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Land of the Tamils and their rule

Thought provoking framework for discussion Version 1

10-Nov-09

By E.Logeswaran, Researcher, e-mail: [email protected]

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1. 200,000 to 50,000 BC: Evolution of "the Tamilian or Homo Dravida" 2. 200,000 to 100,000 BC: Beginning of the Tamil language. 3. 50,000 BC: Kumari Kandam civilisation.

Timelines of Tamil Early history

4. 20,000 BC: A lost Tamil culture of the Easter Island which had an advanced civilisation. 5. 16,000 BC: Lemuria submerged. (Refer: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumari_Kandam).

Chile 6 6087 BC: Second Tamil Sangam established by a Pandya king. 6. king 7. 3031 BC: A Chera prince in his wanderings in the Solomon Islands saw wild sugarcane and started cultivation in Kumari Kandam. East of Papua 8. 1780 BC: The Third Tamil Sangam established by a Pandya king.

New Guinea

9. 7th century BC: Tolkappiyam (the earliest known extant Tamil grammar) . 10. Mathivanan claims his interpretation of history is validated by the discovery of the "Jaffna seal", a seal bearing a Tamil-Brahmi inscription assigned by its excavators to the 3rd century BC (but claimed BC). Researcher 10-Nov-09 by Mathivanan to date toBy1600 E.Logeswaran, 2

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Refer: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangam By E.Logeswaran, Researcher

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Submerged Kumari Kandam (Tamil Nadu) has been substantiated by: Silapathikaram, Manimegalai, Tholkappiyam, Purananuru, Kalithokai, Kurunthokai, Kamba Ramayanam, Iraiyanar Akapporul, Thiruvachagam, Mahavamsa, Mahabharatha; Roman and Greek maps of – Ptolemy, Pliny, Periplus; other geological proofs of Al-Biruni observations, Sea level rise; geographical, geological, oceanography proofs

Land of the Tamils

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Refer: http://bharathgyan.com/kum.htm By E.Logeswaran, Researcher

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Birth place of Tamil Language and cradle of Tamil Civilisation.

Refer: http://www.scribd.com/doc/13227973/The-Lost-Land-of-Lemuria-FabulousBy E.Logeswaran, Researcher 5 Geographies-Catastrophic-Histories

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Tamil Country during the Sangam Age River Palar Mamallapuram Chola Kingdom River South Pennar River Kaveri

Emblems of 3 Tamil Kingdoms Chera

Musiri

Chera Kingdom

Uraiyur Capital)

River Vaigai Vanchi ((Capital) p )

Pandiya g Kingdom

Kaverippumpattinam

Madurai (Capital)

River Thamiraparani Thondi (Port) Korkai (Port) 10-Nov-09

Pandiya Kingdom

Refer: http://www.scribd.com/doc/18353654/Tamil-Nadu-6th-Standard-History By E.Logeswaran, Researcher

Pandiya Kingdom

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Before and after Christ T il Land Tamil L d

India

Tamil Land

Tamils have been living on the island long before 16,000 BC (refer Sangam) 10-Nov-09

By E.Logeswaran, Researcher

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Details of the land mass connecting Tamil Nadu and Tamil Eelam and water flowing fl i over 30 km long Land mass

Part of Rameswaram Tamil Nadu

Sethusamudram (Sea separating Tamil Nadu and Eelam)

Dhanushkodi Talaimannar

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Mannar

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Ceylon was part of the land mass of Tamil Nadu. It g when it became an island about 7000 yyears ago physically separated from Tamil Nadu TTamilil Nadu

7000 years ago Tamil Nadu Land mass

Satellite map Tamils continue t live to li on the th island after the physical separation from the land mass of Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu

Tamils are the indigenous people in Sri Lanka 10-Nov-09


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Sinhalese says that they are the descendants of Indian Prince (?) Vijaya who took refugee in the island 2500 (?) years ago after expelled from India Part of Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu Tamil king Elara rule in 204 BC

Drifting Vijaya (?)

Vijaya took refuge in 543 BC (?)

Buddhism introduced in 236 BC (?)

Historians consider that the Vijaya’s arrival in Sri Lanka to be merely a myth 10-Nov-09


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Saivaites * S i it * Saivaites

B ddhi ** Buddhists Siva Buddha

Siva People: God:

Religion:

Muslims

Tamils

Sinhalese

Allah Islam

Language (mother tongue): 10-Nov-09

?

Siva

Jesus

B ddh Buddha

Saivaism

Christianity

Buddhism

Tamil

Sinhala = Tamil + Pali + Sanskrit (Emerged after 13th century)


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Tamils and Sinhalese are Dravidians 1. Marriage 1 King Vijaya was married to a Tamil woman from Madurai 2 Similar 2. Si il Identity. Id i 1995,

Dr. R.Jayasekara , Human Genetics unit, Faculty Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka and his team collected blood samples in Colombo and surrounding areas from 102 Sinhalese, 100 Tamils, il 103 03 Burghers, h 100 00 Muslims li and d 103 03 Malays l who h were healthy, h lh normal and unrelated individuals. Altogether 608 blood samples were collected and transported by air to the department of Human G Genetics. ti University U i it off New N C tl Upon Castle U T Tyne. I the In th final fi l analysis, l i the Sinhalese and the Tamil Population of Sri Lanka appear to be the descendants of a single genetic group who had occupied this country from prehistoric times. times DNA of Tamil Nadu Tamils is matching the Eelam Tamils and Sinhalese.

3. Signed treaties in Tamil 3 a. The king of Kotte, Bhuvanehabahu VII, signed the treaty with the Portuguese in Tamil b. One of the Kandiyan Chieftains, Ratwatta Disawa, the ancestor of Srimao Bandaranayake, signed the treaty in Tamil 10-Nov-09 By E.Logeswaran, Researcher 13

Long before 600 BC there were 7 Tamil Temples which are shown below Found 2591 B.C

Maviddapuram Trincomalee

Mannar Chilaw

Galle

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Sivanoli Pada Malai (Sacred mountain of Hindu Tamils) Tamil God Murukan in Kathirkamam

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Tiruketeeswaram Tiruketeeswaram is a pre-historic sacred kovil in Manthoddam situated in Mannar District about seven miles north of Mannar town. It is famous according to legends as the kovil where Ketu Bhagavan worshipped Lord Eeswaram. Eeswaram Hence this holy shrine acquired the name of Tiruketeeswaram. According to Dr. Paul E. Peiris, an erudite scholar and historian, “long before the arrival of Vijaya (6th century B.C.) there was in Lanka five recognized ‘Eeswararns’ of Siva, which claimed and received adoration of all India. These were Tiruketheeswaram near Mahathitha, Munneswaram, Thondeswaram, Tirukoneswaram and Naguleswaram. The celebrated historian J.W. Bennet wrote (1843): “At Mantotte the antiquarian will find a field for research in the still extant remains of remote antiquity, amongst which are the vestiges of an immense tank (Giant Tank) arid the ruins of a former Hindu City, built of birch. The antiquity q y of the Hindus,, byy whom,, I humblyy p presume,, the island was originally g yp peopled, p , and their civilization at the remotest p period of history, are recognized by all the ancient Eastern Philosophers.” Another well-known historian, Cassie Chetty, had this to say: “Manthoddam was a center of international trade. Greeks, Romans, Phoenicians, Arabs, Ethiopians, Persians, Chinese, Japanese, Burmese and others vied with each other at various times to monopolise the trade of North Ceylon. Ceylon ” B.J. Perera, a reputed historian, wrote: “Although Mahathitha (Mathoddam) is first mentioned in connection with the landing of Vijaya’s second wife, a royal princess from the Pandyan Kingdom, there is no doubt that it was used as port by the Tamils long before the Aryan settlement in Ceylon. The existence of the Temple Tiruketheeswaram, the origin of which is not covered by existing records, is an indication of the antiquity of the port. Indeed Mahathitta is the only port in the Island which can be called a buried city. Mahathittha was a great port in the early centuries of the Christian era. Next we have the references in the Sangam literature of the Tamils describing Mahathitta as a great port.” Hugh g Neville,, another well-known researcher,, said in 1887 on the illustrious cityy of Mathoddam a follows: “A renowned shrine ggrew into repute there dedicated to one Supreme God symbolized by a single stone, and in later times restored by Vijaya, a Saivaite after lying long in ruins. The temple was dedicate as Tiru - Kethes - Waram.” This kovil, dedicated to the worship of the Supreme God Siva, has been the most venerated temple for centuries. This Temple and the holy waters of the Palavi Tank by its side are venerated in the sacred hymns of the two foremost Saiva saints Tirugnana Sampantar and Sundarar who lived in the 7th and 8th centuries respectively. This great 10-Nov-09 temple was completely destroyed by the Portuguese By E.Logeswaran, in the 16thResearcher century and the very stones of this Temple were used by15them to build the fort at Mannar, the churches and also the Hammershield Fort at Kayts.

Priceless relics of an ancient Tamil civilisation, including two granite lions, buried under sand for centuries, were unearthed on the beach in the town of Mahabalipuram, some 70kms south of Madras by the tsunamis that crashed into southern India 26 December 2004. Photo AFP

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Mahabalipuram, Tamil’s Submerged Temples

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Chola Rule (848 AD – 1279 AD)

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Rajaraja Cholan

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Jaffna Kingdom existed for 403 years Portuguese landed in Ceylon in 1505 and took 115 years to conquer the Jaffna Kingdom. Though the Jaffna Kingdom fell, the areas to the south called Vanni did not accept the rule of the Portuguese. It did not p payy tribute to the Kandyan y Kingdom or to any other kingdom. It functioned as an autonomous entity. Although lh h at different diff times i the h territory of Eelam came under foreign rule, it never lost its Tamil Identity. even its it borders b d remained i d intact i t t till 1833. The Jaffna Kingdom existed with Nallur as its capital from 1215 AD to 1619 AD. The following are the names of the Kings and their period of rule of Tamil Eelam:10-Nov-09


Reference: Winning Slow Victory in Sri Lanka

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Three Ceylonese Kingdoms

Kandy

K tt Kotte

Jaffna

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Map drawn in 1681

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1519

1799

Tamil King Sangili

1803 Tamil King Pantara Vanniyan

Jaffna Kingdom

Kandyan Kingdom

Kotte Kingdom

“Two different nations, from a very ancient period, have divided between them the possession of the island; the Sinhalese inhabiting the interior in its southern and western parts from the river Wallouwe to Chilaw, and the Malabars (Tamils) who possess the Northern and Eastern districts. These two nations differ entirely in their religion, language and manners.” – Sir High Cleghorn – British colonial secretary – June 1799. 10-Nov-09


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Map drawn during British Rule 1833

1897

2 Tamil Provinces 2 Tamil provinces and d 3 Sinhala h l and d 7 Sinhala h l provinces By E.Logeswaran, Researcher provinces 10-Nov-09

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Tamil State Under British Rule

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Rule from 1500 to 2009

Separate state

Tamil Kingdom 2009

Portugese Dutch British

Full Majority Sinhala Rule British Scale Rule Tamil Rule War Non Built the De Violent Facto state Tamil of Tamil Freedom Eelam S Struggle l

Sinhala Si h l Kingdom

1505

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1656 1800

1948 1833 1977 Sri Lanka Merged became the 2 kingdoms independent


Unitary State

2006 State within 24 a state

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Refer: http://tamilnadumonuments.com/history.html

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Indigenous Tamils are the owners of Ceylon 1.. Tamil a literary te a y work, o , music us c and a d dance da ce have a e already a eady been bee well e developed de e oped 16,000 6,000 BC C

2. 7000 years ago Ceylon has been the land mass of Tamil Land in India

3. Long before 600 BC six Eeswaram Tamil Temples have been worshiped in Ceylon

4. DNA of Tamil Nadu Tamils is matching the Eelam Tamils and Sinhalese. 10-Nov-09


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Group representation 1922

25% Tamils

Federations within Ceylon 1938

50% Sinhalese

25% Minotrities

Federation with India & Eelam 1939

Federation with India & Ceylon 1940

Solutions proposed during the last 30 years of the British Rule from 1918 to 1948 Rejected

Independent Separate Sinhala 1920 Territorial Eelam 1944 State 1944 Representation

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Independent Unitary Ceylon 1948

Forced on Tamils 28

Solutions proposed between 1948 & 2009 1957 Regional Council

1987 North and East Merged Provincial Councils

2003 Interim Self-Governing Administration

1986 two Provincial Council in North & Reconstituted Eastern Province 1983 Provincial Level Decentralisation

1985 District Council without Executive Power 1979 District Development Council 1965 District Council

1970 Autonomous Tamil State, Muslim State & 3 Sinhala States

1995 Devolution Package for all the provinces

All the solutions were rejected or unilaterally abrogated 10-Nov-09


1959, 1968, 1976 Separate State 29

Solutions

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Countries with population less than 1,000,000 (1 million)

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Countries with population less than ~ 100,000

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Countries with population less than 10,000

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Population and Area (Square Miles)

C Country

People Speaking T il as Sinhalese Tamil Si h l Mother Tongue

Eelam, % Sri Lanka, % Eelam + Sri Lanka, % Eelam + Sri Lanka, No

92 8 100 16 84 100 31 69 100 6296366 13920037 20216403

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7532 T l Total


17800 25332

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De Facto State of Tamil Eelam

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