A Centralized Comparison of Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for ...

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com

ScienceDirect Procedia Computer Science 48 (2015) 467 – 471

,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ,QWHOOLJHQW&RPSXWLQJ&RPPXQLFDWLRQ &RQYHUJHQFH ,&&& (ICCC-2015) &RQIHUHQFH2UJDQL]HGE\,QWHUVFLHQFH,QVWLWXWHRI0DQDJHPHQWDQG7HFKQRORJ\ %KXEDQHVZDU2GLVKD,QGLD

$ &HQWUDOL]HG &RPSDULVRQ RI (QHUJ\ (IILFLHQW 5RXWLQJ 3URWRFROIRU0RELOHDQG6WDWLF:LUHOHVV6HQVRU1HWZRUN 6DFKL3DQGH\D530DKDSDWUDE

D E

'HSDUWPHQWRIFRPSXWHUVFLHQFH6508QLYHUVLW\1&5&DPSXV 'HSDUWPHQWRIFRPSXWHUVFLHQFH6508QLYHUVLW\1&5&DPSXV

Abstract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

.H\ZRUGV6WDWLFZLUHOHVVVHQVRUQHWZRUNPRELOHZLUHOHVVVHQVRUQHWZRUNPRELOLW\HQHUJ\FRQVXPSWLRQUHFOXVWHULQJGHOD\QHWZRUNOLIHWLPH

1. Introduction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

1877-0509 © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of scientific committee of International Conference on Computer, Communication and Convergence (ICCC 2015) doi:10.1016/j.procs.2015.04.121

468

Sachi Pandey and R.P. Mahapatra / Procedia Computer Science 48 (2015) 467 – 471

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esign and Implementation 1VLVDSRZHUIXOQHWZRUNVLPXODWRU>@ ,WSURYLGHVVXEVWDQWLDO VXSSRUWIRUVLPXODWLRQRI7&3URXWLQJPXOWLFDVW SURWRFROVRYHUZLUHGDQGZLUHOHVVORFDODQGVDWHOOLWH QHWZRUNVHWF0DQQDVLPLVDWKLUGSDUW\WRROIRUVLPXODWLQJ WKH:61QHWZRUNVZLWKFDUERQPRQR[LGHVHQVRUDQGVRPHRWKHUVHQVRUVHWF)RULPSOHPHQWDWLRQXVLQJIROORZLQJ VLPXODWLRQWRROV 1VDOOLQRQH 0DQQDVLP±$VHQVRUQHWZRUNVLPXODWRUIRU16 12$+DVDURXWLQJSURWRFRO (QHUJ\)HHGEDFNSDWFK 61$36+276LPXODWLRQRI6WDWLF:61E\YDU\LQJQXPEHURIQRGHV

6QDSVKRW6WDWLF616FHQDULRIRUQRGHV






61$36+276LPXODWLRQRI0RELOH:61E\YDU\LQJQXPEHURIQRGHV

469


6QDSVKRW'\QDPLF:616FHQDULRIRUQRGHV





3. Simulation setup and Result discussion ([WHQVLYHVLPXODWLRQVZHUHFRQGXFWHGXVLQJ:616LPXODWRU7KHVLPXODWHGQHWZRUNFRQVLVWHGRIYDU\LQJQXPEHU RIQRGHVUDQGRPO\VFDWWHUHGLQD PDUHDDWWKHEHJLQQLQJRIWKHVLPXODWLRQ7DEOHVKRZVWKHVLPXODWLRQ SDUDPHWHU VHWWLQJ IRU WKH SURWRFRO HYDOXDWLRQ 7KHVH ZHUH JHQHUDWHG XVLQJ WKH WRRO (QHUJ\B6BWFO VWDWLF ZVQ DQG(QHUJ\B'BWFOPRELOHZVQ ZLWKWKHIROORZLQJSDUDPHWHUV 7DEOH6LPXODWLRQ3DUDPHWHUV 1XPEHU2I6HQVRU1RGHV $UHD6L]H 5DGLR3URSDJDWLRQ0RGHO 7UDQVPLW3RZHU 5HFHLYHU3RZHU ,GOH3RZHU ,QLWLDO(QHUJ\ &RPPXQLFDWLRQ6\VWHP 5RXWLQJ3URWRFROV


7ZR5D\*URXQG :DWW :DWW - - 0$&B 12$+

)LJ VKRZV WKDW WKH DYHUDJH HQHUJ\ FRQVXPHG RI PRELOH ZLUHOHVV VHQVRU QHWZRUNV XVLQJ ((53 GHFUHDVHV VLJQLILFDQWO\ ZKHQ WKH QXPEHU RI QRGHV H[FHHGV ZKLOH VWDWLF ZLUHOHVV VHQVRU QHWZRUN XVLQJ ((53 FRQVXPHG PRUHHQHUJ\ZKHQQXPEHURIQRGHVLQFUHDVHV

470


)LJ&RPSDULVRQRI$YHUDJH(QHUJ\FRQVXPHGYHUVXVQRRIQRGHV EHWZHHQ6WDWLFDQG0RELOHZLUHOHVVVHQVRUQHWZRUN

)LJ &RPSDULVRQ RI 5H&OXVWHULQJ GHOD\ YHUVXV QXPEHU RI QRGHV EHWZHHQ6WDWLFDQG0RELOHZLUHOHVVVHQVRUQHWZRUN

)LJ VKRZV WKDW WKHUHFOXVWHULQJGHOD\ZLWKUHVSHFW WRQR RI PRELOHZLUHOHVV VHQVRUQHWZRUN DQGVWDWLF ZLUHOHVV VHQVRUQHWZRUNXVLQJ((53GHFUHDVHVVLJQLILFDQWO\ZKHQWKHQRRIQRGHVH[FHHGV((53HTXDOO\UHGXFHVWKHUH FOXVWHULQJGHOD\LQERWKPRELOHZLUHOHVVVHQVRUQHWZRUNDQGVWDWLFZLUHOHVVVHQVRUQHWZRUNHQYLURQPHQW

)LJ&RPSDULVRQRI1HWZRUNOLIHWLPHYHUVXVQXPEHURIQRGHVEHWZHHQ6WDWLFDQG0RELOHZLUHOHVVVHQVRUQHWZRUN

)LJVKRZVWKHQHWZRUNOLIHWLPHDVDIXQFWLRQRIWKHQXPEHURIQRGHV/LIHWLPHGHFUHDVHVEHFDXVH:61KDYHWR FRYHUPRUHQRGHVDVWKHQXPEHURIQRGHVLQWKHQHWZRUNVL]HLQFUHDVHV:HREVHUYHWKDWWKHLPSURYHPHQWDFKLHYHG WKURXJK ((35 +HQFH WKH QHWZRUN OLIHWLPH RI PRELOH ZLUHOHVV VHQVRU QHWZRUN LV VLJQLILFDQWO\ LQFUHDVHG DV WKH QXPEHU RI QRGHV LQ WKH QHWZRUN VL]H LQFUHDVHV ZKLOH WKH QHWZRUN OLIHWLPH RI VWDWLF ZLUHOHVV VHQVRU QHWZRUN LV GHFUHDVHGDVWKHQXPEHURIQRGHVLQWKHQHWZRUNVL]HLQFUHDVHV 4. Conclusion and Future work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eferences >@ >@ >@

'DLVXNH7DNDLVKL+LURNL1LVKL\DPD1HL.DWRDQG5\X0LXUD´7RZDUGV(QHUJ$IILFLHQW%LJ'DWD*DWKHULQJLQ'HQVHO\'LVWULEXWHG 6HQVRU1HWZRUNV´LQ,(((7UDQVDFWLRQVRQ(PHUJLQJ7RSLFVLQ&RPSXWLQJ'2,7(7& 6KLYDVKDQNDU6XUHVK+19DUDSUDVDG*ROOD-D\DQWKL*´'HVLJQLQJ(QHUJ\5RXWLQJ3URWRFROZLWK3RZHU&RQVXPSWLRQ2SWLPL]DWLRQ LQ0$1(7³LQ,(((7UDQVDFWLRQVRQ(PHUJLQJ7RSLFVLQ&RPSXWLQJ'2,7(7& 1LNRODRV $ 3DQWD]LV 6WHIDQRV $ 1LNROLGDNLV DQG 'LPLWULRV ' 9HUJDGRV ´(QHUJ\(IILFLHQW 5RXWLQJ 3URWRFROV LQ :LUHOHVV 6HQVRU 1HWZRUNV$6XUYH\´LQ,(((&RPPXQLFDWLRQV6XUYH\V 7XWRULDOV9RO1R6HFRQG4XDUWHU

Sachi Pandey and R.P. Mahapatra / Procedia Computer Science 48 (2015) 467 – 471 >@

471

;LDR&KHQ=DQ[XQ'DL:HQ]KRQJ/L$QG+RQJFKL6KL´3HUIRUPDQFH*XDUDQWHHG5RXWLQJ3URWRFROVIRU$V\PPHWULF6HQVRU1HWZRUNV´ LQ,((( 7UDQVDFWLRQV2Q(PHUJLQJ7RSLFV,Q&RPSXWLQJ$SULOUHYLVHG-XQHDFFHSWHG-XQH'DWHRISXEOLFDWLRQ -XO\ >@ ((YHU5/XFKPXQ/0RVWDUGD$1DYDUUDDQG36KDK´8+(('$Q8QHTXDO&OXVWHULQJ$OJRULWKPIRU:LUHOHVV6HQVRU1HWZRUNV´ ,Q3URFHHGLQJVRIWKHVW,QWHUQDWLRQDOFRQIHUHQFHRQVHQVRUQHWZRUNV6(16251(76 5RPH,WDO$HEUXDU\ >@ *6XUHVK .XPDU DQG 95DMDPDQL ³(QHUJ\ HIILFLHQW 0XOWL7DUJHW 7UDFNLQJ LQ :LUHOHVV 6HQVRU 1HWZRUNV ZLWK DFFXUDF\´ 3URFHHGLQJV SXEOLVKHG LQ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO -RXUQDO RI &RPSXWHU $SSOLFDWLRQV ,-&$ 1DWLRQDO &RQIHUHQFH RQ $GYDQFHV LQ &RPSXWHU 6FLHQFH DQG $SSOLFDWLRQVZLWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO-RXUQDORI&RPSXWHU$SSOLFDWLRQV1&$&6$ >@ 3X7DL @ +XDQJ /X -LH /L DQG +LVDR .DPHGD ³$ 6HFXUH 5RXWLQJ 3URWRFROIRU&OXVWHUEDVHG :LUHOHVV 6HQVRU1HWZRUNV 8VLQJ ,'EDVHG 'LJLWDO 6LJQDWXUH´,(((*OREDO7HOHFRPPXQLFDWLRQV&RQIHUHQFH*/2%(&20 'HF >@ 6KLR .XPDU 6LQJK 0 3 6LQJK DQG ' . 6LQJK ³$ 6XUYH\ RI (QHUJ\(IILFLHQW +LHUDUFKLFDO &OXVWHU%DVHG 5RXWLQJ LQ :LUHOHVV 6HQVRU 1HWZRUNV´,QWHUQDWLRQDO-RXUQDORI$GYDQFHG1HWZRUNLQJDQG$SSOLFDWLRQV9ROXPH