19 Aug 2011 ... rules for thermosetting polymers. 15. SUBJECT TERMS. 16. SECURITY
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High Temperature Composite Resins: Re-Writing the Rules for Thermosetting Polymers
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Andrew Guenthner, Kevin R. Lamison, Josiah T. Reams, Vandana Vij, Gregory R. Yandek, Matthew C. Davis, Michael E. Wright, Lee R. Cambrea, and Joseph M..Mabry 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER
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Air Force Research Laboratory (AFMC) AFRL/RZSM 9 Antares Road Edwards AFB CA 93524-7401
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Air Force Research Laboratory (AFMC) AFRL/RZS 5 Pollux Drive Edwards AFB CA 93524-7048
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Approved for public release; distribution unlimited (PA #11663).
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For presentation at the SAMPE High Desert Conference, Palmdale, CA, 20 Sep 2011 14. ABSTRACT This is a presentation for the the SAMPE High Desert Conference, about high temperature composite resins and re-writing the rules for thermosetting polymers.
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N/A Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239.18
HIGH-TEMPERATURE COMPOSITE RI:SINS: RE-WRITING THE RULES FOR THERMOSETTING POLYMERS 20 September 2011
~ •••
Outline
• Unusual Structure-Property Relationships in High-
T9 Thermosetting Polymers
/ "'
- Cause: expansion of the diBenedetto envelope (i -o
..
"'
f Cyanate Esters Cured 12 h BADCy LECy SiMCy
134 142 152
168 183 186
•
Vitrification slows down conversion, but does not stop it completely
•
Under isothermal conditions, the rate of conversion will fall as conversion increases, but the sensitivity of T 9 to conversion will rise, resulting in a fairly constant rise in T 9
•
The greater the sensitivity, the further T 9 can rise above Tcure
246 21 3
DISTRIBUTION A : Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
I
J ••
"Vitreous Cure" Changes the Rules of Network Formation Traditional Thermal Cure r-1
r
r-
r-
•
Cure results in:
• • •
J
• • •
J
~
[
• • •u .......
1
'-
"Vitreous Cure"
•
•
Net Shrinkage
•
Less permeability
•
Higher modulus
•
Brittleness
Cure results in:
• •
'
•
•
J
r
•
l-lirthar f'-'VI narrna!:lhil.if" I I I V U V I I I' LY
1 ll':;:jl l V I
•
Lower modulus
•
Toughness
J
"Vitreous Cure" is promoted by rigid network segments with well-distributed extensibility, and by curH temperatures that are low in comparison to T (though Tcure < T may not be a criterion) 9 9
•
Net Expansion
Both types of cure can happen sequentially, simultaneously, or in mixed form .
~J_i_
_.
DISTRIBUTION A : Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
Evidence for "Vitreous Cure" in Cyanate Esters 1.24
BADCyonly
BADCyonly
:1:.
1.23
•S
;;-
!
"
:I
":1 40
1
.. ~
":: ...•
1.22
~ ~
=
Gl
'0
3 5·
1.21
.
"
~:eo
C.90
Georjon, 0 . and Galy, J. Polymer 1.28+ .80- --0...,.85 _ ____;.,_0.,.... 90---0.,.....Q5_ _ _1......~tJ2 1998, 39, 343
C.S5
FiJ:ttt'C' 2 Varialiun of the 18 1 Young's modulu-. and 1 1 ultrn~nntl muduJu., ·'"a functiom ofconver::,um 1uncatalyzl·d Ol'lwork- 1 \'anatlon of the Yuuni,., moduJu ... uf cnt.ll~ Zl'd Ol·twurk,.,.
conversion tl!!urt! J
Dcn"t)' '~lu