Status of Hydropower in Japan

Status of Hydropower in Japan

May, 2007 New Energy Foundation

Contents •Energy in Japan •Present Status of Hydropower Development •Policy for Hydropower Introduction •Licensing Procedures for Hydropower Development

Energy Demand in Japan

Energy Supply in Japan (1)

Energy Supply in Japan (2)

Background of Hydropower Development •Hydropower potential survey 1) First Survey (1910-1913) To correct understand potential 2) Second and Third Survey (1918-1923, 1937-1941) To make efficient use of hydropower resource 3) Fourth Survey (1956-1959) To cope with peak load 4) Fifth Survey (1980-1985) To strengthen the hydropower development 5) Review of Fifth Survey (1993-1995) To review the promising sites

Hydropower Resources and Development Status (1) Number of Sites Developed

1,859

Total Output (kW) 22,134,054

Average Output (kW) 11,906

Possible Annual Generation Power (MWh) 92,464,155 (66%)

26

853,639

32,832

2,253,756 (1%)

Untapped

2,714

12,130,690

4,470

45,888,636 (33%)

Total

4,599

35,118,383

7,636

140,606,547

Under Construction

(31 March, 2006)

Hydropower Resources and Development Status (2) Developed Output classification

Sites

Under construction Power

Output

Output

Generation Sites

(kW)

(kW)

(MWh)

Under 1,000

445

195,209

1,249,280

9

3,439

1,000 ・ 3,000

421

751,990

4,221,711

4

3,000 ・ 5,000

165

622,415

3,321,659

4

5,000 ・ 10,000

285

1,928,750

9,963,840

10,000 ・ 30,000

363

30,000 ・ 50,000

Unexploited

Power Generation Sites (Mwh)

(kW)

Power Generation (Mwh)

371

242,190

1,218,611

13,000

67,093 1,233

2,266,800

9,204,386

22,600

96,960

523

1,961,900

7,887,463

1

27,300

133,343

340

2,287,800

9,174,150

6,058,100 28,140,354

7

126,500

499,861

209

3,313,000 12,331,126

89

3,370,600 14,946,209

0

38,000

144,738

21

801,900

2,610,500

50,000 ・ 100,000

64

4,183,690 16,398,316

0

84,800

449,484

14

879,100

2,353,400

Over 100,000

27

5,023,300 14,222,786

1

538,000

850,077

3

378,000

1,109,000

1,859 22,134,054 92,464,155

26

853,639

Total Average

11,906

U n d e r 1 ,0 0 0

Output classification (kW)

・・・・・・・・・・・・・

9

4

7

4,470

16,908

523

165

340

285

209

363

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

21

89

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ O v e r 1 0 0 ,0 0 0

1

-440000

86,683

1 ,2 3 3

4

1

2,253,756 2,714 12,130,690 45,888,636

371

421

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

-660000

32,832

445

・・・・・・・・・・・・・

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

49,739

12,200

Output

64

14

27

3

- 22 00 00

D e v e lo p p e d

0

200

400

600

800

U n d e r c o n s tr u c tio n

1000

1200

1400

U n tap p e d

Factor of Development and Promotion for Hydropower •Contribution to the energy security •Contribution to the prevention of global warming •Long-term stability of the generating cost •Function of a local energy •Promotion of regional development and regional industries 1) Ripple effects of hydropower development 2) Promotion of regional industries

Target of Hydropower Development •Present State Hydropower accounts for 10% of the total electric power supply and for 20% of the total installed capacity in Japan. Hydropower plays an important role •Future Target of the total hydropower development is 20,700MW by FY2010.

Development Targets of Conventional Hydropower FY1990 (Developed)

FY2000 (Developed)

FY2010 (Target)

Output (MW)

Ratio (%)

Output (MW)

Ratio (%)

Output (MW)

Ratio (%)

19,310

11.2

20,080

8.8

20,700

8.5

Development target of addition: 60MW/year Considerable effort is necessary to achieve this target •Decrease of the economical undeveloped hydropower potential sites •Increase public concern of the environmental conservation

Policy to Promote Hydropower •Reduction of construction cost Application of new techniques Developing technology about simplified electric generation system etc. •Reinforcement of hydropower development promotion and environment conservation •Condition ordering to hydropower development promotion Simplification and review of criteria Enhancement of Subsidy System Introduction of RPS system etc.

Outline of the RPS System •Type of Energy Covered Solar, Wind, Biomass, Hydro (up to 1MW), Geothermal •Utilization Target The target for 2010 is 12.2 TWh, which would comprise 1.35% of national electricity supply. •Fulfillment of Obligations ⅰ. By generation of electricity oneself ⅱ. By purchasing the new energy electricity from another party ⅲ. By purchasing an "New Energy Certificates" from another party

Hydro Valley Development Programmes Various Water Resources

Vitalization of Local Communities

Mountain MountainStreams Streams Irrigation IrrigationWater Water Sand-guard Sand-guardDam DamWater Water

Local LocalInfrastructures Infrastructures Small-Micro Hydro

Services Services&&Businesses Businesses Farming Farming Fishery Fishery

Fresh FreshWater WaterSupply Supply Sewage SewageDrain DrainWater Water

Tourist TouristSpots Spots Local LocalEmployment Employment

Hydro Valley Development Programmes

Subsidy System (1) •Financial assistance to hydropower plant construction cost Financial assistance (a) Excluding the installation of new technologies

(b) For the installation of new technologies

Scale of Hydro-plant

Financial assistance rate

Scale of Hydro-plant

Financial assistance rate

–5MW

20%

–30MW

50%

5 –30MW

10%

Subsidy System (2) •Interest Subsidy for hydropower plant construction cost Interest Subsidy Scale of Hydro-plant

Number of years after the beginning of operation 1 –3 year

4 –6 year

7 –9 year

10 –12 year

–5 MW

3.0

2.5

1.5

1.0

5 –30MW

2.0

1.0

1.0

-

Unit; % (rate of interest subsidy to construction cost)

1. F/S - Project Commencement F/S for Specific Sites Site Determination Concept Design Presentation to Authorities and Local Communities EIA (if required) Project Commencement

Relevant Public Authorities and Any Interested Parties

2. Project Commencement –License Acquisition Application for Permit etc.

Registration of Work Plan

Acceptance by METI

Application for Water Right Utilization

Acceptance and Permit by MLIT or Local

, , , , , , , , and Other Relevant Law

Application for Relevant Permits Power Purchase Contract

Acceptance and Permit by Relevant Authorities

3. License Acquisition –Construction Completion Start of Construction Works

Application for Safety Inspection

Approval by METI

Application for Work Completion Test Completion of Construction Works

Approval by MLIT or Local Municipality

4. Construction Completion –Start of Commercial Operation

Registration of Safety Rules Registration of Chief Engineer

Registration of Chief Engineer

Start of Commercial Operation

Acceptance by METI

Approval by MLIT or Local Municipality

EIA: Environmental Impact Assessment METI: Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry MLIT: Ministry of Land Infrastructure and Transport

Thank you for your kind attention E-mail : [email protected] Eiji Yamamoto New Energy Foundation