retrospective study of 137 adult patients at Korean teaching hospitals. Spine (Phila ...... Sai Kiran NA, Vaishya S, Kale SS, Sharma BS, Mahapatra AK. Surgical ...
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(Pott’s [TI] OR Pott[TI] OR TUBERCULOS*[TI]) AND (SPINE[TI] OR SPINAL[TI] OR VERTEBRAL[TI])) AND ("therapy" [Subheading] OR *THERAPY [TIAB] OR TREATMENT[TIAB] OR SURGICAL[TIAB] OR CHEMO*[TIAB] OR SURGERY[TIAB] OR LAMINECTOMY [TIAB] OR FUSION[TIAB] OR DEBRIDE*[TIAB]) ( "Tuberculosis, Spinal/rehabilitation"[Mesh] OR "Tuberculosis, Spinal/surgery"[Mesh] OR "Tuberculosis, Spinal/therapy"[Mesh] ) #1 OR #2 #3 LIMIT 1/1/2006 TO 2/9/2017 #4 LIMIT RANDOM #4 LIMIT NOT DIAGNOS*[TI] OR “Case report” OR “SYSTEMATIC REVIEW”[TI] OR METAANALYS*[TI] OR META-ANALYS* OR PREDICT*[TI] OR COMMENT*[TI] OR LETTER[TI] OR “RARE CASE”[TI] OR PREGNAN*[TI] OR “TREATMENT GUIDELINES”[TI] OR “RISK FACTOR”[TI] OR “RISK FACTORS”[TI] OR “A CASE OF”[TI] OR SURVEY[TI] OR EPIDEMIOLOGY[TI] OR “CROSS SECTIONAL”[TI] #6 LIMIT WITH ABSTRACTS
((Pott’s [TI] OR Pott[TI] OR TUBERCULOS*[TI]) AND (SPINE[TI] OR SPINAL[TI] OR VERTEBRAL[TI])) AND ("Surgical Procedures, Operative"[Mesh] OR SURGICAL[TIAB] OR SURGERY[TIAB] OR LAMINECTOMY [TIAB] OR FUSION[TIAB] OR DEBRIDE*[TIAB]) "Tuberculosis, Spinal/surgery"[Mesh] #1 OR #2 #3 LIMIT NOT DIAGNOS*[TI] OR “Case report” OR “SYSTEMATIC REVIEW”[TI] OR METAANALYS*[TI] OR META-ANALYS* OR PREDICT*[TI] OR COMMENT*[TI] OR LETTER[TI] OR “RARE CASE”[TI] OR PREGNAN*[TI] OR “TREATMENT GUIDELINES”[TI] OR “RISK FACTOR”[TI] OR “RISK FACTORS”[TI] OR “A CASE OF”[TI] OR SURVEY[TI] OR EPIDEMIOLOGY[TI] OR “CROSS SECTIONAL”[TI] OR REVIEW[PT] #4 LIMIT 1/1/2000 TO 2/9/2017 #4 LIMIT 1/1/2006 TO 2/9/2017 #7 LIMIT WITH ABSTRACTS #8 LIMIT WITH ABSTACTS
Excluded at full text Ref KQ 1 Indications: Wang Z, Shi J, Geng G, Qiu H. Ultra-short-course chemotherapy for spinal tuberculosis: five years of observation. Eur Spine J 2013; 22(2): 274-81. KQ 3 Outcomes: Fuentes Ferrer M, Gutierrez Torres L, Ayala Ramirez O, Rumayor Zarzuelo M, del Prado Gonzalez N. Tuberculosis of the spine. A systematic review of case series. Int Orthop 2012; 36(2): 221-31.
Reason for exclusion No surgical arm or surgical indications Case series, not metaanalysis of RCTs
DS1
Included for KQ2 Anterior:
1. 2.
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28.
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DS2
29. Karn NK, Rao BS, Prabhakar MM. Minimal invasive anterior decompression in tuberculosis of thoracolumbar junction of the spine--experience with SynFrame. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2009; 48(175): 262-4. 30. Lan X, Liu XM, Ge BF. Debridement and bone grafting with internal fixation via anterior approach for treatment of cervicothoracic tuberculosis. Int Surg 2011; 96(4): 358-62. 31. Lan X, Xu JZ, Liu XM, Ge BF. [Debridement and bone grafting with internal fixation via the anterior approach for treatment of cervicothoracic tuberculosis]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2012; 25(4): 291-4. 32. Li JH, Zhang ZH, Shi T, et al. Surgical treatment of lumbosacral tuberculosis by one-stage debridement and anterior instrumentation with allograft through an extraperitoneal anterior approach. J Orthop Surg Res 2015; 10: 62. 33. Li M, Du J, Meng H, Wang Z, Luo Z. One-stage surgical management for thoracic tuberculosis by anterior debridement, decompression and autogenous rib grafts, and instrumentation. Spine J 2011; 11(8): 726-33. 34. Lin B, Shi JS, Zhang HS, Xue C, Zhang B, Guo ZM. Subscapularis Transthoracic Versus Posterolateral Approaches in the Surgical Management of Upper Thoracic Tuberculosis: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94(47): e1900. 35. Liu L, Song Y, Gong Q, Zhou C, An Y. [Effectiveness and safety assessments of thoracoscopic thoracic tuberculosis clearance and internal fixation with bone grafting supported by digital technology]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2014; 28(1): 64-8. 36. Liu Z, Wang X, Xu Z, et al. Two approaches for treating upper thoracic spinal tuberculosis with neurological deficits in the elderly: A retrospective case-control study. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2016; 141: 111-6. 37. Loembe PM, Mwanyombet-Ompounga L, Assengone-Zeh Y, Kengue-Lechiombeka PR. [Early anterolateral surgery for tuberculosis of the lower cervical spine with neurological complications in adult. Our experience in Gabon]. Neurochirurgie 2000; 46(6): 541-8. 38. Lu C, Liu WD, Ma ZM. [Primary anterior internal fixation for the surgical management of thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis]. Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2003; 28(2): 162-4. 39. Lu G, Wang B, Li J, Liu W, Cheng I. Anterior debridement and reconstruction via thoracoscopy-assisted mini-open approach for the treatment of thoracic spinal tuberculosis: minimum 5-year follow-up. Eur Spine J 2012; 21(3): 463-9. 40. Lu GH, Wang B, Li J, Liu WD, Yin GH. [Clinical research of thoracoscopy-assisted mini-open surgery for anterior column reconstruction of thoracic spine tuberculosis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2006; 86(43): 3043-6. 41. Lu N, Lu S, Wang Y, Liu Z, Xiao S. [Application of freeze-dried cancellous allograft in treatment of spinal tuberculosis]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2005; 19(6): 420-3. 42. Luo F, Zhang ZH, Sun D, Xu JZ. One-Stage Anterior Approach with Arch Plate to Treat Lumbosacral Tuberculosis. Orthop Surg 2015; 7(4): 354-8. 43. Lv GH, Wang B, Li J, Liu WD, Yin GH, Ma ZM. Thoracoscopy-assisted mini-open surgery for anterior column reconstruction in thoracic spinal tuberculosis. Orthop Surg 2009; 1(4): 293-9. 44. Ma YZ, Yu FY, Li HW, Chen X. [Surgical retreatment of thoracic and thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2009; 89(19): 1318-21. 45. Mao N, Shi Z, Ni H, et al. Long-term outcomes of one-stage anterior debridement, bone grafting, and internal fixation for the treatment of lower cervical tuberculosis with kyphosis. Br J Neurosurg 2013; 27(2): 160-6. 46. Mavrogenis AF, Igoumenou V, Tsiavos K, et al. When and how to operate on spondylodiscitis: a report of 13 patients. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2016; 26(1): 31-40. 47. Moon MS, Moon JL, Kim SS, Moon YW. Treatment of tuberculosis of the cervical spine: operative versus nonoperative. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2007; 460: 67-77. 48. Moorthy RK, Arunkumar MJ, Rajshekhar V. Uninstrumented ventral surgery for subaxial cervical spine tuberculosis: clinical and radiological outcome. Br J Neurosurg 2004; 18(6): 584-9. 49. Mukherjee SK, Dau AS. Anterior lumbar fusion in Pott's disease. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2007; 460: 93-9. 50. Muzii VF, Mariottini A, Zalaffi A, Carangelo BR, Palma L. Cervical spine epidural abscess: experience with microsurgical treatment in eight cases. J Neurosurg Spine 2006; 5(5): 392-7. 51. Obaid ur R, Ahmad S, Hussain T. Anterior surgical interventions in spinal tuberculosis. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2009; 19(8): 500-5. 52. Ozdemir HM, Us AK, Ogun T. The role of anterior spinal instrumentation and allograft fibula for the treatment of pott disease. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2003; 28(5): 474-9. 53. Park DW, Sohn JW, Kim EH, et al. Outcome and management of spinal tuberculosis according to the severity of disease: a retrospective study of 137 adult patients at Korean teaching hospitals. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2007; 32(4): E130-5. 54. Patankar AP. Tuberculosis of spine: An experience of 30 cases over two years. Asian J Neurosurg 2016; 11(3): 226-31. 55. Pointillart V, Aurouer N, Gangnet N, Vital JM. Anterior approach to the cervicothoracic junction without sternotomy: a report of 37 cases. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2007; 32(25): 2875-9. 56. Prabhakar MM, Thakker T. Anterior decompression for cervicothoracic pathology: A study of 14 patients. J Spinal Cord Med 2006; 29(2): 163-6.
DS3
57. Qin SB, Dong WJ, Fan J, et al. [Analysis of failure reasons for postoperative patients of spinal tuberculosis complicated with paraplegia of 32 cases]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2007; 45(18): 1237-41. 58. Qureshi MA, Khalique AB, Afzal W, Pasha IF, Aebi M. Surgical management of contiguous multilevel thoracolumbar tuberculous spondylitis. Eur Spine J 2013; 22 Suppl 4: 618-23. 59. Raja RA, Sheikh AU, Hussain M, Agani SA. Early recovery and stabilisation with instrumentation in anterior cervical spine tuberculosis. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2012; 24(3-4): 93-6. 60. Ramani PS, Sharma A, Jituri S, Muzumdar DP. Anterior instrumentation for cervical spine tuberculosis: an analysis of surgical experience with 61 cases. Neurol India 2005; 53(1): 83-9; discussion 9. 61. Shi J, Wang Z, Wang P, Jin W. [Application and comparison of allograft and autograft bone for interbody fusion in cervical tuberculosis]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2011; 25(11): 1290-3. 62. Shi PH, Zhang J, Fan SW, et al. [Anterior instrumentation for the treatment of tuberculotic spinal deformity]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2003; 41(4): 292-5. 63. Song JF, Jing ZZ, Chen B, Ai ZS, Hu W. One-stage anterolateral surgical treatment for lumbosacral segment tuberculosis. Int Orthop 2012; 36(2): 339-44. 64. Wadd IH, Khan A, Haroon A, Vohra AH. Surgical Outcome of Anterior Decompression, Grafting and Fixation in Caries of Dorsolumbar Spine. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2015; 25(10): 730-3. 65. Wang B, Lv G, Liu W, Cheng I. Anterior radical debridement and reconstruction using titanium mesh cage for the surgical treatment of thoracic and thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis: minimium five-year follow-up. Turk Neurosurg 2011; 21(4): 575-81. 66. Wang H, Li C, Wang J, Zhang Z, Zhou Y. Characteristics of patients with spinal tuberculosis: seven-year experience of a teaching hospital in Southwest China. Int Orthop 2012; 36(7): 1429-34. 67. Wang Q, Hu M, Ma YZ, Luo XB. [Case-control studies of two kinds of method for the treatment of lumbar tuberculosis with psoas abscess]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2016; 29(1): 33-7. 68. Wang XY, Lj KH, Hu JZ, Liang JY, Hu B. [Different operation methods for thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis]. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2006; 31(3): 427-9. 69. Wang Z, Wu Q, Geng G. Anterior debridement and bone grafting with posterior single-segment internal fixation for the treatment of mono-segmental spinal tuberculosis. Injury 2013; 44(2): 253-7. 70. Wong YW, Leong JC, Luk KD. Direct internal kyphectomy for severe angular tuberculous kyphosis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2007; 460: 124-9. 71. Xiao L, Jiang Y, Tian Y, et al. [Primary anterior focus debridement and bone autograft with internal fixation via transperitoneal approach for tuberculosis of lumbosacral junction]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2009; 23(8): 913-6. 72. Yaldz C, Ozdemir N, Yaman O, Feran HG, Tansug T, Minoglu M. A Retrospective Study of 39 Patients Treated With Anterior Approach of Thoracic and Lumbar Spondylodiscitis: Clinical Manifestations, Anterior Surgical Treatment, and Outcome. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94(47): e2110. 73. Yang BH, Ouyang Z, Zhao JL, Zhang B. [One stage anterior debridement, bone fusion and internal fixation for the treatment of lumbosacral tuberculosis]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2013; 26(7): 546-8. 74. Yang H, Song F, Zhang L, Li N, Zhang X, Wang Y. Management of Spine Tuberculosis With Chemotherapy and Percutaneous Pedicle Screws in Adjacent Vertebrae: A Retrospective Study of 34 Cases. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2016; 41(23): E1415-E20. 75. Yang X, Huo H, Xiao Y, et al. [Function reconstruction of anterior and middle column in thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis by one-stage anterior radical debridement]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2010; 24(1): 37-40. 76. Yilboudo J, Da SC, Nacoulma SI, Bandre E. [Tuberculous spondylodiscitis with neurologic problems: results of surgical treatment]. Med Trop (Mars) 2002; 62(1): 39-46. 77. Zhang T, He X, Li H, Xu S. Treatment of lumbosacral spinal tuberculosis by one-stage anterior debridement and fusion combined with dual screw-rod anterior instrumentation underneath the iliac vessel. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2016; 17: 49. 78. Zhao K, Huang Y, Zhang J, Fang XQ, Yang Q. [Thoracoscopic anterior approach decompression and reconstruction for thoracolumbar spine diseases]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2005; 43(8): 491-4. 79. Zhao W, Zhou Z, B Li, et al. [Clinical observation of anterior bone graft fusion and internal fixation to treat adjacent multivertebral tuberculosis in one-stage]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2011; 25(10): 1168-71.
Posterior 1. 2.
Aili A, Zhang H, Tang M, et al. [Multiple special formed titanium mesh cages in the treatment of lumbo-sacral spinal tuberculosis via posterior approach only]. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2014; 39(12): 1313-9. Arora S, Sabat D, Maini L, et al. Isolated involvement of the posterior elements in spinal tuberculosis: a review of twentyfour cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2012; 94(20): e151.
DS4
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29.
Basu S, Rathinavelu S. Neurological recovery in patients of old healed tubercular rigid kyphosis with myelopathy treated with transpedicular decancellation osteotomy. Eur Spine J 2012; 21(10): 2011-8. Chacko AG, Moorthy RK, Chandy MJ. The transpedicular approach in the management of thoracic spine tuberculosis: a short-term follow up study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2004; 29(17): E363-7. Chaudhary K, Potdar P, Bapat M, Rathod A, Laheri V. Structural odontoid lesions in craniovertebral tuberculosis: a review of 15 cases. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2012; 37(14): E836-43. Chen X, Lin J, Chen L, Chen F, Xu W, Wei C. [One-stage posterior debridement, bone graft, and internal fixation for thoracic tuberculosis]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2011; 25(10): 1172-5. Chen YC, Chang MC, Wang ST, Yu WK, Liu CL, Chen TH. One-stage posterior surgery for treatment of advanced spinal tuberculosis. J Chin Med Assoc 2003; 66(7): 411-7. Dalal S, Modi J, Soman S, Patel H, Dhanani S. Results of Single-Staged Posterior Decompression and Circumferential Fusion Using a Transpedicular Approach to Correct a Kyphotic Deformity due to Thoracolumbar Spinal Tuberculosis. Asian Spine J 2016; 10(6): 1106-14. Deng YW, Lu GH, Wang B, et al. [One stage posterior vertebral column resection for the treatment of thorciclumbar tuberculosis with kyphotic deformity]. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2008; 33(9): 865-70. Ding SC, Cao JJ, Wei XZ, Zhou BX, Wang FM. [Surgical treatment of thoracic tuberculosis with one stage posterior debridement and bone grafting fusion and internal fixation]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2013; 26(7): 543-5. Djientcheu VP, Mouafo Tambo FF, Ndougsa IS, et al. The role of surgery in the management of Pott's disease in Yaounde. A review of 43 cases. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2013; 99(4): 419-23. Fan L, Yang B, Shi Q, et al. [Treatment of single-incision vertebral screw-rod fixation combined with pedicle screw-rod fixation for thoracolumbar tuberculosis]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2012; 26(9): 1062-5. Gokce A, Ozturkmen Y, Mutlu S, Caniklioglu M. Spinal osteotomy: correcting sagittal balance in tuberculous spondylitis. J Spinal Disord Tech 2008; 21(7): 484-8. Gong K, Wang Z, Luo Z. Single-stage posterior debridement and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion with autogenous bone grafting and posterior instrumentation in the surgical management of lumbar tuberculosis. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2011; 131(2): 217-23. Gu XF, Cheng L, Zhou YY. [Radical debridement and single stage posterior spinal fusion and instrumentation for the treatment of thoracic-lumber tuberculosis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2009; 89(41): 2898-901. Guo L, Chen X, Ma Y, Wang J. [Transpedicular instrumentation and interbody fusion for spinal tuberculosis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2002; 82(16): 1121-3. Guzey FK, Emel E, Bas NS, et al. Thoracic and lumbar tuberculous spondylitis treated by posterior debridement, graft placement, and instrumentation: a retrospective analysis in 19 cases. J Neurosurg Spine 2005; 3(6): 450-8. He B, Hu Z, Hao J, Liu B. Posterior transpedicular debridement, decompression and instrumentation for thoracic tuberculosis in patients over the age of 60. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2012; 132(10): 1407-14. Hu J, Wang Y, Liu Z, et al. [Surgical treatment of thoracic and lumbar tuberculosis complicated with severe kyphotic deformity and paraplegia]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2014; 28(9): 1110-4. Khashchin DL, Redkoborodyi VG, Odinets VS, Oleinik VV. [Use of transpedicular fixation in the surgical treatment of tuberculosis spondylitis and chronic hematogenous osteomyelitis of the vertebral column]. Probl Tuberk Bolezn Legk 2008; (12): 47-50. Kumar MN, Joseph B, Manur R. Isolated posterior instrumentation for selected cases of thoraco-lumbar spinal tuberculosis without anterior instrumentation and without anterior or posterior bone grafting. Eur Spine J 2013; 22(3): 624-32. Lavrov VN, Kozhevnikov AB, Generalova RV. [The surgical treatment of destructive forms of tuberculosis of the cervical spine]. Probl Tuberk 2000; (5): 44-7. Lee BH, Lee HM, Kim TH, et al. Transpedicular curettage and drainage of infective lumbar spondylodiscitis: technique and clinical results. Clin Orthop Surg 2012; 4(3): 200-8. Lee JS, Moon KP, Kim SJ, Suh KT. Posterior lumbar interbody fusion and posterior instrumentation in the surgical management of lumbar tuberculous spondylitis. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2007; 89(2): 210-4. Lee SH, Sung JK, Park YM. Single-stage transpedicular decompression and posterior instrumentation in treatment of thoracic and thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis: a retrospective case series. J Spinal Disord Tech 2006; 19(8): 595-602. Li C, He D, Hu W, Yang X, Ni Y, Li M. [Modified single-stage transpedicular decompression, debridement, and posterior instrumentation in treatment of thoracic tuberculosis]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2011; 25(11): 1294-7. Li J, Li XL, Zhou XG, Zhou J, Dong J. Surgical treatment for spinal tuberculosis with bilateral paraspinal abscess or bilateral psoas abscess: one-stage surgery. J Spinal Disord Tech 2014; 27(8): E309-14. Liu C, Lin L, Wang W, Lv G, Deng Y. Long-term outcomes of vertebral column resection for kyphosis in patients with cured spinal tuberculosis: average 8-year follow-up. J Neurosurg Spine 2016; 24(5): 777-85. Liu S, Deng Z, Chen J, Wang A, Jiang L. [Surgical treatment for thoracic spinal tuberculosis with intraspinal abscesses by unilateral vertebral lamina limited decompression via posterior-only approach]. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2015; 40(12): 1345-51.
DS5
30. Liu Z, Liu J, Peng A, Long X, Yang D, Huang S. One-stage posterior debridement and transpedicular screw fixation for treating monosegmental thoracic and lumbar spinal tuberculosis in adults. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014: 137106. 31. Luo C, Wang X, Wu P, Ge L, Zhang H, Hu J. Single-stage transpedicular decompression, debridement, posterior instrumentation, and fusion for thoracic tuberculosis with kyphosis and spinal cord compression in aged individuals. Spine J 2016; 16(2): 154-62. 32. Luo Y, Deng Z, Chen J, Guo C. [Application of limited decompression combined with vertebral plate reconstruction on treatment of single segment thoracic vertebra tuberculosis]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2012; 26(12): 140914. 33. Pang X, Shen X, Wu P, Luo C, Xu Z, Wang X. Thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis with psoas abscesses treated by one-stage posterior transforaminal lumbar debridement, interbody fusion, posterior instrumentation, and postural drainage. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2013; 133(6): 765-72. 34. Pang X, Wu P, Shen X, Li D, Luo C, Wang X. One-stage posterior transforaminal lumbar debridement, 360 degrees interbody fusion, and posterior instrumentation in treating lumbosacral spinal tuberculosis. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2013; 133(8): 1033-9. 35. Qian J, Rijiepu A, Zhu B, Tian D, Chen L, Jing J. Outcomes of radical debridement versus no debridement for the treatment of thoracic and lumbar spinal tuberculosis. Int Orthop 2016; 40(10): 2081-8. 36. Rajasekaran S, Vijay K, Shetty AP. Single-stage closing-opening wedge osteotomy of spine to correct severe post-tubercular kyphotic deformities of the spine: a 3-year follow-up of 17 patients. Eur Spine J 2010; 19(4): 583-92. 37. Ramdurg SR, Gupta DK, Suri A, Sharma BS, Mahapatra AK. Spinal intramedullary tuberculosis: a series of 15 cases. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2009; 111(2): 115-8. 38. Ran B, Xie YL, Yan L, Cai L. One-stage surgical treatment for thoracic and lumbar Spinal tuberculosis by transpedicular fixation, debridement, and combined interbody and posterior fusion via a posterior-only approach. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci 2016; 36(4): 541-7. 39. Rawall S, Mohan K, Nene A. Posterior approach in thoracolumbar tuberculosis: a clinical and radiological review of 67 operated cases. Musculoskelet Surg 2013; 97(1): 67-75. 40. Sahoo MM, Mahapatra SK, Sethi GC, Dash SK. Posterior-only approach surgery for fixation and decompression of thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis: a retrospective study. J Spinal Disord Tech 2012; 25(7): E217-23. 41. Shen X, Huang X, Xiao S, et al. Surgical treatment of selected patients with multilevel contiguous thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis by only posterior instrumentation without any bone fusion. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8(10): 18611-9. 42. Shen X, Liu H, Wang G, Liu X. 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54. Wu P, Luo C, Pang X, Xu Z, Zeng H, Wang X. Surgical treatment of thoracic spinal tuberculosis with adjacent segments lesion via one-stage transpedicular debridement, posterior instrumentation and combined interbody and posterior fusion, a clinical study. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2013; 133(10): 1341-50. 55. Wu P, Ou Y, Liu D, Zhu Y, Zhao Z, Jiang D. [EFFECTIVENESS OF POSTERIOR UNILATERAL TRANSPEDICULAR DEBRIDEMENT, BONE GRAFT FUSION, AND PEDICLE SCREW FIXATION FOR THORACOLUMBAL TUBERCULOSIS]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2015; 29(10): 1259-64. 56. Wu P, Wang XY, Li XG, et al. One-stage posterior procedure in treating active thoracic spinal tuberculosis: a retrospective study. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2015; 41(2): 189-97. 57. Xu Z, Wang X, Shen X, Luo C, Wu P, Zeng H. One-stage lumbopelvic fixation in the treatment of lumbosacral junction tuberculosis. Eur Spine J 2015; 24(8): 1800-5. 58. Xu Z, Wang X, Shen X, et al. 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78. Zhou Y, Song Z, Luo J, et al. The efficacy of local continuous chemotherapy and postural drainage in combination with onestage posterior surgery for the treatment of lumbar spinal tuberculosis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2016; 17: 66. 79. Zhu M, Liang G, Cai X, Feng F. [Internal fixation of spinal column by posterior approach and extraperitoneal bilateral focal debridement for treatment of tuberculosis of lumbosacral vertebral body]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2008; 22(5): 539-42.
Combined 1.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.
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26. Sinha S, Singh AK, Gupta V, Singh D, Takayasu M, Yoshida J. Surgical management and outcome of tuberculous atlantoaxial dislocation: a 15-year experience. Neurosurgery 2003; 52(2): 331-8; discussion 8-9. 27. Sundararaj GD, Behera S, Ravi V, Venkatesh K, Cherian VM, Lee V. Role of posterior stabilisation in the management of tuberculosis of the dorsal and lumbar spine. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2003; 85(1): 100-6. 28. Talu U, Gogus A, Ozturk C, Hamzaoglu A, Domanic U. The role of posterior instrumentation and fusion after anterior radical debridement and fusion in the surgical treatment of spinal tuberculosis: experience of 127 cases. J Spinal Disord Tech 2006; 19(8): 554-9. 29. Vamvanij V, Ruangchainikom M, Thanapipatsiri S, Pichaisak W. The outcomes of combined posterior instrumentation and anterior radical debridement with fusion for multilevel spinal tuberculosis. J Med Assoc Thai 2014; 97 Suppl 9: S50-5. 30. Wang XB, Li J, Lu GH, Wang B, Lu C, Kang YJ. Single-stage posterior instrumentation and anterior debridement for active tuberculosis of the thoracic and lumbar spine with kyphotic deformity. Int Orthop 2012; 36(2): 373-80. 31. Wang Z, Yuan H, Geng G, Shi J, Jin W. Posterior mono-segmental fixation, combined with anterior debridement and strut graft, for treatment of the mono-segmental lumbar spine tuberculosis. Int Orthop 2012; 36(2): 325-9. 32. Xing S, Gao Y, Gao K, Zhang G, Yu Z. Anterior Cervical Retropharyngeal Debridement Combined With Occipital Cervical Fusion to Upper Cervical Tuberculosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2016; 41(2): 104-10. 33. Xu YG, Yang YD, Liu SL. [Effect of surgical treatment for thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis by anterior radical debridement with bone graft fusion and posterior pedicle screw-rods system fixation]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2009; 22(12): 938-40. 34. Ye M, Li JQ, Zou Y, Wang JG, Wang K, Zhou DS. [One stage anterior and posterior fusion and posterior fixation for the treatment of thoracic and lumbar spinal tuberculosis]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2009; 22(1): 23-5. 35. Ying XZ, Zheng Q, Shi SY, et al. [Anterior small-incision focus debridement with posterior internal fixation for the treatment of lumbar spinal tuberculosis]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2016; 29(6): 517-21. 36. Zeng H, Liang Y, Wang X, et al. Halo traction, single-segment circumferential fixation treating cervical tubercular spondylitis with kyphosis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2015; 138: 59-65. 37. Zhang HQ, Guo CF, Xiao XG, Long WR, Deng ZS, Chen J. One-stage surgical management for multilevel tuberculous spondylitis of the upper thoracic region by anterior decompression, strut autografting, posterior instrumentation, and fusion. J Spinal Disord Tech 2007; 20(4): 263-7. 38. Zhang HQ, Hu X, Yin X, Chen Y. One-stage combined anterior-posterior approach treatment of multiple cervicothoracic spinal tuberculosis with kyphosis. Int Orthop 2015; 39(8): 1605-10. 39. Zhang P, Shen Y, Ding WY, Zhang W, Shang Z. The role of surgical timing in the treatment of thoracic and lumbar spinal tuberculosis. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2014; 134(2): 167-72. 40. Zou MX, Li J, Lv GH, Wang B, Deng YW. Treatment of thoracic or lumbar spinal tuberculosis complicated by resultant listhesis at the involved segment. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2014; 125: 1-8.
Mixed approaches 1.
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13. Jayaswal A, Upendra B, Ahmed A, Chowdhury B, Kumar A. Video-assisted thoracoscopic anterior surgery for tuberculous spondylitis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2007; 460: 100-7. 14. Jiang T, Zhao J, He M, Wang K, Fowdur M, Wu Y. Outcomes and Treatment of Lumbosacral Spinal Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Study of 53 Patients. PLoS One 2015; 10(6): e0130185. 15. Jin W, Wang Q, Wang Z, Geng G. Complete debridement for treatment of thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis: a clinical curative effect observation. Spine J 2014; 14(6): 964-70. 16. Kang J, Feng D, Ye F, Li J. [Modified Galveston technology for lumbosacral tuberculosis]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2009; 23(12): 1431-4. 17. Karaeminogullari O, Aydinli U, Ozerdemoglu R, Ozturk C. Tuberculosis of the lumbar spine: outcomes after combined treatment of two-drug therapy and surgery. Orthopedics 2007; 30(1): 55-9. 18. Klockner C, Valencia R. Sagittal alignment after anterior debridement and fusion with or without additional posterior instrumentation in the treatment of pyogenic and tuberculous spondylodiscitis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2003; 28(10): 103642. 19. Kotil K, Dalbayrak S, Alan S. Craniovertebral junction Pott's disease. Br J Neurosurg 2004; 18(1): 49-55. 20. Lai Z, Shi SY, Fei J, Wei W, Hang GH, Hu SP. [Mid-term outcome of surgical operation for thoracolumbar tuberculosis]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2016; 29(2): 157-61. 21. Lan X, Xu JZ, Luo F, Liu XM, Ge BF. [Analysis of postoperative recurrence reason and observation of reoperation outcome for spinal tuberculosis]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2013; 26(7): 536-42. 22. Li DW, Ma YZ, Hou Y, Xue HB, Huang FS. [Surgical treatment of drug-resistant spinal tuberculosis]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2010; 23(7): 485-7. 23. Li L, Xu J, Ma Y, et al. Surgical strategy and management outcomes for adjacent multisegmental spinal tuberculosis: a retrospective study of forty-eight patients. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2014; 39(1): E40-8. 24. Li L, Zhang Z, Luo F, et al. Management of drug-resistant spinal tuberculosis with a combination of surgery and individualised chemotherapy: a retrospective analysis of thirty-five patients. Int Orthop 2012; 36(2): 277-83. 25. Linhardt O, Kruger A, Krodel A. [First results of anterior versus posterior instrumentation-fusion in the treatment of spondylodiscitis]. Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb 2004; 142(1): 73-8. 26. Liu JM, Chen XY, Zhou Y, et al. Is nonstructural bone graft useful in surgical treatment of lumbar spinal tuberculosis?: A retrospective case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95(35): e4677. 27. Liu P, Sun M, Li S, Wang Z, Ding G. A retrospective controlled study of three different operative approaches for the treatment of thoracic and lumbar spinal tuberculosis: three years of follow-up. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2015; 128: 25-34. 28. Ma YZ, Cui X, Li HW, Chen X, Cai XJ, Bai YB. Outcomes of anterior and posterior instrumentation under different surgical procedures for treating thoracic and lumbar spinal tuberculosis in adults. Int Orthop 2012; 36(2): 299-305. 29. Mei G, Luo F, Zhang Z, et al. Treatment Experiences and Management Outcomes for Skipped Multisegmental Spinal Tuberculosis. Orthopedics 2016; 39(1): e19-25. 30. Moon MS, Kim SS, Moon YW, Moon H, Kim SS. Surgery-related complications and sequelae in management of tuberculosis of spine. Asian Spine J 2014; 8(4): 435-45. 31. Moon MS, Moon JL, Moon YW, et al. Pott's paraplegia in patients with severely deformed dorsal or dorsolumbar spines: treatment and prognosis. Spinal Cord 2003; 41(3): 164-71. 32. Nas K, Kemaloglu MS, Cevik R, et al. The results of rehabilitation on motor and functional improvement of the spinal tuberculosis. Joint Bone Spine 2004; 71(4): 312-6. 33. Okada Y, Miyamoto H, Uno K, Sumi M. Clinical and radiological outcome of surgery for pyogenic and tuberculous spondylitis: comparisons of surgical techniques and disease types. J Neurosurg Spine 2009; 11(5): 620-7. 34. Pu X, Zhou Q, He Q, et al. A posterior versus anterior surgical approach in combination with debridement, interbody autografting and instrumentation for thoracic and lumbar tuberculosis. Int Orthop 2012; 36(2): 307-13. 35. Qu DB, Jin DD, Chen JT, Feng L, Jiang JM, Wang JX. [One-stage surgical management for spinal tuberculosis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2003; 83(2): 110-3. 36. Qu DB, Jin DD, Chen JT, Jiang JM, Wang JX. [Perioperative complications of single-stage surgical management for spinal tuberculosis]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2007; 45(18): 1230-2. 37. Sai Kiran NA, Vaishya S, Kale SS, Sharma BS, Mahapatra AK. Surgical results in patients with tuberculosis of the spine and severe lower-extremity motor deficits: a retrospective study of 48 patients. J Neurosurg Spine 2007; 6(4): 320-6. 38. 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