West Palm Beach, Florida ... Six land-use classes were used as direct indicators of the landscape ... complicated to follow if only traditional assessment tech-.
.Iournal of Coastal Research
;;14-522
West Palm Beach, Florida
Summer 2002
Land Use Mapping and Change Detection in the Coastal Zone of Northwest Mexico Using Remote Sensing Techniques Cesar A. Berlanga-Robles] and Arturo Ruiz-Lunar Centro de Investigacion en Alimcntacion y Desarrollo Unidad Mazatlan P.O. Box 711
Mazatlan
Sinaloa 82010, Mexico ABSTRACT
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I3ERLANGA-ROBLES, C.A. and RUIZ-LUNA, A., 2002. Land Use mapping and change detection in the coastal zone of northwest Mexico using remote sensing techniques. Journal ofCoasto! Research, 18(31,514-522. West Palm Beach IFlorida), ISSN 0749-0208.
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A multitcmporal post-classification study with data from the Landsat Multispectral Scanner IMSSI and Thematic Mapper (TM) was made to detect changes in the landscape oftho Majahual coastal system, along the Mexican Pacific. Six land-use classes were used as direct indicators of the landscape condition. Mangrove, lagoon, saltrnarsh, dry forest. secondary succession, and agriculture were the categories selected to evaluate the changes by comparing four thematic maps (from 1973 to 19971. The accuracy of the classification (only in the 1997 scene) was calculated from an error matrix, using the overall accuracy assessment 170'1r) and the Kappa coefficient (0.611. Both values indicate that the agreement in the classification was moderate, but better than one obtained by chance. The analytical comparison of data sets 1197:3 vs. 1986, 1986 VR. 1990, and 1990 vs. 19971 was done by using a change detection matrix and the Kappa coefficient. Agreement between data sets varied from 61'!' to 68'1r, all moderate but enough to determine the general trends of change in the system. These are mainly typified as loss of natural COver (especially dry forest) and the fragmentation of the landscape, with agricultural activities and their subsequent effects (secondary succession, modification of drainage patterns) the main transforming agents.
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ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS: Multispectral imauc»; remote sensin!J, supervised classification, Extruction and Classificol iim ofHomogcneou» Object aluorithm (RCHOJ.
INTRODUCTION Data from airborne or space sensors are now an important source of information for monitoring coastal processes, The spectral, spatial, and temporal properties of the information provided by satellites, such as Landsat and SPOT, have been used successfully to help design and update bathymetric charts for clear waters, monitoring of water quality (suspended sediment concentration, chlorophyll concentration, Secchi-disk depth), evaluation of coastline erosion, validation of coastal hydrodynamic numerical models, and identification of How features in shallow waters (PATTIAIV\TCHI, 1992; PA'I'TIAHATCIII ct al., 1994), Management strategies for the coastal zone (CZ), which is defined as the dynamic ecosystem at the interface between land and sea where marine and terrestrial processes interact, should be based on the analysis of the environmental processes that define and regulate this zone (O'RI: I{LAN l: A, 1999 l. There a re 1:30 com m u n ities an d u rb an areas in t h e muni ci pali ty (s ix in side t he s t u dy a rea ) wit h a popul a tion of a bou t 50 0 00 in 199 5 a n d a n a n nual growth r ate arou n d I.fi'l! (INEG I, 19 99 1.
MATERIALS AND METHODS To m ake th e mul titemporal a na lys is for the st udy a rea, four im a ges from t he satellite Land sat 1pa th -ro w; 3 1-44 ) of 1973 ,1986 ,1990 , a n d 1997 we re u sed. All we re ac q u ire d betwee n Februa ry a nd May durin g th e dry season, th e firs t t wo with th e Multi Spectral Sca n ner se ns or (MSS) a n d th e la s t t wo wit h t he Th em a ti c Ma pp er se ns o r IT M I. Previou s to th is study , t he MSS im a ges we re ge omet r ica lly co r rected to (jO m per pi xel a n d ge ogra ph ica lly rectifi ed , u sin g th e U n ive rs a l T ra nsve rsa l Merca tor proj ect ion (UT M zone 1:3 Nor t h 1ba sed on t he ell ips oid of C lu rkc 186 6 . To ob ta in a n a de q uate s pa t ia l r egi strati on amon g th e MS S a nd T M sce nes, t he 1990 a n d 1997 'I'M im a ge s we re a dj us te d t o obtai n s pa t ia l cha rac te r istics si m ilar to t he MS S i mages , wit h 60 m pi xel s , 924 col-
umn s , a n d 8 13 lin e s , fit tin g t o th e La t .-Long . coor d in ates 22°25 ' 26 " a nd 22°51 ' 42 " N, a n d 177':30' 26" and ]78 "02-51" W. A ll th e bands were rectified t o th e UT M sys te m us ing t wel ve g rou n d con t rol points, a lin ear m appin g fun ction . a nd th e n ea r e st-n ei ghbour al gorithm for resa m p li ng I E ASTl\l,\ N. 1995 ; CA!\1 I' III47;)2
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Total 4~4lu:s, 0.; AMEZCUA-LJNAI{ES, F.; YANEZ-ARANCIBlA, A.; ALVAl{EZ-RuBIO, M., and DAY, J.W., 1990. Mangrove ecology, aquatic primary productivity, and fish community dynamics in the Teacapan-Agua Brava Lagoon-Estuarine system (Mexican Pacific l. Est ua ries 13( 2), 219-230. GIBSON, P.~J. and POWEI{, C.H., 2000. Introductorv Remote Sensing: Digital Inuige Processing and Applications. London: Routledge, 244p. GOOSSENS, R.; ON(iENA, '1'.; D'HALlllN, E., and LAI{NOE, G., 199:L The use of remote sensing (SPOT) for survey of ecological patterns, applied to two different ecosystems in Belgium and Zaire. Ill: HAIN~;S-YoUN(i, R.; GRE~:N, D.R., and COUSINS, S.H. (cds), Landscape Ecology and GIS, London: Taylor and Francis, pp. 147-160. GI{EEN, E.P.; MUMBY, P.J.; EnWAI{I)S, A.J., and CLAHK, C.D., 1996. A review of remote sensing for the assessment and management of tropical coastal resources. Coastal Management, 24( 1), 1-40. GHEEN, E.P.; MUMBY, P.J.; EnWAH.DS, A.~J., and CLAIU';()I'. S.iVI .. 1994. Landsl'apl'-levl'l prol'l'Ss(-~ and welland con"'I'\'al ion in t 11
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