The Magic of Movies - Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

LESSON 7 TEACHER’S GUIDE

The Magic of Movies by Joanne Mattern

Fountas-Pinnell Level T Informational Text Selection Summary In this virtual “movie museum,” the author records the development of movies from the first movie made in 1888 to the use of digital technology today. The article highlights key events in the history of movie making, identifying important figures and describing key inventions and techniques.

Number of Words: 1,304

Characteristics of the Text Genre Text Structure Content

Themes and Ideas

Language and Literary Features Sentence Complexity Vocabulary Words Illustrations Book and Print Features

• Informational text • Article organized in seven short chapters • Chapter headings highlight topics in chronology • Events in history of movie-making • Important figures in the development of movies • Technological advances in movie-making • Movie-making has developed greatly over the past hundred years. • Advances in technology have made movies more interesting and exciting. • Critics and advertising can impact the success of a movie. • Conversational tone • Narrator talks directly to the reader • A mix of short and complex sentences • Terms associated with film, such as special effects, projector, negative, gelatin, frame • Many technical words defined in the text • Many multisyllable words, some challenging, such as celluloid, perforated, intercepted • Photographs add interest and support the text • Twelve pages of text with illustrations on most pages • Table of contents list chapter headings and pages • Timeline summarizes key events • Images of filmstrip highlight chapter headings, sometimes in the middle of a page • Internal quotation marks, exclamations

© 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

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The Magic of Movies

by Joanne Mattern

Build Background Help students use their movie knowledge to visualize the story. Build interest by asking a question such as the following: What types of movies do you enjoy? Read the title and author and talk about the cover photograph. Tell students that this book is informational text, and ask them what types of features they can expect to find in this type of selection.

Introduce the Text Guide students through the text, noting important ideas, and helping with unfamiliar language and vocabulary so they can read the text successfully. Here are some suggestions: Page 3: Tell students that this is an article about the history of movies. Suggested language: Turn to page 3 of this book. The chapter heading introduces the article as a “Museum of Movie Magic.” Ask: What about movies seems like magic to you? Read the last sentence: Let’s take a walk through our museum and learn how technology has changed the way movies tell stories. How can reading an article be like walking through a museum? Page 4: Explain that in 1888, Louis Le Prince made the first movie. The focus of that movie was actors walking around a garden, talking and laughing. Even though the movie only lasted for two seconds, why do you think it was so important? Pages 5–6: Look at the photograph of Thomas Edison and read the caption. Then look at the photographs on page 6 to view the technology Thomas Edison invented for movies. Page 9: Explain that George Méliès used new tricks to make his movie entertaining. Ask: In what way are your favorite movies entertaining? No go back to the beginning of the story and read to find out about the history of movie making.

Target Vocabulary advertise – to inform the public about products, p. 9

entertaining – funny or enjoyable, p. 9

jolts – sudden bursts of energy or excitement, p. 6

angles – points of view, or ways of seeing things, p. 11

focus – pay attention to something, p. 4

promote – to make something popular, p. 12

critics – people who judge artistic creations, p. 12

generated – created or produced, p. 13

target – a goal or aim, p. 13

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thrilling – exciting, p. 13 Lesson 7: The Magic of Movies

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company


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Read

Have students read silently while you listen to individual students read aloud. Support their understanding of the text as needed. Remind students to use the Summarize Strategy the important parts of the text they have read in their own words.

and to pause to put

Discuss and Revisit the Text Personal Response

Invite students to share their personal responses to the story. Suggested language: Which of the movies mentioned in this article would you like to see? Why?

Ways of Thinking As you discuss the text, help students understand these points: Thinking Within the Text

Thinking Beyond the Text

Thinking About the Text

• The first movie, just two seconds long, was made in 1888.

• Movies have become more interesting and exciting over time.

• The filmstrips images make the chapter headings stand out and help readers focus on the topic.

• What might seem like magic is really the result of technology.

• By talking directly to the reader, the author keeps readers engaged.

• Throughout the 1900s, technology has made it possible to see movies on a wide screen, in color, with sound, and without distortion. • Moviemakers advertise their movies and critics write reviews of movies.

• Computers and technology will continue to change the way movies are made.

• The timeline at the end of the article summarizes the most important events in the order in which they happened.

© 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

Choices for Further Support • Fluency Invite students to choral read a section of the text that includes dates, names, and facts, and read it at an appropriate rate. Remind students that they should read at a rate that is not too fast or too slow. • Comprehension Based on your observations of the students’ reading and discussion, revisit parts of the text to clarify or extend comprehension. Remind students to go back to the text to support their ideas. • Phonics/Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and word parts, using examples from the text. Point out the word kinetograph on page 6. Explain to students that the Greek root kinet means “move, or set in motion” and the Greek root graph means “to write or record.” Have students define the word. Then have them find other words in the article with the roots kinet and graph and use context or a dictionary to figure out the meaning of each word.

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Lesson 7: The Magic of Movies



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Writing about Reading Critical Thinking Have students complete the Critical Thinking questions on BLM 7.8.

Responding Have students complete the activities at the back of the book, using their Reader’s Notebook. Use the instruction below as needed to reinforce or extend understanding of the comprehension skill.

Target Comprehension Skill Fact and Opinion Remind students that they can determine if a statement is a fact, which can be proved, or an opinion, which is someone’s feeling or belief. Model how to add details to the Graphic Organizer, using a “Think Aloud” like the one below: Think Aloud

On page 8, the author writes that in 1895, two French brothers invented a projector called a cinematograph. This statement can be proved, so it is a fact. On page 9, the author writes, “as time passed, movies became more creative.” This is the author’s belief, so it is an opinion. Write statements such as these in the chart as a way to separate facts and opinions.

Practice the Skill Have students share an example of another article in which they read both facts and opinions about a topic.

Writing Prompt: Thinking Beyond the Text Have students write a response to the prompt on page 6. Remind them that when they think beyond the text, they use their personal knowledge to reach new understandings.

Assessment Prompts • What is this selection mainly about? • The author organizes the selection by ________________________________________________________________. • In the first paragraph on page 12, what does the word promote mean?

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English Language Development Reading Support Pair advanced and intermediate readers to read the text softly, or

have students listen to the audio or online recordings. Remind them that new technology continues to change the way movies are made.

Idioms The text includes some expressions that might be unfamiliar. Explain the

meaning of expressions such as on the edge of your seat (page 3) and sound…as big as the picture (page 11).

Oral Language Development Check student comprehension, using a dialogue that best matches your students’ English proficiency level. Speaker 1 is the teacher, Speaker 2 is the student. Beginning/Early Intermediate

Intermediate

Early Advanced/ Advanced

Speaker 1: What is this article mostly about?

Speaker 1: What was new and different about the movie King Kong?

Speaker 2: movies

Speaker 2: King Kong was the first movie to introduce special effects.

Speaker 1: How did the CinemaScope improve movie production?

Speaker 1: Who invented the kinetograph and the kinetoscope? Speaker 2: Thomas Edison Speaker 1: What was the first sound system for movies called?

Speaker 1: What was special about Toy Story? Speaker 2: Toy Story was the first movie animated by computer.

Speaker 2: Vitaphone

Speaker 2: The CinemaScope was the first way to show movies on a wide screen. It had two lenses, one to capture the image and the other to correct any distortion. It also showed movies in stereo, which provided great sound.

Lesson 7

Name

BLACKLINE MASTER 7.8

Date

Critical Thinking

The Magic of Movies Critical Thinking

Read and answer the questions. Possible responses shown.

1. Think within the text Using the kinetoscope was one of the first ways to watch a movie. What was one of its problems? Only one person at a time could look into the large kinetoscope cabinets.

2. Think within the text Name three people whose ideas changed movies. Thomas Edison, Auguste Lumière, and George Méliè

3. Think beyond the text What improvement to moviemaking do you think is the most important? Use details to explain your answer. I think the most important improvement was adding sound to movies in the 1920s. With sound, viewers could have a more complete movie experience. Adding stereo sound in the 1950s was also important.

4. Think about the text What is the author’s opinion of the movie King Kong? Use details from the text to support your answer. The author thinks the movie was both important and entertaining. He calls the special effects in the movie “spectacular.” He also uses the movie as an example of the special effects possible with the optical printer.

Making Connections What new invention for making movies can you think of? Describe your invention as if it was an exhibit in the Museum of Movie Magic. Tell how it improves movie making. Write your answer in your Reader’s Notebook.

Critical Thinking

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Grade 4, Unit 2: Do You Know What I Mean?

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Name

Date

The Magic of Movies Thinking Beyond the Text Think about the questions below. Then write your answer in two paragraphs. Remember that when you think beyond the text, you use your personal knowledge to reach new understandings. On page 9, the author writes that George Méliès “was also one of the first to advertise his movie so people would want to see it.” In what ways do you think Méliès might have advertised his movie? What kind of details in an advertisement do you think would motivate people to see the movie. Give examples to support your answer.

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Lesson 7

Name

Date

Critical Thinking


The Magic of Movies Critical Thinking

Read and answer the questions.

1. Think within the text Using the kinetoscope was one of the first ways to watch a movie. What was one of its problems?

2. Think within the text Name three people whose ideas changed movies.

3. Think beyond the text What improvement to movie making do you think is the most important? Use details to explain your answer.

4. Think about the text What is the author’s opinion of the movie King Kong? Use details from the text to support your answer.

Making Connections What new invention for making movies can you think of? Describe your invention as if it was an exhibit in the Museum of Movie Magic. Tell how it improves movie making. Write your answer in your Reader’s Notebook.

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Student

Lesson 7

Date


The Magic of Movies • LEVEL T page

11

The Magic of Movies Running Record Form

Selection Text

Errors

Self-Corrections

Accuracy Rate

Total SelfCorrections

Early movies were shown only in black and white, but by the 1950s, color film was available. Also by this time, Hollywood, California, had become the movie-making capital of the world. In 1953 a Hollywood movie studio called Twentieth Century Fox introduced CinemaScope. This was a way to show movies on a wide screen. In the past, the images on film were distorted if they were stretched onto a wide screen. CinemaScope also featured stereo sound. Now the sound was as big as the picture! By this time, movies were a huge industry. Movie studios

12

spent a lot of money to make movies.

Comments:

(# words read correctly/104 × 100) %

Read word correctly

Code ✓

cat

Repeated word, sentence, or phrase

®

Omission

— cat

cat

Grade 4

Behavior

Error 0

0

Substitution

Code cut cat

1

Self-corrects

cut sc cat

0

Insertion

the

1

cat

Error

1413963

Behavior

ˆ Word told

1

8

T cat

1




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