Programme 9: Cells and Tissues ... 2000 Channel Four Television Corporation
page 1 of 6. 0. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8 ... Activity 2 worksheet: DNA and identification.
Science Bank: Biology Programme 9: Cells and Tissues Activity 1 worksheet: Exploring cell growth This is an activity which may need to be done at school. Use prepared slides of a root tip to look at cells and measure their size. Here’s what you do: 1. Set up slide on microscope stage microscope stage clip holds slide in place glass microscope slide sample of root tip cells in this area
2. Use an acetate film with a one centemetere scale accurately printed on it
3. Place the scale on top of the microscope slide, and secure it with the clips
scale printed on acetate
0
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cell of root tip
The centimetre is into ten millimetres. Each millimetre is accurately divided into tenths
How many cells fit along the part of the scale which is 0.1mm? Estimate the size of the cells by comparing them to the scale
• Start at the tip of the root where you can see the outlines of cells clearly. Measure at least 5 cells. • •
What is their average length? Move further back from the root tip and measure at least 5 cells. Repeat this procedure and fill in the results’ table below.
position of sample moving back from the tip
average size of cells (mm)
1 2 3 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
• What happens to the size of cells as they get further back from the tip? • What other changes can you see in cells between the tip and further back? • Suggest two processes that happen when new cells at the root tip form and grow.
Science Bank: Biology Programme 9: Cells and Tissues Activity 2 worksheet: DNA and identification All around the world, scientists, medical charities and industries are working to discover where genes are located on human DNA. This is called the Human Genome Project (HUGO). This information is useful because many diseases are inherited, and knowing which genes are responsible is a starting point for developing treatments. The graphic shows a section of human DNA which has been treated so that the components show up like a ‘barcode’ pattern. Each person (except an identical twin) has their own unique pattern, and so this technique can be used to identify a sample of DNA from someone.
Science Bank: Biology Programme 9: Cells and Tissues Activity 3 worksheet: What happens in mitosis? Here are some diagrams showing the process of mitosis. This is the type of cell division that happens in the human body when we are growing. Mitosis also happens throughout life to replace worn out cells, for example especially in the skin. In this activity you have to put the events of mitosis in the correct order. You may need to go back to the video programme to find out more about this.
Science Bank: Biology Programme 9: Cells and Tissues Activity 3 worksheet: What happens in mitosis? Here are some diagrams showing the process of mitosis. This is the type of cell division that happens in the human body when we are growing. Mitosis also happens throughout life to replace worn out cells, for example especially in the skin. The correct sequence of events in mitosis is shown below.
Science Bank: Biology Programme 9: Cells and Tissues Activity 4 worksheet: Human genetics This is a research activity. Find out as much as possible about some of these topics. You may get an opportunity to talk with other students about what you have learned. Here are some ideas:
• HUGO the Human Genome project, which is aiming to find out the sequence of genes and the characteristics that each genes code for.
• Genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis, haemophilia and sickle cell anaemia. • The genetic link with breast cancer. • Genetic counselling. Further activities
• Make up a factsheet on the components of a cell including nucleus and DNA - this can be used
for revision purposes.
• Ask your teacher for GCSE-type questions on genetic engineering and the use of cells for producing medicines and materials.
• Interpret cell squashes in terms of the chromosomes (mitosis and meiosis).
