Threads and Threading - Machinery's Handbook 28

Machinery's Handbook 28th Edition

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TABLE OF CONTENTS THREADS AND THREADING SCREW THREAD SYSTEMS 1712 Screw Thread Forms 1712 V-Thread, Sharp V-thread 1712 US Standard Screw Thread 1712 Unified Screw Thread Forms 1713 International Metric Thread 1714 ISO Metric Thread System 1714 Definitions of Screw Threads

UNIFIED SCREW THREADS 1719 American Standard for Unified Screw Threads 1719 Revised Standard 1719 Advantages of Unified Threads 1719 Thread Form 1720 Internal and External Screw Thread Design Profile 1720 Thread Series 1721 Inch Screw Thread 1722 Diameter-Pitch Combination 1723 Standard Series Combinations 1750 Coarse-Thread Series 1751 Fine-Thread Series 1751 Extra-Fine-Thread Series 1752 Constant Pitch Series 1753 4-Thread Series 1754 6-Thread Series 1755 8-Thread Series 1756 12-Thread Series 1757 16-Thread Series 1758 20-Thread Series 1759 28-Thread Series 1760 Thread Classes 1760 Coated 60-deg. Threads 1762 Screw Thread Selection 1762 Pitch Diameter Tolerance 1762 Screw Thread Designation 1763 Designating Coated Threads 1763 Designating UNS Threads 1763 Hole Sizes for Tapping 1763 Minor Diameter Tolerance 1764 Unified Miniature Screw Thread 1764 Basic Thread Form 1765 Design Thread Form 1766 Design Form Dimensions 1766 Formulas for Basic Dimensions 1767 Limits of Size and Tolerances 1768 Minimum Root Flats 1769 UNJ Profile

CALCULATING THREAD DIMENSIONS 1770 Introduction 1770 Metric Application 1770 Purpose 1771 Calculating And Rounding 1771 Rounding of Decimal Values 1771 Calculations from Formulas 1772 Examples 1772 Inch Screw Threads 1772 Metric Screw Threads 1772 Thread Form Constants

METRIC SCREW THREADS 1783 1783 1783 1783 1784 1784 1785 1785 1785 1786 1787 1791 1793 1793 1797 1797 1798 1800 1805 1805 1808 1808 1815 1815 1815 1816 1816 1817 1817 1817 1818 1818 1818

M Profile Metric Screw Threads Comparison with Inch Threads Interchangeability Definitions Basic M Profile M Crest and Root Form General Symbols M Profile Screw Thread Series Mechanical Fastener Coarse Pitch M Profile Data Limits and Fits Limits for Coated Threads Dimensional Effect of Coating Formulas for M Profile Tolerance Grade Comparisons M Profile Limiting Dimension Internal Metric Thread External Metric Thread MJ Profile Metric Screw Threads Diameter-Pitch Combinations Trapezoidal Metric Thread Comparison of ISO and DIN ISO Miniature Screw Threads British Standard Metric Threads Basic Profile Dimensions Tolerance System Fundamental Deviations Tolerance Grades Tolerance Positions Tolerance Classes Lengths of Thread Engagements Design Profiles M Designation

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Machinery's Handbook 28th Edition

TABLE OF CONTENTS THREADS AND THREADING METRIC SCREW THREADS

BUTTRESS THREADS

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(Continued)

1819 Fundamental Deviation Formulas 1820 Crest Diameter Tolerance 1820 Limits and Tolerances, Table 1823 Diameter/Pitch Combinations 1823 Limits and Tolerances 1824 Diameter/Pitch Table 1825 Comparison of Thread Systems

1852 1853 1856 1856 1857 1857

ACME SCREW THREADS 1826 1826 1828 1828 1828 1828 1828 1828 1828 1828 1833 1833 1835 1835 1835 1836 1837 1837 1837 1838 1844 1844 1844 1844 1844 1844 1847 1847 1849

Class 2 Tolerances Buttress Thread Form Allowances for Easy Assembly External Thread Allowances Buttress Thread Designations Designation Sequence

WHITWORTH THREADS 1858 British Standard Whitworth (BSW) and Fine (BSF) Threads 1858 Standard Thread Form 1858 Whitworth Standard Thread Form 1858 Tolerance Formulas 1859 Basic Dimensions

General Purpose Acme Threads Acme Thread Form Acme Thread Abbreviations Designation Basic Dimensions Formulas for Diameters Limiting Dimensions Single-Start Screw Thread Data Pitch Diameter Allowances Multiple Start Acme Threads Pitch Diameter Tolerances Centralizing Acme Threads Basic Dimensions Formulas for Diameters Limiting Dimensions Screw Thread Data Pitch Diameter Allowances Pitch Diameter Tolerances Tolerances and Allowances Designation Acme Centralizing Thread Stub Acme Threads Basic Dimensions Formulas for Diameters Limiting Dimensions Stub Acme Thread Designations Alternative Stub Acme Threads Former 60-Degree Stub Thread Square Thread

PIPE AND HOSE THREADS

BUTTRESS THREADS 1850 Threads of Buttress Form 1850 British Standard Buttress Threads 1850 Lowenherz or Löwenherz Thread 1851 Buttress Inch Screw Threads 1851 Pitch Combinations 1851 Basic Dimensions 1851 Symbols and Form 1852 Buttress Thread Tolerances

1861 1861 1861 1862 1863 1863 1864 1865 1865 1865 1865 1867 1867 1867 1867 1869 1869 1870 1870 1870 1871 1871 1872 1873 1875 1875 1876 1877

American National Pipe Threads Thread Designation and Notation Taper Pipe Thread Basic Dimensions Length of Engagement Tolerances on Thread Elements Limits on Crest and Root Pipe Couplings Railing Joint Straight Pipe Threads Mechanical Joints Dryseal Pipe Thread Limits on Crest and Root Types of Dryseal Pipe Thread Limitation of Assembly Tap Drill Sizes Special Dryseal Threads Limitations for Combinations British Standard Pipe Threads Non-pressure-tight Joints Basic Sizes Pressure-tight Joints Limits of Size Hose Coupling Screw Threads Screw Thread Length Fire Hose Connection Basic Dimensions Limits of Size

OTHER THREADS 1878 Interference-Fit Threads 1879 Design and Application Data

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Machinery's Handbook 28th Edition

TABLE OF CONTENTS THREADS AND THREADING OTHER THREADS

MEASURING SCREW THREADS

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(Continued)

1880 1880 1881 1882 1882 1883 1884 1884 1884 1885 1886 1886 1887 1887 1890 1891 1891 1891 1891 1892 1892 1892 1892 1892 1892 1893 1893 1893 1893 1893

1903 1904 1905

External Thread Dimension Internal Thread Dimension Engagement Lengths Allowances for Coarse Thread Tolerances for Coarse Thread Variations in Lead and Diameter Spark Plug Threads BS Spark Plugs SAE Spark Plugs Lamp Base and Socket Threads Instrument & Microscope Threads British Association Thread Instrument Makers’ Screw Thread Microscope Objective Thread Swiss Screw Thread Historical and Miscellaneous Aero-Thread Briggs Pipe Thread Casing Thread Cordeaux Thread Dardelet Thread “Drunken” Thread Echols Thread French Thread (S.F.) Harvey Grip Thread Lloyd & Lloyd Thread Lock-Nut Pipe Thread Philadelphia Carriage Bolt Thread SAE Standard Screw Thread Sellers Screw Thread

MEASURING SCREW THREADS 1894 Measuring Screw Threads 1894 Pitch and Lead of Screw Threads 1894 Thread Micrometers 1895 Ball-point Micrometers 1895 Three-wire Method 1896 Classes of Formulas 1896 Screw Thread Profiles 1896 Accuracy of Formulas 1897 Best Wire Sizes 1898 Measuring Wire Accuracy 1898 Measuring or Contact Pressure 1898 Three-Wire Formulas 1899 NIST General Formula 1900 Formulas for Pitch Diameters 1900 Effect of Small Thread Angle 1902 Dimensions Over Wires 1902 Formula Including Lead Angle

1906 1906 1907 1907 1908 1910 1911 1912 1912 1912 1915 1915 1917 1919

Measuring Whitworth Threads Buckingham Exact Formula Accuracy of Formulas Acme and Stub Acme Thread Checking Pitch Diameter Checking Thread Thickness Wire Sizes Checking Thread Angle Best Wire Diameters Taper Screw Threads Buttress Threads Thread Gages Thread Gage Classification Gages for Unified Inch Threads Thread Forms of Gages Thread Gage Tolerances Tolerances for Cylindrical Gages Formulas for Limits

TAPPING AND THREAD CUTTING 1920 Selection of Taps 1922 Tap Rake Angles 1922 Cutting Speed 1922 Tapping Specific Materials 1925 Diameter of Tap Drill 1926 Hole Size Limits 1934 Tap Drill Sizes 1935 Tap Drills and Clearance Drills 1935 Tolerances of Tapped Holes 1936 Hole Sizes before Tapping 1937 Miniature Screw Threads 1938 Tapping Drill Sizes 1938 ISO Metric Threads 1939 Clearance Holes 1940 Cold Form Tapping 1941 Core Hole Sizes 1942 Tap Drill Sizes 1942 Removing a Broken Tap 1942 Tap Drills for Pipe Taps 1942 Power for Pipe Taps 1943 High-Speed CNC Tapping 1944 Coolant for Tapping 1944 Combined Drilling and Tapping 1945 Relief Angles for Cutting Tools 1947 Lathe Change Gears 1947 Change Gears for Thread Cutting 1947 Compound Gearing

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Machinery's Handbook 28th Edition

TABLE OF CONTENTS THREADS AND THREADING TAPPING AND THREAD CUTTING

THREAD MILLING (Continued)

(Continued)

1947 1948 1948 1949 1951 1951 1952

Fractional Threads Change Gears for Metric Pitches Change Gears, Fractional Ratios Quick-Change Gearbox Output Finding Accurate Gear Ratios Lathe Change-gears Relieving Helical-Fluted Hobs

THREAD ROLLING 1953 Thread-Rolling Machine 1953 Flat-Die Type 1953 Cylindrical-Die Type 1953 Rate of Production 1954 Precision Thread Rolling 1954 Steels for Thread Rolling 1954 Diameter of Blank 1954 Automatic Screw Machines 1955 Factors Governing the Diameter 1955 Diameter of Threading Roll 1955 Kind of Thread on Roll 1956 Application of Thread Roll 1956 Thread Rolling Speeds and Feeds

THREAD GRINDING 1958 Thread Grinding 1958 Wheels for Thread Grinding 1958 Single-Edge Wheel 1959 Edges for Roughing and Finishing 1959 Multi-ribbed Wheels 1960 Ribbed Wheel for Fine Pitches 1960 Solid Grinding Threads 1960 Number of Wheel Passes 1960 Wheel and Work Rotation 1961 Wheel Speeds 1961 Work Speeds 1961 Truing Grinding Wheels 1961 Wheel Hardness or Grade 1962 Grain Size 1962 Grinding by Centerless Method

THREAD MILLING 1963 Thread Milling 1963 Single-cutter Method 1963 Multiple-cutter Method 1964 Planetary Method 1964 Classes of Work 1965 Pitches of Die-cut Threads

1965 Changing Pitch of Screw 1965 Helical Milling 1965 Lead of a Milling Machine 1966 Change Gears for Helical Milling 1966 Short-lead Milling 1966 Helix 1967 Helix Angles 1968 Change Gears for Different Leads 1978 Lead of Helix 1981 Change Gears and Angles Determining Helix Angle 1982 For Given Lead and Diameter 1983 For Given Angle 1983 For Given Lead 1983 For Lead Given DP and Teeth 1983 Determine Lead of Tooth

SIMPLE, COMPOUND, DIFFERENTIAL, AND BLOCK INDEXING 1984 Milling Machine Indexing 1984 Hole Circles 1984 Holes in Brown & Sharpe 1984 Holes in Cincinnati 1984 Simple Indexing 1985 Compound Indexing 1986 Simple and Compound Indexing 1991 Angular Indexing 1991 Tables for Angular Indexing 1992 Angle of One Hole Moves 1993 Accurate Angular Indexing 2008 Indexing for Small Angles 2009 Differential Indexing 2009 Ratio of Gearing 2010 To Find the Indexing Movement 2010 Use of Idler Gears 2010 Compound Gearing 2011 Check Number of Divisions 2012 Simple and Different Indexing 2018 Indexing Movements of Plate 2019 Indexing High Numbers 2022 Indexing Tables 2022 Block or Multiple Indexing 2024 60-Tooth Worm Indexing 2025 Linear Indexing for Rack Cutting 2025 Linear Indexing Movements 2026 Counter Milling

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