The Status of the Development Project for the 10 ...

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Energy Procedia 37 (2013) 122 – 126

GHGT-11

The Status of the Development Project for the 10 MWe-Scale Dry-Sorbent Carbon Dioxide Capture System to the real Coal-Fired Power Plant in Korea Young Cheol Parka, Sung-Ho Joa, Dong-Ho Leea, Chang-Keun Yia,*, Chong Kul Ryub, Ki-Seok Kimc, Chan Hyo Youd, and Ki Suh Parke a

Korea Institute of Energy Research, 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, Korea b KEPCO Research Institute, 105 Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-760, Korea c KEPCO Engineering & Construction Company, Inc., 2354 Yonggudae-ro, Giheung-gu, Gyeonggi-do 446-713, Korea d Korea Southern Power Co., LTD., 620 Taeheran-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-502, Korea e KC Cottrell Co., Ltd., 160-1 Dongkyo-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-898, Korea

Abstract Carbon dioxide capture system using dry regenerable K-based sorbents has been developed by Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER) and Korea Electric Power Research Institute (KEPRI). In late 2009, we installed a 0.5 MWe-scale CO2 capture pilot plant at Hadong coal-fired power plant in Korea. The pilot plant consists of a transport fluidized-bed carbonator for CO2 sorption, cyclones for separating gas and solid, a bubbling fluidized-bed regenerator for sorbent regeneration, and a bubbling fluidized-bed sorbent cooler for sorbent cooling. The footprint of the pilot plant was 6 m x 10 m and the location of that was after Gas Gas Heater of the power plant. Until now, we have performed 100-day operation campaigns to find out the optimum operating conditions and the scale-up factors for 10 MWe-scale capture process. In the operation campaigns, several operating variables such as the moisture content in the flue gas, the solid hold-up in a carbonator, the solid circulation rate between a carbonator and a regenerator, and the reaction temperatures have been changed in order to investigate the effect of those variables on CO2 capture and to derive the scale-up factors. It has been proved that above 80% of CO2 removal for 50-hour continuous operation was possible at the optimum operating conditions. At the same time, we set the small scale unit which consists of two bubbling beds for carbonation and regeneration in order to investigate the effect of the H2O partial pressure in the regenerator on CO2 removal. The CO2 removal in the carbonator increased as the steam mole fraction in the fluidization gas of the regenerator increased, although the content of H2O, which is a product component in the regenerator, increased. We proved that the K2CO3 1.5H2O has been formed in the regenerator by the XRD analysis and TGA analysis of the regenerated sorbent. The formation of K2CO3 1.5H2O makes the carbonation reaction more active so that the CO2 removal increased. It is also verified that high-concentrated CO2 can be recovered when 100% of H2O has been introduced as a steam phase to the regenerator. Thus, we also install the steam injection line to the regenerator in the 0.5 MWe-scale pilot plant. During 100-day operation campaign, we also tested high-concentrated CO2 recovery by introducing 100% of H2O as a steam phase to the regenerator.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +82-42-860-3673; fax: +82-42-860-3134. E-mail address: [email protected].

1876-6102 © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of GHGT doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2013.05.092

Young Cheol Park et al. / Energy Procedia 37 (2013) 122 – 126

The project, which develops the 10 MWe-scale CO2 capture demonstration plant, has been started at November, 2010 and will be end at September, 2014. This project consists of three sub-projects; the first one is for the sorbent development by the KEPRI, the second one is for the process development by the KIER, and the third one is for the construction and operation of the demonstration plant by the Southern Power Company. Based on the operation campaign of 0.5 MWe-scale pilot plant, KIER has finished a conceptual design of the demonstration plant. The configuration of the demonstration plant is exactly the same as the pilot plant. We are now doing the detail design of the demonstration plant with the Southern Power Company, KC Cottrell, and Korea Electric Power Cooperation Engineering & Construction (KEPCO EnC) Company. We plan to begin construction of the demonstration plant in this year and test run will be started at next year. In 2014, we plan to make a Front End Engineering Design (FEED) of the 300 MWe-scale commercial plant and to perform the economic analysis of the dry-sorbent CO2 capture technology based on the operation of the 10 MWe-scale demonstration plant. © Authors.Published PublishedbybyElsevier Elsevier Ltd. © 2013 The Authors. Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review peer-reviewunder underresponsibility responsibility GHGT Selection and/or of of GHGT Keywords: CO2 Capture; Dry-sorbent; Fludized-bed Reactor; Pilot Plant; Demonstration

1. Introduction The dry-sorbent CO2 capture technology using alkali or alkali-earth materials has been developed by Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER) and Korea Electric Power Research Institute (KEPRI) from 2002. Especially, Na or K-based regenerable solid sorbents has been studied for CO2 recovery using batch-type bubbling fluidized-bed reactor and the continuous system which consists of a carbonator and a regenerator [1-12]. CO2 in the flue gas has been efficiently captured by reacting with solid sorbents in the carbonator and the off-gas containing CO2 and H2O has been generated in the regenerator. After condensing H2O in the off-gas, highly pure CO2 can be recovered. The reactions are as follows: (1) Carbonation reaction: M2CO3 + CO2 + H2O 2MHCO3, exothermic (2) Regeneration reaction: 2MHCO3 M2CO3 + CO2 + H2O, endothermic where M represents Na or K. KIER has developed the pilot-scale continuous CO2 capture system which consists of a transport-type carbonator and a bubbling-type regenerator in late 2009. The pilot plant was constructed at Hadong coalfired power plant (Unit #3) in Korea Southern Power Company. The installation and the several test runs of the pilot plant has been reported at GHGT-10 in 2010 [7]. KIER has also developed the small scale unit which consists of two bubbling beds for carbonation and regeneration in order to investigate the effect of the H2O partial pressure in the regenerator on CO2 removal [2,3]. The CO2 removal in the carbonator increased as the steam mole fraction in the fluidization gas of the regenerator increased, although the content of H2O, which is a product component in the regenerator, increased. We proved that the K2CO3 1.5H2O has been formed in the regenerator by the XRD analysis and TGA analysis of the regenerated sorbent [3]. The formation of K2CO3 1.5H2O makes the carbonation reaction more active so that the CO2 removal increased. In this study, we reported the results of the operation campaign of the pilot-scale unit. Also, we introduced the project, which develops the 10 MWe-scale CO2 capture demonstration plant. 2. Operation campaigns of the pilot-scale unit Until now, KIER has been performed more than 150-day operation campaigns of the pilot-scale unit using KEP-CO2P1, KEP-CO2P2, and KEP-CO2P3 which were supplied by KEPRI. All three sorbents consist of K2CO3 for the CO2 sorption and the supporters for the mechanical strength. Fig. 1 shows the

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schematics of a pilot-scale unit and a real photo image. The main components are a transport-type carbonator for CO2 sorption, a cyclone for separating gas and solid, a bubbling-type regenerator for sorbent regeneration, and a bubbling-type sorbent cooler for cooling sorbent from the regeneration temperature to the carbonation temperature. Heat exchanging tubes are installed for each reactor to maintain each reactor temperature.

(a) (b) Fig. 1. (a) a real photo of pilot-scale unit; (b) a schematics of pilot-scale unit.

Through more than 150-day operation campaigns of a pilot-scale unit, KIER has reported above 80% of CO2 removal for 50 hours using KEP-CO2P1 sorbents [1] and about 85% of average CO2 removal for 680 hours using KEP-CO2P2 sorbents in the 30-day continuous operation campaign [4]. 3. On-going project for 10 MWe-scale unit The project, which develops the 10 MWe-scale CO2 capture demonstration plant, has been started at November, 2010 and will be end at September, 2014. This project consists of three sub-projects; the first one is for the sorbent development by the KEPCO-RI, the second one is for the process development by the KIER, and the third one is for the construction and operation of the demonstration plant by the Southern Power Company. Based on the operation campaign of 0.5 MWe-scale pilot plant, KIER has finished a conceptual design of the demonstration plant. The configuration of the demonstration plant is exactly the same as the pilot plant. We have done the detail design of the demonstration plant with the Southern Power Company, KC Cottrell, and Korea Electric Power Cooperation Engineering & Construction (KEPCO EnC) Company. The ground-breaking ceremony has been held in 24th August, 2012. We plan to begin construction of the demonstration plant in this year and test run will be started at


next year. In 2014, we plan to make a Front End Engineering Design (FEED) of the 300 MWe-scale commercial plant and to perform the economic analysis of the dry-sorbent CO2 capture technology based on the operation of the 10 MWe-scale demonstration plant. Fig. 2 shows the project configuration.

Fig. 2. Project configuration of the 10 MWe-scale dry-sorbent CO2 capture demonstration unit.

4. Conclusion We have performed more than 150-day operation campaigns of the pilot-scale unit in order to find out the optimum operating conditions and the scale-up factors for 10 MWe-scale capture process. It has been proved that above 80% of CO2 removal for 680-hour continuous operation was possible at the optimum operating conditions. The project, which develops the 10 MWe-scale CO2 capture demonstration plant, has been started at November, 2010 and will be end at September, 2014. The ground-breaking ceremony has been held in 24th August, 2012. We plan to begin construction of the demonstration plant in this year and test run will be started at next year. In 2014, we plan to make a Front End Engineering Design (FEED) of the 300 MWe-scale commercial plant and to perform the economic analysis of the dry-sorbent CO2 capture technology based on the operation of the 10 MWe-scale demonstration plant.

Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) grant funded by the Korea government Ministry of Knowledge Economy.

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