Stable Isotopic and Geochemical Variability within ...

2 downloads 0 Views 2MB Size Report
Jun 1, 2010 - Everglades National Park encompasses 1.5 million acres of grassland glades, tropical hard- wood hammocks, pine rocklands, cypress strands,.
Western Kentucky University

TopSCHOLAR® Geography/Geology Faculty Publications

Geography & Geology

6-1-2010

Stable Isotopic and Geochemical Variability within Shallow Groundwater beneath a Hardwood Hammock and Surface Water in an Adjoining Slough (Everglades National Park, FL) Lee J. Florea Western Kentucky University, [email protected]

Dorien K. McGee University of South Florida

Jonathan G. Wynn University of South Florida

Recommended Citation Florea, Lee J.; McGee, Dorien K.; and Wynn, Jonathan G., "Stable Isotopic and Geochemical Variability within Shallow Groundwater beneath a Hardwood Hammock and Surface Water in an Adjoining Slough (Everglades National Park, FL)" (2010). Geography/ Geology Faculty Publications. Paper 14. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/geog_fac_pub/14

This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Geography & Geology at TopSCHOLAR®. It has been accepted for inclusion in Geography/Geology Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of TopSCHOLAR®. For more information, please contact [email protected].

!"#$%&'"$()*+,-./*$,0$'"#$1#,2,3)$,4$'"#$56"6*6-$607$,'"#8$968:,06'#$;#3.,0-

!"#$%&'()*"*+,-'#./'0&*-1&2,-#%'3#4,#$,%,"5'6,"1,.'!1#%%*6'04*7./6#"&4'$&.&#"1'#'8#4/6**/' 8#22*-9'#./'!74:#-&';#"&4',.'#.''!%*7>1'?@A&4>%#/&)'B#",*.#%'C#49D'EFG V""'f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`@' /4"(.45'."C"(4+'39,'>,0+3-."'+,-./"+'?,.'8."/080H 3(30,)b' ()' "C(8,.(30,)H*,>0)(3"*' +,-./"' 903:'

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

80.25

1

Canal

826 95

836

L evee 67

Tamiami

FLORIDA’S TURNPIKE

WATER CONSERVATION AREA 3B

Levee 30

e6

ve

ve

e6 7A 7C

27

Le

WATER CONSERVATION AREA 3A

41

25.75

80.5

BROWARD COUNTY MIAMI-DADE COUNTY

Le

A COLLIER COUNTY MIAMI-DADE COUNTY

Levee 31N

EAA

ay

EAA EVERGLADES NATIONAL PARK

yne B

MONROE COUNTY

MIAMI-DADE COUNTY

Miami

874

Bisca

26.0

997 1

OC

EAA

C

Homestead

NTI

S-322 pump station

ATL A

L-31W

EAN

25.5

1

Tay lo

rS

lou

Ca

gh

rd S

ou

nd

TSB PVC and PVW

25.25

Barnes Sound Florida Bay

Study area

0 0

5 5

10 MILES 10 KILOMETERS

Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1972 Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 17, Datum NAD 83

B

?$('/7)$68#6$.0$@A#83267#-$B6'.,062$ C68D$.0$-,/'"#6-'$>,/U+@' ()*' )"(.75' 80)"' .,/U4()*+'/,>8.0+"'3:"'+,-3:9"+3".)'40>03+',?'3:"' Y34()30/'F,(+3(4'Q0*1"@'('."4(30C"45':01:@'7-3'4,9H ."40"?' 3,8,1.(8:0/' ?"(3-."' 0)' +,-3:"(+3' W4,.0*("3.,8,403()' (."(' ()*'3:"'4(.1"'(1.0/-43-.(4'*0+3.0/3'+-..,-)*0)1'3:"' /035',?'[,>"+3"(*< ' A:"'7"*.,/U',?'3:"'+3-*5'(."('0+'3:"'R88".' T4"0+3,/")"'\0(>0'V0>"+3,)"'3:(3'9(+'*"8,+03"*' *-.0)1'>(.0)"'0+,3,8"'+-7+3(1"'_\P=`'O""(74"'_%&H%II' >"(+-."*'-+0)1'('1(+'>0)08".>"(>"3".`@'()*'4,H /(445' .0**4"*' 903:' 3,-/:0)1HC-1' >(/.,8,."+' /."H (3"*' 75' 3:"' +5)*"8,+030,)(4' 70,3-.7(30,)' 75' ")H *,7")3:0/' ,.1()0+>+' _F-))0)1:(>' "3' (484"+',?'3:"'\0(>0'V0>"H +3,)"'0)'T(4>('D0+3('[(>>,/U'."C"(4'('/,>8,+0H 30,)'*,>0)(3"*'75'/(4/03"'903:'4"++".'(>,-)3+',?' (.(1,)03"'_(C,-)3+' ,?'m-(.3j'_(C,*02"*' 75' *0++,4-30,)")3',?'+,04+'0)'3:"+"'/,44(8+"'?"(3-."+'>(U"' 3:">' ()(4,1,-+' 3,' 3:"' o7()()(' :,4"+p' ,?' +>(44' /(.7,)(3"'0+4()*+'_\54.,0"'"3'(40)(3"@'1.,90)1'?.,>'('4(5".',?' 8"(3' 3:(3' >()34"+' (' /,>84"#' /,..,+0,)' +-.?(/"")3'+0)/"'3:"'4(+3'+"('4"C"4'?(44'(3'3:"' ")*',?'\P='O""H (704035',?'%&H%I' 0+' +3.,)145' +"(+,)(4b'+,>"'>(8+',?'3:"'gr88")'/4(++02/(30,)' *"80/3'+,-3:'W4,.0*('(+'Y9'_3.,80/(4@'*.5'90)3".`' /40>(3"'_Y1-(*,'()*'X-.3@'I&&^`@'9:"."'3:"'+"(H +,)(4035' ."+-43+' ?.,>' 3:"' +->>".' 8,4"9(.*' +:0?3' ,?' 3:"' P)3".3.,80/(4' F,)C".1")/"' s,)"' _PAFs`,0+3-."' "C(8,.(3"*' ?.,>' 3:"' a-4?' =3."(>'_g,33"U'"3'(4@'I&&J`< ' A:"' .(0)?(44' ."10>")' 0)' +,-3:' W4,.0*(' 0+' *,>0)(3"*'75'?."m-")3@'()*',?3")'0)3")+"@'/,)C"/H 30,)' +3,.>+' *-.0)1' 3:"' +->>".' >,)3:+' ()*' 4"++' ?."m-")3' 3.,80/(4' /5/4,)"+' *-.0)1' 3:"' 4(3"' +->H >".'()*'"(.45'?(440*H+->>".'_f-45'3,' "(.45'Y-1-+3`'8".0,*',?'."*-/"*'.(0)?(4474"@'I&&K`< ' =,-./"'9(3".+'?,.'8."/0803(30,)'0)'3:"'SCH ".14(*"+@'3:"."?,."@'/,>"'?.,>'?,-.'>(0)'+,-./"+M' /,)30)")3(4' >,0+3-."' 7.,-1:3' 8.0>(.045' *-.0)1' 3:"'90)3".'()*'+8.0)1'>,)3:+'(+',//(+0,)(4'?.,)H 3(4' +5+3">+' ")3.(0)"*' 0)' 3:"' 8."C(040)1' B"+3".H 40"+b'/,)C"/30C"'>,0+3-."@'4,/(445'*".0C"*@'*-.0)1' 3:"' 9(.>' +->>".' >,)3:+b' /,)C"/30C"' >,0+3-."@' 7.,-1:3',)+:,."'?.,>')"(.75'3.,80/(4'9(3".+'*-.H 0)1'3:"'+->>".b'()*'3.,80/(4'9(C"+'()*'/5/4,)"+@' /,)C"5"*'?.,>'('*0+3()/"'8.0>(.045'75'3:"'A.(*"' B0)*+' *-.0)1' 3:"' 4(3"' +->>".' ()*' ?(440*0350*035'(C".(1"+' ZOl@'3:"'3:",."30/(4'+4,8"',?'3:"'V,/(4'\"3",.0/' B(3".'V0)"'_V\BV`'+:,-4*'7"'7"39"")'O'()*'J' _a,)2()30)0@'%eKJ`@'()*'3:0+'0+'C(40*(3"*'75'4,)1H 3".>' >,)03,.0)1' ,?' +-.?(/"' 9(3".+' ?.,>' W4,.0*(' 9:0/:'+:,9'('V\BV'903:'('+4,8"',?'O'3:(3'8."*0/3"*'75'3:"'a\BV,0+3-."@' 8."/080H 3(30,)' ?,44,90)1' 3:"' a\BV' *-.0)1' .(0),-3' 9044' 8."+".C"'('!"#'C(4-"',?'%&' 3:"' 4(3"'90)3".'-)304'3:"'\=!'/,-4*'7.0)1'3".."+3.0(4H *".0C"*@' ()*' 3:-+' 3.()+80.(30,)H0)6-")/"*@' >,0+H 3-."'?.,>'3:"'9"+3'()*'),.3:9"+3@'3:"'A.(*"'B0)*+'

!"#$%&'"$()*+,-./*$,0$'"#$1#,2,3)$,4$'"#$56"6*6-$607$,'"#8$968:,06'#$;#3.,0-

(?3".' 3:"' \=!' 3:.,-1:' 3:"' "(.45' 90)3".' >01:3' 7.0)1' >(.030>"H*".0C"*@' ()*' 3:-+' "#/4-+0C"45' "C(8,.(30,)H7(+"*@' >,0+3-."' ?.,>' 3:"' X(:(>(+' ()*'3:"'=3.(03+',?'W4,.0*('_W01-."'%(`,+8:".0/' FGI' /,)/")3.(30,)+@' ()*' 2#' /(.7,)'-+0)1'3:"'")j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b'('+:(44,9'9"44'0)'3:"'7"*.,/U'903:0)'T(4>(' D0+3('[(>>,/Ub'()*'A(54,.'=4,-1:'3,'3:"'"(+3',?' T(4>('D0+3('[(>>,/U'_W01-."'%(`0+3.5@'8.0>(.5'/(30,)+'()*'()0,)+@'()*'+3(74"' 0+,3,8"+',?',#51")@':5*.,1")@'()*'/(.7,)< ' G-.' +8"/02/' 8-.8,+"+' 0)' /,44"/30)1' 3:"+"' *(3(' (."' ?,-.?,4*M' %`' 3,' 7"33".' /:(.(/3".0j"' 3:"' ."4(30C"' ."+8,)+"' ,?' 9(3".' 4"C"4+' 0)' 3:"' +4,-1:' ()*' 3:"' :(>>,/U' 3,' 8."/0803(30,)' "C")3+b' I`' 3,' ,7+".C"' +"(+,)(4' 3.")*+' 0)' 9(3".' /:">0+3.5' ()*' ."4(3"'3:,+"'3.")*+'3,'3:"'4,/(4'/40>(3"b'E`'3,'0*")H 30?5@'-+0)1'+3(74"'0+,3,8"+@'3:"'3.()+8,.3'8(3:9(5+' ?,.')"(.H+-.?(/"'9(3".+'903:0)'3:0+'8,.30,)',?'3:"'

!"#$%&'"$()*+,-./*$,0$'"#$1#,2,3)$,4$'"#$56"6*6-$607$,'"#8$968:,06'#$;#3.,0-

SC".14(*"+' "/,+5+3">b' ()*' ^`' 3,' m-()30?5' 3:"' "#/:()1"' ,?' 9(3".+' 7"39"")' 3:"' +-.?(/"' ()*' 3:"' +:(44,9'+-7+-.?(/"< ' A:"+"' *(3(' +-884">")3' 3:"' 2)*0)1+' ,?' T.0/"'()*'=9(.3'_I&&I`'*-.0)1'('+3-*5',?'+0>04(.' +/,8",)3:45'7(+0+'()*'>()5'+03"+'9"."'),3'+(>H 84"*'*-.0)1'3:"'/,-.+"',?'3:"'+3-*5-/:')(..,9".'0)'+/,8"'903:'('1."(3".' +(>840)1'?."m-")/5(' D0+3('F(C"'_TDF`b'()*'^`'9(3".'*.(9)'?.,>'3:"' )"(.75'+:(44,9'9"44'_TDB`'0)'T(4>('D0+3('[(>H >,/U'_7,3:'3:"'/(C"'()*'9"44'+:(."'NBP='+3(30,)' P!'IOIE%I&K&EZ%e&%`< ' A,' +-884">")3' 3:"+"' +(>84"+@' :,-.45' 9(3".H4"C"4' >"(+-.">")3+' 9"."' /,44"/3"*' *-.0)1' 3:"'/,-.+"',?'3:"'+3-*5'-+0)1'80"j,>"3".+'(3'7,3:' 3:"'A=' ()*' TDB' +03"+"(+-.">")3+',?' 8."/0803(30,)' (>,-)3' 9"."' /,44"/3"*' -+0)1' (' .(0)' 1(-1"'(3'3:"'A='+03"< ' T."/0803(30,)' 9(3".+' 9"."' /,44"/3"*' ?,.' ()(45+0+'-+0)1'('?-))"4'()*'('I'>'4")13:',?'%'/>' 351,)' 3-70)1' ,?' (' 84(+30/' ."+".C,0.' 3,' >0)0>0j"' "C(8,.(H

30,)'?.,>'3:"'9(3".'+-.?(/"'0)'3:"'."+".C,0.'7(/U' 3:.,-1:' 3:"' 3-7"b' 3:"' 3-70)1' ()*' ."+".C,0.' 9"."' +:(*"*'()*'+:0"4*"*'75'(4->0)->'?,04'()*'0)+-4(H 30,)'3,'?-.3:".'."*-/"'"C(8,.(30,)'7"39"")'+(>84"' /,44"/30,)+(0)0)1' 9(3".' 0)' 3:"' /,44"/30,)' ."+".C,0.' 9(+'.">,C"*'(?3".'"(/:'+(>84"< ' =-.?(/"'9(3".+'?.,>'3:"'+4,-1:@'3:"'9"44@' ()*'3:"'/(C"'9"."'/,)+0+3")345'*.(9)'?.,>'E&'/>' *"83:' -+0)1' (' 8".0+3(430/' 8->884"' /,44"/30,)84"'+-03"'(3'"(/:'+03"'3:(3'(."' 8."+")3"*'0)'3:0+'8(8".'0)/4-*"M ' %`' Y' ,)"H403".' 7,334"' ,?' 9(3".' 243"."*' 3:.,-1:'('&">7.()"'/,44"/3"*'?,.'()(45H +0+' ,?' *0++,4C"*' ,.1()0/' /(.7,)' _!GF`' ]%EF' ()*' FMN'.(30,+@'2#"*'903:'E&l'[F4'3,'8."C")3'?-.3:".' 7(/3".0(4' 8.,*-/30,)@' ()*' /,C"."*' 0)' T(.(24>' 3,' "40>0)(3"':"(*+8(/"b ' I`'('+"(4"*'J&H>V'14(++'7,334"',?'243"."*'' 9(3".'/,44"/3"*'?,.']!'()*']%KG'()(45+"+b ' E`'('%IOH>V',8(m-"'7,334"',?'243"."*@'),)H (/0*02"*'9(3".'/,44"/3"*'?,.')03.(3"'()*'3,3(4')03.,H 1")'()(45+"+b ' ^`' (' IO&H>V' 7,334"' ,?' 243"."*@' ),)H(/0*0H 2"*'9(3".'3,'()(45j"'?,.'*0++,4C"*'>(i,.'/(30,)+' ()*'()0,)+b ' O`'('IO&H>V'7,334"',?'243"."*'()*'(/0*02"*' 9(3".'3,'()(45j"'?,.'*0++,4C"*'>"3(4+b ' J`' (' IO&H>V' 7,334"' ,?' -)243"."*' 9(3".' 3,' ()(45j"'?,.'+-+8")*"*'+,40*+b'()* ' Z`'('IO&H>V'7,334"',?'-)243"."*'()*'(/0*0H 2"*'9(3".'3,'()(45j"'?,.'3,3(4'>"3(4+< ' Y**030,)(445@'*-.0)1'"(/:'+(>840)1'0)3".H C(4'9"'/,44"/3"*'2"4*'>"(+-.">")3+',?'8[@'+8"H /02/'/,)*-/3()/"'_=8F`@'*0++,4C"*',#51")'_!G`@' 3">8".(3-."@' ()*' 3,3(4' (4U(40)035' (3' A=@' TDF@' ()*' TDB0)-3"+"(+-.">")3+' _3">8".(3-."@' 8[@' +8"/02/' /,)*-/3()/"@' ()*' *0++,4C"*' ,#51")`'*(045'.(*(.'()0>(30,)+(33".' 9"."' /(..0"*' ,-3' -+0)1' (' !"43(' D' 1(+H+,-./"' 0+,3,8"' .(30,' >(++' +8"/3.,>"3".' _PQ\=`' /,-84"*' 3,' (' F,+3"/:'"4">")3(4'()(45j".@'()*'()(45j"*'?,.']%EF@' lF@'()*'lN@'903:'.(30,+',?'lF'()*'lN'-+"*'3,' /(4/-4(3"'FMN'X(..5',)'Jw%'()*'JwI'()*'?,44,90)1' ()' -))(>"*' 3.,80/(4' 4,9' ,)' ewIO04(.< ' W01-."' E' 0+' 3:"' +:,.3".H3".>@' :01:".H ."+,4-30,)' *(3(>"*0(3"'0)/."(+"'0)'9(3".' 4"C"4'30*(4'?,./"+'(+'3:"'80"j,>"3".' 9(+'),3'C")3"*b'()*'('+:(.8@'3">8,.(.5'"#/-.+0,)' 0)'9"44H9(3".'=8F'()*'8['*-.0)1'('8."/0803(30,)' "C")3',)'ewIO< ' W01-."' ^' 0+' (' T08".' *0(1.(>' ."4(30)1' 8.0)/084"' /(30,)+@' F(@' \1@' ()*' N(dg@' 903:' 8.0)/084"' ()0,)+@' F4@' =G^@' ()*' [FGE@' ?,.' (44' +(>84"+"' *(3(@' 903:' ,3:".' /(30,)+' ()*'()0,)+'(."'8."+")3"*'0)'30>"H+".0"+'?,.>(3'0)' W01-."'O()5',?'3:"' 8(.(>"3".+'3,'3:,+"',?'3:"'2"4*'>"(+-.">")3+'0)' W01-."'I>"*0(3"45' ?,44,9+' 3:"' 2.+3' >(i,.'.(0)?(44',?'3:"'5"(.'_W01-."'O`84"+' ?.,>'3:"'9"44'()*'3:"'/(C"'*,'),3'."C"(4'('+0>04(.' +80U"' ,)' 3:0+' *(57".(0)+'4,9' "#/"83'?,.'()'(),>(4,-+45':01:'+80U"',?'E%K'+1wV' ,)' KwIe' *-.0)1' 3:"' >0*H+->>".' *.,-1:3' _W01-."' O`84"'()*'4"++'3:()'Ol'?,.'(44'+(>84"+< ' P)' W01-."' J@' *(3(' ?.,>' 0+,3,80/' ()(45+"+@' !"#@' FMN' .(30,+@' ()*' 8FGI' (."' 8."+")3"*84"',)'KwIe@'3:"+"']%EF!GF' 8"(U+'/,0)/0*"*'903:'8"(U+'(3'3:"'9"44< ' FMN' .(30,+' 9"."' :01:"+3' (3' 3:"' /(C"@' (C".(10)1'(88.,#0>(3"45'%e>".' 3,' ?(44' _W01-."' J`(3"45' %^".@' (43:,-1:' .(30,+' (3' 3:"' 9"44' 9"."' 1")".(445' 4,9".' 3:()' 3:"' +4,-1:(#0>->'C(4-"',?'%e(3"45' %L(1)03-*"' 0)' A(54,.' =4,-1:' _W01-."' I`()0?"+3"*'(+'()'0)/."(+"',?'9(3".'4"C"4' |'"03:".'75'*0."/3'(**030,)'3,'+-.?(/"'9(3".+@'(+'0+' 3:"' /(+"' ?,.' 3:"' +4,-1:@' ,.' 75' .(80*' 8"./,4(30,)' 3:.,-1:' (' 3:0)' C(*,+"' j,)"' ,?' C".5' 8,.,-+' ()*' +,4-30,)H>,*02"*'.,/U@'(+'0+'3:"'/(+"'?,.'3:"'/(C"' ()*'3:"'9"44(3"45'%O' +"/,)*+'9:")'3:"'+,04'9(+'+(3-.(3"*0+3.5' ,?' 3:"+"' F(H[FGE' 9(3".+' (4+,' /:()1"+' _W01-."' E`' +-73.,80/(4' /,)*030,)+@' 03' /,>"+' (+' ),' +-.8.0+"' 3:(3' "C(8,3.()+80.(30,)' _SA`' .(3"+' (."' C".5' :01:' 0)' 3:"' SC".14(*"+,."' 3:()' ZOl' ,?' (C".(1"' 8."/0803(30,)@' 903:' 3:"' -)"C(8,.(3"*' 7(4()/"' /,)3.07-30)1' 3,' .-),??' ()*' 0)243.(30,)' 3,' 1.,-)*9(3".
'3:"'*.5' +"(+,)'3,'9"3'+"(+,)b'3:"+"'9(3".+'301:345'/4-+3".' ,)' 3:"' T08".' *0(1.(>' _W01-."' ^`'."C"(4+'3:(3'+4,-1:'9(3".+'/()' :(C"' N(' ()*' \1' /,)/")3.(30,)+' "4"C(3"*' (7,C"' 3:"' /(C"' ()*' 9"4484"+' ,//-.' *-.0)1' 3:"' *.5' +"(+,)' _W01-."' O`8(."*' 3,' ()' (C".(1"' ,?' Z1wV' 0)' 3:"' /(C"'()*'3:"'9"44@'."+8"/30C"4584"' /,)/")3.(30,)' ,?' +-.?(/"' 9(3".+' *-"' 3,' "C(8,3.()+80.(30,)' _SA`' ()*' (' >0#0)1' ,?' +-.?(/"' 9(3".' ()*' ,)"' ,.' >,."' "#3".)(4' +,-./"+' +-/:' (+' 8."/0803(30,)@'/()(4'9(3".@'()*'*""8'1.,-)*9(3".' *.0C"' 3:"+"' ,7+".C"*' 8(33".)+' ,?' *0++,4C"*' +,40*+' 0)' 3:"' +4,-1:' /,>8(."*' 3,' 3:"' /(C"' ()*' 9"448(.0+,)+'0+'*0?2/-43
+'_W01-."+'J'()*'Z`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j"*' /,)C"/30,)>,/U+'()*'80)"'.,/U4()*+@' *"84"3"*' 0)' !' ()*' %KG' _W01-."' J`@' ."/:(.1"+' 3:"' +-.?(/"'9(3".'0)'3:"'+4,-1:@'9:0/:'0+'").0/:"*'0)' 3:"':"(C0".'0+,3,8"+84"@' 3:"' 4,9"+3' /,)/")3.(30,)+' ,?' N(@' \1@' g@' ()*' F4' 0)'3:"'+4,-1:'(."'"m-0C(4")3'3,'3:"'>"*0()'C(4-"' (3' 3:"' /(C"' ()*' 9"44' _%E' >1wV' ?,.' F4' |' W01-."' O`"),)' 7"0)1':(.*'3,'*0+/".)< ' A:"'4,9".'(C".(1"'C(4-"+',?'3,3(4'*0++,4C"*' +,40*+' 0)' 3:"' /(C"' ()*' 3:"' 9"44' _W01-."' O`' 8,0)3' 3,9(.*' 4"++' 0)6-")/"' 75' "C(8,.(30,)b' (' 8,0)3' 044-+3.(3"*'75'3:"'4,9".'(C".(1"'3">8".(3-."'()*' :01:".'(C".(1"'."4(30C"':->0*035'0)'3:"':(>>,/U' ()*'3:"'?(/3'3:(3'"C(8,.(30,)'0+'1."(345'."*-/"*'0)' +:(44,9'1.,-)*9(3".'/,>8(."*'3,'+-.?(/"'9(3".,)+3.(3"' 3:(3' 3:"' *0."/30,)' ,?' +:(44,9' 1.,-)*9(3".'6,9'0+'?.,>'3:"':(>>,/U'()*'80)"' .,/U4()*+'3,'3:"'+4,-1:< ' A:"'30>"H+".0"+'*(3(',?'=G^@'g@'()*'NGE@' ."C"(4'()'0)3"."+30)1'"C")3'3:"'+4,-1:',)'^w%%@' 9:0/:'0>>"*0(3"45'?,44,9+'3:"'2.+3'>(i,.'.(0)?(44' ,?' 3:"' 5"(.' _W01-."' O`(5' ")3".' A(54,.' =4,-1:' C0(' 3:"' =HEII' 8->8' +3(30,)' ,)'3:"'VHE%B'/()(4'E'U>'3,'3:"'),.3:"(+3',?'3:"' +(>840)1' +03"' _W01-."' %(`' ()*' /,)/")3.(3"' 0)' 3:"' +,04'C0('SA'*-.0)1'3:"'*.5'+"(+,),."'(88(.")3'0)' 3:"']%EF!GF'(3'3:"'/(C"'()*'3:"'9"44'_W01-."'J`(3".0(4' ?.,>' (1.0/-43-.(4'.-),??'()*'FH^'C"1"3(30,)8,+"*' ,?' ."?.(/3,.5' ,.1()0/'30++-"+'+-/:'(+'401)0)'0)'C(.0,-+'+3(1"+',?' *"/,>8,+030,)8,+030,)@' 903:' 0):".")345'4,9'FMN'.(30,+@'()*'E`'/(.7,)'0+'.(80*45' ."/5/4"*w.">0)".(40j"*'75',.1()0+>+@'4,9".0)1'03+' 8.,8,.30,)' ."4(30C"' 3,' )03.,1"),."'0>8,.3()3' (3' 3:"' +4,-1:' *-"' 3,' 3:"' (C(04(704035' ,?' +-)401:3' ()*' ."4(30C"45' :01:' .(3"+' ,?' 8.0>(.5' 8.,*-/30C035' ."4(30C"'3,'3:"'9"44@'()*'3:(3'3:"'9"44'0+'1,C".)"*' 75'=/")(.0,'I'(+',.1()0/'*"3.03-+'0+'3.()+8,.3"*'3,' 03'?.,>'3:"'/(C"@'3:"+"':58,3:"+"+'+:,-4*'7"'3"+3"*' 903:'?-.3:".'1",/:">0/(4'()(45+"+-4(30,)w

7-.0(4' .(3"+' 0)' 3:"' +"*0>")3+@' 9"' /()' "+30>(3"' 3:"' C,4->"' ,?' F' ()*' N' ."/5/4"*w.">0)".(40j"*' 3:.,-1:' C(.0,-+' 1",/:">0/(4' 8.,/"++"+' (3' "(/:' +03"70)0)1' 3:"+"' *(3(' 903:' 3:(3' /,44"/3"*' 0)' 3:0+' +3-*5' (+' 9"44' (+' ]%ON' ()*' (**030,)(4' 0,)' ()(45+"+'_0)/4-*0)1'N[^d'()*'TG^EH`'/()'80)8,0)3' 3:"',//-..")/"',?'+8"/02/'1",/:">0/(4'8.,/"++"+' 0)6-")/0)1'F'()*'N'6-#'(3'3:"+"'+03"+@'0)/4-*0)1@' 7-3'),3'40>03"*'3,@'(>>,)02/(30,)@'*")03.02/(30,)@' ()*' 8:,+8:(3"' ."*-/30,)' _X."))".' "3' (4"' 8.,1."++0C"45' :01:".' 0)' 3:"' 90)3".' >,)3:+' (+' +-.?(/"' 8.,*-/30C035' +4,9+' *,9)@' +-88,.30)1' +/")(.0,' I' _W01-."' J`@' 9:0/:+"4C"+'(."'),3' 0*")30/(4'7"39"")'3:"'39,'4,/(30,)+'()*'>(5'/,>"' ?.,>' (' 90*".' C(.0"35' ,?' +,-./"+' 0)' 3:"' +4,-1:' 9(3".01:3'0)/."(+"'*-"' 3,'3:"'90*"+8."(*'1.,93:',?'9,,*0".'84()3+'+-/:' (+'+(91.(++@'9:0/:'0+'+-88,.3"*'75'+0>04(.'3.")*+' 0)' l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a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gNGBVS!aS\SNA= ' Q"+"(./:' 0)' SNT' ,//-.."*' -)*".' T(.U' =".C0/"' 8".>03' )->7".' SDSQHI&&ZH=FPH&&I&' 0++-"*' 3,' 3:"' R")3,.+:08'903:'g"C0)' F-))0)1:(>@'T"3".'[(..0"+@'()*'X,1*()'G)(/@'(+' 9"44'(+'3:"'/,)+3.-/30C"'/,>>")3+',?'f,)'\(.30)' ()*'W."*'=0"9".+< QSWSQSNFS= Y1-(*,@' S),4,15@'EOM'%IeH%^K< F.(01@' [".0/()' X-44"30)@' *,0M' %&74"@'!0*H+->>".'*.,-1:3(3,4,15'e^_%HI`M'IOHE^< W(.m-:(.@' a0/(4' 0)*0/(3,.+',?'1.,-)*9(3".'."/:(.1"'0)'3:"'+-.2/0(4' (m-0?".'+5+3">@'SC".14(*"+'N(30,)(4'T(.U@'W4,.0*(@' R=Y,.8:,4,15@' [5*.,4,15@' ()*' a",/:">0+3.5' |' Y' A.07-3"' 3,' !"."U' F".0/('=8"/0(4' T(8".@'X,-4*".@'F,4,.(*,@'C

Suggest Documents