Dec 5, 2013 ... 155. 25 to 29 years old. 60 to 64 years old. Victims of gender violence by age
group. Under 18 years old. 18 to 19 years old. 20 to 24 years old.
5 December 2013
Statistics on Domestic Violence and Gender Violence Year 2012
The total number of victims of gender violence recorded in the Register 1 is 29,146 women, 9.6% less than in 2011 The rate of victims of gender violence recorded in the Register in 2012 is 142.3 per 100,000 women aged 14 years old and over The total number of victims of domestic violence decreases 5.8% as compared with the previous year The total persons recorded in the Register as victims of gender violence or domestic violence in 2012 reached 36,641, registering a decrease of 9.2% as compared with the previous year. A total of 33,738 of them were females and 2,903 of them were males. Victims and persons reported on domestic and gender violence by sex Absolute values Year 2012 Gender violence Total Victims (females) Total Persons Reported (males) Domestic violence Total Victims Males Females Total Persons reported Males Females Total Persons both Reported and Victims Males Females
29,146 29,048
7,298 2,788 4,510 5,400 4,091 1,309 197 115 82
Note: Results referred to cases (with interim measures ordered) registered in the Register thoughout 2012. Source: Statistical use of the Central register for the protection of victims of domestic and gender violence.
1
Central Register for the protection of victims of domestic and gender violence
1
Gender violence Gender Violence is understood to be all physical and psychological act of violence (including attacks on sexual freedom, threats, coercion or arbitrary denying of freedom) carried out against a woman by a man who is or has been her spouse, or who is or has been linked to her by a similar sentimental relationship, even if without cohabitation.
Victims of gender violence 29,146 victims of gender violence (women) were registered in 2012, in cases in which interim measures had been ordered, 9.6% less as compared with the previous year. By age group, more than half of the victims of gender violence (51.2%) were aged 25 to 39 years old, a similar figure to that registered in 2011.
Victims of gender violence by age group Absolute values Year 2012 Number of victims TOTAL Under 18 years old 18 to 19 years old 20 to 24 years old 25 to 29 years old 30 to 34 years old 35 to 39 years old 40 to 44 years old 45 to 49 years old 50 to 54 years old 55 to 59 years old 60 to 64 years old 65 to 69 years old 70 to 74 years old 75 years old and over
29,146 545 919 3,555 4,559 5,252 5,112 3,989 2,399 1,325 604 364 233 135 155
The rates of victims, as compared with the total population of women, reached their peak in the bracket aged 25 to 29 years old (307.8 victims per 100,000 women aged 14 years old and over), followed by the bracket aged 20 to 24 years old (292.4) and the bracket aged 30 to 34 years old (283.8).
2
Rates per 100,000 women aged 14 years old and over
Victims of gender violence by age group. Year 2012 292.4 210.2
307.8
283.8
257.6 211.8 132.9
65.6
80.9 43.1
28.5
19.9
14.6
6.0
ld ld ld ld ld ld ld ld ld ld ld ver old s old rs rs o nd o rs o ars o ars o rs o ars o rs o ars o rs o ars o ars o r a a a a a a a e e e e e e e e e e e e e a y 4 y 9 y 64 y 69 y 9 y 54 y ld 9 y 44 y 4 y 29 y 34 y 9 y 18 o o 7 ars o o o o 5 o 4 o 3 o o o o 2 o 1 er t t t t t t t t t t t t d 0 5 0 0 5 5 0 5 0 5 0 8 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 y e Un 75 Rates calculated on the female population aged 14 years old and over of the population figures at 1July 2012.
Two out of three victims of gender violence were born in Spain (65.5% of the total).
Victims of gender violence by place of birth Absolute values Year 2012 TOTAL Born in Spain Born abroad Europe America Africa Asia and Oceania
Number of victims 29,146 19,097 10,049 3,495 4,629 1,729 196
The rate of victims per 100,000 women aged 14 years old and over was higher in those that were born abroad (345.9) than in those born in Spain (108.6). Within the victims born abroad, those from Africa and America presented the highest rates, whereas those from Asia and Oceania registered the lowest rates.
3
Victims of gender violence by place of birth. Year 2012 Rates per 100,000 women aged 14 years old and over
470.7 345.9
142.3
TOTAL
364.1 310.9
138.1
108.6
Born in Spain
Born Abroad
Europe
America
Africa
Asia and Oceania
Rates calculated on the female population aged 14 years old and over of the population figures at 1July 2012
By Autonomous Community, those that recorded the highest number of victims of gender violence in 2012 were Andalucía (7,161), Comunitat Valenciana (4,172) and Comunidad de
Victims of gender violence by Autonomous City and Community where the issue was recorded Absolute values Year 2012 TOTAL Andalucía Comunitat Valenciana Madrid, Comunidad de Cataluña Castilla-La Mancha Castilla y León Canarias Galicia Murcia, Región de Balears, Illes Extremadura Aragón País Vasco Asturias, Principado de Cantabria Navarra, Comunidad Foral de Rioja, La Melilla Ceuta
29,146 7,161 4,172 3,427 3,038 1,611 1,520 1,432 1,294 1,180 776 746 728 675 446 334 311 194 58 43
Madrid (3,427).
4
In relative terms, Andalucía (199.0 victims per 100,000 females aged 14 years old and over), Región de Murcia (194.2) and Comunitat Valenciana (192.1) presented the highest rates. Conversely, País Vasco (69.0) and Principado de Asturias (88.5) were the Autonomous Communities with the lowest rates of victims.
Victims of gender violence by Autonomous City and Community where the issue was recorded. Year 2012 199.0 194.2 192.1 185.6 180.7
Rates per 100,000 women aged 14 years old and over
Andalucía Murcia, Región de Comunitat Valenciana Melilla Castilla‐La Mancha Balears, Illes Canarias Extremadura Total Rioja, La Castilla y León Ceuta Cantabria Aragón Madrid, Comunidad de Navarra, Comunidad Foral de Galicia Cataluña Asturias, Principado de País Vasco
164.0 157.7 154.9 142.3 139.8 133.9 130.8 125.9 124.0 119.5 113.0 101.2 93.3 88.5 69.0
Rates calculated on the female population aged 14 years old and over of the population figures at 1July 2012
Persons reported for gender violence 29,048 males were reported in 2012 for gender violence in the cases with interim measures ordered, recorded in the Register throughout the year. This represents a decrease of 9.6% as compared with the previous year. 63.3% of the persons reported were aged 25 to 44 years old. This figure is similar to that of the previous year. In relative terms (rates per 100,000 males aged 14 years old and over), the highest rates of persons reported corresponded to those same age groups.
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Persons reported on gender violence by age group Absolute values Year 2012 Number of reported persons TOTAL
29,048 72 466 2,588 3,862 4,902 5,223 4,403 3,171 1,858 1,044 607 388 218 246
Under 18 years old 18 to 19 years old 20 to 24 years old 25 to 29 years old 30 to 34 years old 35 to 39 years old 40 to 44 years old 45 to 49 years old 50 to 54 years old 55 to 59 years old 60 to 64 years old 65 to 69 years old 70 to 74 years old 75 years old and over
Rates per 100,000 men aged 14 years old and ove
Persons reported on gender violence by age group. Year 2012
257.3 254.4 248.7 223.8 206.0 172.8
100.4
114.3 76.9 50.3
8.2
36.6
27.7
14.9
ld er ld ld ld ld ld ld ld ld ld ld ld ld ov so so so so so so so so so so so so so d ar ar ar ar ar ar ar ar ar ar ar ar ar n e e e e e e e e e e e e e a y y y y y y y y y y y y y 18 old 74 69 64 59 54 49 44 39 34 29 24 19 rs er to to to to to to to to to to to to a d 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 18 ye Un 75 Rates calculated on the male population aged 14 years old and over of the population figures at 1 July 2012
Two out of every three persons reported (66.6% of the total) had been born in Spain.
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Persons reported on gender violence by place of birth Absolute values Year 2012 Number of reported persons TOTAL Born in Spain Born abroad Europe America Africa Asia and Oceania
29,048 19,333 9,715 3,312 3,670 2,440 293
The rate of persons reported per 100,000 males aged 14 years old and over was greater among those born abroad (332.0) than among those born in Spain (115.8). Within those born abroad, the highest rates of reported persons corresponded to those born in Africa and America. The lowest rates were recorded among those born in Asia and Oceania.
Rates per 100,000 men aged 14 years old and over
Persons reported on gender violence by place of birth . Year 2012 371.7
404.5
332 289.4
148
TOTAL
153.3 115.8
Born in Spain
Born Abroad
Europe
America
Africa
Asia and Oceania
Rates calculated on the male population aged 14 years old and over of the Municipal Register at 1July 2012
Relationship victim/reported person Considering the type of relationship existing between the victim and the reported person, in 27.3% of cases, the victim and the reported person were spouses, and in 7.1%, they were exspouses. In turn, in 23.3% of the cases, they kept a common law relationship, in 20.8%, they were excommon law couples, in 8.0%, the victim was the girlfriend of the reported person, and in 11.7%, she was the ex-girlfriend of the reported person. The remaining 1.8% corresponded to couples in the process of separating. In more than a half of the couples (50.6%) the reported person was between 20 and 39 years old and the victim was between 18 to 39 years old.
7
By place of birth, in 57.0% of the couples both of the partners were born in Spain, in 9.0% of the cases they were born in America and in the remaining 6.5% in other countries of the European Union.
Punishable offences 33,713 punishable offences 2 were registered in 2012, imputed to those persons reported for cases of gender violence registered during that year, 11.8% less than in the previous year. The average number of punishable offences per person reported was 1.2. 31,129 crimes and 2,584 misdemeanours were accounted for among the total punishable offences imputed. The most frequent crimes were those relating to Injuries (54.8% of the crimes), Threats (20.2%) and Torture and other crimes against moral integrity (15.4%).
Interim measures The total interim measures ordered 3 and recorded in the Register for cases of gender violence in 2012 reached 89,657, 8.7% less than in the previous year. Considering the nature of the measures, 75.0% were of a penal nature, and 25.0% were of a civil nature. The most frequent penal interim measures were the prohibition of approaching given persons (35.3% of the total penal measures), the prohibition of communicating with given persons (32.6%) and conditional release (15.1%). Among the civil interim measures, the most frequent ones were the establishment of custody rights (26.4% of the total civil measures), the establishment of food provision rights (26.0%) and the establishment of the visitation regime (24.3%).
Domestic Violence Domestic Violence is understood to be all physical or psychological violence carried out by a man or a woman, on any of the persons listed in article 173.2 of the Criminal Code (descendents, ancestors, spouses, siblings, etc.) with the exception of specific cases of gender violence.
Victims of domestic violence 7,298 victims of domestic violence were registered in 2012, representing 5.8% less than in the previous year. Among them, 61.8% were female, and 38.2% of them were male. Moreover, a total of 197 persons appeared as both reported persons and victims. The total number of victims of domestic violence was greater than the number of persons reported, with a rate of 1.4 victims for each person reported.
2 3
Each person reported could be imputed more than one punishable offence For each case, several interim measures can be ordered
8
Unlike with gender violence, domestic violence affected all age groups more uniformly. Among them, it is worth noting the age group under 18 years old (16.9% of the total). In relative terms, it can be observed that cases of domestic violence ware more frequent among female of 18 to 19 years old (39.8 per 100,000 females of that age group).
Victims of domestic violence by sex and age group Absolute values Year 2012 Total TOTAL Under 18 years old 18 to 19 years old 20 to 24 years old 25 to 29 years old 30 to 34 years old 35 to 39 years old 40 to 44 years old 45 to 49 years old 50 to 54 years old 55 to 59 years old 60 to 64 years old 65 to 69 years old 70 to 74 years old 75 years old and over
Males
Females
7,298 1,230 252 436 372 425 496 688 605 579 524 382 355 329 625
2,788 465 78 158 166 184 188 277 219 211 206 153 131 118 234
4,510 765 174 278 206 241 308 411 386 368 318 229 224 211 391
Víctims of domestic violence by sex and age group. Year 2012 Males
Rates per 100,000 inhabitants
39.8
8 ye er 1 Und
Females
22.9 18.9 10.8
16.8 12.6
21.8 15.5 14.1 13.9 13.0 11.1 9.5 9.0
21.4 11.9
22.5 13.0
22.8
22.7 15.2
17.9 12.7
19.1 12.4
15.0
14.1 15.1
r old to 19 to 24 to 29 to 34 to 39 to 44 to 49 to 54 to 59 to 64 to 69 to 74 ove ars 18 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 ld and rs o yea 75 Rates calculated on the total male and female population of the population figures at 1 July 2012
83.8% of female victims of domestic violence and 86.9% of male victims of domestic violence had been born in Spain. However, in relative terms (rates per 100,000 inhabitants), cases of domestic violence were more frequent among foreign females (23.6) than among Spanish females (18.3).
9
In the case of male victims, those born abroad presented lower rates than those born in Spain (11.6 as compared to 12.2). The highest rates of victims were those from America in the case of males, and from Africa in the case of females.
V ic tim s o f d o m e s tic v io le n c e b y s e x a n d p la c e o f b irth A b so lu te va lu e s Year 2012 M ale s
F e m a le s
TO TAL B o rn in S p a in B o rn A b roa d E u ro p e A m e rica A frica A sia a nd O ce an ia
2 ,78 8 2 ,42 4 36 4 11 6 15 7 73 18
4 ,5 1 0 3 ,7 7 8 732 257 317 136 22
Rates per 100,000 inhabitants
V ictim s of d om estic violen ce b y sex an d p lace of b irth . Year 2012
23.6 19.0
18.3 M ales Fem ale s
12.2
12.1
T o tal
11.6
B o rn in S pain
B o rn A bro ad
R ate s c alc ulate d o n the to tal m ale and fe m ale p o p ulatio n o f the p o p ulatio n fig ure s at 1 J uly 2 0 1 2
Rates per 100,000 inhabitants
Victim s of dom estic violence born abroad by sex and place of birth. Year 2012
34.0
M ales 23.6
Females
23.6 21.5 14.8
11.6
Bo rn abro ad
Euro pe
13.1
11.4
9.5
8.7
America
Africa
Asia and Oceania
Rates calculated on the total m ale and fem ale population of the population figures at 1 July 2012
10
Rates by Autonomous Community By Autonomous Community, those that registered the highest rates of victims (per 100,000 inhabitants) of domestic violence in the case of males were Andalucía (15.7), Región de Murcia (15.2) and La Rioja (15.0). Conversely, the lowest rates were registered in the Autonomous City of Ceuta (2.3) and Comunidad Foral de Navarra (6.3). In the case of females, the highest rates were registered in the Autonomous City of Melilla (35.1), La Rioja (30.5) and Cantabria (24.9). In turn, the lowest rates were recorded in Comunidad de Madrid (12.6) and Comunidad Foral de Navarra (12.8). Victims of domestic violence by sex, Autonomous City and Community where the issue was recorded Rates per every 100,000 inhabitants Year 2012 Victims1 Males
Females
15.6
12.1
19.0
22.8
15.0
30.5
21.8
9.4
35.1
19.9
15.7
24.1
19.3
15.2
23.5
19.1
14.0
24.4
18.6
12.1
24.9
18.2
13.7
22.7
17.8
11.9
23.7
16.9
12.7
21.1
16.4
14.0
18.7
16.2
12.0
20.3
13.2
11.6
14.7
13.1
2.3
24.4
13.0
9.6
16.2
12.9
10.0
15.6
12.5
10.5
14.5
11.9
9.1
14.7
11.1
9.4
12.6
9.5
6.3
12.8
Total TOTAL Rioja, La Melilla Andalucía Murcia, Región de Castilla - La Mancha Cantabria Comunitat Valenciana Extremadura Castilla y León Asturias, Principado de Canarias País Vasco Ceuta Galicia Cataluña Balears, Illes Aragón Madrid, Comunidad de Navarra, Comunidad Foral de
1Rates calculated on the total male and female population aged 14 years old and over of the population Municipal Register at 1 January 2011
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Persons reported for domestic violence In 2012, a total of 5,400 persons were reported for domestic violence, 4.1% less than in the previous year. Among them, 75.8% were males and 24.2% were females. By age, three out of four persons reported were under 45 years of age. In analysing the rates per 100,000 persons, the greatest number of persons reported was found in the group aged 18 to 24 years old for males and under 18 to 44 years old for females.
Persons reported on domestic violence by sex and age group Absolute values Year 2012 Total
Males
Rates per 100,000 persons aged 14 years old and over
TOTAL Under 18 years old 18 to 19 years old 20 to 24 years old 25 to 29 years old 30 to 34 years old 35 to 39 years old 40 to 44 years old 45 to 49 years old 50 to 54 years old 55 to 59 years old 60 to 64 years old 65 to 69 years old 70 to 74 years old 75 years old and over
Un
de
Females
5,400 335 300 668 589 737 758 784 575 323 176 77 43 19 16
4,091 240 247 540 443 531 535 603 448 244 139 61 34 12 14
1,309 95 53 128 146 206 223 181 127 79 37 16 9 7 2
Persons reported on domestic violence by sex and age group. Year 2012 53.2
43.0
Males Females 30.7
29.5
27.3
27.6
25.5
24.4
15.0 12.1
11.4
10.5
11.2
11.1
9.9
10.2
9.6 7.0
rs yea r 18
old
18
9 to 1
20
4 to 2
to 2 25
9 30
to 3
4
to 3 35
9 40
to 4
4 45
9 to 4
to 5 50
4.8
4 55
2.6
9 to 5
5.1
to 6 60
1.3 4 65
3.2 0.8 to 6
9
1.5 0.8
0.8 0.1
r 4 ove to 7 and d l rs o yea
70 75
Rates calculated on the total male and female population aged 14 years old and over of the population figures at 1 July 2012
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71.8% of females and 84.2% of males reported in cases of domestic violence had been born in Spain.
Persons reported on domestic violence by sex and place of birth Absolute values Year 2012 Males TOTAL Born in Spain Born abroad Europe America Africa Asia and Oceania
Females 4,091 3,446 645 194 263 163 25
1,309 940 369 83 200 79 7
In the rate per 100,000 persons aged 14 years old and over, it was observed that the rate of the females reported who had been born abroad (12.7) was more than twice the rate of the females reported who had been born in Spain (5.3). In the case of the males reported, the rate for those born abroad (22.0) was higher than the rate for those who had been born in Spain (20.6). The highest rates of persons reported were registered for persons from Africa, both in the case of males (27.0) and in the case of females (21.5).
Rates per 100,000 persons aged 14 years old and ove
P e rs o n s re p o rte d o n d o m e s tic v io le n c e b y s e x a n d p la c e o f b irth . Year 2012
2 2 .0 2 0 .8
2 0 .6
M a le s F e m a le s
1 2 .7
6 .4
TOTAL
5 .3
B o rn in S p a in
B o rn a b ro a d
R ate s c alc ulate d o n the to tal m ale and f e m ale p o p ulatio n ag e d 1 4 ye ars o ld and o ve r o f the p o p ulatio n f ig ure s at 1 J uly 2 0 1 2
13
Rates per 100,000 persons aged 14 years old and over
Persons reported on domestic violence born abroad by sex and place of birth. Year 2012
27.0
26.6 22.0
21.5 Males
17.0
15.7
Females
13.1
12.7 7.4
4.9
Born Abroad
Europe
America
Africa
Asia and Oceania
Rates calculated on the total male and female population aged 14 years old and over of the population figures at 1 July 2012
Relationship victim/reported person Considering the type of relationship existing between the victim and the reported person, in 27.2% of cases, the victim was the mother of the reported person, in 24.0% of the cases the victims were the children and in 11.7% the victim was the father. According to the place of birth, in 79.9% of the cases both the victim and the reported person had been born in Spain. In 4.7% of the cases they had been born in America and in 2.6% in Africa.
Punishable offences The number of punishable offences 4 imputed to those persons reported for domestic violence reached 6,328 in 2012, that is 6.3% less than in the previous year. The number of punishable offences per person reported was 1.1, the same figure as the one registered in the previous year. Of the total number of punishable offences, 5,593 were crimes and 735 misdemeanours. The most frequent crimes were those relating to Injuries (47.9% of the crimes), Threats (23.9%) and Torture and other crimes against moral integrity (14.3%).
Interim measures 11,737 interim measures were ordered 5 in cases of domestic violence registered during the year 2012, a 4.0% less than in the previous year. 75.9% were handed down to men, and 24.1% to women. Considering the nature of the measures, 95.7% were penal interim measures, and 4.3% civil interim measures.
4 5
Each person reported could be imputed more than one punishable offence. For each case, several interim measures can be ordered.
14
The most frequent penal interim measures were the prohibition of approaching given persons (36.4% of the total penal measures), the prohibition of communicating with given persons (28.3%) and conditional release (14.9%). In turn, the most common civil interim measures were establishment of custody rights (29,3% of the total civil measures), the establishment of the visitation regime (17.7%) and the establishment of food provision rights (16.7%).
15
Methodological note The 2012 Statistics on Domestic Violence and Gender Violence is compiled from existing information in the Central Register for the Protection of Victims of Domestic and Gender Violence, whose ownership corresponds to the Ministry of Justice. Statistical use of this Register has been made by the National Statistics Institute (INE), by virtue of the Partnership Agreement signed by the two institutions on 3 July 2007. The Central Register for the Protection of Victims of Domestic and Gender Violence records interim measures and protection orders relating to cases of domestic violence or gender violence, as well as data corresponding to sentences and security measures handed down as final or non-final sentences for crimes or misdemeanours. From a conceptual point of view, the current focus of these statistics is geared towards studying the pre-trial phase of the criminal process (proceedings initiated), in particular of cases with interim measures ordered, whereby they provide information regarding victims and persons reported with interim measures, and not regarding convicts, sentences or final sentences handed down. Nor does the information provided consider the total number of reports submitted, but only those that have given rise to their recording in the Register as a result of the interim measures ordered. The investigation focuses on studying cases recorded in the Register during the course of the reference period of the information. The information provided derives, then, from proceedings initiated, which, as a result of the interim measures ordered, were recorded in the Register in 2012. The purpose of these statistics is to ascertain the number of victims and persons reported in cases recorded in the Register during the course of the reference year, to examine their main socio-demographic features (sex, age, place of birth, type of relationship) and provide detailed information regarding interim measures ordered and punishable offences imputed.
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