in case of single failure.
November 2008
© Siemens Transportation Systems
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Application in New-York Canarsie line AIRLINK : STS product for free-propagation radio communication •
Availability – Reliability : – Three kinds of diversity used : • Spatial diversity : 2 antennas per train installed on each end, with two independent propagation ways
• Time diversity : Data transmitted twice in two adjacent radio cycles, in case of poor transmission quality
• Frequency diversity : Radio cycle uses alternatively two different frequencies for each cell – Used of directional antennas, in order to minimize jamming effect – Implementation of equipment redundancy in order to mask failure during operation and maintenance operation – FCC and ETSI certified November 2008
© Siemens Transportation Systems
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Application in New-York Canarsie line AIRLINK : STS product for free-propagation radio communication Return of Experience : – Initial layout confirmed • No spare radio bases installed • Margins in line with expectations – Availability confirmed • No CBTC communication failure since revenue service • Strong resistance to interference as demonstrated by New York City jamming tests in March 2004 and September 2005 • Proven message error rate = 10-8 by train – Engineering rules confirmed : • Confirmation of layout rules, taking account of blocking trains • Confirmation of installation procedures
November 2008
© Siemens Transportation Systems
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Airlink Product range Extension towards 802.11 standards
-
DSSS based Airlink radio in operation in New-York fits demanding urban train Control requirements and is being deployed in other metro lines : Paris, Budapest, Barcelona, Sao Paulo, Helsinki
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New business and market requirements are to be taken into account : -
Need for integration of various data flows with the same radio link (CBTC, Voice, Video streaming, passenger information, etc.) Use of recognized standards Shorter time to market Increased competitiveness
- But still, achieving the same level of availability and reliability requirements. -
Therefore, STS is extending Airlink product range with a new 802.11 based version. Selection of the most appropriate radio technology on projects made on a case by case basis.
November 2008
© Siemens Transportation Systems
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Evolution towards 802.11 First application : SiwiMedia Video surveillance in Roissy Charles de Gaulle Airport (CdGVAL)
Deployment on Roissy project (L1 and LISA lines) Track 1 R16
R17
Yard Track 2
Track 1 R01B R01A
R01
T1
R02
R03
R04
R05
PR
R06
R08
R09
T3
R10
R12
R13
PX
R14
T2
R14B R14A
Track 2
• 2 Lines / 5 km / 7 stations • 20 wayside radio bases ; 11 trains • System in revenue service : March 2007 » L1 : » LISA : June 2007
November 2008
© Siemens Transportation Systems
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Evolution towards 802.11 First application : SiwiMedia Video surveillance in Roissy Charles de Gaulle Airport (CdGVAL)
•
Goal : Provide a continuous onboard video surveillance helping : – To check any abnormal situation in trains (fire, smoke, panic....) – To optimize operation, with a continuous view of the traffic
•
SiwiMedia main characteristics : – A minimum set of radio equipment, using off-the-shelf products – On-board video recording – Video streaming to wayside based on 802.11 standards, without any modification – Use of patented & optimized algorithm to manage train mobility, over IP layer – An open standard structure allowing further integration of new functions (advertising, voice communication, telemaintenance, obstacle detection....)
November 2008
© Siemens Transportation Systems
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Wished evolutions of ETSI for advanced urban train control
Higher transmission power (same as FCC), at least within tunnels to save a number of wayside radio cases Use of the [5.725 ; 5.825] frequency band, as within FCC to be more flexible, according to customers requirements and constraints Use as DFS as an option, but not as a mandatory requirement DFS may lead to association times between on-board and wayside radio, which may be incompatible with CBTC requirements Make available a new frequency band, dedicated to train control, as large as 2 Wifi channels To increase the robustness of the radio communication
November 2008
© Siemens Transportation Systems
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High Availability train to wayside communication system for advanced urban train control : CONCLUSIONS • Radio communication between trains and wayside controllers is one of the key issues for advanced train control (CBTC) • CBTC radio has to comply with very demanding requirements : harsh environment, fast mobility, extremely high availability and reliability • Mastering of a radio system for CBTC is not just a question of products; it requires: - A deep knowledge of radio transmission in Railway environments (tunnel, blocking trains, etc.) - A dedicated system architecture with diversities (special, time, frequencies) - A full knowledge and control of critical parameters of radio components - Optimized algorithms to manage train mobility
• Siemens has developed and put into operation such a radio system. Airlink product, initially based on a proprietary DSSS based transmission, is now being extended using 802.11 standards
November 2008
© Siemens Transportation Systems
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