Figure S1. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of ...

100

Caldisphaera lagunensis Caldisphaera dracosis Caldococcus noboribetus 99 Acidococcus sulfurreducens Acidilobus aceticus Acidilobus saccharovorans Thermodiscus maritimus Aeropyrum pernix Stetteria hydrogenophila Ignicoccus hospitalis 100 Ignicoccus pacificus Ignicoccus islandicus

100

99

63

Desulfurococcales

Pyrodictium occultum Pyrolobus fumarii

97

Caldisphaerales

Hyperthermus butylicus Ignisphaera aggregans Thermosphaera aggregans 94 Sulfophobococcus zilligii Desulfurococcus mobilis 58 Desulfurococcus sp. str. SEA Desulfurococcus fermentans 100 Desulfurococcus kamchatkensis Stygiolobus azoricus 94 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius Sulfolobus vallisabyssus 81 Sulfolobus tokodaii 100 Sulfolobus solfataricus 62 Sulfolobus shibatae Sulfolobus metallicus

82

100

100

99

Acidianus convivator Acidianus infernus Acidianus ambivalens Acidianus manzaensis Acidianus manzaensis

Sulfolobales

Metallosphaera sedula Acidianus pozzuoliensis Acidianus brierleyi Acidianus tengchongensis 73 99 92

0.05

Thermofilum pendens Thermocladium modestius Vulcanisaeta souniana Thermoproteus tenax 100 Pyrobaculum calidifontis 94 Pyrobaculum oguniense Pyrobaculum arsenaticum Pyrobaculum organotrophum Pyrobaculum islandicum Pyrococcus abyssi Pyrococcus furiosus Pyrococcus horikoshii

Thermoproteales

EURYARCHAEOTA

obligate chemolithoautotrophic heterotrophic mixotrophic-heterotrophic

Figure S1. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of cultivated thermophilic species of Crenarchaeota based on SSU rRNA sequences.The type of metabolism is indicated for each species based on oirginal species description literature [summarized in Stackebrandt E, Huber H, Schumann P, Stetter KO, Goodfellow M, et al. (2006) The Prokaryotes. New York: Springer]. Species for which no metabolic information was available are in black. The numbers indicate bootstrap support values, based on 100 replicates. Where the value was