Impressão 3D e a Biofabricação de órgãos com a ajuda da tecnologia da informação Janaina de Andréa Dernowsek – PhD
[email protected]
Semana Acadêmica das Engenharias - Anhanguera Division of 3D Technologies (DT3D) Center for Information Technology Renato Archer/CTI
Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação - MCTI
Centro de Tecnologia da Informação Renato Archer– CTI Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação -MCTI
Quem Somos? Missão Pesquisar, desenvolver, usar e difundir tecnologias tridimensionais (virtuais e físicas), com foco na inovação e aplicações multidisciplinares orientadas pela sociedade
Parceiros • • •
Indústria (ProIND) Hospitais (ProMED) Universidades (ProEXP)
3D
3D printing: Concepts
• 3D printing (or additive manufacturing constructs a solid, three-dimensional object by adding material in layers
Design
3D
AM Trends and Market
3D
Methodology
Additive Manufacturing myriad of processes laser Metallic or polymeric Powder (SLS/DMLS)
Metallic powder (LENS)
ink-jet head
electron beam
Ceramic Powder (3DP)
Metallic Powder (EBM)
Liquid Resin (SLA)
extrusion head Polymeric Filaments (FDM)
Sheet (LOM)
UV lamp/ink-jet head Liquid Resin (Objet)
3D printing
SLA - StereoLithography Apparatus
3D printing
FDM – Fused Deposition Modeling
3D
EBM (Electron Beam Manufacturing)
3D printing
Experimental Vehicles
3D printing
Paleontology
Montealto Suchus – 90 million years old
Cooperation with Monte Alto Museum and University of Campinas - UNICAMP
3D printing
Egyptology
3D printing
Forensic Reconstruction – Saint Anthony of Padova
http://www.ciceromoraes.com.br/ebook/
3D
Applications ABS/FDM
Reconstrução 3D
Simulação do Biomodelo
Material Final: PMMA
Modelagem de Superfície Complexa em BioCAD
Simulação final com biomaterial ( Polimetacrilato de Metila)
Análise FEM
Processo Cirurgico
3D
Applications
Dispositivo Metálico
Agradecimentos à Techno How e Concept Laser
3D
Applications
Tendência da Manufatura Aditiva Materiais Funcionais e Dimensional Mega
1m
Meso/macro
10-3 m
Micro
Nano 1 Angstrom 10 m
10-6 m
-10
UAV 28 m envergadura (1)
KIT (5) LZH (4)
Construção Civil (2)
Tendências e Pesquisa
Tendências Aplicações da MA atuais(3)
(1) Lockheed Martin (2) University of California (3) Aplicações do CTI Renato Archer (4) Laser Zentrun Hannover (5) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (6) 2D National Geographic cover (11x14 microns) IBM - Almaden Research Center
IBM (6)
3D
Two Photon Polymerization (2PP)
Source: http://www.3ders.org/articles/20141115-jonty-hurwitz-3dprinted-nano-sculptures-at-the-same-scale-as-a-humansperm.html
R&D areas
CTI Renato Archer
• Additive manufacturing (3D printing); • Material structuring using Additive Manufacturing; • Additive Manufacturing experimental platforms (open hw/sw); • Anatomical modeling / BioCAD; • Computer simulation; • Medical imaging;
Biofabrication
Biofabrication
(Groll et al., 2016)
Complexity of Solutions Bioprinting
Complexity
In vivo bioprinting Bioprinting Scaffold Implants 1000600 aC
More natural
Bioprinting Bioprinting is a computer-aided robotic layer by layer additive biofabrication of functional living human organ constructs Scientific American
The bio-ink: cell aggregates The cartridge: TS container The bio-paper: gel The printer: bio-printer
mplants
Scaffold
In vivo Bioprintinbioprinting g
Bioprinting process flow
Pre-processing Blueprint
Processing
Murphy & Atala, 2014 - Nature Biotechnology
Post-processing
Bioprinting process flow
Source: www.organovo.com
92
Bioprinting techniques approaches Laser based writing of cells
Inkjet-based system
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERIN
Extrusion-based deposition
Nahmias et al. successfully performed collagen and Matrigel using laser-gui In their study, three layers of cells a nately deposited on top of each othe structure. Cell viability and prolifera post-deposition. Inkjet-based bioprinting was intro and built a great foundation for future gies. In thisincluding technique, living cells a Fig. 2. Bioprinting techniques (a) laser-based writin (b) inkjet-based systems, and (c) extrusion-based deposition. droplets through cartridges instead of [see Fig. 2(b)]. It uses a noncontact re takes digital data from a computer rep and functionality reproduces it of onto substrate usi the complexity and theaparts that can biomaterials [10].prototyping Boland et al. us ufactured using and contemporary rapid (RP) (Ibrahim and Yin Yu, 2013) successfully fabricate 3-D cellular ogy [13], severaltochallenges impede the evolution of org tal ECs with thermosensitive [10 ing. This paper discusses the current state of thegels art in bi
Tissue Spheroids
Can rapidly form extracellular matrix; Can fuse and form next level 3D structures; Can form “built in“ vasculature in 3D constructs; Can be robotically biofabricated in huge numbers; Can have complex structure and be prevascularized; Their fusogenic behavior can be predicted and controlled; They are more authentic due to maximal cell density than other approaches.
Post-processing
Control system Biomonitoring Bioreactor Chemical factors
Bio molecules
Physical factors
pH - °C CO2 - O2 Waste
Biosensors
Replace, repair, regenerate organs and tissues; drug discovery and tests, etc.
Maturation Evaluation
Research (today) (John Wiley & Sons 2011)
Lee et etal., al.,2013) 2014 (Robbins
Biofabrication
Bioprinting - Organ Biofabrication Line
ORS Cell sorter
Robotic tissue spheroids biofabricator
Robotic bioprinter
Perfusion bioreactor
4D Printing: Programmable materials “Programmable Materials consist of material compositions that are designed to become highly dynamic in form and function, yet they are as cost-effective as traditional materials, easily fabricated and capable of flatpack shipping and self-assembly”
“4D Printing entails multi-material prints provided by the Connex Technology with the added capability of embedded transformation from one shape to another, directly off the print-bed”
Bioprinting - Forecast
Research (today) Printing medication; Printing stem cells; Printing skin; Printing cartilage and bones; Printing replacement micro tissues;
Printing micro tissues for drugs tests;
Technology adoption (5-10 years) Specific organ tissue replacement for important organs; Personalized replacement 3D printed joints (hip, knee) with custom fit; Life saving 3D printed organ replacement (high cost)
Commercialization (10-30) Replacement 3D printed organs commonly available at affordable cost; Liver kidney replacement companies achieve maturity; 3D printed tissue replacement for all body organs available;
Printing medication at home widely available.
Challenges
Integration Engineering x Life Sciences; Development of "blueprint" for bioprinting of 3D human tissue and organs; Development of new STL file-free function representation based CAD software for digital bioprinting; Development of scalable technology for biofabrication millions uniform tissue spheroids (robotic tissue spheroids biofabricators); Development of integrated operational system integration of robotic bioprinters (special software); Increasing speed and printing resolution of robotic bioprinters; Development of new irrigation dripping perfusion bioreactor for 3D bioprinted tissue and organ constructs; Development of in situ bioprinting technologies (in vivo bioprinting of skin, cartilage, bones); Development of bioprintable biomaterials; Laws and regulations.
Changing the game
Thank you for your kind attention!
