Supplementary Information This section includes the questionnaires used to collect data from the noncommunity forestry user groups (both Nepali and English versions), and the community and non-community forests (as we used, English version only). As the questions for the non-community forest user group data collection is adapted from the community forestry impact study conducted by the Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation in 2010-2012 (MoFSC, 2013), the serial number of the questionnaires were kept to match the earlier study. Reference Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation [MoFSC]. (2013). Persistence and Change: Review of 30 Years of Community Forestry in Nepal. Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation, Nepal.