a 2K-entry precomputation table implemented on a 4-way issue machine, this ... instruction precomputation outperforms value reuse, especially for smaller tables, ..... This paper presents a novel approach to value reuse that we call instruction ... "
Structural Path Profiling: An Efficient Online Path Profiling ... accuracy of online profiles as the degree of agreement with respect to the offline complete profiles ...
EEF011 Computer Architecture ... Basic compiler technique – Loop Unrolling ...
Basic pipeline scheduling (6 cycles per loop; 3 for loop overhead: DADDUI and ...
Parallelism at the level of detailed digital design ... To exploit ILP we must determine which instructions can be executed in .... Suppose it is n, and we would like to unroll the .... DADDUI R1,R1,#-40. S.D ... Static branch predictors are sometime
speculative processor, the code portion ranging from a corrected control flow bad prediction and ... The stack content is written and later read by call/return, ... 10, center) and 7 have a low ILP (⤠10, right) no better than in the sequential mod
multiple 2 or 4-way issue (relatively) simple execution cores can be .... We call such an intermediate design, CASH (for CMP And SMT. Hybrid). ...... of the 1996 Conference on Parallel Architectures and Compilation Techniques (PACT '96),.
Abstract. We analyse the capacity of different running models to benefit from the Instruction-Level Parallelism (ILP). First, we show where the locks to the capture ...
Computer designers and computer architects have ... multiple processors in parallel. ... lelism, we define a base machine that has an execution ... assume that the time to read the operands has been piped ... operands out of the register file, do an
Dec 19, 2005 - code are called microthreads and they capture ILP and loop concurrency. ... a fully scalable register file, which implements a distributed, shared-register .... processors to find sufficient fine-grain parallelism, which has .... For e
In this loop, the expression-tracking unit should link the first occurrence of the add to the instruction generating the value of ebx (like move elimination). It should ...
Apr 22, 2013 - Abstract - The instruction level parallelism (ILP) is not a new idea. It has been in ... To exploit ILP the role of compiler and Computer Architecture.
ADVANCED COMPUTER ... J. L. Hennessy & D. A. Patterson: Computer
Architecture: A Quantitative ... edizione (quarta edizione americana) Zanichelli,
2010.
the register file. Software bypassing also improves instruction level paral- lelism by reducing the number of false dependencies between operations caused by ...
(ILP) and adjusts processor voltage and speed in response to the amount of ..... perl, go, and adpcmenc, the low Eâ¢D is due to a lack of an energy improvement.
Nov 7, 1996 - [ABCC88] F. Allen, M. Burke, P. Charles, R. Cytron and J. Ferrante. An overview of the PTRAN analysis system for multiprocessing. Journal of ...
and Patterson's Computer Architecture, a quantitative approach (3rd and 4th eds)
, and ... http://www.intel.com/design/pentium4/manuals/24896607.pdf. Desktop ...
Instruction level parallelism (ILP) is the base for good performance of today's processor for executing multiple instructions per cycle. ILP is constrained by branch.
Advanced Computer Architecture. Instruction Level Parallelism. Instruction Level
Parallelism. Myung Hoon, Sunwoo. School of Electrical and Computer ...
Advanced Computer Architecture Instruction Level Parallelism Myung Hoon, Sunwoo School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ajou University
Outline • • • • • • • •
Ajou Univ.
ILP Compiler techniques to increase ILP Loop Unrolling Static Branch Prediction Dynamic Branch Prediction Overcoming Data Hazards with Dynamic Scheduling Tomasulo Algorithm g Speculation
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Multimedia Communications
SOC Lab.
Recall from Pipelining Review • Pipeline p CPI = Ideal pipeline pp CPI + Structural Stalls + Data Hazard Stalls + Control Stalls
– Ideal pipeline CPI: measure of the maximum performance attainable atta ab e by tthe e implementation p e e tat o – Structural hazards: HW cannot support this combination of instructions – Data D t h hazards: d Instruction I t ti depends d d on result lt off prior i instruction still in the pipeline – Control hazards: Caused by delay between the fetching of instructions and decisions about changes in control flow (branches and jumps)
Ajou Univ.
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Multimedia Communications
SOC Lab.
Instruction Level Parallelism •
Instruction-Level Parallelism (ILP): overlap the execution of instructions to improve performance
•
2 approaches to exploit ILP: 1) Rely on hardware to help discover and exploit the parallelism dynamically (e.g., Pentium 4, AMD Opteron, IBM Power) 2) Rely on software technology to find parallelism, statically at compile-time ((e.g., g , Itanium 2))
Ajou Univ.
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Multimedia Communications
SOC Lab.
Instruction-Level Parallelism (ILP) • Basic Block (BB) ILP is quite small – BB: a straight-line code sequence with no branches in except to the entry and no branches out except at the exit – average dynamic branch frequency 15% to 25% => 4 to 7 instructions execute between a pair of branches – Plus instructions in BB likely to depend on each other
• To obtain substantial performance enhancements, we must exploit ILP across multiple basic blocks • Simplest: loop-level parallelism to exploit parallelism among iterations of a loop. E.g., for (i=1; i
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