wine-growing centers there are large eco-climatic differences, so there are
differences in assortment. At Miniş cultivars for red wines of high quality prevail ...
VITICULTURAL SYSTEMS IN WESTERN ROMANIA IN THE CONCEPT OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SALA F., DOBREI A., Alina GHIŢĂ, CRISTEA T., BOC R. Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Timişoara, Romania Corresponding author: F. SALA, e-mail:
[email protected]
ABSTRACT The researches took place in the Western part of the country, in the wine-growing areas of: Recaş, Silagiu-Buziaş, Teremia, Miniş. They aimed at the sustainability of the viticultural systems as systems of production and ways of sustainable rural development. There are well organized holdings, with large areas, a great varietal assortment and adequate culture technologies. At the same time there are also small and medium sized holdings which have insufficient financial resources, and also possess plantations with different degree of biological degradation, with inadequate varietal assortments and a minimal culture technology. We consider that is necessary to maintain all the autochthon cultivars in the assortment, in order to create diversity and variability through which to enter, under the effect of some high-tech culture and wine making technologies into the global wine market. Key words: viticultural systems, sustainable development, vine assortment
INTRODUCTION The sustainable development grants a special attention to the management of the territory, considered in its whole as an environmental complex system and also to the optimization of the processes of agricultural production, starting from an evaluation of their concordance. Within the concept of sustainable development of the territory, one fundamental element is the adoption of a general strategy of the development that correlates and integrates the ecologic, economic and social issues as major elements of the agricultural systems and of the rural environment, in short, medium and long term time sequences. In this context, the agricultural production systems among which the viticultural systems can contribute to the sustainable development of the rural localities. In the agricultural systems, as an ensemble of ecologic, economic and social elements, man operates in two directions in order to enhance the performances of the system, fig. 1. It is necessary and very important for these measures to be applied differentiated, depending on the pedoclimatic conditions and the agrobiologic particularities of the cultivated cultivars and varieties, but also unitary, in order to the agrophytotechnic treatments to complete their efficacy and to determine the viticultural production growth and enhanced quality, the maintaining or the increasing of the soil fertility, the increasing of the exploitations efficiency and maintaining the natural equilibriums. Romania is one of the main wine-growing European countries, with a high potential and an ancient tradition in what concern the vine culture. The evolution of the viticultural systems in Romania must be analyzed in the context of nowadays socialeconomic and political conjuncture. After the negotiations with the E.U. the viticultural potential of Romania comprises several categories, presented in table 1. Romania has 8 wine-growing regions that comprise numerous vineyards and winegrowing centers. An important wine-growing region of Romania is the Western part,
which represents a region with a long tradition and experience in what concerns the vine culture. It ensures favorable and very favorable conditions both for the culture of table grape cultivars and especially for the wine cultivars.
Fig. 1. All the measures undertaken by man to harmonize the process of agricultural production. Table 1 Wine-growing area of Romania Wine-growing area recorded in the register Wine-growing area occupied with parcels of
