Construct validity and test-retest reliability of the force-velocity profile in a golf specific rotation movement. James M Parker. PhD Candidate. Halmstad University ...
Construct validity and test-retest reliability of the force-velocity profile in a golf specific rotation movement James M Parker PhD Candidate
Halmstad University, Sweden
Research context • Driver performance profiling in golf, – Carry and total driving – Biomechanical analysis • Pelvis, thorax, and upper-arm peak speed and acceleration
– Physical tests, FVP profiling • 3 segments (hips, thorax, full body)
• Aim: to develop a valid and reliable athlete profiling that allows for individualized training solutions.
Introduction: • Driver performance (1) • Multiple studies investigated F-V profile in the lower body (2,3) • Few studies investigated F-V profile in rotational movements • Need for strength assessment protocols which can relate to final swing performance (4) 1) Hellström, Nilsson, Isberg. (2014) Drive for dough. PGA Tour golfers’ tee shot functional accuracy, distance and hole score, Journal of Sports Sciences, 32:5, 462-469, 2) Jiménez-Reye, Samozino, Brughelli, Morin. (2016). Effectiveness of an individualized training based on force-velocity profiling during jumping. Frontiers in Physiology, 7:667 3) Giroux, Rabita, Chollet, Guilhem.(2016). Optimal Balance Between Force and Velocity Differs Among World-Class Athletes. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 32, 59-68. 4) Torres-Ronda, Sánchez-Medina, & González-Badillo,. (2011). Muscle strength and golf performance: A critical review. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 10(1), 9-18.
Methods
A standardised Golf relevant rotational movement
Performed twice within a 7-14 day period, (after a familiarization session).
Max force
Max power
Max speed
Results
Variables Peak force (N)
Peak power (W)
External load (KG 2 6 10 14 18
Session1 Change in Standard error Mean mean (%) of mean (CV%) 162 1.0 1.4 257 3.0 2.6 322 2,2 3.3 359 0.0 6.0 380 -0.9 6.0
2 6 10 14 18
962 1157 1170 1067 963
12.2 -0.4 -1.7 -1.9 8.6
14.1 7.8 6.1 8.6 19.1
Peak velocity (m/s) 2 6 10 14 18
6.5 5.1 4.1 3.4 2.8
2.1 0.2 -3.6 -1.5 -0.6
3.9 5.3 5.1 5.2 6.7
ICC 0.83 0.94 0.96 0.91 0.93
Confidence interval 0.42-0.95 0.78-0.98 0.84-0.98 0.67-0.97 0.75-0.98
0.28 -1.49 to 0.79 0.93 0.75-0.98 0.96 0.88-0.99 0.97 0.87-0.99 0.93 0.73-0.97 0.95 0.90 0.95 0.96 0.97
0.81-0.98 0.65-0.97 0.84-0.98 0.85-0.98 0.89-0.99
• Average CHSnor • 46.5 ± 5.1 m/s • Average CHSmax • 48.8 ± 5.6 m/s • Difference • 2.3 m/s
Variables Peak force (N)
External load (KG)
0.33 0.80
36 0.80
0.90
0.88
14 18
0.82 0.78
0.81 0.78
2 6 10 14 18
0.83 0.82 0.82
0.85 0.79 0.79
2 6 10 14 18
0.77 0.76 0.82 0.86 0.85
0.78 0.78 0.81 0.84 0.85
2 6
10
Peak power (W)
Peak velocity (m/s)
CHSnor (r) CHSmax (r)
Relationship between CHSnor and peak force with 10k resistance
Force velocity profile 700
600
500
Force
400 Men, slope=-70 Women, slope=-37
300
Group, slope=-59
200
100
0 0
2
4
6
Velocity
8
10
12
Discussion
Discussion: • Isoinertial force-velocity-power profiling in high-level golfers can be assessed after a familiarization session. • The strongest correlation among the rotational tests and CHS was between PF at 10 kg and CHSnor (r=0.89) and in general, the PF, PV, and PP variables had strong relationship with both CHSnor and CHSmax. • Such profiling may provide valuable information insight into the neuromuscular capabilities of high-level golfers and may be used to monitor specific training adaptions.
