SR 1. SR 2. SR 3. SR 4. SR 5. SR 6. SR 7. SR 8. SR 9. SR 10. SR 11. SR 12. SR 13. Cu. Co. Cd. Pb. Zn. Page 17. Gembloux agricultural University. Soil Science ...
Gembloux agricultural University Soil Science Department Edaphic conditions in contaminated sites - 1
Variability of edaphic conditions in metalcontaminated sites at multiple scales. A temperate and a tropical situations Colinet G., Leclercq J., Faucon M.P., Bock L., Mahy G., Meerts P.
Gembloux Agricultural University Université Libre de Bruxelles
COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
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Zn, Pb, Cd
Steep slopes
Natura 2000
Prayon COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
Gembloux agricultural University Soil Science Department Edaphic conditions in contaminated sites - 3
Cu, Co
Gentle slopes
Inhabited district
Lubumbashi COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
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The « Katanga syndrom »
Contamination Acidification Death of vegetation Erosion COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
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Theme Soil TE content generates ecological pressure ⇒ specific flora
Conservation
Remediation COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
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Questions What range of ecological conditions? What consequences for site characterization ? remediation?
COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
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Main results
1. What range of ecological conditions?
COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
Gembloux agricultural University Soil Science Department Edaphic conditions in contaminated sites - 8
Log (Mav) = f ( log (MT) pH log(TOC) ) All
Cd Co Cu Zn
Pb Zn
Site specific relationships
COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
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2. Variability within the sites : Prayon
Differences between sites appear important because triplets (n=3) seem closer to each other than to other groups COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
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When sampling density rises, the within-site diversity appears much more important. COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
Gembloux agricultural University Soil Science Department Edaphic conditions in contaminated sites - 111
Zn in vegetation units
COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
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2. Variability within the sites : Lubumbashi
No significant difference of TE content between districts COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
Gembloux agricultural University Soil Science Department Edaphic conditions in contaminated sites - 13
Synthetic pollution index
pHwater in Lubumbashi
COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
Gembloux agricultural University Soil Science Department Edaphic conditions in contaminated sites - 14
The Gecamines district
Figure 1 : carte des unités des sols sur le site de GECAMINES. (Echelle approximative ?) COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
Gembloux agricultural University Soil Science Department Edaphic conditions in contaminated sites - 15
Importance of the state of soil surface : Lubumbashi Cu content / mg kg-1 0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
(C)
A
B
Covered
Bare
COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
Gembloux agricultural University Soil Science Department Edaphic conditions in contaminated sites - 16
TE in the sediments : Lubumbashi 4,50 4,00 3,50 3,00 2,50 2,00 1,50 1,00 0,50
Cu
Co
Cd
Pb
SR 13
SR 12
SR 11
SR 10
SR 9
SR 8
SR 7
SR 6
SR 5
SR 4
SR 3
SR 2
SR 1
0,00
Zn
COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
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3. Fractionation variability : Prayon 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% R
R_OM
EXC
CA
500 Red soil
R_L
B ERMn
B_OM
B_L
ORG
11,000 Black Soil
C
C_OM
Feox
C_L RES
35,000 mg kg-1 Zn Carbonated Soil COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
Gembloux agricultural University Soil Science Department Edaphic conditions in contaminated sites - 18
3. Fractionation variability : Lubumbashi contaminated
Reference + CuSO4 100%
4.85
4.37
80%
3.41
60%
3.81
3.65
3.80
3.41
2.46 40%
20%
0%
Univ.
Univ. cont.
M1
M3 EXC
CA
ERMn
Site 1 ORG
Feox
Site 2
Site 3
Site 4
RES
Need for a typology of the contaminations… COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
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Conclusions High variability whatever the scale considered Importance of redistribution processes
Definition of differentiated management areas COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
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More research is conducted about…
(i) contaminations and physical-chemical conditions in the rhizosphere, (ii) plant tolerance for growing in multi-metallic contaminations, (iii) the ways to reduce the limitations for installation of vegetation COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
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Thank You!
COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
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Form
Abbr.
Method
Exchangeable
EXC
25 ml 1 M MgCl2, pH 7, shaking 1h
Acido-soluble
CAR
25 ml 1 M CH3COO-Na + CH3COOH, pH 5, shaking 3h
Easily reducible
ERM
25 ml 0.1 N NH2OH.HCl + 0.01 N HNO3, pH 2, shaking 30’
Organic matter
ORG
5 ml 35% (v:v) H2O2 + 3 ml 0.02 N HNO3, 2 h at 85°C 3 ml 35% (v:v) H2O2, 2 h at 85°C 10 ml 2 N NH4NO3 in 20% (v:v) HNO3, 30’
Fe and Al oxides
FOX
20 ml 1 N NH2OH.HCl + 25% (v:v) CH3COOH, 4h at 90°C
Residual forms
RES
2x (5 ml conc. HF + 1,5 ml conc. HClO4) + 10 ml 10% (v:v) HCl COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
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COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
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COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
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Identification of mobilizable-mobile relationships Relationship available / mobile soil fractions for Cd calaminary sites 40 y = 0.0654x + 2.7098
CaCl2 Cd (mg/kg)
35
2
R = 0.812
30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0
100
200
300
400
500
Acetate-EDTA Cd (mg/kg) CaCl2
r2 Zn : 0.444 ; Pb : 0.265 COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
Gembloux agricultural University Soil Science Department Edaphic conditions in contaminated sites - 26
Red soil Prayon 100.0 90.0 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0
Carbonated soil Prayon
0.0 EXC
100.0 90.0
CA Al
Fe
ERMn Mn
ORG Cd
FeOx Cu
Pb
RES Zn
80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 EXC
CA Al
Fe
ERMn Mn
ORG Cd
FeOx Cu
Pb
RES Zn
COLINET et al. EUROSOIL - Vienna 2008
