61

  





ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖ߩ⥄Ꮖ⴫⽎ 

ʊᱧઍࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ 61 ੱ⺑ߣ‫ޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬ʊ ᧻ የ ᣽ ᮸

㧝㧚ߪߓ߼ߦ

㑐ଥࠍ▽޿ߡ߈ߚࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߪ‫ޔ‬1956 ᐕߦࠬ࡞࠲ࡦ

ࠝࡑ࡯ࡦߩࠗࡃ࡯࠼ᵷᱧઍࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ߇ 1960 ᐕ

࿖ࠍᡰេߒߡౝᚢߦァ੐੺౉ߒ‫ࡦ࡯ࡑࠝޔ‬໧㗴ߩ

ᤨὐߦ߅޿ߡ 61 ੱሽ࿷ߒߚߣ޿߁ਥᒛߪ‫ࡉ࡜ࠕޔ‬

⼏⺰ߢߪࠬ࡞࠲ࡦ࿖ࠍᡰេߒߡߘࠇ߇ࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ࿾

⻉࿖ߦࠃߞߡ࿖ㅪߣ޿߁౏ߩ⥰บߢዷ㐿ߐࠇߚ

ၞߩᱜ⛔ߥਥᮭ࿖ኅߢ޽ࠆߣਥᒛߒߚ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇߢ‫ޔ‬

1

ߎߩ 61 ੱ⺑ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ [United Nations A/SPC/SR.258] ‫ޕ‬

ࠕ࡜ࡉ⻉࿖ߪࠗࠡ࡝ࠬァߩⓨ῜ߦࠃߞߡ፣უߒߚ

ᧄⓂߩಽᨆߢ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬᣿⏕ߦߘߩౖ

ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖᡽ᐭߦ੢๮੐ോᚲࠍ㐿⸳ߔࠆ႐ᚲࠍឭ

᜚߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆ‫ౖߩߘޕ‬᜚ߣߪ‫ޔ‬1956 ᐕߦ࿷ࠞࠗ

ଏߒ‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޔ‬࿖ࠍᡰេߒߚ‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޕ‬࿖ߣߘࠇ

ࡠ࡮ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖੢๮੐ോᚲ߇⊒ⴕߒߚࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶

ࠍᡰេߔࠆࠕ࡜ࡉ⻉࿖ߪ‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޔ‬࿖ߩࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ

࠻ߦ෼㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫࡜ࡘࠫࡅޟ‬ᥲ 2 ਎♿߆ࠄ੹ᣣ

࿾ၞࠍᡰ㈩ߔࠆᱜ⛔ᕈߩᩮ᜚ߩ৻ߟߣߒߡࠗࡑ࡯

߹ߢࠝࡑ࡯ࡦࠍᡰ㈩ߒߚࠗࡑ࡯ࡓߩฬ೨৻ⷩ ϥΎϴΑ

ࡓ೙ߩᱧผ⊛⛮⛯ᕈࠍᒝ⺞ߒ‫ߩߎޔ‬ਥᒛߪࠗࡑ࡯

ΎϨϣϮϳ ϰϟ· ϱήΠϬϟ΍ ϲϧΎΜϟ΍ ϥήϘϟ΍ άϨϣ ϥΎϤϋ ΍ϮϤϜΣ Ϧϳάϟ΍ ΔϤ΋Ϸ΍ ˯ΎϤγ΄Α

ࡓ࿖ࠍᡰᜬߔࠆᒰᤨߩ౒↥ਥ⟵⻉࿖߿ࠕࠫࠕ㨯ࠕ

΍άϫ‫[ޠ‬ϥΎϤϋ ΔϣΎϣ΍ ΐΘϜϣ 1956a: 11-15][ibid. 1956b: 13-18]

ࡈ࡝ࠞ⻉࿖ߦฃኈߐࠇߚ‫ࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕ‬ታ㓙ߦߪ‫ޔ‬

㧔એਅ‫ޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟޔ‬ 㧕ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߎޔߒߛߚޕ‬

ߎߩᱧผ⊛⛮⛯ᕈߩਥᒛߪ‫ޟ‬8 ਎♿ඨ߫߆ࠄ 1200

ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ৻ⷩߦߪ㓝ߐࠇߚౖ᜚߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆ‫ࠇߘޕ‬

ᐕ㑆⛮⛯ߒߡᱧઍࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ࿾ၞࠍᡰ㈩ߒߡ߈ߚ‫ޠ‬

ߪࡈ࡜ࡦࠬੱ Zambaur ߦࠃߞߡ 1927 ᐕߦ⪺ߐࠇ

ߣ޿߁߿߿޽޿߹޿ߥ⸒⺑ߣߒߡᵹㅢߔࠆߎߣ߇

ߚ‫ࡓ࡯࡜ࠬࠗޡ‬ผߦ߅ߌࠆኅ♽࿑ଢⷩ‫ޢ‬ 㧔એਅ‫ޔ‬ ‫ޡ‬ኅ

ᄙ߆ߞߚ‫ߦࠇߎޕ‬ኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᱧઍࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ 61 ੱ⺑ߪ

♽࿑‫ޢ‬ 㧕ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޡߩߎޕ‬ኅ♽࿑‫ [ ⺆ࠕࡆ࡜ࠕߩޢ‬ϚΑ

㕖Ᏹߦౕ૕⊛ߥᢙሼࠍឭ␜ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޔ‬࿖

ΩϮϤΤϣ ϭ]ߦᡷᄌࠍട߃‫ߩߘޔ‬ᡷᄌߩ∥〔ࠍ㓝⭁ߒߚ

ߩᱜ⛔ᕈࠍⵣઃߌࠆᱧผ⊛⛮⛯ᕈߩᩮ᜚ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬

߽ߩ߇਄⸥ߩ‫ޕࠆ޽ߢޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬

ߘߩਛᔃߦ૏⟎ߠߌࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠃ߁‫ޕ‬

ᧄⓂߢಽᨆኻ⽎ߣߥࠆࠗࡑ࡯ࡓߣߪ‫࠼࡯ࡃࠗޔ‬

ᧄⓂߪ‫࠼࡯ࡃࠗߩࡦ࡯ࡑࠝߥ߁ࠃߩߎޔ‬ᵷࠗࡑ

ᵷࠗࠬ࡜࡯ࡓߩᢎ⟵ߦၮߠ޿ߚࠗࡃ࡯࠼ᵷାᓤߩ

࡯ࡓߩᱧઍੱᢙࠍ 61 ੱߣߔࠆ⺑߇ࠩࡦࡃ࠙࡞ߦ

౒ห૕ߩᜰዉ⠪ࠍᗧ๧ߒ‫ޔ‬1957 ᐕ߆ࠄ 1970 ᐕߦ

↱᧪ߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽

2

߆ߌߡ࿖ㅪߢ⼏⺰ߐࠇߚ‫ࡦ࡯ࡑࠝޟ‬໧㗴‫޿߅ߦ ޠ‬

ࠆ‫⻉ࡉ࡜ࠕޔߪࠇߎޕ‬࿖߿౒↥ਥ⟵⻉࿖‫࡮ࠕࠫࠕޔ‬

ߡߪ‫⻉ࡉ࡜ࠕߪࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޔ‬࿖ߥߤߦࠃߞߡࠝࡑ࡯

ࠕࡈ࡝ࠞ⻉࿖ߦࠃߞߡᬀ᳃࿾໧㗴ߣߒߡᐢߊᡰᜬ

ࡦ࿾ၞࠍᡰ㈩ߔࠆᱜ⛔ߥਥᮭ࿖ኅߩర㚂ߦ૏⟎ߠ

ߐࠇߚࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖ߩᱜ⛔ᕈߩᩮ᜚߇‫⻉ࡉ࡜ࠕޔ‬࿖

ߌࠄࠇߚ‫ࡦ࡯ࡑࠝߩߤߥ࡯ࡢ࠭࠾ޕ‬࿾ၞߩౝ㒽ㇱ

߿ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖ߦ࿕᦭ߩᖱႎߢߪߥߊ‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄ߇ᢜኻ

ࠍਛᔃߣߔࠆࠗࡃ࡯࠼ᵷࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ೙ߦၮߠ޿ߚࠝ

ߒߡ޿ߚ࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄ൓ജߢ޽ࠆࡈ࡜ࡦࠬੱߩ⪺૞

ࡑ࡯ࡦ㨯ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖ The Imamate of Oman㧔એਅ‫ޔ‬

ߦଐ᜚ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ߞߚߎߣࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆ߽ߩ

ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖㧕ߣ‫ޔ‬ᶏጯㇱߩࡑࠬࠞ࠻๟ㄝࠍᡰ㈩ߔ

ߢ޽ࠆ‫ᧄޔߜࠊߥߔޕ‬Ⓜߪࠝࡑ࡯ࡦߩᱧઍࠗࡑ࡯

ࠆࡉ࡯㨯ࠨࠗ࡯࠼ኅࠍᡰ㈩ጀߣߔࠆࡑࠬࠞ࠻㨯ࠝࡑ

ࡓߩੱᢙࠍ‫ޟ‬ผታ‫ߡߒߣޠ‬᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆ߽ߩߢߪ

࡯ࡦ࡮ࠬ࡞࠲ࡦ࿖ The Sultanate of Muscat & Oman

ߥߊ‫ੱߩߘߚ߹ޔ‬ᢙ⥄૕ߪ޽߹ࠅ㊀ⷐߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬

㧔એਅ‫ࡦ࠲࡞ࠬޔ‬࿖㧕ߩ㑆ߢౝ㒽ㇱߩ⍹ᴤ೑ᮭࠍ

߻ߒࠈᧄⓂߩ⋡⊛ߪ‫ޔ‬ᬀ᳃࿾߆ࠄߩ⁛┙ࠍ⋡ᜰߒ

߼ߋࠆⴣ⓭ࠍ߈ߞ߆ߌߦ 1956 ᐕߦౝᚢ߇⊒↢ߒ‫ޔ‬

ߚ⸒⺑ታ〣߇‫ޔ‬ᬀ᳃࿾ਥ⟵ߩᚑᨐߣ߽⸒߃ࠆ࡛࡯

ߘߩ⸃᳿ࠍ߼ߋߞߡ⼏⺰ߐࠇߚߩ߇ࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ໧㗴

ࡠ࠶ࡄߩਛ᧲⎇ⓥߩᚑᨐߢ޽ࠆࠩࡦࡃ࠙࡞ࠍេ↪

ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬18 ਎♿ᧃએ᧪‫ޔ‬ḧጯ࿾ၞࠍ⥄࿖ߩᚢ⇛਄

ߔࠆߎߣߢᚑ┙ߒߡ޿ߚߎߣࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆߎߣ

ߩ㊀ⷐ᜚ὐߣ૏⟎ߠߌߡࡑࠬࠞ࠻ߩᡰ㈩⠪ߣ෹ᅢ

ߦ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬











㧞㧚61 ੱ⺑ߩ♽⼆ߣࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ໧㗴ߦ㑐ߔࠆࡄࡦࡈ

(1) The British-Omanite Conflict. 1957?.

࡟࠶࠻

⪺⠪ਇ᣿‫ ోޕ‬13 ࡍ࡯ࠫߢ‫ ╙ޔ‬1 ┨ Foreword‫ޔ‬

61 ੱߣ޿߁ᢙሼߪౕ૕⊛ߢ‫ޔ‬૗ࠄ߆ߩౖ᜚߇ሽ

╙ 2 ┨ Historical Background‫ ╙ޔ‬3 ┨ The Treaty of

࿷ߔࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ ߩߎޔߪߢ▵ᧄޕ‬61 ੱ⺑߇ዷ

Sib‫ ╙ޔ‬4 ┨ British Motives Revealed‫ ╙ޔ‬5 ┨

㐿ߐࠇߚ⸒⺑ࠍ㆚෸⺞ᩏߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫⿠ߩߘޔ‬

Conclusion‫ ߮ࠃ߅ޔ‬Annex㧔ࠬࠖ࡯ࡉ᧦⚂4ߩ⧷⸶㧕

Ḯࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆ‫ࡦ࡯ࡑࠝޕ‬໧㗴ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⸒⺑ߪ‫ޔ‬

ߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ౖޕ‬᜚ߣߒߡ᣿␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߩ

࠹࡟ࡆ߿࡜ࠫࠝ‫ޔ‬ᣂ⡞ߥߤߩࡔ࠺ࠖࠕࠍߪߓ߼ฦ

ߪ‫┙₺⧷ޔ‬࿖㓙໧㗴⎇ⓥᚲߩ⊒ⴕߔࠆࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ

⒳ߩࡆ࡜߿ᦠ☋ߥߤ‫ޔ‬ᄙ᭽਌ߟᄢ㊂ߦሽ࿷ߔࠆ߇‫ޔ‬

[Royal Institute of International Affairs 1954] ‫ޔ‬

ᧄⓂߢߪ࠾ࡘ࡯࡛࡯ࠢߩࠕ࡜ࡉ㨯ࠗࡦࡈࠜࡔ࡯ࠪ

Thesiger (1950)߿ Eccles (1927)ࠄߩ⺰ᢥߥߤߩ⧷⺆

࡚ࡦ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧔એਅ‫ޔ‬AIC ߣ⇛⸥㧕߇⊒ⴕߒߚࡄ

࿤ߢߩ⎇ⓥᚑᨐߦട߃‫ޔ‬The New York Times‫ޔ‬New

ࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ࠍᚻ߇߆ࠅߦಽᨆࠍ⹜ߺࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ℂ↱

York Herald Tribune‫ޔ‬Washington Post‫ޔ‬Newsweek‫ޔ‬

ߪੑߟ޽ࠅ‫ߪߟ৻ޔ‬ᒰᤨߩࡑࠬ㨯ࡔ࠺ࠖࠕߩᖱႎࠍ

The London Times ߥߤߩ⧷ሼ⚕‫ޔ‬㔀⹹㘃ߥߤߢ޽

✂⟜⊛ߦ⺞ᩏߔࠆߎߣߪᖱႎ㊂ߩᄙߐߣߘߩᱷሽ

ࠅ‫⾗⺆ࠕࡆ࡜ࠕޔ‬ᢱߪ৻ಾ↪޿ࠄࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬

⁁ᴫ߇ᖡߊ‫ߩߘޔ‬㊂߿⾰ߩో૕௝ࠍᛠីߔࠆߎߣ

಴ ᐕߪ᣿⸥ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿߇‫࠻࠶࡟ࡈࡦࡄᧄޔ‬

߇಴᧪ߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬61 ੱ⺑߇ዷ㐿ߐࠇࠆᖱႎߩଔ୯

ߦߪ News Week 1957 ᐕ 8 ᦬5ᣣภ߿หᐕ 7 ᦬ 27 ᣣ

ࠍᖱႎో૕ߩਛߦ૏⟎ߠߌߡ⹏ଔߔࠆߎߣ߇࿎㔍

ภߩ Times ߆ࠄߩᒁ↪߇⷗ࠄࠇ‫ࠬ࡝ࠡࠗߚ߹ޔ‬ᄖ

ߢ޽ࠆὐ‫ߪߦࠄߐޔ‬ᒰᤨߩࠕ࡜ࡉ♽ࡑࠬ࡮ࡔ࠺ࠖ

ോ⋭߇ᧄࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ࠍ 1957 ᐕ 8 ᦬ 20 ᣣߦ౉ᚻ

ࠕߦ౒ㅢߔࠆᖱႎߩⵣߠߌ㧔ౖ᜚㧕ߩᏗ⭯ߐ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬

ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ ߊࠄߘ߅ޔ‬1957 ᐕ 8 ᦬ೋᣨ߆ࠄ

61 ੱ⺑ߩౖ᜚ࠍ⺞ᩏߔࠆߦߪਇะ߈ߢ޽ࠆὐ߇

ਛᣨߩ㑆ߦ಴ ߐࠇߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ࠝޔߪࠇߎޕ‬

᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬

ࡑ࡯ࡦ໧㗴ߦ㑐ߔࠆࠕ࡜ࡉ㨯ࠗࡦࡈࠜࡔ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ

 ╙ੑߦ‫ޔ‬AIC ߩࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ߣ࿖ㅪߩ⼏⺰ߩ㑆

࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߩ಴ ‛ߢᦨ߽ฎ޿߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߒߛߚޕ‬

ߦߪ‫࠻ࠬࠢ࠹ޔ‬਄ߩㅪ㑐߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ

એਅߦᒁ↪ߔࠆࠃ߁ߦࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖ߩᱧผߦ㑐ߒߡ

ߚ߼ߢ޽ࠆ‫⻉ࡉ࡜ࠕޕ‬࿖ߪ࿖ㅪߦឭ᩺ߔࠆએ೨߆

ߪ‫ޟ‬ᱧઍࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ߇ 1200 ᐕ㑆ࠝࡑ࡯ࡦࠍᡰ㈩ߒߡ

ࠄࠕ࡜ࡉㅪ⋖ߦ߅޿ߡࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖ߦ㑐ߔࠆ໧㗴ࠍ

߈ߚ‫◲ߣޠ‬නߦ⸥ㅀߐࠇࠆߦ⇐߹ࠅ‫ߩߎޔ‬Ბ㓏ߢ

⼏⺰ߒߡ߅ࠅ[᧻የ 68]‫⻉ࡉ࡜ࠕߚ߹ޔ‬࿖ߪࠕ࡜ࡉ

ߪ 61 ੱ⺑ߪណ↪ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬

ㅪ⋖ߩ⼏⺰ࠍ࿯บߣߒߥ߇ࠄ‫ޔ‬࿖ㅪ߳ߩ௛߈߆ߌ ࠍⴕߞߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬AIC ߪࠕ࡜ࡉㅪ⋖ߩᐢႎᯏ㑐ߢ޽

The Ibadhites are the least known of the three

ࠅ‫ࡉ࡜ࠕޔ‬ㅪ⋖ߦ߅ߌࠆࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ໧㗴ߩ⼏⺰ࠍ෻

major schools of Islam. Their main centers are in

ᤋߒߡࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ໧㗴ߦ㑐ߔࠆࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ࠍ૞ᚑ

North Africa, East Africa and Oman. The Oman

ߒ‫ޔ‬࿖ㅪߢߩࡠࡆ࡯ᵴേࠍዷ㐿ߒߡ޿ߚ‫ࠃߩߎޕ‬

is the oldest and strongest of all. All imams who

߁ߦ‫ޔ‬AIC ߇૞ᚑߒߚࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ߣ‫ޔ‬࿖ㅪߢߩ

have ruled Oman during the past 1200 years have

⼏⺰ߦߪ࠹ࠢࠬ࠻਄ߩㅪ㑐ࠍ⷗಴ߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬

been chosen by the people. The present Imam,

ߥ ߅ ‫ ޔ‬AIC ߪ Information Papers ߿ Document

Ghalib Ibn Ali, against whom British aggression

Collections‫ޔ‬Digest Papers ߥߤߩࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻㘃ࠍ

is now directed, was elected in 1954. [AIC

⊒ⴕߔࠆߣ౒ߦ‫ޔ‬The Arab World ╬ߩ㔀⹹߽⊒ⴕ

1957?: 2]

3

ߒߡ޿ߚ߇ ‫ࡦ࡯ࡑࠝޔ‬໧㗴ߦ㑐ߒߡ࿖ㅪ⻉ઍ⴫ߦ ㈩Ꮣߐࠇߡ޿ߚߩߪਥߣߒߡࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻㘃ߩࠃ

(2) The Status of Oman and the British Omanite

߁ߢ޽ࠆ‫╩ޕ‬⠪ߩ⺞ᩏߦࠃࠇ߫‫ޔ‬61 ੱ⺑߇ߪߓ߼

Dispute: An analysis based on official documents.

ߡ࿖ㅪߢ⚫੺ߐࠇߚ╙ 15 ળᦼ㧔1960 ᐕ㧕એ೨ߦ

1957.

ࠕ࡜ࡉ㨯ࠗࡦࡈࠜࡔ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯߇⊒ⴕߒߡ

⪺⠪ਇ᣿‫ ోޕ‬23 ࡍ࡯ࠫߢ‫ ╙ޔ‬1 ┨ Introduction‫ޔ‬

޿ߚࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ໧㗴ߦ㑐ߔࠆࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ߪએਅߩ

╙ 2 ┨ Historical Background‫ ╙ޔ‬3 ┨ The Treaty of

㧡⒳ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

Sib‫ ╙ޔ‬4 ┨ British Motives Revealed‫ ╙ޔ‬5 ┨ Conclusion‫ޔ‬Annex I㧔ࠬࠖ࡯ࡉ᧦⚂ߩ⧷⸶㧕 ‫ޔ‬Annex

 





II㧔1920 ᐕ೨ᓟߦ࿷ࡑࠬࠞ࠻࡮ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬ᡽ോቭߣ

࡯ࡦ໧㗴ࠍขࠅᛒߞߚ Part II㧔British Aggression

ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖ߣߩ㑆ߢ੤ࠊߐࠇߚⶄᢙߩᦠ◲ߩ౮⌀

Against The Imamate of Oman㧕 ‫࡯ࡒࠗ࡜ࡉޔ‬໧㗴ࠍ

ⶄ⵾㧕ߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬᭴ᚑߪ Annex II ࠍ㒰޿ߡ਄

ขࠅᛒߞߚ Part III㧔Buraimi Dispute㧕߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐ

⸥(1)ߣ㕖Ᏹߦૃㅢߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬

ࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬Part II ߩ⪺⠪ߪ M. Fathalla El-Khatib ߣ Issam

᣿␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆౖ᜚ߪ‫ޔ‬਄⸥(1)ߢ૶↪ߐࠇߡ޿

Kabbani ߣߐࠇࠆ߇‫ߢ‛ੱߥ߁ࠃߩߤ߇ࠄࠇߎޔ‬

ࠆࠛࠢ࡞࠭߿࠷ࠚࠬࠖࠟ࡯‫┙₺⧷ޔ‬࿖㓙໧㗴⎇ⓥ

޽ࠆߩ߆ߪਇ᣿ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬Part II ㇱಽߩౝኈߦߟ޿

ᚲߩࠨ࡯ࡌࠗ‫⧷ޔ‬ሼ⚕ߥߤߩ⧷⺆࿤ߩ⾗ᢱߦട߃‫ޔ‬

ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ᰴߩ(3-2)ࠍෳᾖߩߎߣ‫ޕ‬

Annex II ߦ෼㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆᦠ◲ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᱧઍࠗࡑ ࡯ࡓߩੱᢙ߿ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖ߩᱧผߦ㑐ߔࠆౖ᜚ߪ⸥ ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬61 ੱ⺑߇⸥ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߎޕ‬

(3-2) British Aggression Against the Imamate of Oman.(Information Papers 6-B) 1958.

ࠇߪ AIC ߩ⊒ⴕ‛ߩਛߢ‫ޔ‬61 ੱ⺑ߦ⸒෸ߒߚ߽ߞ

ో 18 㗁ߢ‫ ╙ޔ‬1 ┨ Introduction‫ ╙ޔ‬2 ┨ British

ߣ߽ฎ޿߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ‫ ╙ߪࠇߘޔ‬2 ┨ߢએਅߩࠃ߁

Penetration‫⵬ޔ‬ㆮ㧔Addendum㧕‫ޔ‬࿾࿑߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇ

ߦ⸥ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬

ߡ߅ࠅ‫ߪࠇߎޔ‬਄⸥(3-1)ߩ Part II ߦ⵬ㆮࠍㅊടߒ‫ޔ‬ ⁛┙ߒߚౠሶߣߒߡ಴ ߐࠇߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬

The Ibadhites are the least known of the three major schools of Islam. Their main centers are in

ߚ߼‫ߩߎޔ‬ౝኈߪ⵬ㆮࠍ㒰޿ߡ(3-1)ߩ Part II ߣో ߊหߓߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

North Africa, East Africa and Oman. The Oman

ᧄࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆਥⷐߥౖ᜚ߪ‫ޔ‬

is the oldest and strongest of all. All of the

(1)߅ࠃ߮(2)ߢ૶↪ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߣోߊหߓ⧷

sixty-one imams who have ruled Oman during

⺆⺰ᢥ߿⧷ሼ⚕߿㔀⹹㘃ߦ‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߦࠛࠗ࠴࠰ࡦ߇

the past 1200 years have been chosen by the

✬➏ߒߚ᧦⚂㓸[Aitchison 1933]߿ Morris (1957)ߥ

people. The present Imam, Ghalib Ibn Ali,

ߤ߇ട߃ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᱧઍࠗࡑ࡯

against whom British aggression is now directed,

ࡓߩੱᢙ߿ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖ߩᱧผߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎḮߪ૗

was elected in 1954. [AIC 1957:2]

߽␜ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬  61 ੱ⺑ߪ╙ 2 ┨ߢ⸥ߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ߪࠇߘޔ‬એਅߩ

 ߎߩᒁ↪ㇱಽࠍ(1)ߩᒁ↪ㇱಽߣᲧセߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬

ߣ߅ࠅߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

‫ޟ‬61 ฬߩ㧔of the sixty-one㧕 ‫߁޿ߣޠ‬ㇱಽએᄖߪㅙ ⺆⊛ߦ߶߷หߓߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇್᣿ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙ߩߣ

The majority of the people of Oman belong

ߎࠈ‫(ޔ‬2)ߪߎߩᒁ↪ㇱಽએᄖߦ߽‫(ޔ‬1)ߣㅙ⺆⊛ߦ

to the Obdahites5, one of three major schools of

ోߊหߓㇱಽ߇ᢔ⷗ߐࠇࠆ‫(ޕ‬1)ߣ(2)ߩ╙ 1 ┨ߩᄢ

Islam, who adhere to the democratic principle of

ඨㇱಽߪᱴߤ౒ㅢߒߡ߅ࠅ‫(ޔ‬2)ߩ╙ 2 ┨ߪ(1)ߩห

electing their Imams rather than following

┨ࠃࠅ߽ಽ㊂߇ᄙ޿߇‫(ߪࠇߎޔ‬2)߇(1)ߦߪή޿⾗

hereditary succession. An Imam is elected on the

ᢱ㧔Annex II㧕ߩ⸃⺑ࠍ฽ࠎߢ޿ࠆߚ߼ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬

basis of certain essential qualifications including,

ߎߩㇱಽࠍ㒰ߊߣ෺ᣇߩ╙ 2 ┨ߪㅙ⺆⊛ߦోߊห

among

ߓߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬෺ᣇߩ╙ 3 ┨‫ ╙ޔ‬4 ┨‫ ╙ޔ‬5

jurisprudence. All of the sixty-one Imams who

┨ߪ৻⸒৻ฏᄌࠊࠄߥ޿‫(ޔ߼ߚߩߎޕ‬2)ߪ(1)ߦ

have ruled Oman during the past twelve

Annex II ࠍട߃ߚ‫ޔ‬੐ታ਄ߩᡷ⸓ ߢ޽ࠆߣ⷗ߥ

centuries have been chosen by the people. The

ߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬

Imam Ghalib Ibn Ali, against whom British

other

things,

mastery

of

Islamic

aggression has been directed during the past (3-1) British Imperialism in Southern Arabia (Information Papers 6). 1958.

three years, was elected in 1954.[El-Khatib & Kabbani6 1958: 5-6]

ో 86 㗁ߣ࿾࿑3⪲߆ࠄᚑࠅ‫ߦࡦࡔࠛࠗޔ‬ኻߔࠆ ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩᬀ᳃࿾ᡰ㈩ࠍขࠅᛒߞߚ Part I㧔British

 ਄⸥ᒁ↪ㇱಽ߇฽߹ࠇࠆᧄࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ߩ╙ 2

Penetration and Imperialism in Yemen㧕ߣ‫ࡑࠝޔ‬

┨ߩ⣉ᵈߦߪ‫ޔ‬This part is based upon The Arab











Information Center: The Status of Oman and the

㧞┨ߣోߊหߓౝኈߢ޽ࠆ‫ ╙ޔߚ߹ޕ‬6 ┨ߪ(1)ߩ

British Omanite Dispute, (New York, 1957)ߣ⸥ߐࠇ

╙ 5 ┨ߦㅊട⸥ㅀ 㧔1957 ᐕ 7 ᦬ 24 ᣣઃߌ The Daily

ߡ߅ࠅ[El Khatib & Kabbani :3]‫ޔ‬61 ੱ⺑߇਄⸥(2)

Telegraph ߩ⸥੐ߦኻߔࠆ෻⺰㧕ࠍⴕߞߚ߽ߩߦㆊ

ߩࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ߦၮߠ޿ߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇᣿⊕ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

߉ߥ޿‫߹ࠇߎߪ࠻࠶࡟ࡈࡦࡄߩߎޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬

ᧄࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ߪ╙ 1 ┨߆ࠄ╙ 2 ┨೨ඨߦ߆ߌ

ߢߩ AIC ߩࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ࠍ⛮߉ធ߉ߒߚ߽ߩߦ‫ޔ‬

ߡࠛࠗ࠴࠰ࡦߩ᧦⚂㓸ࠍ↪޿ߡ⸥ㅀ߇ⴕࠊࠇ‫╙ޔ‬

ᣂߚߥᖱႎࠍઃߌട߃ߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߃ࠃ߁‫ޕ‬

2 ┨ߩਛ⋚ㇱಽߪ(2)ߩ╙㧞┨‫╙ޔ‬㧟┨‫ ╙ޔ‬4 ┨ࠍ ߶߷ߘߩ߹߹೑↪ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ ╙ޔ‬2 ┨ߩᓟඨએ㒠ߪ

ߎߎ߹ߢߩಽᨆߢ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬AIC

ࡕ࡝ࠬߩ⪺૞߆ࠄߩᒁ↪߿ࠕ࡜ࡉㅪ⋖ߢߩࠝࡑ࡯

߇૞ᚑߒߚࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ߪ‫(ޔ‬1)ࠍේဳߣߒ‫ࠇߘޔ‬

ࡦ໧㗴ߩ⼏⺰ࠍ⸥ㅀߒߚㇱಽߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬

߇(2)ߦࠃߞߡᡷቯߐࠇߚᓟ‫ޔ‬ㅊടᖱႎ߿◲⇛ൻߥ

ߎߩߚ߼‫(ߪ࠻࠶࡟ࡈࡦࡄᧄޔ‬2)ߩ Annex II ߢ෼㍳

ߤࠍ⚻ߡ‫ޔ‬㧔3-1㧕㧔3-2㧕㧔5㧕ߦౣ✬㓸ߐࠇߚߣ⠨

ߐࠇߡ޿ߚ⾗ᢱࠍౖ᜚⴫␜ߦઍ߃ࠆߎߣߢ೥㒰ߒ‫ޔ‬

߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧔(4)ߪࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ໧㗴ࠍ⸷߃ࠆߣ޿߁ઁߩ

ߘߩ਄ߢࠛࠗ࠴࠰ࡦ߿ࡕ࡝ࠬࠄߩᣂߚߥᖱႎࠍട

ࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ߦ౒ㅢߔࠆ⋡⊛ࠍ౒᦭ߒߡ߅ࠄߕ‫ޔ‬

߃ߡ಴᧪਄߇ߞߚ‫(ޔ‬2)ߩᡷ⸓Ⴧ⵬ ߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃

೎♽⛔ߩ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧕 ‫ ߢߎߎޕ‬61 ੱ

ࠃ߁‫ޕ‬

⺑ߦᵈ⋡ߔࠆߣ‫(ޔ‬2)ߦ߅޿ߡೋ߼ߡ 61 ੱ⺑߇ዉ ౉ߐࠇ‫(߇ࠇߎޔ‬3-1)(3-2)ߦ⛮ᛚߐࠇߡ޿ߞߚߎߣ

(4) Digest of Major Arab Issues. 1959.

߇᣿ࠄ߆ߣߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ዋߥߊߣ߽ 1957 ᐕߩᤨὐߢ 61

 ⪺⠪ਇ᣿‫ ోޕ‬44 㗁‫ᧄޕ‬Ⓜߢ⚫੺ߒߡ޿ࠆ AIC

ੱ⺑߇ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ߚߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޔߪߢޕ‬61 ੱ⺑

ߩઁߩࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ߣోߊ⇣ߥࠆౝኈߢ‫ᦠޔ‬ฬߩ

ߪߤߩࠃ߁ߥᖱႎߦ↱᧪ߔࠆ߽ߩߥߩߛࠈ߁߆‫ޕ‬

ㅢࠅ‫ࡉ࡜ࠕޔ‬਎⇇ߦ߅ߌࠆ⻉໧㗴̆ਥߣߒߡ෻ᬀ

ᧄⓂߢߪ‫ޔ‬એਅߩ 3 ߟߩℂ↱߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬࿷ࠞࠗࡠ࡮ࠗ

᳃࿾㑵੎̆ࠍᛒߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ ╙ޕ‬1 ┨ߢࡄ࡟ࠬ࠴࠽໧

ࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖੐ോᚲ⊒ⴕߩࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻߇ 61 ੱ⺑ߩ

㗴ࠍ‫ ╙ޔ‬2 ┨ߢࠕ࡞ࠫࠚ࡝ࠕ໧㗴ࠍ‫ ╙ޔ‬3 ┨ߢࠕ

Ḯᴰߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬

࡜ࡆࠕඨፉ㧔ࠗࠛࡔࡦߣࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ࿾ၞ㧕ࠍᛒ޿‫ޔ‬

╙৻ߦ‫ޔ‬61 ੱߣ޿߁㕖Ᏹߦౕ૕⊛ߥᢙሼߪ‫╩ޔ‬

╙ 4 ┨ߢࠕ࡜ࡉ᳃ᣖਥ⟵ࠍ‫ ╙ޔ‬5 ┨ߢ⚻ᷣ㐿⊒ࠍ

⠪ߩ⺞ᩏߩ㒢ࠅ‫ޔ‬1957 ᐕߩᤨὐߢߪࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖੐

ᛒ߁‫ߦ࠻࠶࡟ࡈࡦࡄᧄޕ‬භ߼ࠆࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ໧㗴ߩഀ

ോᚲ⊒ⴕߩࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻એᄖߦߪሽ࿷ߒߥ޿‫ޕ‬20

วߪ㕖Ᏹߦዊߐߊ‫ߩߘޔ‬ౝኈ߽ઁߩࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻

਎♿ೋ㗡ߩࠝࡑ࡯ࡦߩ⪺ฬ࠙࡜ࡑ࡯ߢ޽ࠆࠨ࡯࡝

ߦᲧߒߡ◲⇛ൻߐࠇߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᱧઍࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ

ࡒ࡯ߩᕷሶߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᱧผኅߢ߽޽ࠆࡓࡂࡦࡑ࠼ߪ‫ޔ‬

ߩੱᢙߦ㑐ߔࠆ⸥ㅀߪήߊ‫ߣ࠻࠶࡟ࡈࡦࡄߩઁޔ‬

಴ ᐕਇ᣿ߩ⥄⪺ߩਛߢో 61 ฬߩࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࡮࡝ࠬ

౒ㅢߔࠆ⸥ㅀ߱ࠅ߽ሽ࿷ߒߥ޿‫ޕ‬

࠻ࠍ⸥タߒߡ޿ࠆ߇[ϲϤϟΎδϟ΍ 1998 (n.d.): 56-59]‫ߎޔ‬ ࠇ߇ 1961 ᐕએ㒠ߦ಴ ߐࠇߚߎߣߪ᣿ࠄ߆ߢ޽

(5) The Question of Oman (Information Papers 13). 1960.

ࠆ7‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗࠆࠃߦ࠼ࡑࡦࡂࡓޔ߼ߚߩߎޕ‬㨯࡝ࠬ ࠻ߪ਄⸥ AIC ߩࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻(2)ߢ 61 ੱ⺑߇ೋ߼

⪺⠪ਇ᣿‫ ోޕ‬20 ࡍ࡯ࠫߢ‫ ╙ޔ‬1 ┨ Introduction‫ޔ‬

ߡਥᒛߐࠇߚ 1957 ᐕࠃࠅ߽ᓟߩߎߣߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬61

╙ 2 ┨ Historical Background‫ ╙ޔ‬3 ┨ British

ੱ⺑ߩᖱႎḮߣߒߡߪุቯߐࠇࠆ‫࡯࡜ࡈޔߚ߹ޕ‬

Intervention ‫ ╙ ޔ‬4 ┨ Legal Aspects of British

࠻ߦ߽ห᭽ߦ 61 ฬߩੱ‛࡝ࠬ࠻߇␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ

Intervention‫ ╙ޔ‬5 ┨ Subsequent Developments‫╙ޔ‬

߇[Hurat :II 281]‫ߣࡓ࡯ࡑࠗߩࡦ࡯ࡑࠝޟߪࠇߎޔ‬

6 ┨ Conclusion‫ ߮ࠃ߅ޔ‬Annex㧔ࠬࠖ࡯ࡉ᧦⚂ߩ

ࠨࠗࠗ࠼8ߩ৻ⷩ⴫ Table des Imâms et des Séyyids

⧷⸶㧕߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬

de l’‘Omân‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޔࠅ޽ߢޠ‬એᄖߩੱ‛߇฽߹

61 ੱ⺑ߪ⷗ࠄࠇߥ޿߇‫╙ޔ‬㧝┨ߩᄢඨߪ਄⸥(1)

ࠇߡ޿ࠆὐߢࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ 61 ੱ⺑ߩౖ᜚߆ࠄឃ㒰ߐ

ߩ╙ 1 ┨ߩ౨㗡߆ࠄ╙ 2 ┨ߩ೨ඨ߹ߢ߇৻ᢥሼ߽

ࠇࠆ‫⺆⧷ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᢥ₂ߩਛߢᱧઍࠗࡑ࡯ࡓߦ⸒෸

ᄌࠊࠄߕߦߘߩ߹߹૶↪ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ห᭽ߦ‫╙ޔ‬

ߔࠆ߽ߩߢ 1957 ᐕએ೨ߦ಴ ߐࠇߚ߽ߩ߽ሽ࿷

2 ┨ߩ೨ඨㇱಽߪ(3-2)╙ 2 ┨ߦ㉃ૃߒ‫(ߚ߹ޔ‬1)ߩ

ߔࠆ߇‫ߩࠄࠇߘޔ‬ᄢඨߪᱧઍࠗࡑ࡯ࡓߩ߶ࠎߩ৻

╙ 3 ┨ߣ߶߷ห৻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ ╙ޔߚ߹ޕ‬3 ┨ߪ(3)ߩ╙

ㇱߦ⸅ࠇߡ޿ࠆߦㆊ߉ߕ‫ޔ‬61 ੱ⺑ࠍ᭴▽ߔࠆౖ᜚

 





ߣߒߡߪ⹺߼ࠄࠇߥ޿9‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬1927 ᐕߦ಴ ߐ

ߩ৻ㇱߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗߩߘޔ‬૏ߦ⇼໧߇ᛩߍ

ࠇߚࠩࡦࡃ࠙࡞ߩ‫ޡ‬ኅ♽࿑‫ߣ࠻࡯࡜ࡈޔߪߦޢ‬ห

߆ߌࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ੐଀߇ᢔ⷗ߐࠇࠆ10‫ޔ߼ߚߩߎޕ‬

᭽ߦࠗࡑ࡯ࡓએᄖߩੱ‛߽฽߹ࠇ‫ߩߘޔ‬෼㍳ੱᢙ

61 ฬߣ޿߁ౕ૕⊛ߥᢙሼࠍዉ߈಴ߔߚ߼ߦߪ⹦

߽ 77 ฬߢ޽ࠆߚ߼[Zambaur :126-129]‫ޔ‬AIC ߩࡄ

⚦ߥಽᨆ߇ਇนᰳߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬઒ߦಽᨆ߇ᚑߐࠇߡ޿

ࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ߩ 61 ੱ⺑ߩ⋥ធߩౖ᜚ߣߒߡߪุቯ

ߚߣߔࠇ߫⋧ᔕߩౖ᜚߇᣿␜ߐࠇߚߪߕߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

ߐࠇࠆ‫ޡߩߎޔߒߛߚޕ‬ኅ♽࿑‫ߩઁߪߡ޿ߟߦޢ‬

╙ਃߦ‫ޔ‬61 ੱ⺑ࠍዉ౉ߒߚ਄⸥(2)ߩࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶

⾗ᢱߣߪ⇣ߥࠆ․ᓽ߇޽ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ౣᐲᧄⓂ╙ 4 ┨

࠻ࠍ․ᓽઃߌࠆ Annex II ߩ⾗ᢱߪ‫ޔ‬࿷ࠞࠗࡠ࡮ࠗ

ߢขࠅᛒ߁‫ޕ‬

ࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖੐ോᚲ߆ࠄឭଏߐࠇߚน⢻ᕈ߇㕖Ᏹߦ㜞

╙ੑߦ‫ࡦ࡯ࡑࠝޔ‬ผߦ㑐ߔࠆࠕ࡜ࡆࠕ⺆৻ᰴผ

޿‫ ߩߎޕ‬Annex II ߦ෼㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ 1920 ᐕઍߦ

ᢱߪ 1957 ᐕᒰᤨߦዋᢙߥ߇ࠄሽ࿷ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ߎߘޔ‬

࿷ࡑࠬࠞ࠻࡮ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬ᡽ോቭߣࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖ߣߩ㑆

ߦߪ৻ⷩᒻᑼߢߪߥ޿߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬ᱧઍࠗࡑ࡯ࡓߩᖱ

ߢ੤ࠊߐࠇߚᦠ◲ߩේᧄߪ‫ࠬ࡝ࠡࠗޔ‬஥ߣࠗࡑ࡯

ႎ߇⸥ㅀߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޔࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕ‬ผ

ࡓ࿖஥ߩ෺ᣇߢ଻▤ߐࠇߡ޿ߚߣ⷗ߥߔߩ߇ᅷᒰ

ᢱࠍಽᨆߒߡࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖ߩᱧผ߇⸥ㅀߐࠇࠆߎߣ

ߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠬ࡝ࠡࠗޕ‬஥߇⥄࿖ߦਇ೑ߦߥࠆߎࠇࠄߩ

ߪߥ߆ߞߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬1957 ᐕᒰ੐ߦሽ࿷ߒߡ

⾗ᢱࠍ৻⥸ߦឭଏߔࠆߣߪ⠨߃߇ߚ޿‫৻ޕ‬ᣇߢ‫ޔ‬

޿ߚࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ࿾ၞߩᱧผผᢱߣߒߡߪ‫࡯ࡖࠫࡃޔ‬

ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖ߩਥⷐੱ‛ߪ 1955 ᐕߏࠈ߆ࠄ㗅ᰴࠝ

ߦࠃࠆ⧷⸶[Badger 1986 (1871)] 1986 ߢ੹ᣣ߽ᐢ

ࡑ࡯ࡦ࿾ၞࠍ⣕಴ߒ‫ޔ‬㓞࿖ߩࠨ࠙࠺ࠖ㨯ࠕ࡜ࡆࠕ߿

ߊ⍮ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆࠗࡉࡦ㨯࡞ࠩࠗࠢ [ϖϳίέ ϦΑ΍ 1994

ࠛࠫࡊ࠻ߦ⣕಴ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ߩߘޔ‬㓙ߦߎࠇࠄߩᦠ◲

(n.d.)] ߿ ‫ ޔ‬ห ᭽ ߦ ࡠ ࠬ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ⧷ ⸶ [Ross 1984

߇ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖ᄖߦᜬߜ಴ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬೑↪ߐࠇߚߣ⠨߃

(1874)]ߐࠇߚࠕ࠭ࠞ࠙ࠖ࡯㨇ϱϮϛίϷ΍ 1983 (n.d.)]ߦ

ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ផ᷹ࠍⵣઃߌࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬1957

ࠃࠆࠗࡑ࡯ࡓવ߇޽ࠅ‫߽޿ߥ޿ߡࠇߐ⸶⧷ߚ߹ޔ‬

ᐕ 12 ᦬ 16 ᣣߩࠗࠡ࡝ࠬᄖോ⋭ߩ⸥㍳ߦߪ‫ࠗࠞޔ‬

ߩߣߒߡࡑ࠙ࡢ࡝࡯ [ϲϟϮόϤϟ΍ 1983 (n.d.)]߿ࠨ࡯࡝

ࡠߩࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖੐ോᚲߩਛᔃੱ‛ߢ޽ߞߚࠨ࡯࡝

ࡒ࡯ߩ‫ߩੱࡦ࡯ࡑࠝޡ‬વ⸥ߦ߅ߌࠆ⪺ฬੱߩฬ૞‫ޢ‬

ࡈ࡮ࡆࡦ࡮ࠗ࡯ࠨ࡯࡮ࠕ࡞ࡂ࡯࡝ࠬࠖ࡯߇ߎࠇࠄ

[ϲϤϟΎδϟ΍ 2000 (1927)]㧔એਅ‫ޔ‬ ‫ޡ‬ฬ૞‫ޢ‬ 㧕ߥߤ߇ሽ࿷ߒ

ߩᦠ◲ߩ౮ߒࠍ࡝ࡆࠕᄢ૶ߦᚻ੤ߒߡ޿ߚߎߣ߇

ߡ޿ߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ਛߢ‫ߪ⸶⧷ߩࠬࡠߣ࡯ࡖࠫࡃޔ‬ᛞ⸶

⸥ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ11‫⸥ߩߎޕ‬㍳߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᒰᤨߎࠇࠄߩᦠ

ߢ޽ࠅ‫ߪߦ߼ߚ߻⺒ࠍߡోߩߘޔ‬ේౖߦᒰߚࠆᔅ

◲߇ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖߆ࠄᜬߜ಴ߐࠇ‫࡯ࡑࠗߩࡠࠗࠞޔ‬

ⷐ߇޽ߞߚ߇‫ޔ‬ᒰᤨߪࠕ࡜ࡆࠕ⺆ߩේౖߪ಴ ߐ

ࡓ࿖੐ോᚲࠍ᜚ὐߣߒߡࠕ࡜ࡉ⻉࿖᡽ᐭߩ㑆ߢᵹ

ࠇߡ߅ࠄߕ‫ࡦ࡯ࡑࠝޔ‬࿾ၞߥߤߢߏߊዊⷙᮨߦᵹ

ㅢߒߡ޿ߚߎߣ߇┍߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ห᭽ߦ‫ࠕߪ◲ᦠߩߎޔ‬

ㅢߒߡ޿ߚᚻᦠ߈ߩ౮ᧄࠍ౉ᚻߔࠆ߆‫ޔ‬ᄢ⧷ඳ‛

࡜ࡉㅪ⋖⚻↱ߢ AIC ߦᷰࠅ‫ߦ࠻࠶࡟ࡈࡦࡄޔ‬෼㍳

㙚╬ߦᚲ⬿ߐࠇߡ޿ߚ౮ᧄࠍ೑↪ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ߞ

ߐࠇߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬એ਄ߩℂ↱߆ࠄ‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޔ‬

ߚ‫߽࡯࡝ࡢ࠙ࡑߪࠇߎޕ‬ห᭽ߢ޽ࠆ‫( ޕ‬2)ߩ Annex

࿖੐ോᚲ߇૞ᚑߒߚࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ࠍ 61 ੱ⺑ߩḮ

II ࠍ㒰߈‫ౖޔ‬᜚߇ශ೚಴ ‛㧔․ߦ⧷⺆࿤ߩ߽ߩ

ᴰߢ޽ࠆߣ૏⟎ߠߌ‫ޔ‬ᰴ┨ߦ߅޿ߡߘߩౝኈߩಽ

ߢᣂ⡞╬ߩ౉ᚻ߇ኈᤃߥ߽ߩ㧕ߦ㒢ቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ

ᨆࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬

AIC ߩࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬౮ᧄ㘃߇૶↪ߐࠇ ߡ޿ߚߣߪ⠨߃߇ߚ޿‫ޕ‬઒ߦߎࠇࠄߩ౮ᧄ߇ෳᾖ ߐࠇߡ޿ߚߣߒߡ߽‫ࡦࡉࠗޔ‬㨯࡞ࠩࠗࠢߪ 1856 ᐕ

㧟㧚࿷ࠞࠗࡠ࡮ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖੐ോᚲ૞ᚑߩࡄࡦࡈ࡟

߹ߢ‫ ߪ࡯࡝ࡢ࠙ࡑޔ‬1728 ᐕ㗃߹ߢ‫࡯ࠖ࠙ࠞ࠭ࠕޔ‬

࠶࠻

߽ 18 ਎♿ඨ߫߹ߢࠍᛒߞߡ޿ࠆߦㆊ߉ߕ‫ޔ‬19 ਎

 ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬァߩァ੐ଚ᡹ߦࠃߞߡࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ࿾ၞߦ

♿ᓟඨએ㒠ߩࠗࡑ࡯ࡓࠍ฽߻ߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿‫৻ޕ‬

߅ߌࠆࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖᡽ᐭߪⅽ⸃ߒ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᓟࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ

ᣇߢ‫⪺ߩ࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨޔ‬૞ߪ 1927 ᐕߦࠛࠫࡊ࠻ߢೋ

࿖੢๮੐ോᚲ߇ࠞࠗࡠ‫ࠬࠞࠬࡑ࠳ޔ࠼࡯࠳ࠣࡃޔ‬

 ߇಴ ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇‫⻉ࡉ࡜ࠕޔ‬࿖ߩ㑆ߢߪࠨ࡯

ߦ⸳⟎ߐࠇߚ‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗߩࡠࠗࠞߦ․ޕ‬࿖੐ോᚲߪ

࡝ࡒ࡯ߩ⪺૞ߦኻߔࠆ㑐ᔃߪ㕖Ᏹߦૐߊ‫࡯ࡑࠝޔ‬

ࠕ࡞ࠫࠚ࡝ࠕ಴りߩࠗࡃ࡯࠼ᵷ࠙࡜ࡑ࡯ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬

ࡦ໧㗴ࠍㅢߓߡోߊᵴ↪ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ߆ߞߚ[᧻የ

ࠕ࡜ࡉ᳃ᣖਥ⟵ᵴേኅߢ߽޽ߞߚࠕ࠻ࡈࠔࠗࡗࠪ

2007: 74]‫⸥߇࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨޔߚ߹ޕ‬ㅀߔࠆࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ

ࡘ12ࠍೋઍᚲ㐳ߣߒ‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޔ‬࿖ߩࡊࡠࡄࠟࡦ࠳











ᵴേߩ᜚ὐߣߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬หࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖੐ോᚲ߇૞ᚑ

ࠨ࡯࡝ࡒ࡯ߩ‫ޡ‬ฬ૞‫ࡦࡉࠗߣޢ‬㨯ࡂ࡞࠼࠘࡯ࡦߩ‫ࠗޡ‬

ߒߚࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ߩ✚ᢙߪਇ᣿ߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᱧઍ 61

ࡃ࡞ߩᦠ‫ޢ‬14߇ౖ᜚ߣߒߡ⸥ߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ߎߚ߹ޔ‬

ฬߩ‫߇ޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬ઃߐࠇߡ޿ࠆએਅߩ 2 ὐ

ࠇࠄߣߪ೎ߦ‫ޔ‬ᵈߦߪౖ᜚ߣߒߡࠗࡉࡦ㨯ࠕ࡞ࠕࠬ

ߩࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻߇⊒ⴕߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬

ࠖ࡯࡞߇⸥ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ15‫ࡆ࡜ࠕޔࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕ‬ ࠕ⺆ผᢱߦଐ᜚ߒߡ૞ᚑߐࠇߚࠃ߁ߥ૕ⵙࠍߣࠅ

(A)‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޡ‬೙ߩࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ㧔ࠕ࡜ࡆࠕඨፉ᧲ㇱ㧕

ߥ߇ࠄ߽‫ޔ‬એਅߩಽᨆߢ᣿ࠄ߆ߣߥࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ታ

㧔ࠕ࡜ࡆࠕᶏᴪጯ㧕 ‫ޢ‬1375 ᐕ࠭࡯࡮ࠕ࡞ࡅ࠶ࠫࡖ

㓙ߦߪߎࠇࠄߩౖ᜚ߦߪోߊଐ᜚ߒߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬એ

᦬‫ࡠࠗࠞޔ‬㨯ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖੐ോᚲ

ਅߦ‫ౖޔ‬᜚ߣߒߡ᜼ߍࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆࠨ࡯࡝ࡒ࡯ࠍෳ

ΔΠΤϟ΍ ϭΫ ˬ(Ώήόϟ΍ ήΤΑ ϰϠϋ) (Ώήόϟ΍ ΓήϳΰΟ ϕήη) ΔϴϣΎϣϹ΍ ϥΎϤϋ

ᾖߒߥ߇ࠄ‫ౖޔ‬᜚ߣߩਇ৻⥌ࠍ⏕⹺ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

.ΓήϫΎϘϟ΍ ϥΎϤϋ ΔϣΎϣ· ΐΘϜϣ ˬ1375  ⪺⠪ਇ᣿‫ޕ‬1375 ᐕ࠭࡯࡮ࠕ࡞ࡅ࠶ࠫࡖ᦬ߪ‫⷏ޔ‬

⾗ᢱ㧝ߩ(a)㧦Bannj JulandƗ or Bannj ‘UmƗra

ᥲ 1956 ᐕ 7 ᦬ߦ⹥ᒰߔࠆ‫⸥ߢ⺆ࠕࡆ࡜ࠕߡోޕ‬ㅀ

‫ޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬ ߩᦨೋߩ㗄⋡ߦߪ Bannj JulandƗ

ߐࠇ‫ ోޔ‬15 㗁߆ࠄߥࠆ‫ޕ‬೨ඨߪࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖ߩ࿾

or Bannj ‘UmƗra ߣ޽ࠅ‫࡯࠳ࡦ࡜ࡘ߽ࠫ߆ߚ޽ޔ‬ᣖ

ℂ࡮↥ᬺ࡮ᱧผߩ⺑᣿ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᓟඨߪో 61 ฬߩ‫ࠗޟ‬

㧔Bannj JulandƗ㧕ߣ࠙ࡑ࡯࡜ᣖ㧔Bannj ‘UmƗra㧕߇

ࡑ࡯ࡓ৻ⷩ‫ߡߞࠃߦޠ‬᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬1957 ᐕ 8

ห৻ߩ৻ᣖߢ޽ࠆ߆ߩࠃ߁ߦ⸥ㅀߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߒޕ‬

᦬ߦࠗࠡ࡝ࠬᒰዪ߇࠼ࡃࠗߩࠝࡑ࡯ࡦੱࠠࡖࡦࡊ

߆ߒߥ߇ࠄࠨ࡯࡝ࡒ࡯ߪ‫ᦨޔ‬ೋߩࠗࡑ࡯ࡓߢ޽ࠆ

ߢߎߩࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ࠍ⊒⷗ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ࠛޔ‬

JulandƗ b. Mas‘njd ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬㨬ߎߩੱ‛ߪࡃ࠿࡯࡮

ࠫࡊ࠻ߩߺߥࠄߕࠕ࡜ࡉ⻉࿖ߢᐢߊᵹㅢߒߡ޿ߚ

ࠫࡘ࡜ࡦ࠳࡯㨯ࡉࡦ㨯ࠕ࡞ࡓࠬ࠲ࠢࡃ࡞࡮ࡉࡦ࡮ࡑ

13

ߎߣ߇┍߃ࠆ ‫ޕ‬

ࠬ࠙࡯࠼࡮ࡉࡦ࡮ࠕ࡞ࡂ࡜࡯࡞࡮ࡉࡦ࡮ࠕࡉ࠼࡮ ࠗ࠶࠭࡮ࡉࡦ࡮ࡑࠕ࠙ࠖ࡜㨯ࡉࡦ㨯ࠪࡖࡓࠬߩ 1 ੱ

(B)‫ߦࡦ࡯ࡑࠝޡ‬㑐ߔࠆࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻‫ޢ‬1956 ᐕ‫ޔ‬ ࿷ࠞࠗࡠ࡮ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖੐ോᚲ .ϡ1956 - ϩ1376ˬήϫΎϘϟ΍ ϥΎϤϋ ΔϣΎϣ΍ ΐΘϜϣ ˬϥΎϤϋ Ϧϋ ΓάΒϧ ⪺⠪ਇ᣿‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟޕ‬࿖੐ോᚲ಴ ‛㧔 Ε΍έϮθϨϣ

ߢ‫ޔ‬ 㧔ਛ⇛㧕ᓐࠍߎࠇએᄖ[ߩ৻ᣖ]ߦᏫߔࠆ⠪ߪ㑆 ㆑ߞߡ޿ࠆ16㨭[ϲϤϟΎδϟ΍ 2000: vol.1 85]ߣ⸥ߒ‫ࡘࠫޔ‬ ࡜ࡦ࠳࡯ᣖߣ࠙ࡑ࡯࡜ᣖࠍห৻ⷞߔࠆ⺑ࠍ᣿⊕ߦ ุቯߒߡ޿ࠆ17‫ޕ‬

ϥΎϤϋ ΔϣΎϣ ΐΘϜϣ㧕㧡‫ޔࠅ߅ߡࠇߐ⸥ߣޠ‬ห੐ോᚲߩ಴  ‛ߩ૗ࠄ߆ߩࠪ࡝࡯࠭ߩ 5 ⇟⋡ߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ┍ ࠊߖࠆ߇‫߇ߩ߽ߥ߁ࠃߩߤߦઁޔ‬಴ ߐࠇߡ޿ߚ

⾗ᢱ㧝ߩ(b)㧦Muhammad b. ‘AffƗn al-AzdƯ એ㒠ߩ  ࠫࡘ࡜ࡦ࠳࡯ᣖ

ߩ߆ਇ᣿ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ో 18 㗁߆ࠄߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ ౝኈߪ਄⸥ 㧔A㧕

Muhammad b. ‘AffƗn એ㒠ߩੱ‛߇ࠫࡘ࡜ࡦ࠳࡯ 

ߣห᭽ߦ‫ޔ‬೨ඨ߇ࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ࿾ၞߩ⚫੺‫ޔ‬ᓟඨ߇‫ࠗޟ‬

ᣖߩ㗄⋡ߦ฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ޔ߫ࠇࠃߦ࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨޔ‬

ࡑ࡯ࡓ৻ⷩ‫ޕࠆ޿ߡߞߥߣޠ‬೨ඨㇱಽߪㇱಽ⊛ߥ

ߎࠇࠄߩੱ‛ߪࠫࡘ࡜ࡦ࠳࡯ᣖߩੱ‛ߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬

Ბ⪭ߩ౉ࠇᦧ߃߿⚦߆޿න⺆ߩᄌᦝ߇ߥߐࠇߡ޿

ࠨ࡯࡝ࡒ࡯ߦࠃࠇ߫‫࡯࠳ࡦ࡜ࡘࠫޔ‬ᣖ߆ࠄࠗࡑ࡯

ࠆߛߌߢ‫ޔ‬ 㧔A㧕ߣ߶߷หߓ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬ᓟඨ

ࡓߦዞછߒߚߩߪ JulandƗ b. Mas‘njd ߩߺߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

ㇱಽߩ‫߽ޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬㧔A㧕ߩ߽ߩߣోߊห

[ϲϤϟΎδϟ΍2000: vol.1 88-113]

ߓ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ᧄޔ߼ߚߩߎޕ‬Ⓜߢߪੑߟߩ‫ࡑࠗޟ‬ ࡯ࡓ৻ⷩ‫ࠍޠ‬ห৻ߩ߽ߩߣߒߡᛒ߁‫⷏ޔ߅ߥޕ‬ᥲ ߦ឵▚ߔࠆߣ㧔A㧕ߣ㧔B㧕ߪ౒ߦ 1956 ᐕߩ಴ 

⾗ᢱ㧝ߩ(c)㧦Ynjsf b. WajƯh ߣ Muhammad b. Ynjsf  b. WajƯh

ߢ޽ࠆ߇‫⸥ޔ‬タߐࠇߡ޿ࠆࡅࠫࡘ࡜ᥲߢߪ㧔A㧕

Ynjsf b. WajƯh ߣࡓࡂࡦࡑ࠼㨯ࡉࡦ㨯࡙࡯ࠬࡈ

߇ 1375 ᐕ‫ޔ‬ 㧔B㧕߇ 1376 ᐕߢ޽ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ 㧔B㧕ߩᣇ

Muhammad b. Ynjsf b. WajƯh ߩⷫሶߩฬ೨߇᜼ߍࠄ 

߇⧯ᐓᓟߦ಴ ߐࠇߚߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޔ߼ߚߩߎޕ‬

ࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ߩࡦ࡯ࡑࠝޟߪߦ࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨޔ‬ኾ೙⠪

㧔B㧕ߪታ⾰⊛ߦ㧔A㧕ߩᡷ⸓ ߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ

ߩ৻࿅ߦ‫ࡈࠬ࡯࡙ޔ‬㨯ࡉࡦ࡮ࡢࠫ࡯ࡈ߇޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ᓐߪ

ࠆ‫ޕ‬

ࠝࡑ࡯ࡦߩߣ޽ࠆ࿾ᣇࠍᚲ᦭ߒ‫ࠗࠨ࡮ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޔ‬ ࡯࠼࡮ࡉࡦ㨯ࠕࡉ࠼࠘࠶࡜࡯ߣหᤨઍߩੱ‛ߢ‫ࠗޔ‬

ߐߡ‫ޔ‬ ‫ޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬ 㧔⾗ᢱ㧝㧕ߦߪ‫ޔ‬೨಴ߩ

ࡑ࡯ࡓߣᚢߞߡ޿ߚ‫[ޠ‬ϲϤϟΎδϟ΍ 2000:vol.1 290]ߣ⸥ߐ

 





ࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ߩߘߣࡈࠬ࡯࡙ޔ‬ᕷሶߪࠗࡑ࡯ࡓߦᢜኻ

ࡗ࠙࡞ࡉᣖ㧔Bannj Ya‘rub㧕ߩ㗄⋡ߦ฽߹ࠇߡ޿

ߔࠆ൓ജߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ኾ೙⠪ߣߒߡឬ߆ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߎޕ‬

ࠆ Ahmad b. Sa‘Ưd ߣߘߩᰴߩ‘AzzƗn b. Qays ߪ‫ࠨޔ‬ 

ߩߚ߼‫ߣࡓ࡯ࡑࠗࠍ‛ੱߩࠄࠇߎ߇࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨޔ‬

࡯࡝ࡒ࡯ߦࠃࠇ߫ࡉ࡯㨯ࠨࠗ࡯࠼ኅ㧔Ɩl Bnj Sa‘Ưd㧕

ߒߡขࠅᛒߞߡ޿ߥ޿ߎߣߪ᣿ࠄ߆ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

ߩੱ‛ߢ޽ࠆ[ϲϤϟΎδϟ΍ 2000: vol.2 178]‫ߦࠇߎޔߚ߹ޕ‬ ⛯ߊ SƗlim b. RƗshid ߣ Muhammad b. ‘AbdullƗh‫ޔ‬ 

⾗ᢱ㧝ߩ(d)㧦Bannj NabhƗn

GhƗlib b. ‘AlƯ ߪࡗ࠙࡞ࡉᣖߢ߽‫࡯ࡉޔ‬㨯ࠨࠗ࡯࠼ኅ

࠽ࡉࡂ࡯ࡦᣖ㧔Bannj NabhƗn㧕ߣ޿߁㗄⋡߇޽ࠆ

ߢ߽ߥ޿‫⪺ߩ࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨޔ߽ߘ߽ߘޕ‬૞ߪ 1910

߇‫ࡦ࡯ࡂࡉ࠽ޔ߫ࠇࠃߦ࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨޔ‬ᣖߪࠗࡑ࡯

ᐕ߹ߢࠍᛒ߁߽ߩߢ‫ޔ‬ ߎࠇࠃࠅᓟߩ SƗlim b. RƗshid

ࡓߣᢜኻߒߡ޿ߚ൓ജߢ޽ࠅ‫ޕ޿ߥߪߢࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޔ‬

એ㒠ߩੱ‛ߪࠨ࡯࡝ࡒ࡯ߦߪ⸥ㅀߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬

[ϲϤϟΎδϟ΍ 2000: vol.1 357]  ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޔ‬࿖੐ോᚲ߇૞ᚑߒߚ‫ࠗޟ‬ ⾗ᢱ㧝ߩ(e)㧦MƗlik b. AlƯ al-HawƗlƯ 

ࡑ࡯ࡓ৻ⷩ‫ߊోߪߦ࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨޔߪޠ‬ଐ᜚ߒߡ޿

MƗlik b. AlƯ al-HawƗlƯ ߇‫ࡦ࡯ࡂࡉ࠽ޟ‬ᣖ‫ߩޠ‬㗄⋡ 

ߥ޿‫ߦ࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨߡߒ߁ߤޔߪߢޕ‬ଐ᜚ߒߡ޿ߥ

ߩᦨᓟߦ฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ߎ߫ࠇࠃߦ࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨޔ‬

޿ߦ߽߆߆ࠊࠄߕ‫ߦ࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨޔ‬ଐ᜚ߒߡ޿ࠆࠃ

ߩੱ‛ߪ࠽ࡉࡂ࡯ࡦᣖߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬਄⸥ߩߣ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬

߁ߥ૕ⵙߢ‫߇ޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬૞ᚑߐࠇߚߩߢ޽

࠽ࡉࡂ࡯ࡦᣖߪࠗࡑ࡯ࡓߢߪߥ޿ኾ೙⠪ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬

ࠈ߁߆‫ߦ࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨޔߚ߹ޕ‬ଐ᜚ߒߡ޿ߥ޿ߥࠄ‫ޔ‬

ߎࠇߦኻߒߡ MƗlik b. AlƯ ߪࠗࡑ࡯ࡓߣ⸥ߐࠇߡ

‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߤߪޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬ᖱႎߦၮߠ޿ߡ૞

޿ࠆ‫[ޕ‬ϲϤϟΎδϟ΍ 2000: vol.1 376]

ᚑߐࠇߚߩߢ޽ࠈ߁߆‫ޕ‬

⾗ᢱ㧝ߩ(f)㧦Bannj SƗma in Oman ࠨ࡯ࡑᣖ㧔Bannj SƗma㧕ߣ޿߁৻ᣖ߇᜼ߍࠄࠇ

4.‫ޡ‬ኅ♽࿑‫ޠ߳ⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟࠄ߆ޢ‬

ߡ޿ࠆ‫ࡑࠗޔ߫ࠇࠃߦ࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕ‬

╙ 2 ┨ߢ᜼ߍߚࠩࡦࡃ࠙࡞ߩ‫ޡ‬ኅ♽࿑‫ࠗޔߪޢ‬

࡯ࡓァߣߩᚢ޿ߦᢌࠇߚࠨ࡯ࡑᣖߩੱ‛߇ࡃࡂ࡟

ࡑ࡯ࡓએᄖߩੱ‛߇฽߹ࠇ‫ߚ߹ޔ‬෼㍳ੱᢙ߽ 77

18

࡯ࡦߦ㚢ገߒߡ޿ߚࡓࡂࡦࡑ࠼࡮ࡉࡦ࡮ࡉ࡯࡞ ₸

ฬߢ޽ࠆߣߒߡઁߩ⾗ᢱߣ౒ߦ 61 ੱ⺑ߩౖ᜚ߣ

޿ࠆࠕ࠶ࡃ࡯ࠬᦺァߦᐤ⼔ࠍ᳞߼‫ᦺࠬ࡯ࡃ࠶ࠕޔ‬

ߒߡߪุቯߐࠇߚ߇‫․ߩߘޔ‬ᓽ߆ࠄౣᐲขࠅᛒ߁

ߪߎࠇߦᔕ߃ߡ 25000 ߩ౓ࠍࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ᡹᠄ߦᏅߒ

ߣ⸥ߒߚ‫․ߩߘޕ‬ᓽߣߪ‫ޔ‬ ‫ޡ‬ኅ♽࿑‫࡯ࡑࠗޟߪߦޢ‬

ะߌߚ[ϲϤϟΎδϟ΍ 2000: vol.1 256-257]‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟࠕ࠶ࡃ

ࡓ৻ⷩ‫ߣޠ‬㉃ૃߒߡ޿ࠆㇱಽ߇ᄙߊሽ࿷ߔࠆߣ޿

࡯ࠬᦺァ߇ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓァࠍᛂߜ⎕ࠆߣ‫ࡑࡦࡂࡓޔ‬

߁߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߜࠊߥߔޕ‬ ‫ߦޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬ઃߐ

࠼࡮ࡉࡦ࡮ࡉ࡯࡞ߪࠗࡑ࡯ࡓߦᓥ߁ੱ‫ߩޘ‬⣨߿⣉‫ޔ‬

ࠇߡ޿ࠆ 11 ▎ᚲߩᵈ߇‫ޡߩ࡞࠙ࡃࡦࠩޔ‬ኅ♽࿑‫ޢ‬

⡊ࠍಾࠅ⪭ߣߒ‫[ߚ޿ߧࠅߊࠍ⋡ޔ‬ϲϤϟΎδϟ΍ 2000:

ߩࠕ࡜ࡆࠕ⺆ 㧔⾗ᢱ㧞㧕ߩᵈߣోߊหߓㇱಽߦ

vol.1 261]‫⑳ޟޔߡ޿ߟߦࠇߎޕ‬㧔ࠨ࡯࡝ࡒ࡯㧕ߪ

ઃߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ߩߘޔ‬ౝኈ߽ోߊหߓߢ޽ࠆ‫ߥ⇣ޕ‬

ኾ೙⠪߇ࠝࡑ࡯ࡦߩ᳃ࠍᡰ㈩ߒߚ㧔ߣ޿߁ผታ㧕

ࠆੑߟߩ࠹ࠢࠬ࠻ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ห৻ㇱಽߦห৻ౝኈ

ࠍ⊒⷗ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᓐࠄߪࠝࡑ࡯ࡦߩ᳃ࠍ 40 ᐕߦᷰߞߡ

ߩᵈ߇ 11 ▎ᚲߦᷰߞߡઃߌࠄࠇࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߪ

⧰ߒ߼ߚ‫ޕ‬ 㧔ਛ⇛㧕ߎࠇߪࡓࡂࡑ࠼࡮ࡉࡦ࡮ࡉ࡯࡞

ㅢᏱߪ޽ࠅ߃ߕ‫ߪࠇߎޔ‬ੑߟߩ࠹ࠢࠬ࠻߇ห৻ߩ

ߩᚢ੎ߩᓟߩߎߣߢ޽ࠅ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬ኾ೙⠪ߣߪ‫ޔ‬

߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ߆‫৻ޔ‬ᣇ߇ઁᣇࠍᮨ୮ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ

ࠨ࡯ࡑᣖߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ޕ‬ ‫[ޠ‬ϲϤϟΎδϟ΍ 2000: vol.1 262]ߣ⸥ߐ

ߎߣࠍ␜ߔ᦭ജߥᩮ᜚ߢ޽ࠆ‫౒ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ㅢὐ

ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬಴᧪੐߇‫ޟ‬ผታ‫ߤ߆ࠆ޽ߢޠ‬

ߪ‫⾗ߩઁޔ‬ᢱߦߪ⷗಴ߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬

߁߆ߪߐߡ߅߈‫ޔ‬ዋߥߊߣ߽ࠨ࡯࡝ࡒ࡯߇ࠨ࡯ࡑ

ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖੐ോᚲߩࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻ߩ೨ඨߩᧄᢥਛ

ᣖࠍࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ᡽ᮭࠍ፣უߐߖ‫ߩࡦ࡯ࡑࠝޔ‬᳃ࠍ⧰

ߦ‫ޔ‬ෳ⠨ᢥ₂ߣߒߡࠩࡦࡃ࠙࡞ߩ‫ޡ‬ኅ♽࿑‫߇ޢ‬᜼

ߒ߼ߚ㓸࿅ߦ૏⟎ߠߌߡ޿ࠆߎߣߪ⇼޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬

ߍࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ[ϥΎϤϋ ΔϣΎϣ΍ ΔΒΘϜϣ 1956a: 5][ibid. 1956b: 4]‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޔߪࠇߎޕ‬࿖੐ോᚲ߇ࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻૞

⾗ ᢱ 㧝 ߩ (h) 㧦 Ahmad b. Sa‘Ưd b. Ahmad b.   Muhammad al-Bnj Sa‘ƯdƯ એ㒠ߩੱ‛ 

ᚑᤨߦ‫ޡ‬ኅ♽࿑‫⹺ࠍޢ‬⍮ߒߡ޿ߚߎߣߩ⸽᜚ߢ޽ ࠅ‫ࠍࠇߘޔ‬ෳᾖߒߡ޿ߚߎߣࠍ┍ࠊߖࠆ߽ߩߢ޽







ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ታ㓙ߩߣߎࠈ‫ޔ‬ ‫ޡ‬ኅ♽࿑‫ߩޢ‬ේౖߢ޽ࠆࡈ࡜ࡦࠬ ⺆ ߢߪ‫ޔ‬೨ㅀߩࡃࠫࡖ࡯߿ࡈ࡜࡯࠻ߣ޿ߞߚ࡛ ࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄੱ᧲ᵗቇ⠪ߩᬺ❣߿‫޿ߣ࡯࡝ࡈ࠲ࠬࠗޔ‬





(c)(d)(f)(h)ߩࠃ߁ߥ‫⷗ߪߣࡓ࡯ࡑࠗ߇࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨޔ‬ ߥߒߡ޿ߥ޿ੱ‛߇‫ߦޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬฽߹ࠇࠆ ߣ޿߁໧㗴߇⊒↢ߒߚߩߪߎߩߚ߼ߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ޕ‬ ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ ‫ޡ‬ኅ♽࿑‫ ⺆ࠕࡆ࡜ࠕߩޢ‬㧔⾗ᢱ㧞㧕ߪ‫ޔ‬

ߞߚฎౖࠕ࡜ࡆࠕ࿾ℂᦠߩᵈ㉼ᦠ[de Goeje 1870]

ߤߩࠃ߁ߦߒߡ‫ޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬ 㧔⾗ᢱ㧝㧕߳ߣᄌ

߿‫ޔ‬Bergmann (1876)߿ Tiesenhausen (1875)ߥߤߩ

⽩ࠍㆀߍߚߩߢ޽ࠈ߁߆‫ޕ‬ ‫ޔߪޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬ᒰ

ฎ㌛ቇߦଐ᜚ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ߊోߪߦ࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨޔ‬ଐ᜚

ὼߩߎߣߥ߇ࠄ‫ࡦ࡯ࡑࠝޔ‬໧㗴ߦ߅ߌࠆࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ

ߒߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬20 ਎♿ೋ㗡ߦ࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄߢⴕࠊࠇߚ

࿖ߩᱜ⛔ᕈࠍⵣઃߌࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߦ૞ᚑߐࠇߚߣ

⎇ⓥߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫࡯࠳ࡦ࡜ࡘࠫޔ‬ᣖߣ࠙ࡑ࡯࡜ᣖࠍ

⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᱜ⛔ᕈߣߪ‫ࡦ࡯ࡑࠝޔ‬࿾ၞ߇ࠗ

ห৻ⷞߔࠆ⺑߇޽ࠆ‫ޔߪ࠷࡞ࡢࡘࠪ߫߃଀ޕ‬10 ਎

ࡑ࡯ࡓߦࠃߞߡㅪ⛯⊛ߦᡰ㈩ߐࠇߡ߈ߚߣ޿߁ᱧ

♿ߩࠕ࡜ࡉ࿾ℂቇ⠪ߢ޽ࠆࠗࠬ࠲ࡈ࡝࡯߇ࠝࡑ࡯

ผߦࠃߞߡᜂ଻ߐࠇࠆ‫ޔ߼ߚߩߎޕ‬ 㧔ࠕ㧕ࠩࡦࡃ࠙

ࡦḧߦᶋ߆߱ࠠ࡯ࠪࡘፉߩኻጯߦ̌࠙ࡑ࡯࡜ᶏጯ

࡞ߩኅ♽࿑ߦ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ㕖ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓߩᡰ㈩⠪ߩሽ࿷

߽ߒߊߪࠫࡘ࡜ࡦ࠳࡯ᶏጯߣߒߡ⍮ࠄࠇࠆ̍[de

ࠍน⢻ߥ㒢ࠅ㓝⭁ߒ‫ޔ‬ 㧔ࠗ㧕ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓߩᡰ㈩߇ㅪ⛯

Goeje :I 105-106]࿾ၞ߇޽ࠆߣ⸥ߒߚߎߣࠍᩮ᜚

ߒߡ޿ߚࠃ߁ߦ⷗ߖࠆ‫߁޿ߣޔ‬ੑߟߩᣇ㊎ߦᴪߞ

ߦ‫ޔ‬ห࿾ၞߦ޽ࠆߣߐࠇߚ̌ࠗࡉࡦ࡮࠙ࡑ࡯࡜ⷐ

ߡᡷᄌ߇ߥߐࠇߚߣផ᷹ߐࠇࠆ‫࡛)࠙(ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬

Ⴇ̍[ibid 34]ࠍࠫࡘ࡜ࡦ࠳࡯ᣖߩ߽ߩߣ⺑᣿ߔࠆߥ

࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄ஥⾗ᢱߦଐ᜚ߒߚ∥〔ࠍ㓝⭁ߔࠆ‫޿ߣޔ‬

ߤ‫࡯࠳ࡦ࡜ࡘࠫޔ‬ᣖߣ࠙ࡑ࡯࡜ᣖࠍห৻ⷞߒߚ

߁ߎߣ߇ⴕࠊࠇߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫⾗ޔ߫߃଀ޕ‬ᢱ㧞

[Schwarz : 77]‫ ╙ޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬3 ┨ߢ⚫੺ߒߚࠫ

ߩ(l) Bannj WajƯh ߩ㗄⋡߇ߘߩ⋥೨ߩ MƗlik b. ‘AlƯ

ࡘ࡜ࡦ࠳࡯ᣖߣ࠙ࡑ࡯࡜ᣖߩᷙห㧔⾗ᢱ㧝ߩ(a)㧕

al-HawƗli㧔⾗ᢱ㧞ߩ(k)㧕ߣᐕઍ⊛ߦㅪ⛯ߒߡ޿ߥ 

ߪ‫ߦ࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨޔ‬ଐ᜚ߒߚ߽ߩߢߪߥߊ‫ޔ‬20 ਎♿

޿ߎߣߪ਄⸥㧔ࠗ㧕ߩⷰὐ߆ࠄ໧㗴ߣߥࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬

ೋ㗡ߩ࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄߦ߅ߌࠆḧጯผ⎇ⓥࠍ෻ᤋߒߡ

Bannj WajƯh ߣᐕઍ߇ㄭ޿ RƗshid b. al-WalƯd㧔⾗ᢱ

޿ࠆࠩࡦࡃ࠙࡞ࠍߘߩ߹߹េ↪ߒߚߚ߼ߦ⊒↢ߒ

㧞ߩ(i)㧕ߩᓟߦᝌ౉ߐࠇߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬㓙‫ޔ‬ ‫ޟ‬ᅛ㓮‫⸥ߣޠ‬

ߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬

ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ Nœfi‘㧔⾗ᢱ㧞ߩ(m)㧕߇ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓߩ࿾

৻ᣇߢ‫ޡ‬ኅ♽࿑‫ޔߪߢ ⺆ࠕࡆ࡜ࠕߩޢ‬ේౖߢ

૏ߦ޽ࠆߩߪਇㆡಾߥߩߢ೥㒰ߐࠇߚߩߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ޕ‬

޽ࠆࡈ࡜ࡦࠬ⺆ ߦߪߥ޿ࠨ࡯࡝ࡒ࡯߿ࠗࡉࡦ㨯

ߎࠇߦࠃࠅ‫ ߩ࡞࠙ࡃࡦࠩޔ‬Bannj WajƯh ߩ㗄⋡ߩ 3

ࠕ࡞ࠕࠬࠖ࡯࡞ߣ޿ߞߚࠕ࡜ࡆࠕ⺆ผᢱߩౖ᜚߇

ฬਛߩ 2 ฬ߇ RƗshid b. al-WalƯd ߦ⛯޿ߡ‫࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬

⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޔߒߛߚޕ‬ᣂߚߦㅊടߐࠇߚౖ

ࡓ৻ⷩ‫⸥ߦޠ‬タߐࠇߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧔⾗ᢱ㧝ߩ(c)㧕 ‫ޕ‬

᜚ߪ‫ੱࠆ޿ߡࠇߐ⸥ߦ ⺆ࠬࡦ࡜ࡈޔ‬ฬߣหߓੱ

߹ߚ‫ޔ‬ ‫ޡ‬ኅ♽࿑‫ ߩޢ‬Bannj NabhƗn㧔⾗ᢱ㧞ߩ(n)㧕ߩ

ฬ߇ࠨ࡯࡝ࡒ࡯߿ࠗࡉࡦ㨯ࠕ࡞ࠕࠬࠖ࡯࡞ߩ⸥ㅀ

㗄⋡ߪ‫ޔ‬The Rule of Bannj NabhƗn㧔⾗ᢱ㧞ߩ(j)㧕ߣ

ߦ⷗಴ߐࠇ‫⸥ߩߘޔ‬ㅀㇱಽ߇ౖ᜚ߣߒߡㅊടߐࠇ

޿߁㗄⋡߇޽ࠆߩߢ‫ߦߎߘޔ‬⒖േߐࠇߚ㧔 㧔ࠗ㧕ߩ

ߚߦㆊ߉ߕ‫⺆ࠕࡆ࡜ࠕߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬ผᢱߩ⸥ㅀౝኈ

ㆡ↪㧕 ‫ߩߘޕ‬㓙‫ޔ‬The Rule of Bannj NabhƗn ߩ㗄⋡ߩ

ߣߩ৻⥌ߪోߊ⠨ᘦߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޡ߽ߘ߽ߘޕ‬ኅ

ᓟߦ⸥ߐࠇߡ޿ߚ MƗlik b. ‘AlƯ al-HawƗlƯ㧔⾗ᢱ㧞 

♽࿑‫ޔߪ ⺆ࠬࡦ࡜ࡈߩޢ‬ਛ᧲ࠗࠬ࡜࡯ࡓ⻉₺ᦺ

ߩ(k)㧕߇‫߹߹ߩߘޔ‬ᱷߐࠇߡ Bannj NabhƗn ߩ㗄⋡

ߩᡰ㈩⠪ߩ♽⼆ࠍขࠅ߹ߣ߼ߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ࡑࠝޕ‬

ߩᦨᓟߦ⚿วߐࠇߚߣ⠨߃ࠆߣ‫⾗ޔ‬ᢱ㧝ߩ(e)ߩ໧

࡯ࡦ࿾ၞߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬෼㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆੱ‛ߪࠗࡑ

㗴ߩ⊒↢ࠍ⺑᣿ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬ ‫ޡ‬ኅ♽࿑‫ ߩޢ‬Ɩl Bnj

࡯ࡓߦ㒢ቯߐࠇߕ‫ࡦ࡯ࡑࠝޔ‬࿾ၞߩ᦭ജ⠪߇ขࠅ

Sa‘Ưd in Muscat and Zanzibar㧔⾗ᢱ㧞ߩ(p)㧕ߣ޿߁

߹ߣ߼ࠄࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ߩߎޔ‬ᣇ㊎ߪࠨ࡯࡝ࡒ࡯ࠍౖ᜚

㗄⋡ߪࠬ࡞࠲ࡦ࿖ߩᡰ㈩ኅ♽ߢ޽ࠆࡉ࡯㨯ࠨࠗ࡯

ߦട߃ߚࠕ࡜ࡆࠕ⺆ ߢ߽౒ㅢߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚߩߎޕ‬

࠼ኅߩฬࠍ᣿⸒ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆߩߢ‫ߪߕ߹ޔ‬㗄⋡

߼‫߇࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨߣ޿ߥߪߢࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޔ‬ਥᒛߔࠆੱ

ฬ߇೥㒰ߐࠇߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᰴߦ‫ߩࡖࠪ࡞ࡍޔ‬ᡰ㈩߆ࠄ

‛߇฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆߩ߽ᒰὼߩߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬

ࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ࿾ၞࠍ⸃᡼ߒߚ⧷㓶ߣߒߡ⍮ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ

‫ޡ‬ኅ♽࿑‫߳ޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ߇ ⺆ࠕࡆ࡜ࠕߩޢ‬

Ahmad㧔⾗ᢱ㧞ߩ(q)㧕ߣ‫ߚ߹ޔ‬ 19 ਎♿ඨ߫ߦࠗ 

ߣᵹ↪ߐࠇߚߚ߼‫ߩ࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨޔ‬ᱧผⷰߣߩਇ৻

ࡑ࡯ࡓ೙ࠍᓳᵴߐߖߚ㊀ⷐੱ‛ߣߒߡ‘AzzƗn㧔⾗

⥌߇↢ߓߚߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬3 ┨ߢ⚫੺ߒߚ⾗ᢱ㧝ߩ

ᢱ㧞ߩ(r)㧕ࠍᱷߒ‫ ߩߎޔ‬2 ฬએᄖߩࡉ࡯㨯ࠨࠗ࡯࠼

  





ኅߩੱ‛߇ోߡ೥㒰ߐࠇߚ㧔 㧔ࠕ㧕ߩㆡ↪㧕‫ߩߘޕ‬

ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ‫⃻ޔ‬࿾ߩ৻ᰴผᢱߦߪၮߠ޿ߡ޿

ᓟ‫ ޿ߥ޿ߡࠇߐ⸥ߪߦ࡞࠙ࡃࡦࠩޔ‬20 ਎♿ߩࠗࡑ

ߥ޿ߎߣ߇್᣿ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

࡯ࡓ㆐㧔SƗlim ߣ Muhammad ߣ GhƗlib㧕߇ㅊടߐ 

 ‫ޔߪޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬ ‫ޡ‬ኅ♽࿑‫ࠍޢ‬ᡷᄌߒߚ߽ߩ

ࠇߚߣ⠨߃ࠆߣ‫⾗ޔ‬ᢱ㧝ߩ(h)ߩ໧㗴ߩ⊒↢ࠍ⺑᣿

ߢ޽ࠆߦ߽߆߆ࠊࠄߕ‫ޔ‬ ‫ౖߩޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬᜚ߣ

ߢ߈ࠆ‫ ߦޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ߽ߘ߽ߘޔߚ߹ޕ‬The

ߒߡࠩࡦࡃ࠙࡞ߩฬߪ㓝⭁ߐࠇ‫⺆ࠕࡆ࡜ࠕޔ‬ผᢱ

Imams of Oman㧔⾗ᢱ㧝ߩ(g)㧕ߣ޿߁㗄⋡߇ሽ࿷

ߦଐ᜚ߒߚࠃ߁ߥ૕ⵙ߇૞ࠅ਄ߍࠄࠇߚ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬

ߔࠆߎߣߪ‫ࠇߎޔ‬એᄖߩ㗄⋡߇ࠝࡑ࡯ࡦߩࠗࡑ࡯

ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖੐ോᚲߦࠃࠆ᣿ࠄ߆ߥᱧผผᢱߩ‫ޟ‬᝘

ࡓߢߪߥ޿ߎߣࠍ฽ᗧߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᄸᅱߢ޽ࠆ‫ߎޕ‬

ㅧ‫ޔࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕࠆ޽ߢޠ‬න⚐ߦ‫ޟ‬᝘ㅧ‫ߒߣޠ‬

ߩ㗄⋡ߪ‫ޔ‬ ‫ޡ‬ኅ♽࿑‫․ߊࠄߘ߅ߡ޿߅ߦޢ‬ቯߩ♽⼆

ߡߎߩผᢱࠍㅌߌߕߦ‫ޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟߪߢߎߎޔ‬

㓸࿅ߣߒߡ߹ߣ߼ࠆߎߣ߇಴᧪ߥ޿ߣ್ᢿߐࠇߡ

߇ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖ߩ⥄Ꮖ⴫⽎ߩᒻᚑㆊ⒟ࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔ

ขࠅ߹ߣ߼ࠄࠇߚࠗࡑ࡯ࡓߩࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߢ޽ࠅ㧔⾗

ࠆ⒘᦭ߥผᢱߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍᜰ៰ߒߡ߅߈ߚ޿‫ߔޕ‬

ᢱ㧞ߩ(o)㧕 ‫ޔ‬ ‫ߩઁࠍࠇߎߡ޿߅ߦޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬

ߥࠊߜ‫ޔ‬ ‫⾗⺑⸒ޔߪޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬Ḯ߇࿶ୟ⊛ߦ

㗄⋡ߦᝌ౉ߔࠆߎߣ߇࿎㔍߹ߚߪᾘ㔀ߢ޽ߞߚߚ

ᰳᅤߒߚ⁁ᘒߢ⥄Ꮖ⴫⽎ࠍⴕ߅߁ߣߒߚࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ

߼ߦ‫߹߹ߩߘޔ‬᡼⟎ߐࠇߚߩ߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬

࿖ߦࠃࠆ‫৻ޔ‬⒳ߩࡉ࡝ࠦ࡜࡯ࠫࡘ[ᄥ↰ 2001]ߣ⷗

⾗ᢱ㧞ߦ⸥ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄ⻉⸒⺆ߩౖ᜚߿‫ޔ‬

ߥߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޕ‬࿖஥ߪࠗࠡ࡝ࠬァߩ

ᵈ㧡ߦ⸥ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ࠺ࠖ࡞ࡂࡓ⎬⽻߇ࠛ࡞ࡒ࠲࡯

ⓨ῜߆ࠄㅏࠇߡ๟ㄝ⻉࿖ߦ੐ോᚲࠍ㐿⸳ߒߚߦߔ

ࠫࡘ⟤ⴚ㙚ߩ෼㓸ຠߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߪ㓝⭁ߐࠇ

߉ߕ‫ᧄޔ‬Ⓜ╙ੑ┨ߢ⚫੺ߒߚ৻ᰴผᢱߪᧂ಴ ߢ

㧔⾗ᢱ㧝ߩᵈ㧡㧕 ‫ޡ߽ߘ߽ߘߚ߹ޔ‬ኅ♽࿑‫ߦޢ‬ၮߠ

޽ࠅ‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޔ‬೙ߩᱧผ⎇ⓥ߽߶ߣࠎߤⴕࠊࠇߡ

޿ߡ޿ࠆߎߣ⥄૕߇㓝⭁ߐࠇߚ㧔 㧔࠙㧕ߩㆡ↪㧕 ‫ޕ‬

޿ߥ߆ߞߚߚ߼ߦ‫⥄ޔ‬࿖ߩሽ࿷ࠍ⸽᣿ߒ‫ޔ‬਎⇇ߦ

ߎߩࠃ߁ߥᡷᄌㆊ⒟ࠍᗐቯߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ ‫ޡ‬ኅ♽࿑‫ࠄ߆ޢ‬

⸷߃ࠆᚻᲑߣߒߡ⥄ࠄߩᱧผࠍ᭴▽ߔࠆߚ߼ߩ⸒

‫ߩ߳ޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬ᄌኈㆊ⒟߇߶߷᣿ࠄ߆ߣߥ

⺑⾗Ḯࠍᱴߤ᦭ߒߡ޿ߥ߆ߞߚ‫ߢߎߘޕ‬೑↪ߐࠇ

ࠆ‫ޕ‬

ߚߩ߇‫ޔ‬ᣢߦੱฬ߇࡝ࠬ࠻ൻߐࠇ‫ߩ⺆ࠕࡆ࡜ࠕޔ‬ ౖ᜚߽૬⸥ߐࠇߡ޿ߚ‫ޡ‬ኅ♽࿑‫ ⺆ࠕࡆ࡜ࠕߩޢ‬ ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޕ‬࿖੐ോᚲߦࠃࠆࠩࡦࡃ࠙࡞ߩ

5. ⚿⺰ ߎࠇ߹ߢߩಽᨆࠍ߹ߣ߼ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬એਅߩࠃ߁ߦߥ

‫ޡ‬ኅ♽࿑‫ߩޢ‬ᡷᄌߣ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᡷᄌࠍ㓝⭁ߒࠃ߁ߣߒ ߚⴕὑߪ‫⾗⺑⸒ޔ‬Ḯ߇ਲߒ޿⁁ᴫߦ߅޿ߡ⥄Ꮖߩ

ࠆ‫ޕ‬

ሽ࿷ࠍਥᒛߒࠃ߁ߣߒߚ৻⒳ߩᚢⴚߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ‫ࡑࠗޟ‬

 61 ੱ⺑ߪ‫ޔ‬࿖ㅪߩࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ໧㗴ߩ⼏⺰ߢߪ 1960

࡯ࡓ৻ⷩ‫ⴕߩߘߪޠ‬ὑࠍ᣿⍎ߦᶋ߆߮਄߇ࠄߖߡ

ᐕߦᆎ߼ߡ⊓႐ߒ‫ ߪࠇߎޔ‬AIC ߩࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻(2)

޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬නߥࠆ‫ޟ‬᝘ㅧ‫ߚࠇߐޠ‬ผᢱߢߪߥ

߆ࠄ‫ ߦߢߔޔ‬1957 ᐕߦሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ߚߎߣ߇⏕⹺ߐ

ߊ‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޔ‬࿖ߩ⥄Ꮖ⴫⽎ߩ᭴▽ㆊ⒟ࠍᶋ߆߮਄

ࠇࠆ‫߷߶ޕ‬หᤨᦼߦ಴ ߐࠇߚ AIC ߩࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶

߇ࠄߖࠆᦨ⦟ߩผᢱߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

࠻(1)ߣߩ㆑޿ࠍಽᨆߔࠆߣ‫(ޔ‬2)ߦ෼㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ Annex II ߩ⾗ᢱ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬AIC ߇ࠕ࡜ࡉㅪ⋖ࠍㅢߓߡ ࠞࠗࡠ㨯ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖੐ോᚲ߆ࠄᖱႎឭଏࠍฃߌߡ

1

޿ߚน⢻ᕈ߇㜞ߊ‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗ࡮ࡠࠗࠞߚ߹ޔ‬࿖੐ോ

Nations A/SPC/SR.255]‫ౖߊోߪߡ޿ߟߦࠇߎޔ‬᜚ࠄߒ߈

ᚲ⊒ⴕߩࡄࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠻㧔(A)(B)㧕એᄖߦᱧઍࠗࡑ

߽ߩ߇⷗ᒰߚࠄߥ޿ߚ߼‫ᧄޔ‬Ⓜߩ⠨ኤߩኻ⽎ᄖߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

࡯ࡓ߇ 61 ฬߢ޽ߞߚߎߣࠍ␜ߔหᤨᦼߩ⾗ᢱ߇

2

ࠝࡑ࡯ࡦ໧㗴ߩ⚻✲ߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫᧻ޔ‬የ(2007)ࠍෳᾖ‫ޕ‬

ሽ࿷ߒߥ޿ߎߣ߆ࠄ‫⾗ޔ‬ᢱ(A)(B)ߩ‫৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬

3

ߎࠇࠄߩೀⴕ‛ߩਛߢ‫ޔ‬1960 ᐕ߹ߢߦ Information

ⷩ‫ ߇ޠ‬61 ੱ⺑ߩḮᴰߢ޽ࠆߣ⚿⺰ઃߌࠄࠇࠆ‫ߎޕ‬

Papers ߇ no.1 ߆ࠄ no.14 ߹ߢ‫ޔ‬Document Collections ߇

ߩ‫ࡦ࡯ࡑࠝߣࠆߔ⷗৻ޔߪޠⷩ৻ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޟ‬࿾ၞ

no.1 ߆ࠄ no.3 ߹ߢ‫ޔ‬Digest Papers ߇ no.1 ߆ࠄ no.5 ߹ߢ

ߩ৻ᰴผᢱߢ޽ࠆࠨ࡯࡝ࡒ࡯ߩ‫ޡ‬ฬ૞‫ߦޢ‬ଐ᜚ߒ

⊒ⴕߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫⚗࠭ࠛࠬޔ‬੎߿ࠕ࡞ࠫࠚ࡝ࠕ໧㗴‫࡟ࡄޔ‬

ߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߥ૕ⵙࠍណߞߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦߪࡈ࡜

ࠬ࠴࠽/ࠗࠬ࡜ࠛ࡞໧㗴ߥߤࠍขࠅᛒߞߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬

ࡦࠬੱߩࠩࡦࡃ࠙࡞߇૞ᚑߒߚ‫ޡ‬ኅ♽࿑‫ࠍޢ‬ᡷᄌ

4

หߓ࿖ㅪߦ߅޿ߡ 85 ੱ⺑߽ਥᒛߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇[United

Treaty of Seeb㧔޽ࠆ޿ߪ Sib㧕ߣ๭߫ࠇ‫ޔ‬࿷ࡑࠬࠞ࠻࡮











ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬ᡽ോቭߩખ੺ߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬1920 ᐕߦࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖ߣ

ߦᷰߞߡ಴ ᵴേࠍㅢߓߡࠕ࡜ࡉ᳃ᣖਥ⟵ㆇേ‫࡜ࠬࠗޔ‬

ࠬ࡞࠲ࡦ࿖ߩ㑆ߢᚑ┙ߒߚ๺ᐔ᧦⚂ߣߐࠇࠆ‫ࠬ࡝ࠡࠗޕ‬

࡯ࡓᓳ⥝ㆇേߦりࠍᛩߓߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖੐ോᚲ߇

஥ߪߎࠇࠍࠬ࡞࠲ࡦ߇ࠬ࡞࠲ࡦ࿖ౝㇱߩਥⷐㇱᣖߩㇱ

ࠞࠗࡠߦ㐿⸳ߐࠇߚ㓙ߦߪ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᚲ㐳ࠍോ߼ߚ

ᣖ㐳ߦ⥄ᴦࠍᛚ⹺ߒߚวᗧ Agreement ߢ޽ࠆߣߒ‫ޔ‬࿖

[ϲϠϛέΰϟ΍:vol.1 73][ϲϤϋΎΑΎΑ: vol.2 24-25]‫ޕ‬

㓙ᴺߣߒߡߪ⹺߼ߥ߆ߞߚ[᧻የ 71-72]‫ޕ‬

13

5

Obdahites ߪ‫ޔ‬ ߅ߘࠄߊ Obadhites ߩ⸥ㅀ㑆㆑޿ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

FO 371/126908 from British Residency, Bahrain, August

9, 1957, to Foreign Office. ‫ޢᦠߩ࡞ࡃࠗޡ‬ήΒόϟ΍ ߪ‫ࡦࡉࠗޔ‬㨯ࡂ࡞࠼࠘࡯ࡦߦࠃࠆ

ࠗࡃ࡯࠼ᵷߪࠕ࡜ࡆࠕ⺆ߢߪϲοΎΑ·㧔ibƗdƯ㧕߽ߒߊߪϲοΎΑ΃

14

(abƗdƯ㧕ߣ⸥ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ν (d㧕㖸ߪ⧷⺆ߢߪ dh ߣ⸥ߐࠇࠆ

ࠗࠬ࡜࡯ࡓ਎⇇ߩᱧผᦠߢ޽ࠅ‫ࡦ࡯ࡑࠝޔ‬࿾ၞߩᱧผ߇

ߎߣ߇ᄙ޿‫ޔ߼ߚߩߎޕ‬Ibadhi ߦធየㄉ-ite ࠍઃߒ‫⧷ޔ‬

ㇱಽ⊛ߦ⸒෸ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬

⺆ߢߪߒ߫ߒ߫ Ibadhites ߣ⸥ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬

15

6

ߥ߅‫(ޔ‬3-1)ߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬2 ⇟⋡ߩ⪺⠪ฬߪ Ism Kabbani

ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ㨯࡝ࠬ࠻ߦߪᦠฬߪ᣿⸥ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿߇‫߅ޔ‬

ߘࠄߊࠗࡉࡦ㨯ࠕ࡞ࠕࠬࠖ࡯࡞ߩ‫ޡ‬ቢผ‫ޢ‬ΦϳέΎΘϟ΍ ϞϣΎϛ ࠍᜰ

ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ߇‫(ޔ‬3-2)ߢߪ Issam Kabbani ߣ⸥タߐࠇ

ߔߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬

ߡ޿ࠆ‫ᧄޕ‬Ⓜᧃߩᢥ₂࡝ࠬ࠻ߦߪ‫(ޔ‬3-2)ߦ୮ߞߡ⸥タ

16

ߒߚ‫ޕ‬

ߩᗧ㧕 ‫ߢޠ‬ㅪ⚿ߐߖࠆߎߣߢᒻᚑߐࠇࠆ‫ߦ․ޔ߅ߥޕ‬㊀

7

หᦠߦ෼㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆᖱႎߢᣂߒ޿߽ߩߣߒߡ‫߃଀ޔ‬

ⷐߢߪߥ޿ߥߤߩℂ↱ߢ೥㒰ߐࠇࠆੱ‛߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆߚ

߫ 1958 ᐕ 12 ᦬ߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎ[ϲϤϟΎδϟ΍ 1998: 79]‫ࡘࠫࡅޔ‬

߼‫ੱߩߡోߦ⼆♽ޔ‬ฬ߇⃻ࠇࠆࠊߌߢߪߥ޿‫ᦨߩ⼆♽ޕ‬

࡜ᱧ 1380 ᐕࠪࡖࠕࡃ࡯ࡦ᦬㧔⷏ᥲ 1961 ᐕ 1 ᦬㧕ߩᖱ

ᓟߦ⃻ࠇࠆ߽ߩ߇୘ੱ࡮৻ᣖ߇ᚲዻߔࠆ᳁ᣖࠍᜰߔ‫ᧄޕ‬

ႎ[ϲϤϟΎδϟ΍ 1998: 411]ߥߤ߇޽ࠆ‫ޔ߼ߚߩߎޕ‬หᦠߪ 1961

ᢥߦ␜ߒߚ♽⼆ߦᓥ߃߫‫࠙ࠬࡑ࡮ࡦࡉ࡮࡯࠳ࡦ࡜ࡘࠫޔ‬

ᐕએ㒠ߦ಴ ߐࠇߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬

࡯࠼ߪ‫ߦޠࠬࡓࡖࠪ࡮ࡦࡉ࡮࡜ࠖ࠙ࠕࡑޟ‬ዻߔࠆߣ್ᢿ

8

ࠨࠗࠗ࠼㧔ࠕ࡜ࡆࠕ⺆ߢߪቯ౰⹖ࠍઃߒߡࠕ࠶ࠨࠗࠗ

࠼Ϊϴδϟ΍ߣ⸥ߐࠇࠆ߇‫ߪߢߎߎޔ‬ᘠ଀ߦߒߚ߇ߞߡቯ౰⹖

ࠕ࡜ࡉߩ♽⼆ߪ‫ޔ‬ῳሶߘࠇߙࠇߩฬࠍ‫ࡦࡉޟ‬㧔̌ᕷሶ̍

ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬ 17

Wilkinson (1977)߇ࠫࡘ࡜ࡦ࠳࡯ᣖߣ࠙ࡑ࡯࡜ᣖߩ㑐

ࠍ㒰޿ߡ⴫⸥ߔࠆ㧕ߣߪ‫ࠍ࠻ࠞࠬࡑޔ‬ᡰ㈩ߒߚࡉ࡯࡮ࠨ

ଥߦߟ޿ߡ⹦⚦ߥ⺑᣿ࠍ⹜ߺߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬

ࠗ࡯࠼ኅߩ᭴ᚑຬߦኻߒߡ㒢ቯߒߡ↪޿ࠄࠇࠆ⒓ภߣ

18

ߒߡᐢߊฃኈߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇‫᦭ߪ᧪ᧄޔ‬ജ⠪ో⥸ߦኻߒߡ

ᱧผᦠߩਛߢߎߩੱ‛ࠍࠕࡈࡑ࠼࡮ࡉࡦ࡮ࠨ࠙࡞㧔߽ߒ

↪޿ࠄࠇࠆዅ⒓ߢ޽ࠆ‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗޕ‬૏ߦዞ߆ߥ߆ߞߚࡑࠬ

ߊߪࠬ࡯࡞㧕ߣ⸥ߒߡ߅ࠅ[ϱΩϮόδϤϟ΍ : vol.4 275]‫ߪࠇߎޔ‬

ࠞ࠻ߩᱧઍᡰ㈩⠪ߩኅ♽߇ߎߩዅ⒓ࠍ㗫❥ߦ↪޿ߚߚ

ࠗࠬ࡜࡯ࡓ਎⇇ࠍઍ⴫ߔࠆᱧผኅߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬10 ਎♿ߦᵴ

߼‫࠼࡯ࠗࠨ࡮࡯ࡉޔ‬ኅߩ⒓ภߣห৻ⷞߐࠇߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ

べߒߚ࠲ࡃ࡝࡯߽ห᭽ߢ޽ࠆ‫[ޕ‬ϱήΒτϟ΍ : vol.8 612]‫ࠇߎޕ‬

ࠆ‫[ޕ‬Matsuo]

ߦኻߒߡ‫࡞࡯ࡉޟߚߒ⸥߇࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨޔ‬έϮΑ䬅 ߪ‫ޟ‬ᖡ‫߿ޠ‬

9

଀߃߫‫ ߪ࡯ࡑ࡝ࡠޔ‬17 ਎♿એ㒠ߩࠗࡑ࡯ࡓߒ߆⸒෸

‫ޟ‬ᱷ⯦‫ࠍޠ‬ᗧ๧ߒ[ϲϧϮΗήθϟ΍ : vol.1 67][Lane : vol.1 274]‫ޔ‬

ߖߕ[Lorimer :I 397-]‫ ߽࠭࡞ࠗࡑߚ߹ޔ‬8 ਎♿߆ࠄࠗࡑ࡯

ࠨ࡯࡝ࡒ࡯߇ߎߩ੐ઙߩᱷ⯦ᕈࠍ⹶ᒛߔࠆߚ߼ߦߟߌ

ࡓ೙ߩᱧผߦߟ޿ߡ⸒෸ߔࠆ߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬୘‫ࡓ࡯ࡑࠗߩੱޘ‬

ߚฬ೨ߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬

10 ਎♿ߩࠕ࡜ࡉੱ⪺ㅀኅࡑࠬ࠙࡯࠺ࠖ࡯ߪ‫ߩ⪺⥄ޔ‬

ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ 17 ਎♿એ㒠ߦ㓸ਛߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬61 ฬߣ޿߁ੱ ᢙࠍዉ߈಴ߔߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ห᭽ߦ‫ ߽ࠬࡠޔ‬1728 ᐕ એ㒠ߪขࠅᛒߞߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬

ᢥ₂࡝ࠬ࠻

10

Aitchison, G. H. 1933. A Collection of Treaties, Engagements

଀߃߫‫ ╙ߛ޿⛮ࠍ࡯࠳ࡦ࡜ࡘࠫߪ࡯ࡒ࡝࡯ࠨޔ‬2 ઍ

ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓߣߒߡࠪࡖࡆ࡯ࡉ࡮ࡉࡦ࡮ࠕ࠹ࠖ࡯ࡗߩฬ೨ࠍ ᜼ߍࠆ߇‫ޔ‬หᤨߦߎߩੱ‛߇ࠗࡑ࡯ࡓߢߪߥ߆ߞߚߣ޿ ߁ᖱႎ߽૬⸥ߒߡ޿ࠆ[ϲϤϟΎδϟ΍ 2000: vol.1 104]‫ޕ‬

and Sanads, Delhi. Arab Information Center. 1957?. The British-Omanite Conflict, New York: Arab Information Center.

11

FO 371/126892 Minute of H. Beeley, December 16, 1957.

1957. The Status of Oman and the British Omanite

12

ࠕࡉ࡯㨯ࠗࠬࡂ࡯ࠢ㨯ࠗࡉ࡜࡯ࡅ࡯ࡓ࡮ࠕ࠻ࡈࠔࠗࡗ

Dispute: An analysis based on official documents, New

ࠪࡘߪ‫࠼࡯ࡃࠗߩࠕ࡝ࠚࠫ࡞ࠕޔ‬ᵷࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ߇ሽ࿷ ߔࠆࡓࠩࡉߩ಴りߢ‫࡜ࡈߢࠕࠫ࠾ࡘ࠴߿ࠕ࡝ࠚࠫ࡞ࠕޔ‬ ࡦࠬߩᬀ᳃࿾ᡰ㈩ߦᛶ᛫ߒߚᓟ‫ޔ‬1920 ᐕઍߦࠛࠫࡊ࠻

York: The Arab Information Center.  1958. British Imperialism in Southern Arabia (Information Papers 6), New York: The Arab Information Center.

 

 1959. Digest of Major Arab Issues, New York: Arab Information Center. New York: The Arab Information Center. of Oman, London: Darf Publishers Limited. von,

1876.

“Zur

Revue belge du numismatique, vol.31. United Nations. A/SPC/SR.255. 1960. Special Political

Badger, G. P. 1986 (1871). History of the Imams and Seyyids E.

Geographical Journal, October-December. Tiesenhausen, 1875. “Mélanges de numismatique orientale”,

1960. The Question of Oman (Information Papers 13),

Bergmann,





Committee, 255th meeting, United Nations General Assembly sixteenth session. New York.

muhammedanischen

Munzkunde”, Numismatische Zeitshrift,viii.

A/SPC/SR.258. 1960. Special Political Committee, 258th meeting, United Nations General Assembly sixteenth

Eccles, G. 1927. “The Sultanate of Muscat and Oman, with a description of a journey into the interior undertaken in 1925”, Journal of Central Asian Society, vol. 14, pt.1. El Khatib, M. F., Kabbani, I. 1958. British Aggression Against the Imamate of Oman (Information Papers 6-B),

session. New York. Wilkinson, J.C. 1977. “SuhƗr (Sohar) in the Early Islamic Period: The Written Evidence”, South Asian Archaeology. Zambaur, E. de. 1927. Manuel de genealogie et de chronologie pour l’histoire de l’islam. Hanover.

New York: The Arab Information Center. de Goeje, M. J. 1967 (1870). Viae Regnorum Descriptio Detionis Moslemicae Auctore Abu Ishak al-Farisi al-Istakhri (Bibliotheca geographorum Arabicorum, vol.1),

FO 371/126892 Minute of H. Beeley, December 16, 1957 FO 371/126908 from British Residency, Bahrain, August 9, 1957, to Foreign Office.

Leiden: Brill. Hurat, 1913. Histoire Des Arabes, Paris: Librairie Paul

ϮΒϟ΍ ΓΩΎδϟ΍ Γήϴγ ϲϓ ϦϴΒϤϟ΍ ΢Θϔϟ΍ (n.d.) 1994 .ΪϤΤϣ ϦΑ ΪϴϤΣ ˬϖϳίέ ϦΑ΍ .ϲϴϓΎϘΜϟ΍ ϲϣϮϘϟ΍ϭ Ι΍ήΘϟ΍ Γέ΍ίϭ :ςϘδϣ ˬϦϴϳΪϴόγ

Geuthener. Lane, E W. 1997 (1863) An Arabic-English Lexicon, Beirut:

ˬΔϣϷ΍ έΎΒΧϷ΍ ϊϣΎΠϟ΍ ΔϤϐϟ΍ ϒθϛ . (n.d.)1980.Ϊϴόγ ϦΑ ϥΎΣήλ ˬϱϮϛίϷ΍ .ϲϴϓΎϘΜϟ΍ ϲϣϮϘϟ΍ϭ Ι΍ήΘϟ΍ Γέ΍ίϭ :ςϘδϣ

Librairie du Liban. Lorimer, J. G. 1986 (1908-15). Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf,

ϝϭϷ΍ ϥήϘϟ΍ Ϧϣ ΔϴοΎΑϹ΍ ϡϼϋ΃ ϢΠόϣ .2000 ϰγϮϣ ϦΑ ΪϤΤϣ ˬϲϤϋΎΑΎΑ .ϲϣϼγϻ΍ Ώήϐϟ΍ έ΍Ω :ΕϭήϴΑ ˬήοΎΤϟ΍ ήμόϟ΍ ϰϟ· ϱήΠϬϟ΍

Oman and Central Arabia: Archive Editions. Miles, S. B. 1994 (rep.). The Countries and Tribes of the Persian Gulf, Reading: Garnet Publishing.

Ε΍ήγϷ΍ϭ ΏΎδϧϷ΍ ϢΠόϣ .1951 .ΪϤΣ΍ ϦδΣ ˬΩϮϤΤϣ ϭ ϦδΣ ΪϤΤϣ ϲϛί ˬϚΑ Ω΍Άϓ ΔόϣΎΟ ΔόΒτϣ ˬέϮΒϣ΍ί ϕήθΘδϤϠϟ ϲϣϼγϹ΍ ΦϳέΎΘϟ΍ ϲϓ ΔϤϛΎΤϟ΍

Matsuo M. 2003. “A Study of Titles of Rulers of the Al Bu

.ΓήϫΎϘϟ΍ ϝϭϷ΍

Said Dynasty: Britain’s 19th Century Legitimization of

.ϦϴϴϟΎϤϠϟ ϢϠόϟ΍ έ΍Ω :ΕϭήϴΑ ˬϢΟ΍ήΗ αϮϣΎϗ ϡϼϋϷ΍ .2005 .ϦϳΪϟ΍ήϴΧ ˬϲϠϛέΰϟ΍

Oman’s Dynastic History”‫ޡ‬ᣣᧄਛ᧲ቇળᐕႎ‫ޢ‬no.19-1.

ˬϥΎϤϋ Ϟϫ΃ ΓήϴδΑ ϥΎϴϋϷ΍ ΔΤϔΗ (1927) 2000.ΪϴϤΣ ϦΑ Ϳ΍ ΪΒϋ ,ϲϤϟΎδϟ΍

᧻የ᣽᮸ 2007. ‫ࡦ࡯ࡑࠝޟ‬໧㗴ߣࠗࡑ࡯ࡓ࿖㧦ࠗࡑ࡯ ࡓ࿖ߩ᭴▽ߣᔓළㆊ⒟‫ޠ‬ ‫ޡ‬ቝㇺችᄢቇ࿖㓙ቇㇱ⎇ⓥ⺰ Morris, J. 1957. Sultan in Oman, London: Faber.

ˬΩέ΍Ϯθϟ΍ϭ ΔϴΑήόϟ΍ ΢μϓ ϲϓ Ωέ΍ϮϤϟ΍ Ώήϗ΃.1992.ϱέϮΨϟ΍ Ϊϴόγ ˬϲϧϮΗήθϟ΍

ᄥ↰ᅢା 2001. ‫ޡ‬᳃ᣖ⹹⊛ㄭઍ߳ߩ੺౉ ᢥൻࠍ⺆ࠆ Ross, E. C. 1984. Annals of Oman from early times to the

.ΕΎϋϮΒτϤϠϟ ϲϤϠϋϷ΍ ΔδγΆϣ :ΕϭήϴΑ ˬϙϮϠϤϟ΍ϭ ϢϣϷ΍

Νϭήϣ .(n.d.) 2004 .ϲϠϋ ϦΑ ϦϴδΤϟ΍ ϦΑ ϲϠϋ ϦδΤϟ΍ ϮΑ΃ ˬϱΩϮόδϤϟ΍

year 1728, Cambridge: Oleander. Royal Institute of International Affairs. 1954. The Middle East, a Political and Economic Survey, 2nd ed., London:

.ΔϴϤϠόϟ΍ ΐΘϜϟ΍ έ΍Ω :ΕέϮϴΑ ˬήϫϮΠϟ΍ ϥΩΎόϣϭ ΐϫάϟ΍

κμϗ .(n.d.) 1983 .Ϊη΍έ ϦΑ ήϣΎϋ ϦΑ ΪϤΤϣ ϦΑ ϥΎϤϴϠγ ϮΑ΍ ˬϲϟϮόϤϟ΍ .ϲϴϓΎϘΜϟ΍ ϲϣϮϘϟ΍ϭ Ι΍ήΘϟ΍ Γέ΍ίϭ :ςϘδϣ ˬϥΎϤϋ ϲϓ ΕήΟ έΎΒΧ΃ϭ

Oxford University Press. Schwarz, P. 1910. Iran im Mittelalter nach den arabischen Borderland

.ΓήϫΎϘϟ΍ ˬϥΎϤϋ Ϧϋ ΓάΒϧ .1956a .ϥΎϤϋ ΔϣΎϣ΍ ΐΘϜϣ .ήϫΎϘϟ΍ ˬ(Ώήόϟ΍ ήΤΑ ϰϠϋ) (Ώήόϟ΍ ΓήϳΰΟ ϕήη) ΔϴϣΎϣϻ΍ ϥΎϤϋ .1956b

Geographen, Leipzig: Otto Wigand. “Desert

.ϥΎϨΒϟ ΔΒΘϜϣ :ΕϭήϴΑ

ΦϳέΎΘΑ ϑϭήόϤϟ΍ ϱήΒτϟ΍ ΦϳέΎΗ ˬ1998 .ήϳήΟ ϦΑ ΪϤΤϣ ήϔόΟ ϮΑ΃ ˬϱήΒτϟ΍

ᮭ೑ߪ⺕ߦ޽ࠆߩ߆‫ੱޢ‬ᢥᦠ㒮

1955.

ΔϳήΤΑ ϥΎϴϋϷ΍ ΔπΤϧ (n.d.) 1998 .ΪϴϤΣ ϦΑ Ϳ΍ ΪΒϋ ϦΑ ΪϤΤϣ ˬϲϤϟΎδϟ΍ ϞϴΠϟ΍ έ΍Ω :ΕϭήϴΑ ˬϥΎϤϋ

㓸‫ ╙ޢ‬24 ภ

Thesiger,W.

.έΓήϫΎϘϟ΍

of

Oman”,











  ⾗ᢱ䋱䇭䇸䉟䊙䊷䊛৻ⷩ䇹 (a)

 ⾗ᢱ䋲䇭䇺ኅ♽࿑䇻

Bannj JulandƗ or Bannj ‘UmƗra

Bannj JulandƗ or Bannj ‘UmƗra

(in Oman the capital is Nizwa1)

(Ibadhites in Oman. The capital: Nizwa1)

JulandƗ b. Mas‘njd al-AzdƯ 2

137 about 145 185 192 208 226 237 273 277 284 285 286

vacant period

b. ‘AffƗn al-AzdƯ (b) Muhammad  al-Warith b. Ka‘b al-YahmadƯ  GhassƗn b. ‘AbdullƗh Abd al-Malik b. Humayd al-AzdƯ  MuhannƗ b. Ja‘far al-YahmadƯ  al-Salt b. MƗlik al-AzdƯ  RƗshid b. Nazr  ‘Azzan b. TamƯm Muhammad b. al-Hasan   ‘AzzƗn b. Khadr ‘AbdullƗh b. Muhammad 

al-Salt b. al-QƗsim  Muhammad b. al-Hasan (2nd time)   al-Hasan b. Muhammad   al-HawƗlƯ b. Matraf   ‘Umar b. Muhammad b. Matraf   Muhammad b.YazƯd al-KindƯ  3 MullƗ al-BahrƯ  4 Sa‘Ưd b. ‘AbdullƗh b. Muhammad b. Mahbnjb (d.   328) RƗshid b. al-WalƯd (c) Ynjsf b. WajƯh Muhammad b. Ynjsf b. WajƯh  Abnj Muhammad RadwƗn b. Ja‘far (until 362)  al-KhalƯl b. ShƗzƗn b. al-Salt b. MƗlik al-KharnjsƯ  RƗshid b. Sa‘Ưd (d.446) Hafs b. RƗshid  RƗshid b. ‘AlƯ (d. 446) Abnj JƗdd MnjsƗ b. MnjsƗ (d.569)

(d)

JulandƗ b. Mas‘njd al-AzdƯ 2

135

6

328 334 333/944 about 340 400 ʊ 445 445 ʊ

al-Salt b. al-QƗsim  Muhammad b. al-Hasan (2nd time)   al-Hasan b. Sa‘Ưd  al-HawƗlƯ b. Matraf   ‘Umar b. Muhammad b. Matraf   Muhammad b.YazƯd al-KindƯ  3 MullƗ al-BahrƯ 

Abnj Muhammad RadwƗn b. Ja‘far (until 362) 

Makhznjm b. al-FallƗh (until 809)  (d. 833) (e) MƗlik b. ‘AlƯ al-HawƗlƯ 

4

5

al-KhalƯl b. ShƗzƗn b. al-Salt b. MƗlik al-KharnjsƯ  RƗshid b. Sa‘Ưd (d.446) Hafs b. RƗshid  RƗshid b. ‘AlƯ (d. 446) Abnj JƗbir MnjsƗ b. MnjsƗ (d.549) The Rule of Bannj NabhƗn 549 – 809 (j) (d. 833) (k) MƗlik b. ‘AlƯ al-HawƗlƯ 

6

ʊ 328 about 340 400 ʊ 445 445 ʊ 809

Sources: History of Imâms and Seyyids of Oman by Salîl ibn Razîk (transl. by G. P. Badger, London 1871. Hakluyt - Society Nº XLIV p.CXXV et 407).

(549 – 809/1154 – 1406)

‘ArƗr b. al-FallƗh  Al-Muzaffar b. SulaymƗn (the capital is Maqniyat7  and Bahla)

287 287 287 292 300 ʊ ʊ

(d. Sa‘Ưd b. ‘AbdullƗh b. Muhammad b. Mahbnjb   328) (i) RƗshid b. al-WalƯd

Bannj NabhƗn

al-FallƗh b. al-Muhsin al-NabhƗnƯ 

137 about 145 185 185 208 226 237 273 277 284 285 286

Muhammad b. ‘AffƗn al-AzdƯ  al-WƗrith b. Ka‘b al-YahmadƯ  GhassƗn b. ‘AbdullƗh ‘Abd al-Malik b.Humayd al-AzdƯ  MuhannƗ b. Ja‘far al-YahmadƯ   al-Salt b. MƗlik al-AzdƯ  RƗshid b. Nazar  ‘AzzƗn b. TamƯm Muhammad b. al-Hasan   ‘AzzƗn b. Khadar ‘AbdullƗh b. Muhammad 

287 287 287 292 300 ʊ ʊ ʊ

135 A.H.

vacant period

549

Barthold: Musulmanskia Dynastii, p.284, 285.

ʊ

Bibl. Geogr. A. I., p.26

ʊ

Tiesenhausen: Mélanges de Numismatique Orientale (Revue Num. Belge 1875) p.35, Nº93.

ʊ

Blau Nachlese, II, p.27.

809

Bergmann: Zur Muhammedanischen Münzkunde, (Num. Zeitschr. Vienne 1876. VIII 38). Tornberg: Symbolae, I, III, IV.

(f)

CL. Hurat: Histories des Arabes, II, p.281.

Bannj SƗma in Oman Ahmad b. al-KhalƯl 

about 300

‘Abd al-KhƗtim b. IbrƗhƯm

about 316

Nnjr al-DƯn ‘AbdullƗh b. Humayd al-SƗlimƯ,Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn bi-sƯra ahl ‘UmƗn , 2vols, Cairo, 1350.

(l) (g)

The Imams of Oman

(m) NƗfi‘ (slave of Ynjsf b. WajƯh)

(the capital: Nizwa and Bahla)8

‘ AbdullƗ h b. KhamƯ s b. ‘Ɩmir alAbnj al-Hasan  AzdƯ (d. 21 of Dhnj al-Qa‘da 846)

Bannj WajƯh in Oman Ynjsf b. WajƯh (until 322)

839

Muhammad b. Ynjsf (until around 340) 

ʊ 332 333

 

 ‘Umar b. KhattƗb b. Muhammad b. Ahmad b. ShƗz    Ɨn b. Salt al-YahmadƯ   ‘Umar al-SharƯf Ahmad b. Muhammad  

Abnj al-Hasan b. ‘Abd al-SalƗm  Muhammad b. IsmƗƯl  BarakƗt b. Muhammad b. IsmƗƯl  ‘AbdullƗh b. Muhammad al-HinƗ’Ư  BarakƗt (2nd time)







!"#

855 896 about 897

Sources: A. Markoff: Catalogue - Inventaire Ermitage p.342.

about 905 906 936

Bannj SƗma in Oman Ahmad b. al-KhalƯl  ‘Abd al-Khatim b. IbrƗhƯm

20 Rajab 967

about 300 about 316

968 Sources A. Markoff: Catalogue - Inventaire Ermitage p.341.

Bannj Ya‘rub The capital: al-Rustaq9, Yabrin, al-Hazm

N Ɨ sir b. Murshid b. Sult Ɨ n b. M Ɨ lik b. AbƯ al10 ‘Arab SultƗn b. Sayf b. MƗlik 11  Bal‘arab b. SultƗn b. Sayf  Sayf b. SultƗn b. Sayf (d. 1123)  SultƗn b. Sayf b. SultƗn   MuhannƗ b. SultƗn b. Sayf  Ya‘rub b. Bal‘arab b. SultƗn  Sayf b. SultƗn (2nd time)  Muhammad b. NƗsir b. GhƗfir   Sayf b. SultƗn (3rd time)  SultƗn b. Murshid  Ahmad b. Sa‘Ưd b. Ahmad b. Muhammad al-Bnj Sa   (h)  ‘ƯdƯ ‘AzzƗn b. Qays b. ‘AzzƗn SƗlim b. RƗshid al-KharnjsƯ 

1034

(n)

1059 1079 ʊ 1123 1131 1134 1135 1137 1140 1151

Bannj NabhƗn (the capital: Maqniyat7 and Bahla)

al-FallƗh b. al-Muhsin al-NabhƗnƯ  ‘ArƗr b. al-FallƗh Al-Muzaffar b. SulaymƗn  Makhznjm b. al-FallƗh (until 809)

549 ʊ ʊ ʊ

Sources: Tornberg: ZDMG XI, 547. Bergmann: Zur Moh. Münzkunde, W. N. Z. VIII, 38. Hurat: Histoire des Arabe, II, p.281.

1154 1285 1331/1913

Muhammad b. ‘AbdullƗh b. SƗ‘Ưd b. KhalfƗn al-Khal 1338/1920  GhƗlib b. ‘AlƯ al-HinƗ’Ư (current imam)

Arabic Sources Nnjr al-DƯn ‘AbdullƗh b. Humayd al-SƗlimƯ,Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn bi-sƯra ahl  ‘UmƗn , Cairo, 1325H. Ibn Khaldnjn, al-‘Ibar . 1. He is JulandƗ b. Mas‘njd b. Jayfar b. JulandƗ al-AzdƯ, See Ibn al-AthƯr vol.5, p.270. 2. See Ibn al-AthƯr, vol.8, p.475. 3. See al-SƗlimƯ, Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn bi-sƯra ahl ‘UmƗn, vol.1,  p.229. 4. See al-SƗlimƯ, Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn bi-sƯra ahl ‘UmƗn, vol.1,  p.234. 5. Dirham coins of Hazuw 342-348.

(o)

The Imams of Oman (the capital: Nizwa and Bahla)8

Abnj al-Hasan ‘AbdullƗh b. KhamƯs b. ‘Ɩmir al 839 AzdƯ (d. 21 of‫ޓ‬Dhnj al-Qa‘da 846) ‘Umar b. KhattƗb b. Muhammad b. Ahmad b. ShƗz   855 Ɨn b. Salt al-YahmadƯ   ‘Umar al-SharƯf 896 Ahmad b. Muhammad about 897   Abnj al-Hasan b. ‘Abd al-SalƗm 

about 905

Muhammad b. IsmƗƯl  BarakƗt b. Muhammad b. IsmƗƯl 

906 936

‘AbdullƗh b. Muhammad al-HinƗ’Ư  BarakƗt (2nd time)

20䇭Rajab 967

968

Bannj Ya‘rub The capital: al-Rustaq9, Yabrin, al-Hazm

N Ɨ sir b. Murshid b. Sult Ɨ n b. M Ɨ lik b. AbƯ al‘Arab10 SultƗn b. Sayf b. MƗlik 11  Bal‘arab b. SultƗn b. Sayf  Sayf b. SultƗn b. Sayf (d. 1123)  SultƗn b. Sayf b. SultƗn  

1059 1079 ʊ 1123

Sayf b. SultƗn b. Sayf b. SultƗn  

1131

಴ᚲΔΒΘϜϣϥΎϤϋ1956a. pp.11-15

MuhannƗ b. SultƗn b. Sayf 

1131

ᵈ㧦ේᢥߪࠕ࡜ࡆࠕ⺆‫ ޕ‬C߆ࠄ Jߩࠕ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶࠻ߪଢቱ਄ㅊടߒ ߚ߽ߩߢ‫ޔ‬ේᢥߦߪሽ࿷ߒߥ޿‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᵈ߇৻ⷩਛߦήߊᧃየߩߺ ߦ޽ࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬ේᢥߩ߹߹‫ޕ‬

Ya‘rub b. Bal‘arab b. SultƗn 

1134

Sayf b. SultƗn (2nd time) 

1135

Muhammad b. NƗsir b. GhƗfir  

1137

6. Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn , vol.1, p.243-251.  7. See Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn , vol.1, p.326.  8. See Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn , vol.1, p.341.  9. See Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn , vol.2, p.2.  10. See Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn , vol.2, p.3. 

11. al-SƗmilƯ mentioned in Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn , vol.2, p.44, that his oath was  made on Friday of RabƯ‘ ThƗnƯ, 1050.

1034











  Sayf b. SultƗn (3rd time) 

1140

SultƗn b. Murshid 

1151

Sources: Nnjr al-DƯn ‘AbdullƗh b. Humayd al-SƗlimƯ,Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn bi-sƯra ahl ‘UmƗn , 2vols, Cairo, 1347.

(p)

Ɩl Bnj Sa‘Ưd in Muscat 12 and Zanzibar (They assumed titles of Imam and Sayyid)

(q)

Ahmad b. Sa‘Ưd b. Ahmad b. Muhammad Ɩl-Bnj Sa    ‘ƯdƯ 13 (war against Persia 1169)

1154

Sa‘Ưd b. Ahmad (the last person taking the title of  imam)16

1188

Hamad b. Sa‘Ưd (taking “sayyid” as official title) 

1193

Sult Ɨ n b. Ahmad (the first agreement with  Britain,1212)

1206

SƗlim b. SultƗn and Sa‘Ưd b. SultƗn  

1219

Separation of the sovereignty into as following

in Oman ThwaynƯ b. Sa‘Ưd b. SultƗn (he was killed in 1283)  SƗlim b. ThwaynƯ (r) ‘AzzƗn b. Qays b. ‘AzzƗn

1273 1283 1285

TurkƯ b. Sa‘Ưd

1287

Faysal b. TurkƯ 

1305

The last agreement with England 1308

In Zanzibar MƗjid b. Sa‘Ưd Barghash b. Sa‘Ưd KhalƯfa b. Sa‘Ưd ‘AlƯ b. Sa‘Ưd b. SultƗn  Sa‘Ưd b. ThwaynƯ

1273 10 Rajab 1287 13 Rajab 1305 1308 1311

KhƗlid b. Sa‘Ưd Sa‘Ưd b. Hamnjd  …KhƗlid17 KhalƯfa b. Kharnjb

1314 1314 ʊ 1330

Sources: Nnjr al-DƯn ‘AbdullƗh b. Humayd al-SƗlimƯ,Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn bi-sƯra ahl ‘UmƗn , 2vols, Cairo, 1347. 1. He is JulandƗ b. Mas‘njd b. Jayfar b. JulandƗ al-AzdƯ. See Ibn al-AthƯr, vol.5, p.270. 2. See Ibn al-AthƯr, vol.8, p.475. 3. See al-SƗlimƯ, Tuhfa al-Ay‘Ɨn bi-sƯra ahl ‘UmƗn ,vol.1, p.229. 4. See Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn , vol.1, p. 234. 5. Dirham Coins of Huzw of the year 342, 348; l’Ermitage, Inv. p.340 et à Vienne. 6. Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn , vol.1, p.243, 251. 7. See, N nj r al-D Ư n ‘ AbdullƗ h b. Humayd al-SƗ limƯ , Tuhfa al-A‘ y Ɨ n, vol.1,p.336.

 





 8. See, Nnjr al-DƯn ‘AbdullƗh b. Humayd al-SƗlimƯ, Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn, vol.1, p.241. 9. See, Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn , vol.2, p.2. 10. See, Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn , vol.2, p.3. 11. al-SƗlimƯ mentioned in Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn, vol.2, p.44, that his oath was made on Friday of RabƯ‘ ThƗnƯ 1050. 12. The Author of Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn mentioned (vol.2, p.226) that that name is Maskad. And Badger mentioned in his translation of the book of Ibn Ruzayq (p.166) that that name is Maskat. 13. See, Tuhfa al-A‘yƗn, vol.2, p.161. 14. The mystery of this change of the official title has not become clear yet. See, A Handbook of Arabia , 1916, I, p.37, 38, 246, 289. 15. Britain deposed him in 1330. ಴ᚲ㧦ϚΑϭΩϮϤΤϣ ᵈ㧦ේᢥߪ࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄ⸒⺆ߩౖ᜚ࠍ㒰߈‫ޕ⺆ࠕࡆ࡜ࠕޔ‬ේᢥߦ࡛࡯ ࡠ࠶ࡄ⸒⺆ߢ⴫⸥ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆㇱಽߪߘߩ߹߹ߣߒߚ‫ ޕ‬K߆ࠄ Rߩࠕ ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶࠻ߪଢቱ਄ㅊടߒߚ߽ߩߢ‫ޔ‬ේᢥߦߪሽ࿷ߒߥ޿‫ޕ‬











The Self Representation of The Imamate of Oman: the processes of construction of the list of imams. MATSUO Masaki As written in pamphlets issued by Arab Information Center in New York, the number of Ibadhi imams of Oman, who, according to allegations made by delegations of Arab countries in the United Nations, had ruled over Oman as legitimate rulers, was 61. Although it created an ostensive image on the historical reality of the Imamate of Oman, this number was a kind of invention of the Cairo office of the government-in-exile of the Imamate. This number related in pamphlets of Arab Information Center was based on information supplied by the Cairo office, which had made a list of imams with some authentic features from non-authentic French material, a Genealogical table of Zambaur. Some contradictory elements to the history legitimating the Imamate were altered and such alternations were concealed, Zambaur’s genealogical table was changed into the authentic material with plausible features as if being based on Salimi, a great Omani historian. This list could be recognized not a forgery but a result of self-representation of the Imamate of Oman without resource of discourse. 㧔2007 ᐕ 11 ᦬ 5 ᣣฃℂ㧕