Abstract Introduction System Requirements System ...

ESSE:

Learning Disability Classification System for Autism and Dyslexia System Requirements Nor’ain Mohd Yusoff, PhD Muhammad Hafiz Abdul Wahab Mohamad Azrulnisyam Aziz Fauzul Jalil Asha’ari Erwin Abd Jabbar

Assistive Technology Special Interest Group, Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya , 63100 Malaysia

Abstract

Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat

Gagal mengikuti Program Pendidikan Khas KPM

Contain a knowledge, fact, information and condition of a domain problem.

Pediatrician and Senior Teachers

To save all appropriate information in ESSE’s problems solving session.

Kementerian Pendidikan

User Interface

Inference Engine

Control the communication between user and ESSE. Fig. 3 shows the components of ESSE, and Fig 4 depicts the scenario in ESSE Task Memory

Knowledge Based

Save Data New Data

Interface Question

Inference Engine

User Interface

Solution

New Teachers in Special Education Field

New Data

Figure 3. Scenario in ESSE

Malaysian Education Ministry has provides education services to students that need special education like visual problem, hearing problem, learning problem, and student rehabilitation student. Expert system for special education just covered two out of five learning problem disability, autism

3 4

Murid yang ditempatkan ke Program Pendidikan Khas Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia diberi tempoh percubaan selama 3 bulan.

two type of problems. Fig. 1 shows how children entered the special education school. [Jabatan Pendidikan Khas, 2003].

Kekal dalam Program Pendidikan Khas Kementerian Pendidikan

No

Students were slowing mastering the language skills

No

Yes

Yes

Students have difficulties to get along with other students

No

Students have difficulties to orally express thier feeling to others

No

Students sometimes can hear but most of the time they refuse to hears. (acted like deaf person)

Yes

Besides, ISD (Instrument Senarai Semak Disleksia) is a test to recognize the probability of student to have dyslexia learning problem [Jabatan Pendidikan Khas, 2003]. Fig. 2 shows how a student is categorized whether he has

Students show an extreme relationship with toys, object or routine behavior

Students looked like he was in his own world

No

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Students cannot or did not understand the instruction given to them

Yes

No

Yes

Students like to hear certain sounds repeatedly or do the same action repeatedly

Students did not show their feelings in social interaction

Yes

Students feels the pain, but they did not give any reaction to the pain because thiersense was not too sensitive

No

Yes

No

No

No

Students were confused or feel afraid if there are changes in their daily routine

No

Yes

dyslexia or not. Students might belong in Autism group

Figure 1: Early entry flow for students with special needs

CONCLUSION

Students always repeat the same words

and dyslexia. Dyslexia and Autism is chosen among other type of learning problem because both of it has a very high number of children have this

Penempatan ke Sekolah Pendidikan Khas Integrasi.

ISD OPERATION

Knowledge Base

Start

Pengesahan murib berkeperluan khas oleh pengamal perubatan di Hospital atau Pusat Kesihatan bagi tujuan penempatan.

5

Knowledge Engineering

Figure 2. Components in ESSE

Pengenal pasti kanak-kanak yang disyaki mengalami masalah pembelajaran oleh guru, ibu bapa dan ketua-ketua masyarakat.

NOMINATION

Knowledge Based

Task Memory

Introduction 2

Type of Disability In Special Education

Formulated by a set of schedule that can be able to run a thinking process to solve problem in certain domain.

Besides, teachers using this system hold and maintain significant level of information pertaining both learning disabilities, thus reduce amount of human errors. ESSE knowledge-based resulted from the knowledge engineering called Qualifiers and Choice. Both are gathered from the analysis of symptoms that are experienced by Autism and Dyslexia patients. Every type of disability is divided to several categories and subcategory to facilitate question’s arrangement.

Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat

EXPERT DOMAIN

Components of ESSE (Patterson, 1990)

Inference Engine

Expert System for Special Education (ESSE) system is developed through the process of knowledge-gaining which is gathered from various expertise in chosen domain. Realizing the limitation of traditional classification system that teachers adopted, we developed ESSE to automate a centralized decision making system. ESSE is also able to provide consistent answers for repetitive decisions, processes and tasks.

1

ESSE is developed using Active Server Pages(ASP). Dreamweaver MX and Adobe Photoshop 7.0 are used to develop the interface, Microsoft Access is used to develop the knowledge based. The CLIPS version 6.02 is used to develop the algorithm for the ESSE in the CLIPS software.

REPORT

POHND

CONFIRMATION FROM THE HOSPITAL

AUTHENTICATE

DYSLEXIA PROGRAM

Students might not belong in Autism group

End

Figure 4a. Autism network diagram Start

ISD Evaluation Illustration : Probability Of Having Dylexia *POHD POHND : Probability Of Not Having Dylexia

UNAUTHENTICATE

POHD

Students have difficulties to spell simple word and always spell word that have other meaning with the original word

No

Students always do spelling mistakes and confused to differentiate an alphabet that have similar pronounciations in one syllable

No

NORMAL CLASS

Figure 2: ISD Evaluation flow

Yes

System Design Solution System Engineering

Yes

Students have difficulties to read a long text normally more than six rows because they have hesitation or afraid that they will do mistake

No

Knowledge based is a combination of facts and knowledge from which the rules is generated from combination of qualifier

There is no uniformity in student’s handwriting pattern

No

No

Students always confused with direction and sequences

No

Yes

Yes

Inference Engine Inference Engine was built to decide the flow of system and

Figure 5. ESSE Main Interface

Yes

No

Students show their interest in certain fields

No

Students write the alphabets in inverted order

No

Yes

No

Yes

Students have a short term focus

No

Students cannot understand long orders

No

Yes

Yes

and choice through the IF and THEN statement. Students can answer oral test well

Students’ handwriting is difficult to read

Yes

Yes

Yes

Students always give an excuse and involved in disciplinary problems

No

Yes

Both qualifier and choice are used to classify autism and

Knowledge Based

Students have difficulties to read words that have dipthong vocal to vocal alphabets linked

Yes

Students’ work was untidy

dyslexia symptom

No

Students have potential to succeed but their academic is too low

No

Students have good idea and memory but failed to transfer it into writing form

Yes

No

Yes

process generating the answers. It’s function is to schedule which question need to be answered by user after the first

Students might belong in Dylexia group

question is answered. The inference engine design can be shown based on network diagram (see Fig. 4a and 4b) and

Students might not belong in Dylexia group

End

Figure 4b. Dyslexia network diagram

cognitive map

User Interface

Do the students spell words that have no correlation with the original word?

Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 shows the main and question interfaces of ESSE, respectively. Table 1 shows an example of qualifier question in the system to classify them as Dyslexia .

Figure 6. ESSE Question Interface

Contact:

Mohd Yusoff, N., Hafiz, A., Azrulnisyam, A., & Fauzul, J. (2009). ESSE: Learning Disability Classification System for Autism and Dyslexia. In C. Stephanidis (Eds.), Universal

Nor’ain Mohd Yusoff, PhD

References 1. Patterson,D.W (1990).“Introduction to Artificial Intelligence and Expert System.” United State of America: Prentice Hall. 2. Jabatan Pendidikan Khas (2003).”Program” Access on 21st November 2006 at http://apps2.emoe.gov.my/jpkhas/htm/web/profil_program.php 3. Jabatan Pendidikan Khas (2003).“Instrumen Senarai Semak Disleksia” Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia.

Student’s Spelling

Flag

fleg

Same

sane

Bat

baj

Plate

pleat

Table 1. Dyslexia qualifier:

Publication Access in Human-Computer Interaction: Addressing Diversity (pp. 395-402). San Diego, CA, USA. : Springer, Heidelberg.

Correct Alphabet

Assistive Technology Special Interest Group Faculty of Computing and Informatics Email: [email protected] Website: http://fci.mmu.edu.my/main/ Phone: 603-83125247