Turkey’s Borates Ores and Synthesis, Characterization of Calcium Borate Chemicals in Different Conditions M. Engin ÇELEN1, Levent ÖZMEN1, (
[email protected],
[email protected]) 1 National Boron Research Institute, Ankara, Turkey
Our country possesses %72 of the world’s boron reserves and is the leader exporter of the mineral in the world. Turkey produce colemanite, ulexite and tincal concentrates as well as refinery products as; Etibor-48, borax decahydrate, boric acid and anhydrous borax and supply these to the world markets. In order to achieve maximum benefit for our countries economy from the underground sources, concentrate boron production was increased to 1.819.000 tons during 2006, boron chemicals production was increased 1.021.000 tons at 2006. Boron chemicals are mostly used in our country in ceramics, glass making and detergent industry. In the last years, institutions have been created to develop boron research and new projects have been started. Thus, Turkey aims to get into a high rank in boron investigation area. The most common use of boron in the industrial scale is the usage of inorganic borates. It has several areas of usage but one of the attention points is that its particle size is small and includes a high B2O3 content. Thus, borates that are inset to the structure can transfer faster. Other physical and chemical properties of the borates lead to usage of diversity. Calcium borates have different formulations but we can summarize it as xCaO.yB2O3.zH2O. In this way, content of B2O3 and the water rate changes. That ensures to have physical and chemical properties. Calcium borates can be used in many different areas where boron and borate is in need. Some of the areas are plastic, textile, paint and woodwork sectors. As it is seen in the general formula, it is possible to synthesis different calcium borates. In this study, synthesis conditions of calcium borates which have high B2O3 content, high heat resistant and small particle size will be investigated. Calcium borates will be synthesized, analyzed and the appropriate parameters will be defined. References 1) Roskill, The Economics of Boron 11th edition, Roskill Information Services Ltd, London England, 2006. 2) Brotherton, R. J., Weber, C.J., Guibert, C.R., Little, J.L., 1999. Boron compounds. In: Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 6th ed. Weinheim, Wiley VCH 3) David, R. 2000. CRC Press. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 82nd Edition 4) James, V., Brown P., 1998. Phase Formation in the System CaO–Al2O3–B2O3–H2O at 23 1 oC, Journal of Hazardous Materials B: 63 199–210 5) Kirk-Othmer 2001. Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Volume 4, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 6) Li J., Gao S., Xia S., Li B., 1997., Thermochemistry of Hydrated Calcium Borates, J. Chem. Thermodynamics, 29, 1071-1075 7) Liu Z., Zuo C., Hu M. 2005. Hydrothermal Synthesis, Characterization and Thermochemistry of Ca2[B2O4(OH)2]·0.5H2O. Thermochimica Acta 435 168–171 8) Maniu, D., Iliescu T., Ardelean I., Pinzaru S., Tarcea N., 2003. Raman Study on B 2O3–CaO Glasses, Journal of Molecular Structure 651–653 485–488 9) Ping, L., Chuan-Feng Z., 2006. Standard Molar Enthalpies of Formation for the Two Hydrated Calcium Borates xCaO.5B2O3.yH2O (x=2 and 4, y=5 and 7). J. Chem. Eng. Data 51, 272–275 10) www.boren.gov.tr 11) www.etimaden.gov.tr
