Human Radio Doppler Applications. Arterial Pressure Pulse Sensing. J. Lee and
J. Lin, 1985. B.E.A.. ✍ Medical Diagnostics. – Respiratory, cardiac, and arterial ...
Wireless Biomedical Sensors
Olga Boric-Lubecke and Victor M. Lubecke - Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, NJ Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies
Boric-Lubecke
1
Outline
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Remote Monitoring using Doppler Radar
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Modified Wireless Terminals
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Doppler Radar IC’s
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Summary and Future Directions
Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies
Boric-Lubecke
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Remote Health Monitoring ?
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PC and Internet Linked Blood Glucose Monitors
An estimated 100 million Americans suffer from chronic medical conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, and lung disorders
(Roche - Camit)
Implantable Cardiac Loop Recorders (Medtronic - Reveal)
Chronic illnesses account for about 75% of total US healthcare costs ($650B/yr)
Internet Linked Healthcare Q&A (Health Hero Network - Health Buddy)
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There is a growing market for appliances which allow patients to remotely monitor health parameters and transfer data to a physician
Phone/Pager Linked Vital Signs Monitoring Station (HomMed - Sentry/Observer) Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies
Boric-Lubecke
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Telephone or
Internet Network
Wireless Telecommunications Device Remote Site: e.g. Doctor’s office, monitoring station...
Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies
Boric-Lubecke
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Human Radio Doppler Applications
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Medical Diagnostics –
Respiratory, cardiac, and arterial wall movements, proposed in 1970’s ; University of Illinois, Chicago
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Arterial Pressure Pulse Sensing J. Lee and J. Lin, 1985
Post-Earthquake Rescue Operations –
Proposed life-detection systems, operating at distances up to 30m, or through thick (>1m) barrier walls ; Michigan State University
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USAID
Motion Detection –
Automatic door openers, security sensors ; e.g.. Microwave Solutions, Ltd. B.E.A.
Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies
Boric-Lubecke
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Motion Sensor Principle
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Constant velocity : shift in f • frequency proportional to velocity f v(t)
f + fd
Doppler Detection with Baseband Radio Antenna Coupler
Coupler
CW Source
fd = 2f v(t)/c
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~
Periodic motion : FM, AM, & PM • phase proportional to displacement x(t)
LO RF
cos(? t? ) Mixer
sin(? ? t+?(t))
sin(?(t))
Filter, Amplifier
??t?
?(t) ~ x(t)
?(t) = (4??? ??x(t) Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies
Boric-Lubecke
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Power Budget Propagation
Absorption ?r ~ 45
skin
R Rff = 2D2/? ) : radar equation not valid 50% of incident power reflected at body surface Less than 1% of power from internal reflections
Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies
Boric-Lubecke
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Communications Radios
Wireless Phones, PDA’s, 2-Way Pagers • • • •
Cordless Telephones • • • •
Wireless LAN
800/900 MHz, 1.8/1.9 GHz
