Wood Technology in Mexico Past, present and future Foro Internacional Forestal Durango 2018 Dr. Sadoth Sandoval Torres Instituto Politécnico Nacional
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Natural wood is a low-cost and abundant material and has been used for millennia as a structural material for building and furniture construction. § Past: Development of civilization § Present: Education, Programs, Research impact § Future: Innovation
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Wood Technology §
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Technology, is the usage of knowledge and the techniques in pursuit of business and life in general. Wood technology follows as the application of knowledge in the conversion and processing of wood for use. Wood technologist uses knowledge predominately in industrial orientations. The wood scientist, on the other hand, is the product of advanced training who discovers knowledge through research.
Ellis. E.L. 1964. Education in wood science and technology. Society of Wood Science and Technology, Madison, WI. 187 pp. Perlin, 1991. A forest journey. The Role of Wood in the Development of Civilization. Harvard University Press.
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Past
Present
Future
Wood in ancient sacred book Genesis 6:14 So make a wooden ark. Make the ark with nesting places and cover it inside and out with tar. Génesis 6:14 Construye una gran barca de madera de ciprés y recúbrela con brea por dentro y por fuera para que no le entre agua. Wood’s crucial place in the evolution of civilization!
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Past § §
Present
Future
The inhabitants of Mesoamerica waterproofed their canoes. The arrival of the spanish in Mexico (Century XVI). Caulking the wooden boats.
Remains of an Aztec canoe, National Museum of Anthropology, Mexico City Lourdes Celis Salgado. 1988. La industria petrolera en México. Una crónica. Tomo I. De los inicios a la expropiación. Petróleos Mexicanos.
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Present
Past
Future
Pipelines in wood § Edwin
L. Drake, 1859. (Seneca Oil Company USA). Pipelines in wood to pipelines in iron.
Lourdes Celis Salgado. 1988. La industria petrolera en México. Una crónica. Tomo I. De los inicios a la expropiación. Petróleos Mexicanos.
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Present
Past
Future
1898, First forestry school at Cornell; Closed in 1903. USA 1900, First forestry BS degree. USA 1900, Yale School of Forestry established. USA. Wood Science and Technology in USA Program
1963
1978
B.S.
19
25
M.S.
22
26
Ph.D.
13
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Wood Science and Technology in Mexico Program
1963
1978
Today
B.S.
0
0
1 Oaxaca (2009)
M.S.
0
0
1 Michoacán (1994)
Ph.D.
0
0
1 Michoacán (2016)
Barnes, H.M.1979. Education in wood science and technology: A status Report. Wood and Fiber, 10(4):243-258. 7
Past
Present
Future
PNPC CONACYT Forestry
Wood Technology
Source: Conacyt 2018. 8
Present
Past
Future
Scientific papers Journal Title
Founding year
Papers from Mexico
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products (formerly: Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff)
1938
2
Holzforschung
1947
7
Wood Research
1955
3
Wood Science and Technology
1967
7
Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology
1981
2
Source: Scopus, Clarivate 2018 9
Present
Past
Future
14000
120000
12000
100000
10000
80000
8000
60000
6000
40000
4000
20000
2000 0
Times cited
Web of Science documents
Scientific Impact
Mexico
Chile
France
Finland China Country
Web of science documents InCites, Web of Science, 17 April 2018 Research area: Materials Science, Paper and Wood.
Germany
Canada
USA
0
Times cited
10
Past
Present
Future
A review of wood thermal pretreatments to improve wood composite properties Wood variation in Laguncularia racemosa and its effect on fibre quality 3. Colour alteration and chemistry changes in oak wood (Quercus pedunculata Ehrh) during plain vacuum drying 4. Antioxidant Phenolic Compounds of Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts from Pink Cedar 5. Molecular docking insights into the inhibition of laccase activity by medicarpin 6. SEM and NIR characterization of four forest species charcoal 7. Separation of phenolic-compounds from sugarcane bagasse pith and their determination by hplc 8. Determination of elastic properties of clear wood by the homogenization method in two dimensions 9. Effects of density profile of MDF on stiffness and strength of nailed joints 10. Mechanical properties of wood of two Mexican oaks: relationship to selected physical properties 11. Wood chemical components of three species from a medium deciduous forest 12. Chemical composition of lignocellulosic biomass in the wood of Abies religiosa across an altitudinal gradient 13. Calorific value and inorganic material of ten mexican wood species 14. Chemical Analysis of Polyphenols with Antioxidant Capacity from Pinus durangensis Bark 1. 2.
Dataset: InCites Dataset Schema: Web of Science Research Area: [MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD] Location: [MEXICO] Journal Name: [WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS, WOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL OF WOOD CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY, JOURNAL OF WOOD SCIENCE] Date: 2018-04-21.
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Past
Present
Future
Topics in Mexico § § § §
Physical and chemical properties of wood. Mechanical properties (i.e. elastic properties) Colour and chemistry of wood during vacuum drying. Wood-water relations and moisture transport. § §
Academia-industry collaboration? PEI, National Problems, International collaboration?
Source: Web of Science, April 2018. 12
Present
Past
Future
Journals from Mexico Title
Type
Issn
SJR
SJR Quartile
Revista Chapingo, Serie Ciencias Forestales y del Ambiente
journal
20073828, 01863231
0.156
Q4
Madera Bosques
journal
14050471
0.152
Q4
Scimago Journal Ranking 2018 13
Past
Present
Future
The translucide wood Source: woodoo start up, France.
Après extraction de lignine, « par un procédé de chimie verte », un monomère vient imprégner le bois et polymérise.
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Past
Present
Future
Chemistry and transport
Raw wood comprises 60-90% of air The technology extracts selected compounds from the material’s structure to be replaced by an organic matter.
Source: woodoo start up, France.
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Present
Past
Future
Wood stronger than steel § §
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Modifying the porous structure of natural wood. Boil wood in a solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfite for seven hours. That treatment left the starchy cellulose mostly intact, but created more hollow space in the wood structure by removing some of the surrounding compounds. These included lignin, a polymer that binds the cellulose. Pressing the block at 100°C for a day. The result: A wooden plank one-fifth the thickness, but three times the density of natural wood and 11.5 times stronger. § chemical bath + hot-press = wood stronger than steel Song, J. et al. Nature 554, 224–228 (2018). Fratzl, P. Nature 554, 172–173 (2018)
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Present
Past
Future
Delignification and Densification
Hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid + compression and lateral shear
High performance material
Frey, M. et al. 2018. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
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Past
Present
Future
Cost actions E 44 Wood processing strategy E 49 Processes and performance of wood-based panels E 53 Quality control for wood and wood products FP 0602 Biotechnology for lignocellulose biorefineries FP 0702 Net-acoustics for timber based lightweight buildings and elements FP 0802 Experimental and computational micro-characterisation techniques in wood mechanics FP 0901 Analytical techniques for biorefineries FP 0904 Thermo-hydro-mechanical wood behaviour and processing 18
Past
Present
Future
Modelling and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Sadoth Sandoval et al, (2018). Drying model for softwood and moisture patterns measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Drying Technology. Accepted.
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Past
Present
Future
Purpose of wood technology For entrepreneurs and corporations it is important to develop and choose the proper technology to become successful and competitive on the market. For government bodies and political decision makers it is important to support proper technologies in order to make a national economy successful. For academicians?, Researchers?
Alfred Teischinger. 2010. The development of wood technology and technology developments in the wood industries—from history to future. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products. 68(3): 281–287. 20
Past
Present
Future
Conclusions As wooden technologies overcome constraints, wood begins to compete with steel and concrete, but… The most important companies and laboratories do not sell raw materials, nor only natural resources. They sell a transformed product, with high scientific content, which gives it more value in the market. Mexico needs to strengthen: § The curriculum in wood technology § Collaborate with Industry § International Network § Interact with government § Create a research pathway, identify important projects. – Innovation! Tomasz Mijewki and Dorota Wojtowicz-Jankowska. 2017. Timber - Material of the Future - Examples of Small Wooden Architectural Structures. 2017 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 245 082019.
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Dr. Sadoth Sandoval Torres Instituto Politécnico Nacional
[email protected]
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