Energy-‐Efficient Low Power Listening in Noisy Environments
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Energy-‐Efficient Low Power Listening in Noisy Environments
Effec^ve energy efficient MAC approach in clean environments. ➢ BoX-‐MAC-‐2:
Default MAC protocol of TinyOS. Low Power Listening. 4. Sender. Recipient.
Energy-‐Efficient Low Power Listening in Noisy Environments Mo Sha, Gregory Hackmann, Chenyang Lu Cyber-‐Physical Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Wireless Sensors in Noisy Environments
Source: AT&T Labs 2
Noise in Residen:al Environments Spectrum usage of 2.4 GHz band in six apartments and Bryan Hall.
3
Low Power Listening EffecLve energy efficient MAC approach in clean environments BoX-‐MAC-‐2: Default MAC protocol of TinyOS Packet Sender
Recipient
CCA
ACK RX
4
False Wakeup Caused by Noise
Sender Noise
CCA Recipient
RX Time out
5
False Wakeup Rates in Homes Measurement in an apartment
ETX: recent expected transmission count in a sliding window. WR: recent wakeup rate in the sliding window WRL: long-‐term average wakeup rate bacery life
Adapt wakeup threshold T online
if ETX > threshold T=Tmin if ETX ≤ threshold • WR > threshold T=T+△T • WR ≤ threshold AND WRL > threshold no change. • WR ≤ threshold AND WRL ≤ threshold T=T-‐△T Reset T periodically to react to network changes 10
Cri:cal Flaw of BoX-‐MAC-‐2 in TinyOS
Sender: gap between transmissions is 8ms >> Lme needed to receive a (soh) ACK (≤2.4ms) Receiver: wakeup check lasts 8.8ms (poll CCA pin 400 Lmes) >> Lme needed to receive an enLre packet (> Lme needed to receive a (soh) ACK (≤2.4ms) Receiver: shorten wakeup check from 8.8ms2.9ms (poll CCA pin 115 Lmes) < Lme it takes to receive an enLre packet (
