Food Processing & Sensory Quality, USDA-ARS ...

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Jul 29, 2014 - Normalized on the Internal Standard (n=9, 18 or 27). Treatments. Ethanol. 2-Methyl-. 3-butenol. 3-Hexenol 1-Hexanol. Iso- eucalyptol.
John C. Beaulieu, Steven W. Lloyd, Jeanne M. Lea, Michael A. Watson, Maureen A. Tully, Rebecca E. Stein-Chisholm, Casey C. Grimm and Karen L. Bett-Garber

Food Processing & Sensory Quality, USDA-ARS, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana

ASHS-2014

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Scheme of Juice Processing and Sampling Clarified Juice & Concentrate 1

Whole fruit untreated or blanched

Purée & 100% Smoothie Whole, frozen, dehydrated, etc.

2

1

Juice Extraction (flesh, skin, portions, grind, press)

3

Native Enzyme Inactivation

Native Enzyme Inactivation

(pectinase, cellulase, lipase etc.)

(pectinase, cellulase, lipase etc.)

Clarification 4

5

(non-native enzymes cellulase, bentonite; PVPP etc.)

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Flash Pasteurization

Ultrafiltration

Concentration

(final clarification)

Evaporation Reconstitution

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Bottling Storage

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6 9

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25°C, 2 Months 25°C, 1 Month Pasteurized 4°C, 3 Months

L*

4°C, 2 Months 4°C, 1 Month Pasteurized Ultrafiltered GN Press (n=6 or 9)

14.0

15.0

16.0

17.0

18.0

19.0 14

25°C, 2 Months 25°C, 1 Month

Pasteurized 4°C, 3 Months

a*

4°C, 2 Months 4°C, 1 Month Pasteurized Ultrafiltered GN Press (n=6 or 9)

2.50

2.75

3.00

3.25

3.50

3.75

4.00

4.25 15

25°C, 2 Months 25°C, 1 Month Pasteurized 4°C, 3 Months

b*

4°C, 2 Months 4°C, 1 Month Pasteurized Ultrafiltered GN Press (n=6 or 9)

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8 16

4 °C

25 °C

18.0 (n=9)

°Brix

17.8 17.6

17.4 17.2 17.0 0

1 Months Storage

2 17

4 °C

25 °C

21.0 °Brix to Acid Ratio

(n=9)

20.0 19.0

18.0 17.0 0

1 Months Storage

2 18

Organic Acids (mg/kg)

4 °C Citric

25 °C Citric

Total 4 °C

Total 25 °C

25,000 (n=9)

23,000

21,000 19,000 17,000 0

1 Months Storage

2 19

Anthocyanidins (mg/ml)

Pasteurization

1 Month

2 Months

(n=9)

0.080 0.070 0.060 0.050 0.040 0.030 0.020 0.010 0.000

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Averaged Relative Percentage Target Ion Response Normalized on the Internal Standard (n=9, 18 or 27) Treatments

Ethanol

2-MethylIso3-Hexenol 1-Hexanol p-Cymene 3-butenol eucalyptol

GN Press

(18)

19.4

12.8

306.1

424.9

1.4

25.9

Pasteurized

(27)

27.1

16.5

376.4

558.6

0.8

107.0

4 °C, 1 Month

(9)

9.4

5.4

81.8

127.2

0.2

6.5

4 °C, 2 Months

(9)

11.1

2.8

66.4

98.1

0.1

8.0

25 °C, 1 Month

(9)

19.7

13.1

64.2

83.0

0.3

2.4

25 °C, 2 Months

(9)

30.8

7.7

45.6

37.9

0.2

3.2

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Averaged Relative Percentage Target Ion Response Normalized on the Internal Standard (n=9, 18 or 27) Treatments

Limonene

γ2Linalool Terpinene Nonanone

α2,4-DiTerpineol butylphenol

GN Press

(18)

31.8

7.5

11.9

3.7

55.8

n.d.

Pasteurized

(27)

406.8

63.8

6.6

4.9

60.3

5.7

4 °C, 1 Month

(9)

0.9

1.3

0.8

1.4

15.0

40.1

4 °C, 2 Months

(9)

2.6

1.8

1.0

1.2

14.6

53.4

25 °C, 1 Month

(9)

0.7

0.9

0.6

1.7

12.8

50.8

25 °C, 2 Months

(9)

1.5

1.1

0.7

1.4

9.4

51.7

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?? Any Juicy Questions  ??