[4] Avetisyan, H., Miller-Hooks, E., Melanta, S., Decision models to support greenhouse gas emissions reduction from transportation construction projects.
International Conference on: “Engineering: Issues, opportunities and Challenges for Development” ISBN: 978-81-929339-1-7
EVALUATION OF FACTORS AFFECTING IN SELECTION OF CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT FOR RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION: SURVEY OF CONSTRUCTION FIRMS USING RII METHOD Siddharth J. Jariwala1, Prof. Chetna M. Vyas2, Prof. Jayeshkumar Pitroda3 Student of final year M.E (Construction Engineering & Management), B.V.M Engineering College, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India 1 Assistant professor, Civil Engineering Dept., A. D. Patel Institute of Technology, New Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India2 Assistant professor, Civil Engineering Dept., B.V.M. Engineering College, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India3
Abstract: Construction equipments usually constitute a major portion 10-35% of the total cost in a building construction project. For having the best result in profit for a construction industry choosing the best alternative for obtaining equipment is one of the most important issues. The identification of the factors that effect on equipment selection has been carried out using different literatures and by interviewing from experts in construction. This paper has been planned to deal with identification of factors affecting equipment selection, developing a framework for assessing the factors affecting equipment selection. This paper presents the analysis of the factors affecting in selection of construction equipment of 81 respondents from various construction firms of the Gujarat region using a Relative Importance Index (RII). Keywords: Construction Equipment, Factors Affecting in selection, Survey, Relative Importance Index (RII). I.
INTRODUCTION
Construction equipment planning aims in identifying the construction equipment to carry out project tasks, assessing equipment performance capability, forecasting datawise requirements of numbers and types of equipment. Finally one has to think about a particular method for selecting equipment which will be more productive and less expensive and more profitable. Equipment selection is a critical factor in the execution of many construction projects. This is to be much more critical in heavy construction projects where the equipment fleet plays a vital role in performing the work. In this type of projects, the equipment fleet may
11th April, 2015, S.N. Patel Institute of Technology & Research Centre, Umrakh, Bardoli
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International Conference on: “Engineering: Issues, opportunities and Challenges for Development” ISBN: 978-81-929339-1-7
represent the largest portion of the bidding price. Consequently, successful contractors and construction managers understand the substantial impacts on their projects when equipment management decisions are not made in a proper and timely manner. Since equipment selection is highly influenced by myriad factors, most contractors tend to rely upon their historical data and experience in similar projects to assist them in determining the optimum fleet. While this is a good approach at the conceptual stages of the project, it is not sufficient to build the equipment fleet benchmark due to the dynamic nature of construction projects. Other approaches such as expert systems could be useful if only integrated with a database of historical data. II.
OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
This paper has an objective to act as a foundation for future studies and its results will become worthwhile information in efforts to improve the Equipment Selection practicies in the construction industry. 1. To study Equipment Selection for construction field. 2. To identify the factor affecting in selection of construction equipment. 3. To study Contractors and Engineers review based optimization towards the selection of construction equipment. III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The data collected to determine the most influential factors in selection of construction equipment of the project was done through a survey by explorative questionnaire to the respondents involved in daily activities of construction firms in various regions in the Gujarat region of India. The questionnaire was designed so that respondents can give the rank to their answers based on the Likert scale. The analysis of these data was done by a method named relative importance index (RII) method using Microsoft Excel. IV. DATA COLLECTION
A total number of 81 respondents were surveyed from the Gujarat region, namely cities like Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Surat, Bardoli and Navsari out of which 26 respondents were contractors, 20 were Project Engineers, 7 were Store Incharge and 28 were Site Supervisors. A ranking of the factors was achieved from the Relative Importance Index (RII) method.
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International Conference on: “Engineering: Issues, opportunities and Challenges for Development” ISBN: 978-81-929339-1-7
V.
DATA ANALYSIS BY RELATIVE IMPORTANCE INDEX (RII) METHOD
The data collected was manually analysed by the RII method with the help of which a decimal figure for each factor is obtained which is known as its Relative Importance index. This index is used to rank the factors. Total 45 factors were analyzed using RII Method and ranked as shown in Table 1.
TABLE NO 1: RANKING OF FACTORS AFFECTING IN EQUIPMENT SELECTION
RANKING OF FACTORS BY RELATIVE IMPORTANCE INDEX (RII) METHOD NAME
RII
RANK
Maintenance
0.7679
1
Fuel
0.7284
2
Purchase price
0.7210
3
Performance / Productivity
0.7185
4
Freight charges
0.7062
5
Storage
0.6741
6
Installment payment
0.6642
7
Overhead
0.6518
8
Initial unloading and assembly
0.6420
9
Repair
0.6346
10
Compatible with company goals
0.6173
11
Sales taxes
0.5975
12
Labour
0.5926
13
Company name (logo)
0.5778
14
Demand of market for this equipment, backlog of work
0.5704
15
Prestige of company
0.5531
16
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International Conference on: “Engineering: Issues, opportunities and Challenges for Development” ISBN: 978-81-929339-1-7
Flexibility: versatility of acquisition mode
0.5506
17
Lag time during procurement
0.5457
18
Set up
0.5333
19
Salvage value
0.5309
20
Freedom of use of equipment
0.5284
21
Planning: budgets, upgrading, interchanging
0.5259
22
Interest
0.5259
22
Transportation and assembly capability
0.5235
24
Compatibility of staff for proper operation, repair and maintenance of equipment
0.5235
24
Oil
0.5210
26
Break down
0.5210
26
Improper selection or replacement
0.5210
26
Opportunity to get work because of owning specialized equipment
0.5209
29
Storage: Work cycles, market fluctuations
0.5185
30
Employee morale: new equipment, owned, etc.
0.5185
30
Replacement parts, inventory, storage
0.5185
30
Obsolescence: risk of improved model being developed
0.5160
33
Transportation
0.5012
34
Supplies
0.4988
35
Supervision
0.4988
35
Timing: timing of loan, lease payments
0.4988
35
Modification
0.4864
38
Mobility: remote sites, scheduling, coordination
0.4642
39
Other investments: compare risks and rates of return
0.4642
39
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International Conference on: “Engineering: Issues, opportunities and Challenges for Development” ISBN: 978-81-929339-1-7
Competitiveness: strategy (situation of other contractors)
0.4593
41
Pre-acquisition analysis: future work, market
0.4543
42
Insurance
0.4370
43
Post-acquisition analysis: generate work, replacement, etc.
0.4000
44
Depreciation
0.3877
45
VI. CONCLUSION
The Construction industry is considered as an important sector in the world as it develops and achieve the goals of the society. A questionnaire based survey was used to judge the attitude of Contractors, Project Engineers, Store Incharge and Site Supervisors towards factors affecting in Selection of Construction Equipment of construction firms in the Gujarat region. 100 questionnaires were distributed as follows: 34 to Contractors, 23 to Project Engineers, 9 to Store Incharge and 34 to Site Supervisor. 81 questionnaires (81%) were returned as 26 from Contractors, 20 from Project Engineers, 7 from Store Incharge and 28 from Site Supervisor as respondents. The respondents were asked to indicate the level of importance of each of the 45 factors of Equipment Selection in the Gujarat region as Extremely important, High important, Moderate important, Less important, Not important. Results indicated that the most important factor affecting in Selection of Construction Equipment are Maintenance, Fuel, Purchase price, Performance/Productivity, Freight charges, Storage, Installment payment, Overhead, Initial unloading and assembly and Repair. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The Authors thankfully acknowledge to Dr. C. L. Patel, Chairman, Charutar Vidya Mandal, Er. V. M. Patel, Hon. Jt. Secretary, Charutar Vidya Mandal, Dr. F.S.Umrigar, Principal, B.V.M. Engineering College, Dr. L. B. Zala, Head and Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Prof. J. J. Bhavsar, Associate Professor, Civil Engineering Department, B.V.M. Engineering College, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India for their motivations and infrastructural support to carry out this research.
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International Conference on: “Engineering: Issues, opportunities and Challenges for Development” ISBN: 978-81-929339-1-7
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