Tomato spotted wilt virus has one of the widest host ranges of any known plant virus. ... Plants are included on the host list with original references. ... Best, 1968.
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Special Report 888 February 1992
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Host List and Bibliography
Agricultural Experiment Station Oregon State University
TOMATO SPOTTED WILT VIRUS HOST LIST AND BIBLIOGRAPHY D. M. Sether, Research Assistant, and J. D. DeAngelis, Extension Entomologist Department of Entomology, Oregon State University Corvallis, OR 97331-2907
This publication is intended to assist nursery and greenhouse growers, extension personnel, researchers and others concerned about control of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in the field and greenhouse. Growers should be particularly cautious about selecting susceptible cultivars as well as allowing susceptible weeds to grow in or around their crops. These lists can help determine which plants or weeds pose a threat. The bibliography of original references might be especially useful to researchers as a starting point to the current literature base on TSWV. Tomato spotted wilt virus has one of the widest host ranges of any known plant virus. Over 550 species, including both monocots and dicots representing 62 families are confirmed hosts. In recent years, TSWV has accounted for major crop losses of crisphead and romaine lettuce in Hawaii, and for losses in peanuts exceeding five million dollars in 1986 in Texas alone. In 1989 and 1990, commercial greenhouses throughout the United States and Canada suffered heavy losses in bedding plant production to the virus. Onion, tobacco, tomato, pineapple, watermelon, and ornamentals have incurred significant economic damage from TSWV as well. Serological analysis confirms that TSWV-I (the impatiens strain of TSWV) has been responsible for serious losses in the bedding plant industry in the Northwest, particularly in impatiens, begonia, and chrysanthemum. In the past, TSWV-I has been considered a problem only in greenhouses and flower crops. However, in August 1990, TSWV-I was found infecting greenhouse-grown peppermint, Mentha piperita, an important field crop in Oregon. Symptom expression is dependent on host species/cultivar, environment, age of plant, and virus strain. Symptoms vary widely but commonly include necrotic or chlorotic lesions, tip necrosis, ringspots, midrib browning, or leaf distortions characteristic of systemic infections. Symptoms of infection may disappear under warm or cool conditions even though the virus is still present, further complicating accurate diagnosis and implementation of control measures. The following list is a compilation of published information about the hosts susceptible to tomato spotted wilt virus. Hosts of both the common (TSWV-L) and impatiens (TSWV-I) serotype are included. Unfortunately, prior to 1990, serotype was not specified, although in most cases the evidence presented supports the conclusion that the common (L) serotype was present. Hosts appearing on this list meet at least one or more of the following criteria: (1) virus particles were detected serologically in host plant material; (2) virus particles were detected with electron microscopy; and/or (3) virus was inoculated to indicator hosts which developed characteristic symptoms. Some plants on this list failed to meet all these criteria in the original source. Later research, however, employing all three criteria supported the inclusion of the plant as a TSWV host. Plants are included on the host list with original references. New hosts of both serotypes of TSWV are continually being reported, thus it is likely that this list is already incomplete. The manuscript is divided into three parts. First is a list of plant families that contain confirmed host members. Next, the main body of the manuscript is a list of known hosts of TSWV arranged by scientific name. The third column of the host list contains the reference for the original description. The last section contains the complete reference citations.
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PLANT FAMILIES WITH SPECIES MEMBERS SUSCEPTIBLE TO TOMATO SPOTTED WILT VIRUS Acanthaceae Agavaceae Aizoaceae Amaranthaceae Amaryllidaceae Apocynaceae Araceae Araliaceae Aristolochiaceae Asclepiadaceae Balsaminaceae Begoniaceae Boraginaceae Bromeliaceae Cactaceae Campanulaceae Cannaceae Caricaceae Caryophyllaceae Chenopodiaceae Compositae
Convolvulaceae Crassulaceae Cruciferae Cucurbitaceae Dipsacaceae Euphorbiaceae Gentianaceae Geraniaceae Gesneriaceae Gramineae Iridaceae Labiatae Leguminosae Liliaceae Lobeliaceae Malvaceae Martyniaceae Nolanaceae Onagraceae Paeoniaceae Papaveraceae
Pedaliaceae Phytolaccaceae Plantaginaceae Plumbaginaceae Polemoniaceae Polygonaceae Portulacaceae Primulaceae Ranunculaceae Rubiaceae Saxifragaceae Scrophulariaceae Solanaceae Tetragoniaceae Tropaeolaceae Umbelliferae Urticaceae Verbenaceae Violaceae Zygophyllaceae
SPECIES HOST LIST ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY BY SCIENTIFIC NAME Botanical Name Acanthospermum hisipidum DC Ageratum sp. A. houstonianum Milly. Alstroemeria sp. Amaranthus sp. A. caudatus L. A. graecizans L. A. hybridus L. A. paniculata L. A. retroflexus L. A. spinosus L. A. viridis L. Amaryllis sp. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. A. trifida L. Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. 'Cayenne' Anemone sp. A. coronaria L. Anthurium andraeanum Lind. Antirrhinum sp. A. majus L. Aphelandra squarrosa Nees Apium graveolens L. 'Golden Self Blanching' Aquilegia vulgaris L. Arachis hypogaea L.
Common Name
Ageratum Peruvian Lily Tassel Flower Green Amaranth; Pigweed Redroot Pigweed Spiny Amaranth Slender Amaranth Barbados Lily Small Ragweed Giant Ragweed Pineapple Anemone Flamingo Lily Snapdragon Zebra Plant Celery Common Columbine Peanut
3
Source Greber & McCarthy, 1977 Linford, 1932*1 Gumpf & Weathers, 1972 Tehrani et al., 1990 Costa & Forster, 1942' Best, 1968 Best, 1968 Cho et al., 1986 Wingard, 1928*3 Milbrath, 1939*4 Cho et al., 1986 Cho et al., 1984 Gardener et al., 1935 Wingard, 1928*3 Wingard, 1928*3 Illingsworth, 1931*1 Linford, 1932*1 Smith, 1937 Hurtt, 1985 Cho et al., 1989 Tompkins & Gardner, 1934 Wingard, 1928*3 Halliwell & Barnes, 1987 Gardner et al., 1935 Sakimura, 1940 Smith, 1937 Costa, 1941
'Gangapuri' 'Robut 33-1,*a 'Red Spanish' 'TMV 2' 'Virginia Bunch' Arctium lappa L. Aristolochia elegans Mast. Arum palaestinum Boiss Aster sp. Aster laevis L. Atropa belladonna L. Barbarea vulgaris R. Br. Begonia sp. B. X hiemalis Fotsch 'Whisper O'Pink' 'Renaissance' 'Schwabenland Red' 'Improved Schwabenland Orange' 'Non Stop' B. semperflorens Link and Otto B. X tuberhybrida Voss B. tuberosa see B. X tuberhybrida Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC Beta vulgaris L. B. vulgaris var. cicla L. Bidens discoidea Brit. B. pilosa L. B. p. var. minor (BI.) Sherf Brassaia actinophylla Endl. Brassica campestris L. subsp.chinensis B. oleracea L. var. botrytis L. Browallia sp. B. americana L. B. speciosa Hook B. speciosa cv major Calceolaria sp. C. crenatifolia Cay. C. herbaceihybrida Voss C. hybrida see C. herbaceihybrida Calendula officinalis L. Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees Campanula sp. C. americana L. C. isophylla Moretti C. pyramidalis L. Canna L. Capsella sp. C. bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic. Capsicum sp. C. annuum L. var. anglosum (L.) Sendt. 'California Wonder' 'Chinese Giant' 'Fordhook' var. grossum (L.) Sendt. C. frutescens L. Carica papaya L. cv. Solo Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. Centaurea cyanus L. Cheiranthus sp. Chenopodium album L. C. amaranticolor Coste & Reynier C. ambrosioides L. C. murale L.
Burdock Calico Flower Black Calla Michaelmas Daisy Ostrich Plume Aster Deadly Nightshade Winter Cress Begonia Elatior or Reiger Begonia
Begonia Hybrid Tuberous Begonia Blackberry Lily Beet Swiss Chard Spanish Needle Spanish Needle Spanish Needle Umbrella Tree White Stem Cabbage Cauliflower Bush Violet Browallia Amethyst Flower Slipperwort Calceolaria Florists' Calceolaria Pot Marigold China Aster Bellflower Tall Bellflower Italian Bellfower Chimney Bellflower Canna Lily Shepherd's Purse Pepper Bell Pepper
Tabasco Pepper Papaya Madagascar Periwinkle Bachelor's Button Wallflower Lamb's Quarter Mexican Tea Nettleleaf Goosefoot
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Amin, 1985 Amin, 1985 Helms et al., 1961 Amin, 1985 Helms et al., 1961 Cho et al., 1986 Matteoni et al., 1988a Tompkins & Severin, 1950 Smith, 1932 Wingard, 1928*3 Smith, 1932 Wingard, 1928*3 Gardner et al., 1935 Barnes & Halliwell, 1985 Green et al., 1988 Green et al., 1988 Green et al., 1988 Green et al., 1988 Green et al., 1988 Gardner et al., 1935 Middleton, 1939 Yamamota & chata, 1977 Priode, 1928*° Wingard, 1928* 3 Wingard, 1928* 3 Linford, 1932*1 Cho et al., 1984 Matteoni et al., 1989 Cho et al., 1986 Gardner et al., 1935 Gardner et al., 1935 Gardner et al., 1935 Smith, 1957 Smith, 1937 Smith, 1937 Allen & Matteoni, 1988 Noordam, 1952 Wingard, 1928*3 Wingard, 1928*3 Gardner et al., 1935 Gardner et al., 1935 Noordam, 1952 Smith, 1937 Matteoni et al., 1988a Green et al., 1988 Best, 1968 Smith, 1931 Smith, 1932 Iwaki et al., 1984 Pontis & Feldman, 1967 Sakimura, 1940 Ferguson, 1951 Yudin et al., 1986 Costa & Forster, 1942*2 Cook, 1972 Gonsalves & Trujillo, 1986 le, 1970 Matteoni et al., 1988a Gardner et al., 1935 Wingard, 1928*3 Iwaki et al., 1984 Cho et al., 1986 Cho et al., 1986
C. quinoa Willd. Skeleton Weed Chondrilla sp. Chrysanthemum Chrysanthemum sp. Garland Chrysanthemum C. coronarium L. Marguerite Daisy C. frutescens L. Shasta Daisy C. maximun Ramond Florist's Chrysanthemum C. X morifolium Ramat. cv. Accent cv. Amber cv. Blue Marble cv. Chardonnay cv. Charlie cv. Charisma cv. Dark Yellow cv. Dynamo cv. El Charo cv. Florida Marble cv. Foxy cv. Goldcap cv. Golden Polaris cv. Iceberg cv. Icecap cv. Maximo cv. May Shoesmith cv. Mellow cv. Omegan cv. Palisade cv. Polaris cv. Super White cv. Super Yellow cv. White Delight cv. White Marble cv. Yellow Dynamo cv. Yellow Palisade cv. Yellow Polaris Shasta Daisy C. X superbum Berg. ex. Ingram Endive Cichorium endivia L. 'Large Green Curled' C. intybus L. 'Witloaf' Chicory Cineraria sp. see Senecio cineraria C. cruenta Mass. see Senecio cruentus Cirsium lanceolatum see Cirsium vulgare Bull Thistle C. vulgare (Savi) Ten. Watermelon Citrullus lanatus (Thun) Matsum & Nakai Monte Cristo Watermelon C. vulgaris Shrad. Clarkia Clarkia sp. C. amoena subsp. lindleyi (Dougl) Coleus Coleus sp. Annual Delphinium; Larkspu Consolida ambigua (L.) Ball & Heyw. Morning Glory Convolvulus sp. C. arvensis L. Field Bindweed Conyza bonariensis L. (Erigeron bonariensis L.) Hairy Horseweed Cordyline terminalis (L.) Kunth. Ti, Ki Coreopsis sp. Coreopsis Tickseed; Coreopsis C. basalis (Otto & Diet.) Blake C. drummondii see Coreopsis basalis Coriander Coriandrum sativum L. Swinecress Coronopus didymus (L.) Smith Cosmos sp. Cosmos C. bipinnatus Cay. Hawksbeard Crepis capillaris (L.) Wallr. C. divaricata (Lowe) F. Schultz C. pulchra L. C. pumila Rydb. C. rhoeadifolia Bieb.(C. foetida L. subsp. rhoeadifolia (Bieb) Celak) Fuzzy Rattlepod Crotalaria incana L.
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Paliwal, 1974 Best, 1968 Gardner & Whipple, 1934 Cho, et al., 1986 Matteoni et al., 1988a Brown, 1988 Gardner & Whipple, 1934 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & alien, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Green et al., 1988 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Matteoni & Allen, 1989 Tehrani et al., 1990 Sakimura, 1940 Sakimura, 1940
Best, 1968 Iwaki et al., 198i Wingard, 1928'"2 Gardner et al., 1935 Gardner et al., 1935 Matteoni et al., 1988a Matteoni et al., 1988a Best, 1968 Sherf, 1948 Cho et al., 1986 Cho et al., 1986 Matteoni et al., 1988a Smith, 1937 Best, 1968 Cho et al., 1986 Smith, 1937 Smith, 1957 Best, 1968 Best, 1968 Best, 1968 Best, 1968 Best, 1968 Cho et al., 1984
Cucumis mucronata Desv. C. melo L. Conomon Group conomon (Thunb.) Mak. Cantalupensis Group cantalupensis Naud. C. sativus L. cv. Chicago Pickling cv. Everbearing cv. Ideal White Spine Cucumber cv. Windermoor Wonder Cucurbita maxima Duch. C. m. X C. moschata (Duch.) Poir C. moschata Dech. C. pepo L. var. condensa Bailey var. ovifera (L.) Alef Cynara scolymus L. Cyclamen persicum Mill. cv. Carmen Cymbidium sp. Cyphomandra sp. C. betacea (Cay .) Sendt. Dahlia sp. D. pinnata X D. coccinea Cay. cv. Figaro D. variabilis 'Jean' 'Willy Den Ouden' Datura arborea L. D. ferox L. D. metal L. D. stramonium L. D. tatula L. (D. stramonium L.) D. wrightii ex. Regal (D. inoxia Mill.) Delphinium sp. D. X cultorum Voss Desmodium uncinatum (Jac.) DC Dichondra carolinensis Michx. Dolichos lablab L. Dorotheanthus tricolor (Willd.) Bolus Dracaena fragrans massangeana L. Ker-Gaw. D. marginata L. Duboisia leichhardtii (Muel.) D. I. X D. myoporoides R. Br. Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Emilia sp. E. javanica (Burm. f.) Robi. E. sagittata see E. javanica E. sonchifolia (L.) DC Erigeron bonariensis L. E. canadensis L. Eustoma sp. Exacum sp. E. affine Baif. f. Fatsia japonica (Thunb) Duch & Planch Fucshia sp. F. X hybrida ex. Vilm. Gaillardia sp. G. aristata Pursh. G. X grandiflora Van Houtte Galinsoga parviflora Cay. G. quadriradiata (Raf.) Blake Geranium sp. Gerbera sp. G. jamesonii Bolus ex. Hook f.
Smooth Rattlepod Melon
Cho et al., 1984 Iwaki et al., 1984 Iwaki et al., 1984
Honey Dew Canteloupe Cucumber
Squash Cushaw Pumpkin Cornfield Pumpkin Gold. Sum. Crookneck Squash Yellow Flowered Gourd Artichoke Cyclamen Cymbidium Orchid Tree Tomato Dahlia
Angel's Trumpet
Jimson Weed
Delphinium Spanish Clover Lawn Leaf Broad Windsor Bean Tricolor Ice Plant Corn Plant Spiker
Goose Grass Flora's Paintbrush Red Pualele Hairy Horseweed Small-leaf Horseweed Lisianthus Persian Violet
Fucshia Fucshia Blanket Flower Blanket Flower Fuji Grass, Galinsoga Peruvian Daisy Geranium African Daisy, Gerber Daisy Gerbera
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Wingard, 1928*3 le, 1970 Barnes & HaIliwg11, 1985 Wingard, 1928* Wingard, 1928*3 Allen & Broadbent, 1986 Iwaki et al., 1984 Iwaki et al., 198i Wingard, 1928*° Wingard, 1928*3 Wingard, 1928*3 Wingard, 1928*3 Garcia & Feldman, 1978 Allen & Matteoni, 1988 Allen & Matteoni, 1988 Matteoni et al., 1988a Costa & Forster, 1942* 2 Costa & Forster, 1942*2 Smith, 1932 Allen & Broadbent, 1986 Smith, 1937 Brunt, 1959 Brunt, 1959 Costa & Forster, 1942*2 Greber & McCarthy, 1977 Norris, 1946 Wingard, 1928*3 Norris, 1946 Smith, 1937 Gardner et al., 1935 Gardner et al., 1935 Cho et al., 1986 Sakimura, 1961 Wingard, 1928*3 Best, 1968 Tehrani et al., 1990 Tehrani et al., 1990 McCarthy & Greber, 1978 Greber & McCarthy, 1977 Bailey, 1935 Gardner et al., 1935 Linford, 1932* 1 Sakimura, 1940 Helms et al., 1961 Wingard, 1928*3 Hsu & Lawson, 1991 Green et al., 1988 Matteoni et al., 1988a Allen & Matteoni, 1991 Green et al., 1988 Matteoni et al., 1989 Gardner et al., 1935 Gardner et al., 1935 Tehrani et al., 1990 Cho et al., 1986 Cho et al., 1986 Brown, 1988 Best, 1968 Noordam, 1952
Gladiola Gladiolus sp. Gloxinia sp. Gloxinia G. hybridum (Sinningia speciosa (Lodd.) Hiern. Godetia sp. see Clarkia sp. G. grandiflora see Clarkia amoena subsp. Lindleyi Globe Amaranth Gomphrena globosa L. 'Dwarf Buddy' Gynura; Purple Velvet Gynura aurantiaca (Blume) DC 'Sarmentosa' Baby's Breath Gypsophila elegans Bieb. Baby's Breath G. paniculata L. Mammoth Russian Sunflower Helianthus annuus L. Swan River Everlasting Helipterum manglesii (Lindl.) F.J. Muell. H. roseum (Hook) Benth. Hibiscus esculentus L. Okra Amaryllis; Barbados Lily Hippeastrum sp. H. X hybridum Hoya carnosa (L.f.) R. Br. Wax Plant Hydrangea sp. French Hydrangea H. macrophylla 'Imaculata' Ser. Water Pennywort Hydrocotyle asiatica Bert. ex Urban Hyoscyamus niger L. Henbane Impatiens, Touch-me-not Impatiens sp. Garden balsam I. balsamina L. I. holstii Engl. & Warb. I. sultanii Hook.f. I. wallerana Hook f. New Guinea Impatiens New Guinea cultivars Ipomoea congesta R. Br. Blue Morning Glory 1. hederacea Jacq. cv. Superba I. hederifolia L. Star 1pomoea I. purpurea L. Morning Glory Kalanchoe sp. Kalanchoe Lactuca sativa L. Lettuce 'Grand Rapid' 'Parris Island Cos' 'Minetto' 'Morada' L. s. var. capitata L. Crisphead Lettuce L. s. var. crispa L. Leaf lettuce L. s. var. longifolia Lam. Romaine or Cos L. scariola see L. serriola L. serriola L. Prickly Lettuce Lagenaria leucantha see L. siceraria White Flowering or Dipper Gourd L. siceraria (Mol.) Stand!. Lathyrus odoratus L. Sweet Pea Layia ex DC sp. Tidytips L. elegans see L. platyglossa L. platyglossa (Fisch. & Mey.) Gray Leonotis nepetaefolia (L.) R. Br. Lion's Ear Lilium lancifolium Thunb. Tiger Lily L. longiflorum Thunb. Easter Lily L. tigrinum see L. lancifolium Limonium latifolium (Sm.) Ktze. Statice Lobelia sp. Lobelia Luffa cylindrica Roem. Dishcloth Gourd Lupinus sp. Lupine L. albus L. White Lupine L. angustifolius L. L. leucophyllus Dougl. ex Lindl. Dusty Miller; Mullein Pink Lychnis coronaria (L.) Desr. Matrimony-vine; Boxthron Lycium ferocissimum Miers Lycopersicon esculentum see L. lycopersicum L. lycopersicum (L.) Karst. ex Farw. Tomato 'Ahahu'
Smith, 1957 Green, 1934 Noordam, 1943
le, 1970 Allen & Broadbent, 1986 Matteoni et al., 1989 MacDonald et al., 1989 Tehrani et al., 1990 Best, 1968 Wingard, 1928*3 Best, 1968 Best, 1968 Wingard, 1928*3 Smith, 1937 Noordam, 1943 Stubbs, 1960 Matteoni et al., 1988a Allen et al., 1983 Paliwal, 1974 Smith, 1932 Broadbent et al., 1987 Tehrani et al., 1990 Noordam, 1952 DeBruin-Brink et al., 1953 Matteoni et al., 1988a Cho et al., 1986 Sakimura, 1961 Sakimura, 1961 Wingard, 1928* 3 Tehrani et al., 1990 Gardner & Whipple, 1934 Sakimura, 1940 Cho et al., 1988 Cho et al., 1988 Pontis & Feldmn, 1967 Wingard, 1928* Cho et al., 1986 Thompkins & Gardner, 1934 Wingard, 1928*3 Wingard, 1928*3 Snyder & Thomas, 1936 Gardner et al., 1935 Gardner et al., 1935 Cho et al., 1986 Best, 1968 Tehrani et al., 1990 Cho et al., 1986 Smith, 1937 Wingard, 1928*3 Smith, 1932 Gardner & Whipple, 1934 Smith, 1932 Smith, 1937 Best, 1968 Smith, 1937 Brittlebarik, 1919 von der Pahlen, 1970
'Bonny Best' 'Bounty' 'Break o'Day' 'Buffalo 'Burbank' 'Burwood Prize' 'Centennial' 'Currant' 'Dombello' 'Dombito' Dwarf Champion' 'Early Dwarf Red' 'Early Dwarf Red x. Break O'Day' 'First Early' 'Foremost 21 'Glamour 'Globe' 'Heinz 1370' 'Jumbo' 'Kolea-C' 'Laura' 'Marglobe' 'Maui'*b 'Ohio' 'Ohio MR13" 'Pearson' 'Ponderosa' 'Potentate 'Pritchard' 'Red Plum' 'Rey de los Tempranos'*b 'Rutgars' 'San Marsano' 'Sensation' 'Stone' 'Vendor' 'Vision' L. hirsutum H.B.K. L. peruvianum (L.) Mill.*b L. pimpinellifolium (Just.) Mill. Small Red-Currant Tomato Malcolmia maritima (L.) R. Br. Virginia Stock Ma/va nicaeenis Alf. Mallow M. parviflora L. Cheeseweed M. rotundifolia L. Common Mallow Marrubium vulgare L. Common Hoarhound Marlynia annua L. Matthiola incana R. Br. Stock Medicago polymorpha L. Bur Clover Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall. Yellow Sweet Clover Mentha piperita L. 'Black Mitcham' Peppermint M. spicata L. Spearmint Mesembryanthemum tricolor see Dorotheanthus tricolor Montia sp. Myosotis alpestris Schmidt Forget-me-not Nepeta cataria L. Catnip Nerium oleander L. Oleander Nicandra sp. N. physalodes (L.) Gaertn. Apple of Peru Nicotiana acuminata (R.C. Grah.) Hook N. alata Link & Otto Jasmine Tobacco N. a. var. grandiflora Comes N. angustifolia Mill. N. atropurpureum N. benthamiana Domin. N. bigelovii (Torr.) S. Wats.
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Hutton & Peak, 1953 Kikuta et al., 1945 Bald, 1937 Allen & Broadbent, 1986 Sakimura, 1940 Bald, 1937 Allen & Broadbent, 1986 Bald, 1937 Allen & Broadbent, 1986 Allen & Broadbent, 1986 Bald, 1937 Bald, 1937 Best, 1937 Sakimura, 1940 Gonsalves & Trujillo, 1986 Allen & Broadbent, 1986 Sakimura, 1940 DaGraca et al., 1985 Allen & Broadbent, 1986 von der Pahlen, 1970 Allen & Broadbent, 1986 Bald, 1937 von der Pahlen, 1970 Matteoni et al., 1988a Allen & Broadbent, 1986 Frazier et al., 1950 Best, 1946 Finlay, 1953 Gonsalves & Trujillo, 1986 Sakimura, 1940 Hutton & Peak, 1953 Sakimura, 1940 Pontis & Feldman, 1967 Bald, 1937 Sakimura, 1940 Allen & Broadbent, 1986 Allen & Broadbent, 1986 Smith, 1944 Norris, 1946 Smith, 1937 Best, 1968 Sakimura, 1961 Sakimura, 1961 Milbrath, 1939*4 Best, 1968 Gardner & Whipple, 1934 Best, 1968 Cho et al., 1986 Wingard, 1928*3 Sether et al., 1991 T.C. Allen, pers.comm. 1990 Best, 1968 Best, 1968 Milbrath, 1939* 4 Franki & Grivell, 1970 Gardner & Whiple, 1934 Wingard, 1928*Q Wingard, 1928* 3 Gardner & Whipple, 1934 Norris, 1946 Smith, 1937 Smith, 1937 Gonsalves & Trujillo, 1986 Smith, 1937
N. bonariensis Lehm. N. calyciflora N. campanulata see N. rustica subsp. texana N. caudigera Phil. N. chinensis Fisch. N. clevelandii A. Gray N. clevelandii X N. glutinosa N. debneyi Domin N. exigua Wheeler N. excelsior J.M. Black N. glauca Graham N. glutinosa L. N. goodspeedii Wheeler N. langsdorffi Weinm. N. longiflora Cay. N. macrophylla Spreng N. maritima Wheeler N. miersii Remy. N. multivalvis Gray N. nudicaulis S. Wats. N. palmeri Gray N. paniculata L. N. plumbaginifolia Viv. N. quadrivalvis Pursh. N. q. var. multivalvis Gray N. repanda Willd. N. rotundifolia Lindl. N. rustica L. 'America' 'English' 'Iowa' 'Jamaicensis' texana Comes N. X sanderae W. Wats. N. solanifolia Walp. N. suaveolens Lehm. N. s. var. longiflora N. sylvestris Speg. & Comes N. tabacum L. 'Adock' 'Atropurpurea' auriculata 'Big Burley' 'Blue Pryor' brasiliensis 'Bright Yellow' 'Burley' calycina ca/cyciffora cavala colossea 'Connecticut Havanna' gigantea 'Greens' 'H423' 'Harrow Velvet' 'Hickory Pryor' 'Kentucky Yellow' lacerata latissima 'Little Orinoco' 'Lizard Tail' 'Macedonian' macrophylla 'Maryland'
Best, 1968 Smith, 1937
Tree Tobacco
Long-flowered Tobacco
Wild Tobacco
Turkish Tobacco
9
Smith, 1937 Smith, 1937 Wingard, 1928*3 Francki & Hatta, 1981 Best, 1968 Best, 1968 Norris, 1946 Smith, 1931 Fromme et al., 1927*3 Best, 1968 Fromme et al., 1927*3 Wingard, 1928* 3 Smith, 1937 Norris, 1946 Norris, 1946 Wingard, 1928*3 Costa & Forster, 1942*2 Norris, 1946 Fromme et al., 1927*3 Wingard, 1928*3 Wingard, 1928*3 Wingard, 1928*3 Wingard, 1928*3 Norris, 1946 Smith, 1932 DeHaan et al., 1989 Wingard, 1928*3 Wingard, 1928*3 Wingard, 1928*3 Norris, 1946 Wingard, 1928*3 Best, 1968 Wingard, 1928*3 Norris, 1946 Fromme et al., 1927*3 Smith, 1931 Wingard, 1928*3 Fromme et al., 1927*3 Fromme et al., 1927*3 Wingard, 1928*3 Best, 1936 Fromme et al., 1927*3 lwaki et al., 1984 3 Fromme et al., 1927* Wingard, 1928*3 Fromme et al., 1927*3 Wingard, 1928*3 , Fromme et al., 1927' 4 Milbrath, 1939* Fromme et al., 1927*3 Fromme et al., 1927*3 Gonsalves & Trujillo, 1986 Allen & Broadbent, 1986 , Norris, 1946 Wingard, 1928*`' 3 Fromme et al. 1927* Fromme et al., 1927* 3 3 Fromme et al. 1927* Wingard, 1928* 3 3 Fromme et al. 1927* 3 Fromme et al. 1927* 3 Fromme et al. 1927*
microphylla purpurea 'Samsun' 'Samsun NN' sanguinea 'Stabdup Burley' Turkish' 'Virginia' 'Warne ' 'White Burley' 'White Burley 21' 'Wildfire Resistant' 'Xanthi nc.' N. t. X N. glutinosa N. tomentosa Ruiz. & Pay. N. tomentosiformis Goodspeed N. trigonophylla Dun. N. undulata Ruiz & Pay. N. veluttina Wheeler N. wigandioides Koch & Fint Nolana sp. Oenothera sp. Paeonia sp. Papavar sp. P. nudicaule L. P. orientale L. Pelargonium X hortorum Bailey Penstemon sp.
Nolana Evening Primrose Peony Poppy Iceland Poppy Oriental Poppy Geranium Beard-Tongue
Penstemon hirsutus (L.) Willd Petunia sp. Petunia Petunia X hybrida Vilm. Petunia 'Calypso' 'Minstrel' 'Pink Beauty' 'Purple Plum' P. violacea Lindl. Phaseolus lunatus L. Small Lima or Sieva Bean P. vulgaris L. Snap or French Bean Phlox drummondil Hook Annual Phlox Physalis sp. Ground Cherry P. angulata L. Ground Cherry P. brasiliensis Cos. & For. P. floridana Rydb. P. hygrophylla Mart P. peruviana L. Cape Gooseberry P. pruinosa L. Dwarf Cape Gooseberry P. pubescens L. Downy Ground Cherry Phytolacca decandra L. Pokeweed Pisum sativum L. Garden Pea 'Yellow Admiral 'Kelvedon Wonder' Plantago major L. Broad-leaved Plantain Polygonum sp. Knotweed; Jointweed P. convo/vulus L. Black Bindweed P. hydropiper L. Smartweed Portulaca oleracea L. Common Purslane Primula sp. Primrose P. malacoides Franch. Fairy Primrose P. obconica Hance German Primrose P. sinensis Sab. ex. Lindl. Chinese Primrose P. vulgaris Huds. Quamoclit coccinea 'Hederifolia' see 1pomoea hederifolia Ranunculus sp. Buttercup Richardia africana see Zantedeschia aethiopica R. scabra L. Mexican Clover
10
Fromme et al., 1927* 3 Wingard, 1928*3 Pontis & Feldman, 1967 le, 1970 Wingard, 1928*3 Wingard, 1928*3 Black et al., 1963 Smith, 1931 Wingard, 1928* 3 Smith, 1931 Hagan et al., 1990 Fromme et al., 1927*3 Pontis & Feldman, 1967 Costa & Forster 1942 Wingard, 1928* Best, 1968 Wingard, 1928*3 Norris, 1946 Norris, 1946 Best, 1968 Tehrani et al., 1990 Best, 1968 Smith, 1937 Smith, 1937 Bald & Samuel, 1931 Gardner et al., 1935 Allen & Broadbent, 1986 Gardner et al., 1935 Gardner et al., 1935 Smith, 1932 Priode, 1928* 3 Allen & Broadbent, 1986 le, 1970 Van Kammen et al., 1966 Cho et al., 1987 Wingard, 1928*3 Wingard, 1928*3 Smith, 1937 Best, 1968 Tompkins & Gardner, 1934 Wingard, 1928*3 Costa & Forster, 1942*2 Helms et al., 1961 Costa & Forster, 1942*2 Smith, 1937 Costa & Forster, 1942*2 Gardner & WIpple, 1934 Priode, 1928*'' Smith, 1937 Whipple, 1936 DeGraca et al., 1985 Smith, 1932 Smith, 1937 Smith, 1937 Wingard, 1928*3 Costa & Carvalho, 1960 Smith, 1937 Smith, 1937 Gardner et al., 1935 Smith, 1937 Tehrani et al., 1990 Smith, 1937 Linford, 1932*1
Ricinus communis L. Saintpaulia ionantha Wendl. Salpiglossis sp. S. sinuata Ruiz & Pay. Salvia sp. S. splendens Sel. ex. Roem & Schult. Saponaria officinalis L. Saxifraga sp. Scabiosa sp. S. atropurpurea L. Schefflera sp. S. arboricola Ayata Schizanthus sp. S. pinnatus Ruiz. & Pay. Schlumbergera bridgesii (Lem) Lofgr. S. truncata (Haw.) Moran. Scutelleria sp. Senecio cineraria S. cruentus (Masson) DC S. X hybridus (Willd.) Regal S. jacobaea L. Sesamum indicum L. Sinningia speciosa (Lodd.) Hiern. 'Imperial Red Velvet' S. tigrina Solanum aculeatissimum Jacq. S. auriculatum Ait. S. aviculare Forst. f. S. capsicastrum Link ex. Schauer S. carolinense L. S. dulcamara L. S. grandiflorum Ruiz. & Pay. S. laciniatum see S. aviculare S. marginatum L. S. melongena L. 'Black Beauty' esculentum Nees 'New York Improved S. miniatum Bernh. ex Willd. S. nigrum L. S. nodiflorum Jacq. S. pseudo-capsicum L. S. sanitwongsii Craib. S. seaforthianum Andr. S. sodomeum L. S. spinosissimum Lodd. S. triflorum Nutt. S. tuberosum L. 'Arran Victory' 'Bismark' 'Bliss Triumph' 'Brownell' 'Factor' 'Katandin' 'President' 'Sebage' 'Sequoia' 'Snowflake' 'Up To Date' Sonchus oleraceus L. Spinacia oleracea L. 'Viroflay Stachys sp. S. arvensis L. Stellaria sp.
Castor-oil Plant African Violet Painted Tongue Salvia Scarlet Sage Bouncing Bet Rockfoil Pincushion Flower Sweet Scabiosa Umbrella Tree Tree or Dwarf Schefflera Poor Man's Orchid Pincusion Flower Christmas Cactus Thanksgiving Cactus Scullcap Dusty Miller Cineraria Tansy Ragwort Sesame Gloxinia
Cockroach Berry Kangaroo Apple Winter Cherry; Orange Flower Horse Nettle Bittersweet, Deadly Nightshade
Eggplant
Black Nightshade Jerusalem Cherry
Apple of Sodom Cutleaf Nightshade Potato
Common Sowthistle Spinach Hedge Nettle Staggerweed Chickweed
11
Wingard, 1928*3 Broadbent et al., 1987 Tompkins & Gardner, 1934 Gardner & Whipple, 1934 Gardner et al., 1935 Wingard, 1928*3 Best, 1968 Best, 1968 Smith, 1937 Wingard, 1928*3 Jones & Baker, 1989 MacDonald et al., 1989 Tompkins & Gardner, 1934 Gardner & Whipple, 1934 Tehrani et al., 1990 Hausbeck & Gildow, 1991 T.C. Allen, 1990 pers. com. Gardner & Whipple, 1934 Jones, 1944 Matteoni et al., 1988a Allen et al., 1983 Costa & Forster, 1942*2 Gardner et al., 1935 Allen & Matteoni, 1991 Allen & Broadbent, 1986 Smith, 1932 Costa & Forster, 1942*2 Smith, 1931 Smith, 1931 Wingard, 1928*3 Smith, 1932 Costa & Forster, 1942*2 Smith, 1932 Smith, 1932 Ferguson, 1951 Wingard, 1928* 3 Sakimura, 1940 Smith, 1937 Wingard, 1928*3 Smith, 1931 Costa & Forster, 1942*2 Smith, 1937 Smith, 1937 Smith, 1937 Costa & Forster, 1942*2 Allen et al., 1983 Smith, 1931 Smith, 1937 Hutton & Peak, 1952 1 Milbrath, 1939* Hutton & Peak, 1952 Hutton & Peak, 1952 Hutton & Peak, 1952 Hutton & Peak, 1952 Hutton & Peak, 1952 Hutton & Peak, 1952 Hutton & Peak, 1952 Norris, 1946 Helms et al., 1961 Sakimura, 1940 Sakimura, 1949 Linford, 1932*I Greber & McCarthy, 1977 Best, 1968
S. media (L) Cyr. Stephanotis floribunda Brong. Streptosolen jamesonii (Benth,) Miers Tagetes erecta L. T. minuta L. T. patula L. 'Petite Harmony' Tetragonia expansa see T. tetragonioides T. tetragonioides (Pall.) Kuntze Trachelium sp. T. caeruleum L. Trachymene coerulea R.C. Grah. Tribulus terrestris L. Trifolium subterraneum L. Tropaeolum sp. T. majus L. 'Golden Gleam' Troximon sp. Urtica dioica L. Verbena sp. V. hybrida Voss V. litoralis HBK V. rigida Spreng. Verbesina encelioides (Cay.) B. & H. Vicia faba L. Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper cv UPU - 1 V. sinensis Endl. 'Queen Anne Black' V. sesquipedalis (L.) W. F. Wright V. unguiculata (L.) Walp. cv. 'Blackeye' Vinca rosea see Catharanthus roseus Viola papilionacea see V. sororia V. sororia Willd. V. tricolor L. Xanthium saccharatum Wallr. (X. strumarium L.) Youngia japonica (L.) DC. Yucca baccata L. Zantedeschia aethiopica (L.) Spreng. Z. albomaculata (Hook.) Baill. Z. elliottiana (W. Wats.) Engler Z. melanoleuca Engler (Z. albomaculata) Z. rehmannii Engler Zinnia sp. Z. elegans Jacq.
Common Chickweed Madagascar Jasmine Firebush; Yellow Heliotrope African Marigold Marigold French Marigold
New Zealand Spinach Throatwort Blue Lace Flower Punture Vine Nasturtium Garden Nasturtium
Stinging Nettle Vervain Garden Verbena Oi Vervain Golden Crownbeard Broad Bean Urd Bean Cowpea
Woolly Blue Violet Field or European Pansy Cocklebur Yucca White Calla Lily; Arum Spotted Calla Yellow Calla Black-throated Calla Pink Calla Zinnia Zinnia
Holmes, 1948 Green et al., 1988 Smith, 1937 Wingard, 1928*° Helms et al., 1961 Allen & Broadbent, 1986 Allen & Broadbent, 1986 Priode, 1928* 3 Smith, 1937 Smith, 1937 Best, 1968 Allen et al., 1983 Helms et al., 1961 Gardner & Whipple, 1934 Smith, 1937 Best, 1937 Best, 1968 Gardner & Whipple, 1934 Gardner et al., 1935 Gardner et al., 1935 Cho et al., 1986 Cho et al., 1984 Cho et al., 1984 Gardner & Whipple, 1934 Amin et al., 1981 Wingard, 1928*') Allen & Broadbent, 1986 Iwaki et al., 1984 Iwaki et al., 1984
Wingard, 1928*3 Wingard, 1928*3 Cho et al., 1986 Kobatake et al., 1984 Tehrani et al., 1990 Ogilvie, 1935 Tompkins & Severin, 1950 Tompkins & Severin, 1950 Tompkins & Severin, 1950 Tompkins & Severin, 1950 Smith, 1932 Wingard, 1928*3
*1
Originally identified as pineapple yellow-spot virus, later identified as TSWV by Sakimura (1940). Originally identified as 'vira-cabeca' virus, later identified as TSWV by Costa and Forster (1942). *3 Originally identified as ring spot, later identified as TSWVby Smith (1932). *4 Originally identified as tomato tip-blight virus. * a, Conflicting reports of susceptibility. TSWV resistance reported in this variety by Amin (1985). * u Conflicting reports of susceptibility. TSWV resistance reported by Frazier et al., (1950) in 'Maui','Manzana', 'Pearl Harbor', and 'Rey de los Tempranos'. * c Conflicting reports of susceptibility. Strong resistance, approaching immunity was reported by Norris, 1946.
REFERENCES FOR HOST LIST Allen, T. C., J. P. McMorran, & E. A. Locatelli. 1983. Isolation of tomato spotted wilt virus from Hydrangea and four weed species. Plant Dis. 67: 429-431. Allen, W. R., & A. B. Broadbent. 1986. Transmission of tomato spotted wilt virus in Ontario greenhouses by Frankliniella occidentalis. Can. J. Plant Path. 8: 33-38.
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Allen, W. R., & J. A. Matteoni. 1988. Cyclamen ringspot: Epidemics in Ontario greenhouses caused by the tomato spotted wilt virus. Can. J. Plant Path. 10: 41-46. Allen, W. R., & J. A. Matteoni. 1991. Petunia as an indicator plant for use by growers to monitor for thrips carrying the tomato spotted wilt virus in greenhouses. Plant Dis. 75: 78-82. Amin, P. W. 1985. Apparant resistance of groundnut cultivar Robut-33-1 to bud necrosis disease. Plant Dis. 69: 718-719. Amin, P. W., D. V. R. Reddy, & A. M. Ghanekar, and M. S. Reddy. 1981. Transmission of tomato spotted wilt virus, the causal agent of bud necrosis of peanut, by Scirtothrips dorsalis and Frankliniella schultzei. Plant Dis. 65: 663-665. Bailey, S. F. 1935. Thrips as vectors of plant disease. J. Econ. Ent. 28: 856-863. Bald, J. G. 1937. Investigations on "spotted wilt" of tomatoes. III. Infection in field plots. Bull. Coun. Sci. Ind. Res. Aust. 106: 1-32. Bald, J. G., & G. Samuel. 1931. Investigations on "spotted wilt" of tomatoes. II. Bull. Coun. Sci. Ind. Res., Melb. 54. 24 pp. Barnes, L. W., & R. S. Halliwell. 1985. Tomato spotted wilt virus infecting begonia hybrids in Texas. Plant Dis. 67: 725. Best, R. J. 1946. Thermal inactivation of tomato spotted wilt virus. Part 1. Aust. J. Exp. Biol. 24: 21-25. Best, R. J. 1968. Tomato spotted wilt virus, pp 65-146. In K. M. Smith & M. A Lauffer [eds.], Advances in Virus Research. Vol. 13. Academic Press, New York. Black, L. M., M. K. Brakke, & A. E. Vatter. 1963. Purification and electron microscopy of tomato spotted-wilt virus. Virology 20: 120-130. Brittlebank, C.C. 1919. Tomato diseases. J. Agr. Victoria 17: 213-235.. Broadbent, A. B., W. R. Allen, & R. G. Foottit. 1987. The association of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) with greenhouse crops and the tomato spotted wilt virus in Ontario. Can. Ent. 119: 501-503. Brown, L. G. 1988. Tomato spotted wilt virus in ornamentals. Plant Path. Cir. No. 313. 4pp. Brunt, A. A. 1959. Leaf enations in Dahlia variabilis Desf., induced by tomato spotted wilt virus. Nature 183: 627-628. Cho, J. J., R. F. L. Mau, T. L. German, R. W. Hartmann, L. S. Yudin, D. Gonsalves, & R. Provvidenti. 1989. A multidisciplinary approach to management of tomato spotted wilt virus in Hawaii. Plant Dis. 5: 375-383. Cho, J. J., R. F. L. Mau, D. Gonsalves, W. C. Mitchell. 1986. Reservoir weed hosts of tomato spotted wilt virus. Plant Dis. 70: 1014-1017. Cho, J. J., R. F. L. Mau, R. T. Hamasaki , and D. Gonsalves. 1988. Detection of tomato spotted wilt virus in individual thrips by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Phytopath. 78: 1348-1352. Cho, J. J., W. C. Mitchell, & K. Sakimura. 1987. Epidemiology of tomato spotted wilt virus disease on crisphead lettuce in Hawaii. Plant Dis. 71: 505-508. Cho, J. J., W. C. Mitchell, L. Yudin, & L. Takayama. 1984. Ecology and epidemiology of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and its vector, Frankliniella occidentalis. Phytopath. 74: 866. (Abstr.) Cook, A. A. 1972. Virus diseases of papaya. Univ. Florida Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. No. 750. 19pp. Costa, A. S. 1941. Uma molestia de virus de amendoim (Arachis hypogaea L.) Biologico 7: 249-251. Costa, A. S., & A. M. B. Carvalho. 1960. Common puslane, a reservoir of tomato spotted wilt virus. Bragantia 19: XXI-XXVII. Costa, A. S., & R. Forster. 1942. Lista de hospedeiras de virus vira-cabeca. Bragantia 2: 83-91. De Bruin-Brink, G., H. P. Maas Geesteranus, & D. Noordam. 1953. Lycopersicum virus 3 (tomato spotted wilt virus), on Nicotiana tabacum and Impatiens holstii. Tijdschr. PlZiekt. 59: 240-244.
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DaGraca, J. V., T. N. Trench, & M. M. Martin. 1985. TSWV in commercial Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana) in Transkei. Plant-Pathol. Oxford 34: 451-453. De Haan, P., L. Wagemakers, D. Peters, & R. Goldbach. 1989. Molecular cloning and terminal sequence determining of the S and M RNAs of tomato spotted wilt virus. J. Gen. Virol. 70: 3469-3473. Ferguson, I.A.C. 1951. Four virus diseases of solanaceous plants in Trinidad. Plant Dis. Rep. 35: 102105. Finlay, K. W. 1953. II. Five genes controlling spotted wilt resistance in four tomato types. Aust. J. biol. Sci. 6: 153-163. Francki, R. I. B., & C. J. Grivell. 1970. An electron microscope study of the distribution of tomato spotted wilt virus in systemically infected Datura stramonium leaves. Virology 42: 969-978. Francki, R. I. B. & T. Hatta. 1981. Tomato spotted wilt virus, pp 492-512. In E. Kurstak (ed.), Handbook of Plant Virus Infections and Comparative Diagnosis. American Elsevier Publ. Co., Inc. New York. Frazier, W. A., R. K. Dennett, J. W. Hendrix, C. F. Poole & J. C. Gilbert. 1950. Seven new tomatoes. Varieties resistant to spotted wilt, fusarium wilt, and gray leaf spot. Bull. Hawaii Agric. Exp. Sta. 103: 1-22. Fromme, F. D., S. A. Wingard, & C. N. Priode. 1927. Ring spot of tobacco; an infectious disease of unknown cause. Phytopath. 17: 321-328. Garcia, 0., & J. M. Feldman. 1978. Natural infection of artichoke by tomato spotted wilt virus. Plant Dis. Rep. 62: 1076-1077. Gardner, M. W., & 0. C. Whipple. 1934. Spotted wilt of tomatoes and its transmission by thrips. Phytopath. 24: 1136. Gardner, M. W., C. M. Tomkins, & 0. C. Whipple. 1935. Spotted wilt of truck crops and ornamental plants. Phytopath. 25: 17. Gonsalves, D. & E. E. Trujillo. 1986. Tomato spotted wilt virus in papaya and detection of the virus by ELISA. Plant Disease 70: 501-506. Greber, R.S., & G. J. P. McCarthy. 1977. A disease of Duboisia caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). Aust. Plant Path. Soc. Newsl. 6: 54-55. Green, D. E. 1934. The virus of spotted wilt in Gloxinias. Gardeners' Chron. 96: 159. Green, J. L., T. C. Allen, & S. Fischer. 1988. Symptoms of Stephanotis infected with tomato spotted wilt virus. Ornamentals Northwest Newsletter 12: 10-11. Gumpf, D. J.& L. G. Weathers. 1972. Identification and purification of tomato spotted wilt virus isolated from Ageratum. Plant Dis. Rep. 56: 859-872. Hagan, A. K., J. R. Weeks, J. C. French, R. T. Gudauskas, J. M. Mullen, W. S. Gazaway, & R. Shelby. 1990. Tomato spotted wilt virus in peanut in Alabama. Plant Disease 74: 615. Halliwell, R. S. & L. W. Barnes. 1987. Tomato spotted wilt virus infection of commercial Aphelandra sp. J. Envir. Hort. 5: 120-121. Hausbeck, M. K. & F. F. Gildow. 1991. Report of tomato spotted wilt virus on Thanksgiving Cactus. Plant Dis. 75: 215. Helms, K., N. E. Grylls & G. S. Purss. 1961. Peanut plants in Queensland infected with tomato spotted wilt virus. Aust. J. Res. 12: 239-246. Holmes, F. 0. 1948. Resistance to spotted wilt in tomato. Phytopath. 38: 467-473. Hsu, H. T. & R. H. Lawson. 1991. Direct tissue blotting for detection of tomato spotted wilt virus in Impatiens. Plant Dis. 75: 292-295. Hurtt, S.S., S.C. Trees & J.C. Watterson. 1985. Tomato spotted wilt virus associated with a lethal disease of Anemone coionaria. Phytopath. 75: 1359.
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Hutton, E. M. & A. R. Peak. 1952. The selection of spotted-wilt resistant phenotypes in the potato (Solanum tuberosum). Aust. J. agric. Res. 3: 137-147. Hutton, E. M. & A. R. Peak. 1953. Spotted-wilt development in resistant and susceptible Lycopersicum species. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 4: 160-167. Ie, T. S. 1970. Tomato spotted wilt virus. C.M.I./A.A.B. Descriptions of Plant Viruses No. 39. Illingworth, J. F. 1931. Yellow spot of pineapples in Hawaii. Phytopath. 21: 865-880. Iwaki, M., Y. Honda, K. Hanada, H. Tochihara, T. Yonaha, K. Hokama, & T. Yokoyama. 1984. Silver mottle disease of watermelon caused by tomato spotted wilt virus. Plant Dis. 68: 1006-1008. Jones, L. K. 1944. Streak and mosaic of Cineraria. Phytopath. 34: 941-953 Jones, R. K. & J. R. Baker. 1989. Tomato spotted wilt virus: prospects for 1989. N. C. Flower Growers Bulletin 34: 12-15. Kikuta, K., J. W. Hendrix & W. A. Frazier. 1945. Pearl Harbor, a tomato variety resistant to spotted wilt in Hawaii. Hawaii Agric. Exp. Sta. Circ. 24: 6 pp. Kobatake, H., T. Osaki & T. Inouye. 1984. The vector and reservoirs of tomato spotted wilt virus in Nara Prefecture. Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan. 50:541-544. Linford, B. 1932. Transmission of the pineapple yellow-spot virus by Thrips tabaci. Phytopath. 22: 301324. MacDonald, L. S., R. R. Stace-Smith, W. R. Allen & J. A. Matteoni. 1989. Incidence of tomato spotted wilt virus in British Columbia. Can. Plant Dis. Surv. 69: 87-88. Matteoni, J.A. & W. R. Allen. 1989. Symptomatology of tomato spotted wilt virus infection in florist's chrysanthemum. Can. J. Plant Path. 11: 373-3 Matteoni, J.A., W.R. Allen, and A.B. Broadbent. 1988a. Host range and symptoms of tomato spotted wilt virus. pp 84-93 In A.D. Ali (ed.) Proceedings of the Fourth Conference on Insect and Disease Management on Ornamentals. Kansas City, MO. Matteoni, J. A., W. R. Allen & A. B. Broadbent. 1988b. Tomato spotted wilt virus in greenhouse crops in Ontario. Plant Dis. 72: 801. Matteoni, J. A., W. R. Allen & B. Tehrani. 1989. Diseases of ornamentals: diagnostic summary, Vineland Research Station. Can. Plant Dis. Surv. 69: 90-93. McCarthy, G. J. P.& R. S. Greber. 1978. Tomato spotted wilt virus in Duboisia. Queensland Agr. J. 104: 336-338. Middleton, J. T. 1939. Occurrence of spotted wilt in Missouri. Plant Dis. Rep. 23: 204. Milbrath, J. A. 1939. Tomato tip-blight virus. Phytopath. 29: 156-168. Noordam, D. 1943. On the occurrence of 'spotted wilt' in Holland. Tijdschr. PlZiekt. 49: 117-119. Noordam, D. 1952. Lycopersicum-virus 3 (tomato spotted wilt) on some ornamental plants. Tijdschr. PlZiekt. 58: 89-96. Norris, D. 0. 1946. The strain complex and symptom variablility of tomato spotted wilt virus. Bull. Coun. Sci. Ind. Res. Aust. 202: 1-51. Ogilvie, L. 1935. Spotted wilt and its control. Ann Rep. Long Ashton Res. Sta. for 1934. pp 170-174. Paliwal, Y. C. 1974. Some properties and thrips transmission of tomato spotted wilt virus in Canada. Can. J. Bot. 52: 1177-1182. Pontis, R. E. & J. M. Feldman. 1967. Tomato spotted wilt virus in lettuce in Argentina. Plant Dis. Rep. 51: 225. Priode, C. N. 1928. Further studies in the ringspot disease of tobacco. Amer. J. Bot. 15: 88-93. Sakimura, K. 1940. Evidence for the identity of the yellow-spot virus with the spotted wilt virus: Experiments with the vector, Thrips tabaci. Phytopath. 30: 281-299. Sakimura, K. 1961. Field observations on the thrips vector species of the tomato spotted wilt virus in the San Pablo Area, California. Plant Dis. Rep. 45: 772-776.
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Sether, D. M., J. D. DeAngelis & P.A. Rossignol. 1991. First report of tomato spotted wilt virus in peppermint (Mentha X piperita). Plant Dis. 75: 644. Sherf, A. F. 1948. Occurrence of tomato spotted wilt in Nebraska in 1948. Plant Dis. Rep. 32: 509. Smith, K. M. 1931. Studies on potato virus diseases. VIII. On a ringspot virus affecting solanaceous plants. Ann. Appl. Biol. 18: 1-15. Smith, K. M. 1932. Studies on plant virus diseases. XI. Further experiments with a ringspot virus its identification with spotted wilt of the tomato. Ann. Appl. Biol. 19: 305-330. Smith, K. M. 1937. A Textbook of Plant Virus Diseases. P. Blakiston's Son & Co. Inc., Philadelphia. 615 pp. Smith, P. G. 1944. Reaction of Lycopersicon spp. to spotted wilt. Phytopath. 34: 504-505. Smith, K. M. 1957. A Textbook of Plant Virus Diseases, 2nd ed. Churchill, London. 572 pp. Snyder, W.C. & H.R. Thomas. 1936. Spotted wilt of the sweet pea. Hilgardia 10: 257-262. Stubbs, L. L. 1960. Hoya carnosa infected with tomato spotted wilt virus. Aust. Pl. Dis. Rec. 12: 33. Tehrani, B., W. R. Allen & J. A. Matteoni. 1990. Update on the incidence of tomato spotted wilt virus in greenhouses. Can. Plant Dis. Surv. 70: 102-103. Tompkins, C. M. & M. W. Gardner. 1934. Spotted wilt of head lettuce. Phytopath. 24: 1135-1136. Tompkins, C. M. & H. H. P. Severin. 1950. Spotted wilt of white, yellow, and pink callas. Hilgardia. 20: 207-232. van Kammen, A., S. Henstra & T. S. Ie. 1966. Morphology of tomato spotted wilt virus. Virol. 30: 574577. von der Pahlen, A. 1970. Inheritance of the resistance in tomato (cv. Platense) to spotted wilt (Lycopersicon virus 3 Smith). Revta. Investnes agrop. Ser. 5, 7: 129-134. Whipple, 0. C. 1936. Spotted wilt of garden pea. Phytopath. 26: 918-920. Wingard, S. A. 1928. Hosts and symptoms of ring spot, a virus disease of plants. J. Agric. Res. 37: 127153. Yamamoto, C.M. & K. Ohata. 1977. Some properties and electron microscopy of tomato spotted wilt virus isolated from blackberry lily (Belamcanda chinensis DC.). Bull. Shikoku Agr. Exp. Sta. 30: 39-47. Yudin, L. S., J. J. Cho & W. C. Mitchell. 1986. Host range of Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) with special reference to Leucaena glauca. Envir. Ent. 15: 1292-1295.
updated: November, 1991
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