Vibration Report - University of Washington

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490 POST STREET • SUITE 1441 SAN FRANCISCO • CA • 94102 • USA TEL: (+1) 415-693-0424 FAX: (+1) 415-693-1398 http://www.va-consult.com

Site Ambient Characterization UW Research & Technology Building, Seattle

Prepared by: J. Byron Davis Ahmad Bayat, P.E. Vibro-Acoustic Consultants [email protected]

Date: 20 August 2003

V:\Projects\VAC-2003-010-UW-Tech+ResearchBldg\08-Memoranda+Emails\UW-Res+Tech-SiteAmbient.doc • JBD • 20 AUGUST 2003

Executive Summary The University of Washington intends to construct a new office and laboratory space, the UW Research and Technology Building, to house a variety of research interests. The site is on the far western edge of the UW campus, very close to the I-5 bridge over Portage Bay. The site is compact, and is currently used as the W44 parking lot for the University. The property line extends somewhat beyond the curb line of the existing parking lot. The University has requested that we perform a survey of the existing vibration and noise environment at the site. In this report, we document the results of ambient vibration tests, ambient noise tests, and a 24-hour continuous noise monitoring. Based on the data presented here, we find that the site is well suited for laboratory spaces requiring 2000 µin/sec limits. More sensitive research tools with more stringent requirements should be located at foundation level. The site ambient vibration spectrum is dominated by traffic flow on highway I-5. Likewise, ambient noise is dominated by traffic noise, with noise levels well above 80dB(A) for much of the day, peaking at more than 82dB(A) on the western property line. Given the high ambient noise levels at the site, building exterior systems must be properly designed to mitigate the environmental noise propagation into the building interior spaces.

VIBRO-ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS • 490 POST STREET, SUITE 1441 • SAN FRANCISCO, CA • 94102 • USA PHONE: (+1) 415-693-0424 • FAX: (+1) 415-693-1398 • INTERNET: http://www.va-consult.com

Table of Contents

1 Background 2 General Methodology 2.1 Ambient Vibration Survey 2.2 Ambient Noise Survey 3 Data Collection 3.1 Measurement System Parameters 3.2 Measurement Locations 3.3 Site Conditions 3.4 Data Presentation 4 Results 4.1 Vertical Ambient Vibration 4.2 Horizontal Ambient Vibration 4.3 Ambient Noise 5 Concluding Remarks Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8

Site Plan, with Measurement Locations Vertical Ambient Vibration Summary Horizontal Ambient Vibration Summary Comparison of Vertical Data Ambient Noise at Location A Ambient Noise at Location B Spectral Noise Data at Location A Spectral Noise Data at Location B

Appendix A Generic Design Criteria Appendix B Raw Data Plots for Future Reference

p. 1 p. 1 p. 1 p. 1 p. 2 p. 2 p. 3 p. 3 p. 3 p. 4 p. 4 p. 5 p. 5 p. 5 p. 7 p. 8 p. 9 p. 10 p. 11 p. 12 p. 13 p. 14 p. 15 p. 18


-11. Background The University of Washington intends to construct a new office and laboratory space, the UW Research and Technology Building, to house a variety of research interests. The site is on the far western edge of the UW campus, very close to the I-5 bridge over Portage Bay. The site is compact, and is bounded on the east by 7th Ave; on the west by Pasadena Place; on the north by a bicycle/walking trail; on the south by Northlake Place. The site is currently used as the W44 parking lot for the University. The property line extends somewhat beyond the curb line of the existing parking lot. The University has requested that we perform a survey of the existing vibration and noise environment at the site. In this report, we document the results of ambient vibration tests, ambient noise tests, and a 24-hour continuous noise monitoring. 2. General Methodology 2.1 Ambient Vibration Survey In order to assess the vibration performance of green-field sites, we carry out surveys to collect vertical and horizontal vibration data. The locations are chosen randomly to give a broad representation of the performance of the site, avoiding bias in location selection. In addition, since vertical vibration is more dominant, more vertical data are collected than horizontal data. We take an adequate number of measurements to allow for statistical analyses of the data population (temporally). We take narrowband FFT data and numerically integrate these to calculate synthesized 1/3 octave band data. The narrowband data are employed in a diagnostic capacity; these data are useful in identifying tones generated by rotating mechanical equipment and in observing ground responses with a fine resolution. The 1/3 octave band data comprise a broader measure and are the basis for comparison with the relevant criteria. In structures, our practice is to use the average-plus-onestandard-deviation spectrum (Average + σ) in characterizing performance; while this statistic has different meaning in a site evaluation, we display this to elucidate the distribution of data. The average + σ spectrum represents the level below which 84% of the data fall (assuming a Gaussian distribution). 2.2 Ambient Noise Survey In order to assess the noise performance green-field sites, we carry out surveys to collect ambient noise data. These data may be used both in establishing a baseline for comparison with local noise ordinances as well as in assessing the potential for noise impact on occupants of the building. As required by most common noise ordinances, we collected ambient noise data for a 24-hour period. We use one or more noise monitors installed temporarily at the site. These monitors collect overall VIBRO-ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS • 490 POST STREET, SUITE 1441 • SAN FRANCISCO, CA • 94102 • USA PHONE: (+1) 415-693-0424 • FAX: (+1) 415-693-1398 • INTERNET: http://www.va-consult.com

-2A-weighted Leq, L10, and L90 noise data in 1-minute increments, using the “fast” detector setting.1 Since people and structures respond differently to different frequencies, these overall noise data are complemented by spectral measurements to illustrate the distribution of acoustical energy throughout the spectrum. 3. Data Collection 3.1 Measurement System Parameters We measured ambient vibration and noise spectra using our standard testing suite: Instrument

Make / Model

Identification

Signal Analyzer

Dactron Photon (4-ch.)

v1.4, S/N 4558652

Accelerometer

Wilcoxon 731A

S/N 1657

Microphone

Ono Sokki MI-1233

S/N 18911

Microphone Pre-Amp

Ono Sokki MI-3110

S/N 1114

The Photon signal analyzer was interfaced via USB to an IBM ThinkPad T20 laptop computer. Data were processed by Dactron RT Pro (v4.0) and formatted for presentation using Microsoft Excel v2000. During our tests, ambient vibration data were collected in units of velocity with 90frame linear averaging from DC to 125Hz using 400 lines of FFT resolution. The Hanning FFT windowing function was applied, with 90% frame overlap to insure capture of transient events. Noise data were collected in octave bands up to 8000Hz with no weighting and “Fast” or “Slow” averaging (as indicated in the figures) over 20-second samples. The microphone/preamp assembly were calibrated to 94.0dB at 1kHz using a B&K 4231 calibrator immediately prior to data collection. The 24-hour noise monitoring data were gathered using rented instruments: Instrument

Make / Model

Identification

Noise Monitor

Bruel & Kjaer 2236

S/N 2015868

Noise Monitor

Bruel & Kjaer 2236

S/N 2054781

The noise monitors were set to acquire data at 1-minute intervals, logging overall A-weighted Leq, L10, and L90 noise data using the “fast” detector setting. Both monitors were calibrated to 94.0dB at 1kHz using a B&K 4231 calibrator immediately prior to installation.2 The bodies of the monitors were covered with plastic sheeting to protect against moisture and were hidden in trees to prevent

1

2

The Leq is the equivalent continuous noise level over the measurement period. The L10 is the noise level exceeded only 10% of the time during the measurement period; it is often taken as a reasonable maximum for design purposes. The L90 is the noise level exceeded 90% of the time during the measurement period; it is often taken as a reasonable minimum for design purposes. Re-calibration at the end of the 24-hour monitoring period indicated calibration drift of less than 0.3dB.


-3theft. Care was taken to insure that artifacts due to measurement location, geometry, and wind and/or leaf noise were minimized. 3.2 Measurement Locations We collected vertical ambient vibration data at nine locations. At two of these, horizontal ambient vibration data were also collected. Seven of the nine locations were on the existing parking lot slab; two locations at the bottom of the hill, at the northern edge of NE Northlake Place. The seven slab locations were taken to be a representative sample of the footprint of the site; the two locations at the edge of NE Northlake Place were taken to be representative of the stiffer soils thought to be present at lower elevations. However, a review of site soil report shows that site is comprised of very stiff soil throughout, both at the parking lot slab and on the lower elevations. Ambient noise data were collected at two locations, A and B, as indicated in Figure 1. Both locations were chosen to be near property lines. Location A was farthest from the I-5 bridge, at the southeast corner of the property. Location B was closest to the I-5 bridge, at the northwest corner of the property. The noise monitors at both locations were hidden in trees, roughly at 4-5 feet elevation above the surrounding terrain. In the case of Location B, the monitor was some distance down the hill from the parking lot surface; therefore, the elevation of the meter was about the same as the northwest corner of the parking lot. 3.3 Site Conditions During our visit, weather ranged from sunny and clear to overcast and misty. Temperatures were normal, and no heavy winds were present. Traffic on the I-5 bridge appeared to be normal, varying between heavy, slow-moving traffic during rush hours and lighter, fast-moving traffic other times. During our vibration tests, afternoon traffic was heavy but still moving at high speeds. No noticeable traffic was observed on the streets bounding the site. During the spectral noise tests, after-lunch traffic was moderately heavy but still moving at high speeds. Airplane flyovers were frequent, especially by propeller-driven aircraft. 3.4 Data Presentation Statistical analyses of the ambient vibration survey data were performed using Microsoft Excel v2000. From the statistical analyses, we obtain Minimum, Average, Average + σ, and Maximum spectra. In the figures plotting the results of our measurements, all four statistical measures are shown. No statistics are presented for the horizontal data. The Minimum and Maximum spectra illustrate the range of observed data; the Average and Average + σ spectra are shown for reference. The spectra are given in linear terms with units of RMS velocity (in micro-inches per second). In each figure, Part (a) shows the narrowband data; 1/3-octave band data are shown in Part (b) of each figure.


-4The 24-hour noise data are presented at the overall A-weighted 1-minute Leq RMS sound pressure level in decibels (referenced to 20µPa). The data are shown as a function of time, from noon on 12 August through noon on 13 August. Prominent items, such as relevant averages and times, are indicated. Spectral noise data are plotted as unweighted RMS sound pressure level in decibels (referenced to 20µPa) in single octave bands.

4.

Results

4.1 Vertical Ambient Vibration A statistical summary of the vertical vibration data is shown in Figure 2. Three commonly used criteria curves, VC-A (2000µin/sec), VC-D (250µin/sec) and VC-E (125µin/sec), are shown for reference. For some background information regarding the VC curves, please refer to Appendix A. The ambient vibration environment exhibits a broad peak centered near 10Hz. The maximum observed 1/3-octave band vibration was 279µin/sec in the 12.5Hz band. Maximum vibration levels were generally at or near VC-D (250µin/sec) in the 10Hz – 16Hz bands. Given the distribution of the statistical data, it appears that the vibration environment varies little with time or location. The minimum curve shown is mostly associated with a single data point, collected at Location 8. It appears that the elevation difference between Locations 1-7 and 8-9 is of little importance, as expected given that no weak topsoil layer is present at the site. It is unknown why the data at Location 8 are lower than at the other locations. We believe that the broadband vibration in the 10 to 16 Hz range is due to traffic flow on I-5. It is likely that the vibration imparted by the traffic is further amplified by the highway bridge structural dynamics (i.e. beam bending modes). The presence of bridge structural modes is consistent with the concentration of vibration energy in the 10 to 16 Hz range (usually traffic flow, in the absence of bridge structure, will have significant vibration components in the lower frequencies of, say, 0 to 10 Hz). In Figure 4, average vibration data collected at this site are overlaid with data collected at the Physics and Astronomy Building (PAB) and the New Chemistry Building (CHB).3 This figure was assembled to illustrate the ambient environmental difference between this site and other research facilities on the UW campus. Note that ambient vibration levels are similar above about 30Hz; below 6Hz, this site is somewhat noisier than the PAB and CHB; between 10Hz and 16Hz, this site is roughly an order of magnitude noisier than the PAB and CHB. The individual data plots are shown in Appendix B for future reference.

3

The PAB and CHB data were taken from previously published reports assembled in response to the planned Sound Transit rail line. The PAB data were gathered by us in August 1999 (then at a different firm); the CHB data were gathered by us in June 2002.


-54.2 Horizontal Ambient Vibration Horizontal vibration data are shown in Figure 3. The maximum observed 1/3-octave band vibration is 253µin/sec in the 16Hz band at Location 2 in the North/South direction. The maximum vibration levels are at or near VC-D (250µin/sec) at Location 2, and below VC-E at Location 9. The individual data plots are shown in Appendix B for future reference. 4.3 Ambient Noise Data gathered at Locations A and B during the 24-hour monitoring are shown in Figures 5 and 6, respectively. A 20-point moving average is drawn through the lines to illustrate the trend. We make the following comments: • • • • • • • •

This is a noisy site. Due to traffic noise, care must be taken in the design of the building exterior walls, windows, doors, etc. in order to prevent undue impact on occupants. Due to the proximity of the I-5 bridge, Location B is generally noisier than Location A. Noise levels at both locations are dominated by traffic on the I-5 bridge; very little traffic was observed on the adjacent surface streets. Afternoon noise levels peak at about 3PM – 5PM, averaging over this period to 74dB(A) at Location A and 81dB(A) at Location B. Morning noise levels peak at about 6AM – 8AM, averaging over this period to 75dB(A) at Location A and 82dB(A) at Location B. Overnight noise levels are significantly quieter, reaching a minimum at about 2AM – 4AM, averaging over this period to 56dB(A) at Location A and 60dB(A) at Location B. Noise levels dropped off significantly after about 11PM, beginning to rise again at about 4:30AM. The dip just before 11:30AM is seen in the data at both locations; it appears that traffic was temporarily stopped or significantly slowed on the bridge around this time.

In addition to overall noise levels, spectral noise data were gathered. These are shown in Figures 7 and 8, illustrating ambient noise spectra at Locations A and B, respectively. The noise profile appears to be quite flat up to about 1kHz, consistent with traffic-generated noise. Since people and structures respond differently to different frequencies, these data will help inform design decisions regarding building exterior components such as doors, windows, and wall systems. The full data sets are given in Appendix B for future reference. 5.

Concluding Remarks

Based on the data presented in this report, we make the following concluding remarks:


-6•

The maximum site ambient vibration is around 250 microinches/sec. This site is well suited for laboratory spaces requiring 2000 microinches/sec limits. More sensitive research tools with more stringent requirements must be located at foundation level. The site ambient vibration spectrum is dominated by traffic flow on highway I-5.

•

The site ambient noise is also dominated by the traffic flow on highway I-5. The data from the continuous 24-hr monitoring show maximum noise levels well above 82dB(A) at the western property line. The building exterior systems must be properly designed to mitigate the environmental noise propagation into the building interior spaces.

•

•

•

This concludes our report. Please feel free to call if you have any questions. We may be reached in our offices by telephone at (+1) 415-693-0424 or via email at . Sincerely,

J. Byron Davis Vibro-Acoustic Consultants


-7Figure 1: UW Research & Technology Building Site Ambient Survey – 11 August 2003 Site Plan, with Measurement Locations Indicated

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B

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8 9

V I B R O - A C O U S T I C C O N S U L T A N T S • 4 9 0 P O S T S T R E E T , S U I T E 1 4 4 1 • S A N F R A N C I S C O , C A • 9 4 1 0 2 • U S A P H O N E : ( + 1 ) 4 1 5 - 6 9 3 - 0 4 2 4 • F A X : ( + 1 ) 4 1 5 - 6 9 3 - 1 3 9 8 • I N T E R N E T : h t t p : / / w w w . v a - c o n s u l t . c o m

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Figure 2: UW Research and Technology Building Site Ambient Survey - 11 August 2003 Statistics for Nine Data Points at Nine Locations -- Vertical Vibration Narrowband (Bandwidth = 0.46875)

RMS Velocity [ micro-in/s ]

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b) One-Third Octave Band 10000.0


VC-A: 2000 uin/s

1000.0 VC-D: 250 uin/s VC-E: 125 uin/s

100.0

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Max Vertical Avg Vertical Min Vertical Avg+StDev

1.0 1

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-9-

Figure 3: UW Research and Technology Building Site Ambient Survey - 11 August 2003 Summary of Horizontal Data at Two Locations Narrowband (Bandwidth = 0.46875)


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VC-A: 2000 uin/s

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- 10 -

Figure 4: UW Research & Technology Building Site Ambient Survey -- 11 August 2003 Comparison of Vertical Vibration Data at Site with Other Sensitive UW Buildings 1000.0 VC-D: 250 uin/s


VC-E: 125 uin/s

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10.0 Res. & Tech Site Average (Aug 2003)

PAB Average (Aug 1999)

CHB Average (Jun 2002)

1.0 1

10 1/3 Octave Band Center Frequency [ Hz ]


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- 11 -

Figure 5: UW Research & Technology Building Site Survey -- 12-13 August 2003 Ambient Noise at Location A: 1-minute Leq; A-weighted; Fast Response 90.0

8/12/03 23:00

8/13/03 4:30

20 per. Mov. Avg. (Leq) 80.0 74.6

73.7 70.0

60.0 56.0 50.0

Time, 12-13 August 2003 V I B R O - A C O U S T I C C O N S U L T A N T S • 4 9 0 P O S T S T R E E T , S U I T E 1 4 4 1 • S A N F R A N C I S C O , C A • 9 4 1 0 2 • U S A P H O N E : ( + 1 ) 4 1 5 - 6 9 3 - 0 4 2 4 • F A X : ( + 1 ) 4 1 5 - 6 9 3 - 1 3 9 8 • I N T E R N E T : h t t p : / / w w w . v a - c o n s u l t . c o m

8/13/03 12:00

8/13/03 9:36

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8/13/03 4:48

8/13/03 2:24

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8/12/03 21:36

8/12/03 19:12

8/12/03 16:48

8/12/03 14:24

40.0 8/12/03 12:00

A-weighted Overall RMS SPL [dB re: 1uPa]

Leq

- 12 -

Figure 6: UW Research & Technology Building Site Survey -- 12-13 August 2003 Ambient Noise at Location B: 1-minute Leq; A-weighted; Fast Response 8/12/03 23:15

8/13/03 4:30 82.4

80.6 80.0

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Figure 7: UW Research & Technology Building Site Ambient Survey -- 12 August 2003 Spectral Data at Location A, Collected 12 August 13:20 - 13:40 90

RMS Sound Pressure Level [dB re: 1 micro-Pa]

80 70 60

40

Similar curves for Peak Hold and Exponential Average suggests that site is dominated by continuous, broadband noise from I-5 bridge. Higher levels were observed with flyover of a small propeller-driven aircraft, a common occurrence at this site.

30

These spectra will be useful in evaluating the need for specialized noise mitigation measures to protect occupants against undue impact.

50

20

Loc A 30-sec Fast Peak Hold (Airplane Flyover) : 79dB(A) Overall Loc A 30-sec Fast Peak Hold : 71dB(A) Overall Loc A 30-sec Slow Exponential : 70dB(A) Overall

10 0 10

100

1000 Octave Band Center Frequency [Hz]


10000

- 14 -

Figure 8: UW Research & Technology Building Site Ambient Survey -- 12 August 2003 Spectral Data at Location B, Collected 12 August 13:20 - 13:40 90


80 70 60 50 40

Since Location B is very close to the I-5 bridge, the Peak Hold data are characterized by loud but rare events on the overpass. Noise levels here are clearly dominated by traffic on I-5.

30

These spectra will be useful in evaluating the need for specialized noise mitigation measures to protect occupants against undue impact.

20

Loc B 30-sec Slow Exponential : 73dB(A) Overall 10

Loc B 30-sec Fast Peak Hold : 79dB(A) Overall

0 10

100



10000

- 15 -

APPENDIX A GENERIC DESIGN CRITERIA FOR VIBRATION-SENSITIVE EQUIPMENT AND PROCESSES This appendix presents vibration criteria that have been used quite extensively for over two decades, particularly in the microelectronics industry. The criteria take the form of a set of one-third octave band velocity spectra labeled vibration criterion curves VC-A through VC-E. These are shown in Figure A.1, together with the International Standards Organization (ISO) guidelines for the effects of vibration on people in buildings. The criteria apply to vibration as measured in the vertical and two horizontal directions. The application of these criteria as they apply to people and vibrationsensitive equipment is described in Table A.1. The main elements of the criteria are as follows: 1)

The vibration is expressed in terms of its root-mean-square (RMS) velocity (as opposed to displacement or acceleration). It has been found in various studies that while different items of equipment (and people) may exhibit maximum sensitivity at different frequencies (corresponding to internal resonances), often these points of maximum sensitivity lie on a curve of constant velocity.

2)

The use of a proportional bandwidth (the bandwidth of the one-third octave is twenty-three percent of the band center frequency) as opposed to a fixed bandwidth is justified on the basis of a conservative view of the internal damping of typical equipment components. Experience shows that in most environments the vibration is dominated by broadband (random) energy rather than tonal (periodic) energy.

3)

The fact that the criterion curves allow for greater vibration velocity for frequencies below 8 Hz reflects experience that this frequency range, in most instances, lies below the lowest resonance frequency. Relative motions between the components are, therefore, harder to excite and the sensitivity to vibration is reduced.

4)

For a site to comply with a particular equipment category the measured one-third octave band velocity spectrum must lie below the appropriate criterion curve of Figure A.1.

These equipment criterion curves have been developed on the basis of data on individual items of equipment and from data obtained from measurements made in facilities before and after vibrationrelated problems were solved. The curves are generic in the sense that they are intended to apply to broadly defined classes of equipment and processes. They are intended to apply to the more sensitive equipment within each category that is defined. The criteria assume that bench-mounted equipment will be supported on benches that are rigidly constructed and damped so that amplification due to resonances are limited to a small value. The criteria take into account the fact that certain types of equipment (such as SEMs) are supplied by the manufacturer with built-in vibration isolation. It is important to note that these criteria are for guidance only. The "detail sizes'' given in Table A.1 appear to represent experience at the time of writing. They reflect the fact that the quality of design and of built-in isolation in most equipment tends to improve as dimensional requirements become more stringent. In some instances the criteria may be overly conservative because of the high quality of built-in isolation. Thus, for instance, many steppers used in photolithography are, currently, relatively insensitive to vibration. In most instances it is recommended that the advice of equipment manufacturers or of a vibration consultant be sought in selecting a design standard. VIBRO-ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS • 490 POST STREET, SUITE 1441 • SAN FRANCISCO, CA • 94102 • USA PHONE: (+1) 415-693-0424 • FAX: (+1) 415-693-1398 • INTERNET: http://www.va-consult.com

- 16 -

Figure A.1: Generic Vibration Criterion (VC) Curves for vibration-sensitive equipment -- Showing also the ISO Guidelines for people in buildings. (See Table A.1 for description of equipment and uses)

100

Workshop (ISO)

90

Velocity Level ( dB re 1 micro-inch/s )

Office (ISO) 80

Residential Day (ISO)

Operating Theatre (ISO) 70 VC - A (2000 micro-inches/sec)

VC - B (1000 micro-inches/sec)

60

VC - C (500 micro-inches/sec) 50

VC - D (250 micro-inches/sec)

VC - E (125 micro-inches/sec) 40 4

5

6.3

8

10

12.5

16

20

25

31.5

40

50

63

80

One-Third Octave Band Center Frequency ( Hz )


- 17 Table A.1: Application and interpretation of the generic vibration criterion (VC) curves (as shown in Figure A.1)

Criterion Curve (see Figure 1) Workshop (ISO) Office (ISO) Residential Day (ISO)

Max Level (1) micro-in/sec (dB) 32000 (90)

Op. Theatre (ISO)

4000 (72)

25

VC-A

2000 (66)

8

VC-B

1000 (60)

3

VC-C

500 (54)

1

VC-D

250 (48)

0.3

VC-E

125 (42)

0.1

16000 (84) 8000 (78)

Detail Size (2) Description of Use microns N/A Distinctly feelable vibration. Appropriate to workshops and nonsensitive areas. N/A Feelable vibration. Appropriate to offices and nonsensitive areas. 75 Barely feelable vibration. Appropriate to sleep areas in most instances. Probably adequate for computer equipment, probe test equipment and low-power (to 20X) microscopes. Vibration not feelable. Suitable for sensitive sleep areas. Suitable in most instances for microscopes to 100X and for other equipment of low sensitivity. Adequate in most instances for optical microscopes to 400X, microbalances, optical balances, proximity and projection aligners, etc. An appropriate standard for optical microscopes to 1000X, inspection and lithography equipment (including steppers) to 3 micron line widths. A good standard for most lithography and inspection equipment to 1 micron detail size. Suitable in most instances for the most demanding equipment including electron microscopes (TEMs and SEMs) and E-Beam systems, operating to the limits of their capability. A difficult criterion to achieve in most instances. Assumed to be adequate for the most demanding of sensitive systems including long path, laser-based, small target systems and other systems requiring

Notes: (1) As measured in one-third octave bands of frequency over the frequency range 8 to 100 Hz. The dB scale is referenced to 1 micro-inch/sec. (2) The detail size refers to the line widths for microelectronics fabrication, the particle (cell) size for medical and pharmaceutical research, etc. The values given take into account the observation that the vibration requirements of many items depend upon the detail size of the process. The information given in this table is for guidance only. In most instances, it is recommended that the advice of someone knowledgeable about applications and vibration requirements of the equipment and process be sought.


- 18 Appendix B: Raw Data Plots for Reference Record 1: UW Research and Technology Building Site Ambient Survey -- 11 August 2003 Location 1 (Vertical): On Existing Paved Lot Narrowband (Bandwidth = 0.46875)


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- 25 Appendix B: Raw Data Plots for Reference Record 8: UW Research and Technology Building Site Ambient Survey -- 11 August 2003 Location 8 (Vertical): At Northern Edge of NE Northlake Pl Narrowband (Bandwidth = 0.46875)


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- 26 Appendix B: Raw Data Plots for Reference Record 9: UW Research and Technology Building Site Ambient Survey -- 11 August 2003 Location 9 (Vertical): At Northern Edge of NE Northlake Pl Narrowband (Bandwidth = 0.46875)


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- 27 Appendix B: Raw Data Plots for Reference Record 1: UW Research and Technology Building Site Ambient Survey -- 11 August 2003 Location 2 (East/West Horizontal): On Existing Paved Lot Narrowband (Bandwidth = 0.46875)


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0.1 1

10

100

Frequency, Hz



1000.0

100.0

10.0

1.0 1

10

100

Frequency, Hz


- 28 Appendix B: Raw Data Plots for Reference Record 2: UW Research and Technology Building Site Ambient Survey -- 11 August 2003 Location 2 (North/South Horizontal): On Existing Paved Lot Narrowband (Bandwidth = 0.46875)


1000.0

100.0

10.0

1.0

0.1 1

10

100

Frequency, Hz



1000.0

100.0

10.0

1.0 1

10

100

Frequency, Hz


- 29 Appendix B: Raw Data Plots for Reference Record 3: UW Research and Technology Building Site Ambient Survey -- 11 August 2003 Location 9 (East/West Horizontal): At Northern Edge of NE Northlake Pl Narrowband (Bandwidth = 0.46875)


100.0

10.0

1.0

0.1 1

10

100

Frequency, Hz



100.0

10.0

1.0 1

10

100

Frequency, Hz


- 30 -

Appendix B: Raw Data Plots for Reference Record 4: UW Research and Technology Building Site Ambient Survey -- 11 August 2003 Location 9 (North/South Horizontal): At Northern Edge of NE Northlake Pl Narrowband (Bandwidth = 0.46875)


1000.0

100.0

10.0

1.0

0.1 1

10

100

Frequency, Hz



1000.0

100.0

10.0

1.0 1

10

100

Frequency, Hz


- 31 -

Appendix B: Raw Data Plots for Reference Record A: UW Research & Technology Building Site Survey -- 12-13 August 2003 Ambient Noise at Location A: 1-minute Leq, L10, L90; A-weighted; Fast Response

90.0

80.0

70.0

Leq

60.0

L10

L90 50.0


8/13/03 12:00

8/13/03 9:36

8/13/03 7:12

8/13/03 4:48

8/13/03 2:24

8/13/03 0:00

8/12/03 21:36

8/12/03 19:12

8/12/03 16:48

8/12/03 14:24

40.0 8/12/03 12:00


100.0

- 32 -

Appendix B: Raw Data Plots for Future Reference Record B: UW Research & Technology Building Site Survey -- 12-13 August 2003 Ambient Noise at Location B: 1-minute Leq, L10, L90; A-weighted; Fast Response

90.0

80.0

70.0

60.0

Leq

L10 50.0

L90

NB: L10 and L90 data not available at Location B between 23:11 and 09:56.


8/13/03 12:00

8/13/03 9:36

8/13/03 7:12

8/13/03 4:48

8/13/03 2:24

8/13/03 0:00

8/12/03 21:36

8/12/03 19:12

8/12/03 16:48

8/12/03 14:24

40.0 8/12/03 12:00


100.0

- 33 Appendix B: Raw Data for Reference Cal. Record: UW Research & Technology Building Site Ambient Survey -- 12 August 2003 Calibration Tone Record (Calibrating to B&K 4231 with 94dB at 1000Hz) 100

94.0 RMS Sound Pressure Level [dB re: 1 micro-Pa]

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20

Cal Tone vs. 94dB at 1kHz Reference 10 0 10

100



10000

- 34 -

Appendix B: Raw Data for Reference Records A1 - A5: UW Research & Technology Building Site Ambient Survey -- 12 August 2003 Spectral Data at Locations A and B: Overlay of Data Collected 12 August 13:20 - 13:40 90


80 70 60 50 40 30

Loc B 30-sec Slow Exponential : 73dB(A) Overall 20

Loc B 30-sec Fast Peak Hold : 79dB(A) Overall

Loc A 30-sec Fast Peak Hold (Airplane Flyover) : 79dB(A) Overall

Loc A 30-sec Fast Peak Hold : 71dB(A) Overall

10

Loc A 30-sec Slow Exponential : 70dB(A) Overall 0 10

100



10000

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