Engine Starter System Starting system Starting system operation ...
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Engine Starter System Starting system Starting system operation ...
shoe starter uses a fender mounted relay to send all current to the starter. ◇. The
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Engine Starter System
Starting system Components: starter Battery Ignition switch Cables and wires Starter relay Starter solenoid Manual Lever Position switch MLP Starter Clutch Pedal Position Switch SCPP Flexplate or Flywheel
Starting system operation 1.
2.
3.
Electric Motor
Battery provides power to ignition switch and starter relay. Closing the ignition switch provides power through the MLP to the starter relay. The starter relay energizes the starter solenoid and motor.
A magnetic field is produced within the armature and that is opposite the field magnets. This opposites produces a push and pull force to line up the armature and field magnetic fields.
Moveable Pole Shoe Starter
The magnetic pole in the armature is attracted and rotates toward the opposite magnetic pole of the field The commutator rotates with the armature reversing the armature’s current flow/magnetic field and the like magnetic poles now move the armature away from the field
The moveable pole shoe starter uses a fender mounted relay to send all current to the starter. The moveable pole shoe is used to engage the starter gear into the flywheel and make contact for power to flow for the starter motor.
1
Solenoid actuated starter
Battery power is provided to the starter and the ignition switch. By closing the switch the power is sent through the MLP/CPP switches to the starter relay. The starter relay provides power the starter mounted relay/solenoid. The relay/solenoid engages the starter gear to the flywheel and makes contact to power the starter motor.
Starter Drive Components
Armature Field (either coil or permanent magnet style) Brushes Solenoid/relay Starter drive gear Starter housing
A – Starter Drive B – Flywheel C – Pinion Gear
Starter Draw and Performance Tests
The starter drive gear has an overrunning (one way) clutch that engages the pinion gear with the flywheel as the starter motor turns. The overrunning clutch freewheels as the engine takes over to prevent damage to the starter, gear, and flywheel.
Types of concerns
“Engine does not crank” = the starter does not engage the engine to turn it over. No activity. “Engine does not start” = the starter does engage the engine and the engine is turning over. But, the engine does not start to run on it’s own power. “Engine cranks slowly” =the starter does engage the engine but the rpm of the engine is too slow to allow the engine to take over. “Unusual starter noise” = there is an abnormal noise during starting weather the starter engages or not.
Connect an inductive ammeter to measure current flow from battery during cranking Connect a tachometer to measure cranking speed Disable the fuel injection system and ignition system
Crank the engine for 15 seconds and monitor current flow and engine cranking speed Listen for any abnormal sounds during engagement operation and disengagement Compare your results to the vehicle’s specifications
“Engine does not Crank” Loose or corroded battery cable connections Undercharged battery Malfunctioning starter motor Malfunctioning ignition switch Malfunctioning starter relay or solenoid Malfunctioning transmission or clutch safety switch
2
“Engine does not Start” Fuel delivery concern Ignition concern Battery power concern Electronic engine control concern
“Engine Cranks Slowly”
Loose or corroded battery cable connections Undercharged battery Loose or corroded starter motor connections Malfunctioning starter motor Excessive engine rotational force required
“Unusual Starter Noise”
Starter motor improperly mounted Malfunctioning starter motor Damaged flywheel teeth and or starter drive
