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UPGRADING. AND. REPAIRING PCS. 14th Edition. Contents at a Glance.
Introduction 3. 1 Development of the PC 11. 2 PC Components, Features, and.
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UPGRADING. AND. REPAIRING PCs. Tenth Anniversary Edition. Contents at a
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Upgrading of bio-oil. Paul Vanderauwera, Dorine Wambeke. Artesis University College of Antwerp, University of Antwerp. Faculty of Applied Engineering.
Upgrading of bio-oil Paul Vanderauwera, Dorine Wambeke Artesis University College of Antwerp, University of Antwerp Faculty of Applied Engineering
Introduction Crude bio-oil is a complex mixture with a wide variety of components and molecular weights. The potential of bio-oil for direct substitution of fuels and chemical feedstocks is limited due to high viscosity, water content, low heating value, instability and corrosiveness. The objective of this research is to upgrade bio-oil by physical or chemical methods to obtain a liquid product that can be used as a liquid fuel or as chemical feedstock.
Experimental
Physical upgrading
Chemical upgrading
Blending with methanol
Hydroprocessing water soluble fraction • •
Emulsification with surfactants/gasoil
HLB
5
6
7
8
11
12
LTHP: 125°C, Ru/C HTHP: 220°C, Pt/C
Based catalysed depolymerisation water insoluble fraction
17
Conclusion Addition of CH3OH leads to a decrease of the aging and the viscosity. Commercial surfactants with 5 < HLB < 6 deliver stable bio-oil (5%)/ gasoil (94%) emulsions. Diols and other hydrogenation products are the main compounds after hydroprocessing.
