Nov 13, 2013 ... AB2514 Mandates that the California Utilities Install 1325 MW of Battery. Storage
... Equivalent battery size to 2,000 Chevrolet Volt automobiles.
Kern County Energy Summit Energy Storage Panel David S. Potter Chevron Energy Solutions November 13, 2013
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Chevron Energy Solutions Who We Are Chevron Energy Solutions, a division of Chevron U.S.A., Inc., partners with organizations, businesses, and governments to help our customers achieve their business goals Designed and implemented 900+ projects throughout the U.S.
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Why the sudden interest in Energy Storage?
The increased need for electricity storage to facilitate the adoption of renewable energy generation sources. Energy Storage can provide a cost effective method to increase the capacity of the existing utility grid, increase system efficiency and improve reliability. Advances in technology inspired by mobile electronic devices and electric vehicles have reduced cost, increased efficiency and increased the cycle life of batteries.
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Size Range of Technologies and Applications
10000
Power Scale (MW)
1000
- Uninterruptible - Grid power power supply quality/reliability - Black start capability
100 10 1
Lead-acid Battery (PbA)
SuperConducting Magnetic (SMES) Ultracapacitor (UCap)
Flywheel (FW)
0.1
- Bulk storage for Pumped renewables - Peak shaving Hydro (PHES) Compressed Air (CAES)
SodiumSulfur Battery Flow (NaS) Battery H2 + Fuel Cell Lithium-ion Battery (Li-ion)
0.01 0.001 = Emerging/ experimental/demo phase
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0.01
0.1
1
Discharge Time Scale (hr)
10
Utility Applications for Energy Storage
Generator-Sited Storage Transmission System Storage Distribution System Storage
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Customer Applications for Energy Storage
Rate arbitrage for “Time of Use” tariffs Peak Shaving Power Quality / Power Reliability improvements Integration of On-Site Renewable With Storage
EV Charging Demand Reduction Off Grid Systems
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Value Stacking
Battery systems can often provide multiple valuable services. The 2 MW / 4 MW battery at Santa Rita Jail provides the following services
In the future we plan on adding to the value stack
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Projected Market Growth
Growth from $6 Billion in 2012 to $16 Billion in 2020**
**Electronics.CA- http://www.electronics.ca/store/global-energy-storage-system-market-forecast.html
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Lithium-Ion Battery Cost Reduction Projection
“lithium-ion battery packs could fall from $600 per kilowatt hour (kWh) today to about $200 per kWh by 2020”*
*Mckinsey - http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/energy_resources_materials/battery_technology_charges_ahead
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Utility Targets for Large Scale Energy Storage in California AB2514 Mandates that the California Utilities Install 1325 MW of Battery Storage by 2020.
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Local Large Scale Storage Projects
PG&E Helms Pumped Storage – It has been in service since 1984. – The plant capacity is 1,212 MW. – It was designed to complement Diablo Canyon Power Plant to store energy at night and generate during the day.
SCE Tehachapi Wind Energy Storage Project – 32 MWh Lithium Ion battery – The battery is capable of providing the electric to supply 100 homes for one month – Equivalent battery size to 2,000 Chevrolet Volt automobiles – The objective of the project is to evaluate the capability of utility scale lithium-ion battery technology to improve grid performance and assist in the integration of variable energy resources into the SCE grid. – The battery will be connected to SCE’s Antelope-Bailey 66 kV system and will reside inside SCE’s Monolith substation in Tehachapi, California. – This system is scheduled to go into service in December of this year. © 2013 Chevron
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Santa Rita Jail Microgrid When a disturbance to the utility grid occurs, the automatic disconnect switch enables the facility to “island” itself from the main utility grid and independently generate and store its own energy.
Two 1.2 MW backup diesel generators Distributed Energy Resources Management System (DERMS) The distributed energy resources management system (DERMS) serves to reduce peak demand during normal gridconnected operation or during a demand response event.
PG&E utility interconnection or “Point of Common Coupling” and static disconnect switch
1 MW fuel cell 2 MW advanced energy storage system
Five 2.3 kW wind turbines
1.2 MW rooftop solar photovoltaic system
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Lithium Ion Stationary Applications
Santa Rita Jail, Dublin – 2 MW / 4 MWh
Angamos Power Plant, Chile – 20 MW / 5 MWh
Los Andes Substation, Chile – 12 MW / 3 MWh
Laurel Mountain, West Virginia – 32 MW / 8 MWh
Auwahi Wind Farm, Hawaii – 12 MW / 4.5 MWh
Wailea Substation, Hawaii – 1 MW / 1 MWh
Tehachapi Wind Farm, California – 8 MW / 32 MWh
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Performance Metrics
Roundtrip efficiency The ratio of energy discharged from the storage system to the energy used to charge the system. Energy density The amount of energy storage capacity per unit volume or unit mass (also referred to as specific energy).
Cycle Life The number of times the device can be charged and discharged (dependent on depth of discharge, typical 80% DOD) and the length of time it can be in service before its energy capacity falls below a certain level (80% of its initial rated capacity for batteries). Operating Temperature The temperatures range at which the device can operate without permanent damage.
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