Wellbeing

School of Industrial and Information Engineering Campus Leonardo Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering

Relazione Mente-Corpo Non Sappiamo Mai Dove Il Corpo Ci Sorprenderà Milano, Italy 14 Maggio, 2016

Wellbeing e Wellness: Una Nuova Prospettiva Bioingegneristica Dell’Essere Umano Rodolfo A. FIORINI, DEIB-Politecnico di Milano, Italy Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

Wellbeing e Wellness: Una Nuova Prospettiva Bioingegneristica Dell’Essere Umano

« Le seul véritable voyage ce ne serait pas d'aller vers de nouveaux paysages, mais d'avoir d'autres yeux… » Valentin Louis Georges Eugène Marcel Proust (1871-1922) from La Prisonnière (1923).

Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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« Observer c’est pour la plus grande part, imaginer ce que l’on s’attend à voir. » Ambroise-Paul-Toussaint-Jules Valéry (1871-1945) from "Degas, Danse, Dessin", in Oeuvres de Paul Valéry (Librairie Gallimard, 1960), II, p. 1169.


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Presentation Outline 1. Introduction (10) • What is Wellbeing? • Paradigmatic Confusion

2. The Challenge of KTE (04) • What Clinicians Want in Psychotherapy • What Clients Really Want from Psychotherapy

3. Current Scientific Approach (16) • Operative Reference Scenario • From Reductionism to Complexity

4. Examples (11) • The Human Condition • Current Information Double-Bind (IDB)

5. EPM Overall View (17) • The Pertinent Numbers for Human Brain • EPM Logical Structure

6. Conclusion (03) • Mente e Creatività Book • Creativity Mind Ebook


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1. Introduction (00)

Paradigma Sistemico di Riferimento 1. Introduction (10) • What is Wellbeing? • Paradigmatic Confusion


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What is Wellbeing?


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What is Wellbeing? Contrary to popular belief, wellbeing is different from ‘happiness’. Happiness can come and go in a moment, whereas wellbeing is a more stable state of being well, feeling satisfied and contented. (Australian Unity Wellbeing Index, 2015) Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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Wellbeing in Italy In Italy the closest Italian one-word meaning to "wellbeing" is "benessere", which is always translated back into English as "wellness"! Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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What is Wellbeing?  Wellbeing is often simply defined as feeling good and functioning well. This includes having a fair share of material resources, influence and control, a sense of meaning, belonging and connection with people and place and the capability to manage problems and change.

 There is abundant evidence to demonstrate that the skills and attributes associated with wellbeing are a core asset, protecting and enhancing the lives of individuals and communities.  Improving your wellbeing not only leads to the prevention of disease, but can lead to outcomes that include: better physical health, healthier lifestyles, improved recovery from illness, fewer limitations in daily living, higher educational attainment, greater productivity, employment and earnings, better relationships with adults and children, more social cohesion and engagement, improved quality of life. (L. Friedli, 2009) Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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The Challenge of Defining Wellbeing

(Dodge, Daly, Huyton, 2012) Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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(Inglehart–Welzel cultural map of the world, 2010) Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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The Challenge of Defining Wellbeing Learning according to Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama (1935-)

Because we all share this small planet Earth, we have to learn to live in harmony and peace with each other and with Nature. That is not just a dream, but a necessity. Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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(Five Phases – Wu Xing, 五行) Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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Systemic Reference Paradigms  Naturalistic DaVincian (1478): sxt.  Relativistic Galileinian (1632): t ≡ A; s ≡ R.

 Reductionist Positivist (1687): t ≡ A; s ≡ A.  Relativistic Einsteinian (1921): sxt.  Quantum Stochastic

(1924–1927): E(f(sxt)).

(The Copenhagen Interpretation: Niels Bohr, Werner Heisenberg.)

 Quantum Causal

(1992): sxt (Open System).

(The de Broglie–Bohm theory Interpretation: Louis de Broglie, David Bohm.)

 Quantum Transactional (1986-2013): (Open Systems). (TIQM: John G. Cramer, R. Kastner.)

 Quantum Relational

(1994-1997): (Open Systems).

(The RQM Interpretation: Carlo Rovelli, Basvan Fraassen and by Michel Bitbol.) Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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On Paradigmatic Confusion PARADIGMATIC CONFUSION

occurs when incompatible epistemological assumptions are inadvertently mixed in explanations and practice. Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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2. The Challenge of KTE (00)

Paradigma Sistemico di Riferimento 2. The Challenge of KTE (04) • What Clinicians Want in Psychotherapy • What Clients Really Want from Psychotherapy


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2. The Challenge of KTE (01) What Clinicians Want in Psychotherapy For advancing Knowledge Translation and Exchange (KTE) in psychotherapy, a practice research network survey (2015) on "what clinicians want" from psychotherapy research shows the following ranking of research themes, from most to least important:

Therapeutic Relationship/Mechanisms of Change; Therapist Factors; Training and Professional Development; Client Factors; Barriers and Stigma; Technology and Adjunctive Interventions; Progress Monitoring; Matching Clients to Therapist or Therapy; Treatment Manuals. Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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2. The Challenge of KTE (02) What Clinicians Want in Psychotherapy Few differences were noted in rankings based on participant age or primary therapeutic orientation. Lower ranked items may be perceived as externally imposed agendas on the therapist and therapy. We focus our study on the first three topics mainly.

Our presentation offers a strategic review and, as an example, the main steps to develop and achieve application resilience and antifragility awareness at system level, for diagnostic and therapeutic telepractice and telehealth support, devoted to psychiatry and psychology application mainly. Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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2. The Challenge of KTE (03) What Clients Really Want from Psychotherapy As a matter of fact we have:

Unpredictable Needs. So, we need guided creativity in the (virtual) consulting room. New Tools for More Energizing and Effective Therapy. Final answer:

Dynamic Client Profiling (DCP) and Dynamic Therapist Profiling (DTP). Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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2. The Challenge of KTE (04) The Challenge of KTE Today we see a large number of psychotherapeutic institutions characterized by an abundance of different reference schools and trends. Current scientific and technical psychotherapeutic understanding suffer from this diversity of resources (Very low KTE). Further scientific developments could be highly hampered by so many fragmented offers. Nevertheless, they all start from common, shared understandings, since long time. De Giacomo’s Elementary Pragmatic Model (MPE) can be of any help. It allows any current technique and constuction to be reframed into a coherent, systemic organizational framework, easily. By this way, higher KTE is achieved. They can become available even to clinical, reliable telepractice, immediately. Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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3. Current Scientific Approach (00)

3. Current Scientific Approach (16) • Operative Reference Scenario • From Reductionism to Complexity


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3. Current Scientific Approach (01) Basic Operative Reference Scenario (Science 1.0)


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Linear Feedback Example (prognosis)

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1

2


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3. Current Scientific Approach (03) To face the challenge of life as complex systems understanding and reliable arbitrary multiscale (AMS) system modeling, we need to be able to manage system uncertainty quantification from macroscale, through mesoscale, till nanoscale and beyond. We need more robust, resilient and antifragile application to be ready for next generation systems. Attempts to optimize multi-scale systems in a topdown (TD) point-of-view (POV) will be less and less effective, and cannot be done in real time. That is the main reason why, over the last few years, integration of stochastic methods into a multi-scale framework (from macro-scale to nano-scale) or development of multi-scale models in a stochastic setting for epistemic uncertainty quantification (UQ) is becoming an emerging research frontier for systems modeling, innovation and competitive development in Science and Technology.

What is a Complex System? Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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Example of Multi-Scale System


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(R.A. Fiorini, 2015) Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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Current Multi-Scale System Modeling

(R.A. Fiorini, 2015) Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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3. Current Scientific Approach (09) The Root of the Problem for Multi-Scale System Modeling TD POV

BU POV


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3. Current Scientific Approach (10) Nonlinear Feedback Example (Complex System)

2

3

4 1


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Complex System Fundamental Relationships


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Four Possible Asymptotic Regimes


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3. Current Scientific Approach (14) Example of Complex (Multi-Scale) System


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Emergent Transdisciplinary Reality Level

(Ambigram by Douglas R. Hofstadter, 2008) Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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3. Current Scientific Approach (16) Four-Level Reliability Hierarchy ROBUSTNESS:

Statistical and applied probabilistic theory is the core of traditional scientific knowledge; it is the "logic of Science 1.0"; it is the traditional instrument of risk-taking. Problems are treated with the traditional approach of risk analysis, which provides an acceptable cost/benefit ratio to manufacturer, but in some cases it may not represent an optimal solution to end user. But systems can be quite fragile because, Statistics can fool you, unfortunately.(Taleb, 2005)

RESILIENCE:

For the inanimate, Resilience is the ability of a material to absorb energy when it is deformed elastically, and release that energy upon unloading. For the living, in 1888, Hormesis was first described (though still not given a name) by a German toxicologist, Hugo Paul Friedrich Schulz (1853-1932), who observed that small doses of poison stimulate the growth of yeast while larger doses cause harm.(Eulenberg, 1906) A human body can benefit from stressors (to get stronger), but only to a point.(Wolff's Law, 1892). Newly engineered composite material of carbon nanotubes arranged in a certain manner can produces a self-strengthening response previously unseen in synthetic materials, "similar to the localized self-strengthening that occurs in biological structures." (Carey et al., 2010) This crosses the boundary between the living and the inanimate, as it can lead to the development of adaptable load-bearing material. We can use the distinction as a marker between living and nonliving beings. So to be alive is to have a little stress.

ANTIFRAGILITY:

Even better. The notion of Antifragility, an attribute of systems that makes them thrive under variable conditions, has recently been proposed by Nassim Taleb in a business context.(Taleb, 2012) This idea requires the ability of such systems to "tinker", i.e., to creatively respond to changes in their environment. A fairly obvious example of this is natural selection-driven evolution.

HIPPOCRATICITY:

The concept of Hippocraticity is even stronger for a natural resilient and antifragile system operating level, which can emerge from a self-balancing complex system to its environment, when human being health conservation is mandatory (intrinsic safety and security system). Canadian ecologist Crawford Stanley (Buzz) Holling (1930-) has introduced important ideas in the application of ecology and evolution. He focused on natural living organism antifragility, including resilience, adaptive management, the adaptive cycle, and panarchy. Here, "Panarchy" refers to the framework for conceptualizing the type of coupled human-environment systems described in Gunderson & Holling (in 2002) and more briefly, with some changes, in Walker et al. (in 2006). This framework may be divided into two parts, "the resilience conceptual framework" and "the adaptive cycle metaphor."


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4. Examples (00)

Paradigma Sistemico di Riferimento 4. Examples (11) • The Human Condition • Current Information Double-Bind(IDB)


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4. Examples (01) First Example: (What is this?)

Colorado River in Utah, USA Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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4. Examples (02) Second Example: (What is this?)

Citadel of Aleppo, Siria Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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4. Examples (03) Third Example: (What is this?)

Colorado River in Utah and Arizona, USA Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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4. Examples (04) Fourth Example: (Nobuyuki Kayahara’s Spinning Dancer, 2003)


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4. Examples (05) Fifth Example: (David Pescovitz, 2013)


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4. Examples (06) Fifth Example (Cont’d): (David Pescovitz, 2013)


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4. Examples (07) The Human Condition As a matter of fact, the classical instrumentation noise discrimination problem is still faced by the single domain channel transfer function concept (Shannon’s noisy channel), starting from classic Shannon’s information theory concept, and then applying traditional perturbation computational model under either additive or multiplicative perturbation hypothesis. In general, H(x), called "Shannon entropy," is the average unpredictability in a random variable, which is equivalent to its information content. The concept was introduced by Claude E. Shannon in his 1948 paper "A Mathematical Theory of Communication." Shannon’s entropy provides an absolute limit on the best possible lossless encoding or compression of any communication, assuming that the communication may be represented as a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables.


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4. Examples (08) Sixth Example: (16 by 16 pixel, 256-shades of gray image) H1(X) = 0.893995, in single precision arithmetic, H2(X) = 0.893995239236685, in double precision arithmetic H3(X) = 0.893995239236684877496472491876528813219927312274 6343439319551627, with 64-digit precision arithmetic.

H1(X) = 1.000000, in single precision arithmetic, H2(X) = 1.000000000000000, in double precision arithmetic H3(X) = 1.000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000, with 64-digit precision arithmetic. (R.A. Fiorini, G. Laguteta 2014) Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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4. Examples (09) Seventh Example: Image Lossless Compression Test (4,096 by 4,096 pixel, 16,777,216 true color image) H1(X) = 0.999292, in single precision arithmetic, H2(X) = 0.999292377044885, in double precision arithmetic H3(X) = 0.999292377044885311869239847837125432063791648444 1241727700678337, with 64-digit precision arithmetic.

H1(X) = 1.000000, in single precision arithmetic, H2(X) = 0.99999999993863, in double precision arithmetic H3(X) = 0.999999999938629983275782147066555134809060385539 4427152819771884, with 64-digit precision arithmetic. (R.A. Fiorini, 2014) Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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4. Examples (10) Computational Information Contemporary Double-Bind Our computational information contemporary classic systemic tools (developed under the positivist reductionist paradigm) are totally unable to capture and to tell the difference between an informationrich message (optimally encoded message) and a random jumble of signs that we call "noise" (they are quite fragile).

It is a distressing dilemma in computational communication… (and in the overall contemporary scientific community too; just at the origin of human being knowledge extraction and building process from our environment, where we are immersed within.)

How does it come we scientists (statisticians) are still in business without having worked out a definitive solution to the problem of the logical relationship between experience and knowledge? (Piercesare Secchi, 2013) Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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4. Examples (11) Computational Information Contemporary Double-Bind We need to extend our systemic tools to solve this Information Double-Bind (IDB) dilemma.

HOW We must discover a creative solution in our contemporary systemic paradigm OR undergo to yet a new paradigm change! Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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5. EPM Overall View (00)

Paradigma Sistemico di Riferimento 5. EPM Overall View (17) • The Pertinent Numbers for Human Brain • EPM Logical Structure


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5. EPM Overall View (01) Consciousness: Main Centers of the Human Brain

( James Gorman's brain visualization, Washington University in St. Louis, 2014.)


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5. EPM Overall View (02) The Pertinent Numbers for Human Brain Estimated Adult Total Neuron Number: 86 ±81 billions. 16 billion (or 19% of all brain neurons) are located in the cerebral cortex (including subcortical white matter), 69 billion (or 80% of all brain neurons) are in the cerebellum. The human cerebral cortex is 2 to 4 millimetres (0.079 to 0.157 in) thick. Estimates of the number of neurons in cortex or in neocortex are on the order of 2x1010. Cell Density: CD ≈ 107/cm2 Synapses Density: SD ≈ 1011/cm2 Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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5. EPM Overall View (03) The Pertinent Numbers for Human Cortex From Vernon Mountcastle: “The basic unit of cortical operation is the minicolumn …” Ref. VB Mountcastle (2003). Introduction [issue of Cerebral Cortex on columns]. Cerebral Cortex, 13, 2-4.

Ref. Buxhoeveden DP, Casanova MF (2002). "The minicolumn hypothesis in neuroscience“. Brain, 125(5):935-951. Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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5. EPM Overall View (04) The Pertinent Numbers for Human Cortex Size of computational unit (Cu): Sz = (1/20 x 1/20 x 2.4) x 10exp(-9) m3 = 6 x 10exp(-12) [m3] Ref. Buxhoeveden DP, Casanova MF (2002). "The minicolumn hypothesis in neuroscience“. Brain, 125(5):935951. There are about 2×108 minicolumns in humans. The diameter of a minicolumn is about 28–40 µm. Estimates of number of neurons in a minicolumn range from 80-100 neurons in the average.

Strength of Magnetic Field: H = ½ picotesla = ½ 10exp(-12) Tesla [kg⋅s-2⋅A-1]. Earth's magnetic field at 0° latitude, 0° longitude: He ≈ 3.2 × 10exp(-5) [T]. Quantum State ≡ Simple Harmonic Oscillator (SHO) frequency : 20 [Hz]. SHO Omega = SHOf x 2pi = 20 x 2pi ≈ 126 [radians per second]. SHO Radius R in Modified Phase Space for Y = (sq.root (hbar/m omega) times coordinate X (where X in meters and m = 1 kg, hbar = 10exp(-34) in mks units).

Energy Eq ≈ (1/2 H2/muo x Sz = omega x hbar x R2, where muo = 4pi x10exp(-7) [H·m−1 ] ≈ 1.2566370614…×10−6 [H·m−1or N·A−2]. Eq ≈ 10 x 10exp(-31) [J or Kg (m/s)2]. This indicate that the process is at the quantum scale, and that a small change ΔR in R can give a significant change in the related energy f(R2). Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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5. EPM Overall View (05) Consciousness: Main Centers of the Human Brain

(Triune Brain Model proposed by Paul D. McLean, MD, in the 1960s .)


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5. EPM Overall View (06)

EPM Awareness and Creativity According to Elementary Pragmatic Model (EPM), two coupled fundamental processes are at the core of human mind: Process # 1 : Wiring and re-wiring of a Focused Optimal Path (FOP) to creatively reach a planned goal. Process # 2 : Process # 1 continuous rational assessment and endorsement (checking + FOP updating if needed). (Piero De Giacomo, 1982) Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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5. EPM Overall View (07) EPM Logically Articulated Awareness Support Level 1 - Basic Shannon’s Triad

(Piero De Giacomo et al., 1982) Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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5. EPM Overall View (08) EPM Logically Articulated Awareness Support Level 2 - Basic Four Interaction Co-ordinates


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5. EPM Overall View (09) EPM Logically Articulated Awareness Support Level 3 - Sixteen Relational Style Functions


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5. EPM Overall View (10) Level 4 – Table of Structured Interactions


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5. EPM Overall View (11) Systemic Neuro-Axiological Approach by EPM Logically Articulated Learning Support


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5. EPM Overall View (12) EPM Logical Structure (Boolean Algebra B3) Classic EPM associated Boolean Algebra B3 ≡ φ({1, 2, 3}) can be represented (LTR) by cube C3 with its bitstring decoration in R3 .


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5. EPM Overall View (13) C3 can be thought as an extension of basic Aristotele’s "Square of Oppositions"

Aritotele’s Syllogism: LOGIC

(Black areas are empty, red areas are nonempty) Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

Johannesmagistris-Square (15th century) 63

5. EPM Overall View (14) Boolean Algebra B3 ≡ φ({1, 2, 3}) on the left side and Boolean algebra of formulas from the Modal Logic S5 with modality (□ necessarily, ◊ possibly), in the center. On the right side, corresponding Jacobi-Sesmat-Blanché Hexagon as a 3D to 2D mapping.(Demey et alii, 2014) (S5 Logic by Clarence Irving Lewis and Cooper Harold Langford in their 1932 book Symbolic Logic.)


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5. EPM Overall View (15) EPM Logically Articulated Awareness Support Dynamic Client Profiling (DCP) ELEMENTARY PRAGMATIC MODEL (EPM) Table of Interactions. Interactions are transformed into sentences by a mental process based on EPM logic and Operator’s experience and creativity. Many sentences emerge out of this process, but those ones significant to human mind only are selected by Operator. Then they are presented to Subject under profiling. The Subject selects those sentences that exert the strongest impact to him/her. They can represent a sort of mariner’s compass in Subject’s life (Compass-like Statement). (Piero De Giacomo et al., 1982) Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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5. EPM Overall View (16) EPM Logically Articulated Awareness Support Level 5 - Final Synthesis Three Long-Term Final Attractors F15 (RED): Total Acceptor F3 (GREEN): Egoview Maintainer

F0 (BLUE): Tabula Rasa


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5. EPM Overall View (17) EPM Logically Articulated Awareness Support Dynamic Client Profiling (DCP)

TA

TA

TR

EM

TR

TA

EM

TR

EM

(Piero De Giacomo et al., Riv Psichiatr 2013; 48(1): 67-72) Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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6. Conclusion (00)

6. Conclusion (03) • Mente e Creatività Book • Creativity Mind Ebook


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6. Conclusion (01)


6. Conclusion (02)


6. Conclusion (03) Neuralizer Work In Progress


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Thank You for Your A t t e n t i o n Nome relatore Rodolfo A. Fiorini, http://www.linkedin.com/pub/rodolfo-a-fiorini-ph-d/45/277/498

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Wellbeing

Wellbeing

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