J.M. Nicol, N. Bolat, A. Bagci, R.T. Trethowan, M. William, H. Hekimhan, .... A.G. Condon, M.P. Reynolds, G.J. Rebetzke, M. van Ginkel, R.A. Richards, and G.D. ...
WHEAT PRODUCTION IN STRESSED ENVIRONMENTS
Developments in Plant Breeding VOLUME 12
The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume.
Wheat Production in Stressed Environments Proceedings of the 7th International Wheat Conference, 27 November–2 December 2005, Mar del Plata, Argentina Edited by
H. T. BUCK Buck Semillas S.A., La Dulce, Argentina
J. E. NISI National Institute for Agricultural Technology and Animal Husbandry, Marcos Juarez, Argentina and
N. SALOMÓN National Southern University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-1-4020-5496-9 (HB) ISBN 978-1-4020-5497-6 (e-book) Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. www.springer.com
Printed on acid-free paper
Cover picture: Bread wheat field in the Argentine pampas
All Rights Reserved © 2007 Springer No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface
xv
International and Local Committees
xvii
Benefactors of the Conference
xix
Conference Sponsors
xxi Opening Session
The Global Need for a Sustainable Agricultural Model: Its adoption and some of the benefits derived from the process with special reference to the Argentinean case R.A. Peiretti The Economics of Wheat: Research challenges from field to fork J. Dixon
1
9
Breeding for Resistance to Biotic Stress The Fusarium Head Blight Pathosystem: Status and knowledge of its components P. Nicholson, N. Gosman, R. Draeger, M. Thomsett, E. Chandler and A. Steed The Status of Resistance to Bacterial Diseases of Wheat H. Maraite, C. Bragard and E. Duveiller Spread of a Highly Virulent Race of Puccinia graminis tritici in Eastern Africa: Challenges and opportunities R.P. Singh, M.G. Kinyua, R. Wanyera, P. Njau, Y. Jin and J. Huerta-Espino v
23
37
51
vi
Table of Contents
Inheritance of Adult Plant Resistance Genes and Associated Markers from a Durable Resistant Cultivar to Leaf Rust L. Ingala, H. Saione, M. Helguera, M. Nisi and F. Sacco
59
Characterization of Genes for Durable Resistance to Leaf Rust and Yellow Rust in CIMMYT Spring Wheats H.M. William, R.P. Singh, J. Huerta-Espino and G. Rosewarne
65
Epidemiology of Puccinia triticina in Gangetic Plain and planned containment of crop losses S. Nagarajan and M.S. Saharan
71
Stripe Rust Resistance in Chinese Bread Wheat Cultivars and Lines X.C. Xia, Z.F. Li, G.Q. Li, Z.H. He and R.P. Singh
77
Introgression of Leaf Rust and Stripe Rust Resistance Genes from Aegilops umbellulata to Hexaploid Wheat Through Induced Homoeologous Pairing P. Chhuneja, S. Kaur, R.K. Goel, M. Aghaee-Sarbarzeh and H.S. Dhaliwal
83
Enhancement of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Bread Wheat and Durum by Means of Wide Crosses G. Fedak, W. Cao, A. Xue, M. Savard, J. Clarke and D.J. Somers
91
Leaf Rust Resistance Gene Lr34 is Involved in Powdery Mildew Resistance of CIMMYT Bread Wheat Line Saar M. Lillemo, R.P. Singh, J. Huerta-Espino, X.M. Chen, Z.H. He and J.K.M. Brown
97
Strategies of the European Initiative for Resistance Breeding Against Fusarium Head Blight P. Ruckenbauer, H. Buerstmayr and M. Lemmens
103
Genetic Analysis of Septoria tritici Blotch to Improve Resistance in European Wheat Breeding Programmes L.S. Arraiano and J.K.M. Brown
109
Inheritance and Allelic Relationship of Resistance Genes to Spot Blotch of Wheat Caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana S. Kumar, L.C. Prasad, U. Kumar, K. Tyagi, B. Arun and A.K. Joshi
113
Resistance to Magnaporthe grisea among Brazilian Wheat Genotypes A.M. Prestes, P.F. Arendt, J.M.C. Fernandes and P.L. Scheeren
119
Table of Contents
vii
The International Breeding Strategy for the Incorporation of Resistance in Bread Wheat Against the Soil Borne Pathogens (Dryland Root Rot and Cyst and Lesion Cereal Nematodes) using Conventional and Molecular Tools J.M. Nicol, N. Bolat, A. Bagci, R.T. Trethowan, M. William, H. Hekimhan, A.F. Yildirim, E. Sahin, H. Elekcioglu, H. Toktay, B. Tunali, A. Hede, S. Taner, H.J. Braun, M. van Ginkel, M. Keser, Z. Arisoy, A. Yorgancilar, A. Tulek, D. Erdurmus, O. Buyuk and M. Aydogdu Genetic Resistance to Greenbug is Expressed with Higher Contents of Proteins and Non-Structural Carbohydrates in Wheat Substitution Lines A.M. Castro, A.A. Clúa, D.O. Gimenez, E. Tocho, M.S. Tacaliti, M. Collado, A. Worland, R. Bottini and J.W. Snape Utilization and Performance in Wheat of Yellow Dwarf Virus Resistance Transferred From Thinopyrum intermedium H. Ohm and J. Anderson A Systemic Approach to Germplasm Development Shows Promise A. Comeau, V.R. Caetano, F. Langevin and S. Haber Breeding Hard Red Spring Wheat for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance: Successes and Challenges M. Mergoum, R.C. Frohberg and R.W. Stack
125
139
149
153
161
Crop and Natural Resource Management Advances in Nitrogen Handling Strategies to Increase the Productivity of Wheat K.W. Freeman and W.R. Raun
169
Tillage intensity, Crop rotation, and Fertilizer Technology for Sustainable Wheat Production North American Experience T.L. Roberts and A.M. Johnston
175
Comparative Effectiveness of Urea and Calcium Ammonium Nitrate for Wheat Fertilization in South-Western Buenos Aires (Argentina) M.M. Ron and T. Loewy
189
Dynamics of Root Development of Spring Wheat Genotypes Varying in Nitrogen Use Efficiency J.M. Herrera, P. Stamp and M. Liedgens
197
viii
Table of Contents
Site-specific Quality Management in Wheat Results from the 2003 Field Trials in Argentina R. Bongiovanni, A. Méndez, W. Robledo, M. Bragachini, F. Proietti, F. Scaramuzza and F. Speranza Corn and Soybean Residue Covers Effects on Wheat Productivity Under No-tillage Practices M. Barraco, M. Díaz-Zorita and G. Duarte
203
209
Genetic Assessment of the Role of Breeding Wheat for Organic Systems K. Murphy and S.S. Jones
217
A Novel Variety Management Strategy for Precision Farming A.A. Romanenko, L.A. Bespalova, I.N. Kudryashov and I.B. Ablova
223
Yield Performances of Cereal Varieties in Various Crop Rotations under Mediterranean Dryland Areas M. Avci , T. Akar, K. Meyveci, M. Karacam and D. Surek
233
Herbicide Tolerance in Imidazolinone-resistant Wheat for Weed Management in the Pacific Northwest U.S.A. D.A. Ball and C.J. Peterson
243
Investment Rate of Return in Wheat Research in Iran H. Asadi Web-Based System to True-Forecast Disease Epidemics: I. Fusarium head blight of wheat J.M.C. Fernandes, E.M. Del Ponte, W. Pavan and G.R. Cunha Impact of Crop Management Systems on Diseases of Spring Wheat on the Canadian Prairies M.R. Fernandez, D. Ulrich, L. Sproule, S.A. Brandt, A.G. Thomas, O. Olfert, R.P. Zentner and B.G. McConkey
251
259
265
Effect of Potash Deficiency on Host Susceptibility to Cochliobolus sativus causing Spot Blotch on Wheat D. Mercado Vergnes, M.E. Renard, E. Duveiller and H. Maraite
273
Implications for Fusarium Head Blight Control from Study of Factors Determining Pathogen and DON Content in Grain of Wheat Cultivars V. Sip, J. Chrpova, L. Leisova, S. Sykorova, L. Kucera and J. Ovesna
281
Table of Contents
ix Breeding for Resistance to Abiotic Stress
Drought Resistance: Genetic Approaches for Improving Productivity Under Stress R.M. Trethowan and M. Reynolds
289
Progress in Breeding Wheat with Tolerance to Low Temperature in Different Phenological Developmental Stages D.B. Fowler and A.E. Limin
301
Identification of Wheat Genotypes Adapted to Mediterranean Rainfed Condition with Responsiveness to Supplementary Irrigation M. Mosaad, M. Singh, M. Roustaii, H. Ketata and S. Rajaram
315
Genetic Achievements under Rainfed Conditions R. Maich, D. Ortega, A. Masgrau and G. Manera
321
Quantifying Potential Genetic Gains in Wheat Yield Using a Conceptual Model of Drought Adaptation M.P. Reynolds and A.G. Condon
331
Changes in the Abiotic Stress Tolerance of Wheat as a Result of an Increased Atmospheric CO2 Concentration O. Veisz, S. Bencze and G. Vida
341
Genetic Control of Water-Soluble Carbohydrate Reserves in Bread Wheat G.J. Rebetzke, A.F. van Herwaarden, C. Jenkins, S. Ruuska, L. Tabe, N. Fettell, D. Lewis, M. Weiss and R.A. Richards Variation for Staygreen Trait and its Association with Canopy Temperature Depression and Yield Traits under Terminal Heat Stress in Wheat M. Kumari, V.P. Singh, R. Tripathi and A.K. Joshi Influence of Heat Stress on Wheat Grain Characteristics and Protein Molecular Weight Distribution M. Castro, C.J. Peterson, M. Dalla Rizza, P. Díaz Dellavalle, D. Vázquez, V. Ibáñez and A. Ross Expression Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping Heat Tolerance During Reproductive Development in Wheat (Triticum aestivum) D. Hays, E. Mason, J. Hwa Do, M. Menz and M. Reynolds
349
357
365
373
x
Table of Contents
Molecular Breeding for Salt Tolerance, Pre-Harvest Sprouting Resistance and Disease Resistance Using Synthetic Hexaploid Wheats, Genetic Transformation, and Associated Molecular Markers M. Van Ginkel, F. Ogbonnaya, M. Imtiaz, C. Ramage, M.G. Borgognone, F. Dreccer, J. Eder, M. Emmerling, P. Hearnden, E. Lagudah, A. Pellegrineschi, R. Trethowan, J. Wilson and G. Spangenberg
383
Wheat Breeding for Soil Acidity and Aluminum Toxicity E. von Baer
387
Genetic Variation for Subsoil Toxicities in High pH Soils A.L. Millar, A.J. Rathjen and D.S. Cooper
395
Determining the Salt Tolerance of Triticale Disomic Addition (Thinopyrum additions) Lines W.C. Botes and G.F. Marais
403
Breeding for Improved Industrial and Nutritional Quality Current and Future Trends of Wheat Quality Needs R.J. Peña Mitigating the Damaging Effects of Growth and Storage Conditions on Grain Quality C.W. Wrigley Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of Puroindoline A and B Alleles in Chinese Improved Cultivars and Landraces Z.H. He, F. Chen, X.C. Xia, L.Q. Xia, X.Y. Zhang, M. Lillemo and C.F. Morris Introduction of D-Genome Related Gluten Proteins into Durum Wheat D. Lafiandra, C. Ceoloni, R. Carozza, B. Margiotta, M. Urbano, G. Colaprico and M.G. D’Egidio Natural Variation and Identification of Microelements Content in Seeds of Einkorn Wheat (Triticum monococcum) H. Ozkan, A. Brandolini, A. Torun, S. Altintas, S. Eker, B. Kilian, H.J. Braun, F. Salamini and I. Cakmak Molecular Weight Distribution of Gluten Proteins O.R. Larroque, P. Sharp and F. Bekes
411
425
441
449
455
463
Table of Contents
xi
Glutenin and Gliadin Allelic Variation and their Relationship to Bread-Making Quality in Wheat Cultivars Grown in Germany F.J. Zeller, G. Wenzel and L.K. Sai Hsam
471
Breeding for Breadmaking Quality using Overexpressed HMW Glutenin Subunits in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Z. Bedo˝ , M. Rakszegi, L. Lang, E. Keresztényi, I. Baracskai and F. Békés
479
Nutritional and Baking Quality of low Phytic Acid Wheat M.J. Guttieri, K.M. Peterson and E.J. Souza
487
Long-Term Breeding for Bread Making Quality in Wheat S. Dencic, B. Kobiljski, N. Mladenov, N. Hristov and M. Pavlovic
495
The Genetics of Soft Wheat Quality: Improving Breeding Efficiency E. Souza and M. Guttieri
503
Wheat Microevolution under Intensive Breeding Process in the Northern Caucasian Region L.A. Bespalova, Y.M. Puchkov and F.A. Kolesnikov
509
Genotypic Variability of Commercial Varieties of Bread Wheat for Parameters of Commercial and Industrial Quality J.G. Montaner and M. Di Napoli
519
NIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Quality Screening D. Vázquez, P.C. Williams and B. Watts Change in Grain Protein Composition of Winter Wheat Cultivars under Different Levels of N and Water Stress C. Saint Pierre, C.J. Peterson, A.S. Ross, J. Ohm, M.C. Verhoeven, M. Larson and B. Hoefer The Influence of Dough Mixing Time on Wheat Protein Composition and Gluten Quality for Four Commercial Flour Mixtures R. Kuktaite, H. Larsson and E. Johansson Nitrogen-Sulphur Fertiliser Induced Changes in Storage Protein Composition in Durum Wheat S.E Lerner, M. Cogliatti, N.R. Ponzio, M.L. Seghezzo, E.R. Molfese and W.J. Rogers
527
535
543
549
xii
Table of Contents Physiology of Wheat Production
Physiology of Determination of Major Wheat Yield Components G.A. Slafer Influence of Foliar Diseases and their Control by Fungicides on Grain Yield and Quality in Wheat M.J. Gooding Genetic Improvement of Wheat Yield Potential in North China Y. Zhou, Z.H. He, X.M. Chen, D.S. Wang, J. Yan, X.C. Xia and Y. Zhang
557
567
583
Physiological Processes Associated with Winter Wheat Yield Potential Progress M.J. Foulkes, J.W. Snape, V.J. Shearman and R. Sylvester-Bradley
591
Variability on Photoperiod Responses in Argentinean Wheat Cultivars Differing in Length of Crop Cycle D.J Miralles, M.V Spinedi, L.G. Abeledo and D. Abelleyra
599
Acclimation of Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance to Elevated CO2 in Canopy Leaves of Wheat at Two Nitrogen Supplies A. del Pozo, P. Pérez, R. Morcuende, D. Gutiérrez, A. Alonso and R. Martínez Carrasco Using Stomatal Aperture-Related Traits to Select for High Yield Potential in Bread Wheat A.G. Condon, M.P. Reynolds, G.J. Rebetzke, M. van Ginkel, R.A. Richards, and G.D. Farquhar
611
617
Strategic Research to Enhance the Yield Potential Through Redesigning of Wheat Plant Architecture S.S. Singh, J.B. Sharma, D.N. Sharma and Nanak Chand
625
Effects of Abiotic Stress on Sink and Source Affecting Grain Yield and Quality of Durum Wheat: A model evaluation T.C. Ponsioen, X. Yin, J.H.J. Spiertz and C. Royo
633
Effects of Some Management Practices and Weather Conditions on Triticum aestivum Farinographic Stability in Miramar, Argentina F. Gutheim
641
Grain Weight and Grain Quality of Wheat in Response to Enhanced Ultra-Violet (UV-B) Radiation at Latter Stages of Crop Development D.F. Calderini, S. Hess, C.R. Jobet and J.A. Zúñiga
649
Table of Contents
xiii
Effect of Water Stress and Potassium Chloride on Biological and Grain Yield of Different Wheat Cultivars M. Moussavi-Nik, H.R. Mobasser and A. Mheraban
655
Biotechnology and Cytogenetics Regulation of Flowering Time in Wheat J. Dubcovsky, A. Loukoianov and M.D. Bonafede
659
Molecular Breeding for Multiple Pest Resistance in Wheat D.J Somers, C. McCartney, R. DePauw, J. Thomas, S. Fox, G. Fedak, G. Humphreys, J. Gilbert, B. McCallum and T. Banks
667
Reflections and Opportunities: Gene discovery in the complex wheat genome J.W. Snape and G. Moore
677
In Vitro Starch Binding Experiments: Study of the Proteins Related to Grain Hardness of Wheat A. Bakó, M. Gárdonyi and L. Tamás
685
High Throughput Agrobacterium Transformation of Wheat: A tool for Functional Genomics H.D. Jones, M. Wilkinson, A. Doherty and H. Wu
693
Accelerating the Transfer of Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) J. Thomas, C. Hiebert, D. Somers, R. DePauw, S. Fox and C. McCartney
701
Production and Molecular Cytogenetic Identification of New Winter Wheat/Winter Barley Disomic Addition Lines M. Molnár-Láng, É. Szakács, G. Linc and E.D. Nagy
707
Genetic Engineering of Russian Wheat Genotypes for Abiotic Stress Resistance D. Miroshnichenko, M. Filippov, A. Babakov and S. Dolgov
715
Molecular Mapping of Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat and its Implication in Breeding H.S. Bariana, H. Miah, G.N. Brown, N. Willey and A. Lehmensiek
723
Potential Uses of Microsatellites in Marker-Assisted Selection for Improved Grain Yield in Wheat B. Kobiljski, S. Dencˇ ic´ , N. Hristov, N. Mladenov, S. Quarrie, P. Stephenson and J. Kirby
729
xiv
Table of Contents
Marker Implementation in the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia Wheat Breeding Program R. McLean, I. Barclay, R. Wilson, R. Appels, M. Cakir, G. Devlin and D. Li
737
Efficient Integration of Molecular and Conventional Breeding Methodologies D. Bonnett, J. Hyles and G. Rebetzke
747
Conservation and Management of Genetic Resources Genetic Diversity in Turkish Durum Wheat Landraces T. Akar and M. Ozgen
753
Historical Cross-Site Association Based on Cultivar Performance in the Southern Cone M.M. Kohli, J. Crossa and J. Franco
761
Microsatellites as a Tool to Evaluate and Characterise Bread Wheat Core Collection L. Leišová, L. Kucˇ era and L. Dotlacˇ il
771
Molecular Mapping of Leaf and Stripe Rust Resistance Genes In T. monococcum and Their Transfer to Hexaploid Wheat K. Singh, P. Chhuneja, M. Ghai, S. Kaur, R.K. Goel, N.S. Bains, B. Keller and H.S. Dhaliwal Borlaug, Strampelli and the Worldwide Distribution of RHT8 M.H. Ellis, D.G. Bonnett and G.J. Rebetzke
779
787
Closing Remarks Wheat Breeding in Global Context S. Rajaram
793
PREFACE
Wheat researchers have made unique contributions and excellent progress to the production increase over the past several decades, mainly in the less developed countries; however, there are many challenges that still lie ahead to make food more accessible than ever before in a sustainable manner and to meet the needs of a global growing population. Numerous biotic and abiotic stresses affect wheat in major production areas and its future growth will most likely come from marginal environments where such stresses play even more important role. Developing countries are becoming increasingly urbanized. As urban populations grow, productive land disappears and this implies the need for more intensive cropping to keep pace. Water utilization for agriculture is also facing more competition from uses in urban areas. Focused efforts to improve wheat water-use efficiency are crucial to ensure sustainability of food production in water-constrained regions. Current crop management systems such as reduced or zero tillage, stubble retention and precision agriculture are vital to satisfy the increasing needs of food and maintain at the same time the sustainability of natural resources. The widespread adoption of conservation farming techniques requires the introduction of changes to wheat varieties in disease resistance, particularly stubble-born diseases. Global climate change will impact on agriculture due to temperature, precipitation and length of growing season alterations, and might also modify the impact of pests, diseases and weeds, increasing the risk of crop failure in certain wheat producing areas. Stresses represent a challenge for wheat researchers and impact the world food production; stabilization of production in all environments remains an important aim in the future. We believe that the future challenge to wheat production will find solutions much faster today than in the past: today the wheat community is more united to understand and handle problems in a collaborative way. The program of the Seventh International Wheat Conference (7 IWC) held at Mar del Plata, Argentina, between November 27 and December 2, 2005, included, besides two opening lectures, oral and poster presentations grouped in seven sessions according to main topics. Each session was opened by two keynote talks delivered by invited speakers. A guided half day tour to Balcarce Experimental Station of the National Institute of Technology for Agriculture and Animal Husbandry located 60 Km W from Mar del Plata showed participants the Station wheat breeding program as well as wheat fields on different crop rotations and under several agricultural xv
xvi
Preface
systems. The 7 IWC Conference was preceded by a workshop on International Wheat Improvement at the CGIAR Centers and Global Initiatives on Rust sponsored by the US AID, the USDA-ARS and the National Wheat Improvement Committee. In addition, the Conference was an excellent opportunity for an open workshop organized by the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium. Feeding the world does not only mean addressing the need for total energy requirements but also the need of micronutrients. Wheat biofortification may be one way to reach this goal. In the post-Conference mini-symposium HarvestPlus: Breeding for Public Health, current researches and achievements of CGIAR HarvestPlus Challenge Program on this topic were presented. The Conference was distinguished by the presence of Dr. Norman Borlaug, 1970 Nobel Peace Prize Laureate, who was in charge of the Dinner Conference, and Dr. Evangelina Villegas, 2000 World Food Prize Laureate. These Proceedings compile the 7 IWC oral presentations and hopefully will be useful to wheat researchers, breeders, agronomists and students. We are indebted to Dr. S. Rajaram, Integrated Gene Management Director at ICARDA, and Chair of the International Scientific Committee of the Conference, for his guide in the outline of the scientific program and his overall support. We extend our appreciation to each of the International and Local Organizing Committees members and to the Session Chairs. Special thanks are due to the scientists who collaborated with valuable suggestions to improve this publication: P. Abbate, Z. Bedö, D. Calderini, F. García, S. Germán, M. M. Kohli, D. Lafiandra, S. Nagarajan, J. Rogers, P. Ruckenbauer, N. Saulescu, M.L. Seghezzo, E. Souza and R. Trethowan. We thank M. Pérez for the technical edition of the manuscripts and would like to express our special gratitude to Nelly Salomón for her permanent dedication, and our tribute, on behalf of the Local Organizing Committee, to Enrique Suárez, who joined us in this endeavour up to May 2005. H. Buck and J. Nisi Co-chairs of the Local Organizing Committee
INTERNATIONAL AND LOCAL COMMITTEES
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Chairman S. Rajaram Members R. Appels S. Baenziger Z. Bedö L. Besopalova A. Bonjean H-J. Braun G. R. Cunha
R. DePauw W. Erskine M. R. Jalal Kamali Z. Kertesz M. Keser A. Kurishbayev C. Le Roux
N. Litvinenko S. Nagarajan J. Nisi P. Ruckenbauer N. Saulescu R. Sears J. Snape
Local Organizing Committee Co-Chairs H. Buck J. Nisi Members J. Annone M. Cuniberti M. Formica M. García L. González
M. Helguera O. Klein M. Kohli N. Machado R. Miranda
xvii
O. Rubiolo N. Salomón E. Satorre E. Suárez† G. Tranquilli
BENEFACTORS OF THE CONFERENCE
The Secretariat of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, Fisheries and Food (SAGPyA) National Institute of Technology for Agriculture and Animal Husbandry (INTA) CONFERENCE SPONSORS Financial support from the following organizations is gratefully acknowledged DIAMOD SPONSORS International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA) GOLD SPONSORS BASF Argentina Buck Semillas S.A. Nidera S.A. SILVER SPONSORS Criadero Klein S.A. Dow AgroSciences Argentina S.A. MegaSeed Relmo S.A. BRONZE SPONSORS Asociación Cooperativas Argentinas, Coop. Ltda. Bayer CropScience Bioceres S.A. Buenos Aires Grain Exchange Buenos Aires Grain Exchange Arbitration Chamber xix
xx Federation of Country Elevators Associations Intertek – Caleb Brett Profertil S.A. Syngenta Agro S.A. Wintersteiger - Seedmech Latinamerica SPONSORS Universidad Empresarial Siglo 21 Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias – Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
