Initiators and Reactor Additives for Thermoplastics

Initiators and Reactor Additives for Thermoplastics

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Contents

AkzoNobel is proud to be one of the world’s leading industrial companies In fact, we are the largest global paints and coatings company. As a major producer of specialty chemicals we supply industries worldwide with quality ingredients for life’s essentials. We think about the future, but act in the present. We’re passionate about intro ducing new ideas and developing sustainable answers for our customers. We have operations in more than 80 countries, and employ more than 50,000 people, who are committed to excellence and delivering Tomorrow’s Answers Today™. Our Functional Chemicals business makes organic peroxides, metal alkyls, organometallic specialties and polymer additives. We supply essential products used in the production and processing of thermoplastic resins, and thermoset and elastomeric materials.

AkzoNobel: Looking beyond horizons

We have a long history in organic peroxides, starting with dibenzoyl peroxide used for the bleaching of flour in the early 1920s. Since then, we have added many new organic peroxides to our product portfolio, with the growth of plastics in everyday life. Today, we are the world’s leading producer of organic peroxides. Our products initiate more polymerizations than anyone else’s. Why? Because we are constantly working to address our customers’ future needs. What drives us is knowing that what is good for you today is not necessarily good enough for you tomorrow. We are home to the best known brands in the business. Examples include Laurox, Perkadox and Trigonox.

Polymerization Initiators Laurox®, Perkadox® and Trigonox® Main areas of application Safety Packaging Product list Kinetic data Half-life chart

6 7 8 10 12 30 31

Antifouling Agents Noxol® and Everplus

34

Secondary Suspending Agents Ethapol®, Active and DCloud

35

This product guide provides an overview of our main, commercially available initiators for the free radical polymerization of various monomers. We also offer a range of reactor additives. Our portfolio includes antifouling agents and secondary suspending agents mainly used in the production of PVC. Marketed under the wellknown trademarks of Noxol, Everplus, Ethapol, Active and DCloud, these products have been developed to meet the growing needs of our customers. And we are growing with them. At AkzoNobel we look beyond horizons. What do you need? What do you want to achieve? We believe the only way to grow is by developing sustainable, innovative solutions that benefit our customers.

4 Security of supply

8 Safety: Our top priority

5 Tomorrow's Answers Today

36 Sustainable solutions

4

Our manufacturing sites and distribution centers are found all around the globe, including joint ventures in Japan and China. Our global distribution network allows us to deliver our products to you anywhere in the world. That’s how we ensure security of supply and easy access to quality products wherever you are. All our sites are ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certified to ensure the highest product quality and strict compliance with environmental regulations. We continually invest in manufacturing techniques, high quality standards, safety, innovation, active technical support and a reliable supply chain.

A global partner esearch & Development R Regional headquarters Manufacturing sites

5

Tomorrow’s Answers Today Innovation has brought us to where we are today. We are a global leader in organic peroxides and are determined to maintain our status. We act in the present but think about the future. We look ahead and help our customers find answers to questions that they will face tomorrow.

Our thorough understanding and knowledge of free radical chemistry is the basis for the development of innovative and sustainable products, designed with you in mind. As a company of innovation we have a stream of new, high-value products and technologies, including Trigonox 301, our latest generation of organic peroxides for CR-PP. Or Ethapol 155 MWA, which is an excellent water based and cold water dispersable secondary suspending agent. Due to its strong primary effect, this product can reduce the level of required primary PVA, while maintaining the classical secondary properties. Innovation does not stop with our chemicals. We also understand the need to invest in process developments such as our Continuous initiator Dosing (CiD) technology which significantly increases reactor output in manufacturing

S-PVC and EPS. It’s an important process improvement because not only does it help the production process become much safer, it also makes S-PVC and EPS resin less expensive, while helping to produce a better quality end product. The PVC resin obtained is whiter than found with classically produced PVC, so fewer additives such as titanium dioxide, need to be added. Safety and technical support is mainly provided from laboratories in Deventer - The Netherlands, the site of AkzoNobel’s fundamental peroxide R&D, Pasadena (TX) - USA, Los Reyes - Mexico and Tianjin - China. Our researchers are based in dedicated customer-focused business teams. They perform research, product and process development and technical support in order to translate market needs into new products. They understand the needs of our customers and are committed to their success.

6

Polymerization Initiators

7

Main areas of application

Laurox®, Perkadox®, Trigonox®

Organic peroxides are also important materials in pharmaceutical and fine chemical synthesis or as active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). In fact, some of the world’s best selling API’s are synthesized using our products. Much of our success is due to our philosophy of creating close partnerships with our customers. What do you want to achieve? From optimizing applications, improving efficiencies, resolving difficulties or even developing new organic peroxides, we’re happy to meet with you to discuss your requirements.

Listed are the highest concentrations of formulations for each phlegmatizer. Please visit us at www.akzonobel.com/polymer for complete product listings. Formulations with phlegmatizers or concentrations other than those indicated, as well as unique custom blends of various peroxides can be made available with due observance of safety characteristics and the appropriate environmental and transportation regulations. Whatever your particular requirements, we can develop the product to match.

We master science and technology to develop sustainable, innovative solutions that benefit our customers. For example Trigonox 301, the most efficient organic peroxide for CR-PP available in the market. This AkzoNobel invention is patented and offers a number of advantages over commonly used modifiers. It is very cost-effective and releases low amounts of volatile decomposition products. Trigonox 301 also shows excellent organoleptic properties and has been approved for food contact applications by both BfR (0.25% max.) and FDA (0.375% max.).

LAUROX LAUROX S LAUROX W-40 PERKADOX 14S PERKADOX 14S-FL PERKADOX 16 PERKADOX 16S PERKADOX 16-W40 PERKADOX 16-W75 PERKADOX 24-FL PERKADOX 24L PERKADOX 24-W35 PERKADOX 26 PERKADOX 30 PERKADOX ACCN PERKADOX AIBN PERKADOX AMBN PERKADOX AMBN-GR PERKADOX API PERKADOX BC-FF PERKADOX CH-50 PERKADOX IPP-NA30 PERKADOX IPP-NS27 PERKADOX L-DFG PERKADOX L-W40 PERKADOX L-W75 PERKADOX L-W75 SF PERKADOX SE-10 TRIGONOX 17 TRIGONOX 21-C30 TRIGONOX 21-C50 TRIGONOX 21-C70 TRIGONOX 21S TRIGONOX 22-B50 TRIGONOX 22-C80 TRIGONOX 22-E50 TRIGONOX 23 TRIGONOX 23-C30 TRIGONOX 23-C75 TRIGONOX 23-W50 TRIGONOX 25-C25 TRIGONOX 25-C40 TRIGONOX 25-C75 TRIGONOX 27 TRIGONOX 29 TRIGONOX 29-B90 TRIGONOX 29-C75 TRIGONOX 36-C37.5 TRIGONOX 36-C50 TRIGONOX 36-C75 TRIGONOX 36-W50 TRIGONOX 41-C50 TRIGONOX 42-C30 TRIGONOX 42-C60 TRIGONOX 42S TRIGONOX 99-C75 TRIGONOX 99-W50 TRIGONOX 101

Diacyl peroxide Diacyl peroxide Diacyl peroxide Dialkyl peroxide Dialkyl peroxide Peroxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate C-C initiator Azo initiator Azo initiator Azo initiator Azo initiator Diacyl peroxide Dialkyl peroxide Diacyl peroxide Peroxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate Diacyl peroxide Diacyl peroxide Diacyl peroxide Diacyl peroxide Diacyl peroxide Peroxyketal Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyketal Peroxyketal Peroxyketal Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyketal Peroxyketal Peroxyketal Diacyl peroxide Diacyl peroxide Diacyl peroxide Diacyl peroxide Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyester Dialkyl peroxide

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16 16 16 24 24 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 16 28 20 18 18 18 18 24 18 14 14 18 18 18 18 18 24 20 20 20 20 22 22 22 14 14 14 14 16 16 16 20 20 20 20 16 16 16 16 20 22 22 22 12 12 24

TRIGONOX 101-20PP TRIGONOX 101-50D-PD TRIGONOX 101-7.5PP-PD TRIGONOX 101-E50 TRIGONOX 117 TRIGONOX 121 TRIGONOX 121-C75 TRIGONOX 122-C80 TRIGONOX 123-C75 TRIGONOX 125-C75 TRIGONOX 127 TRIGONOX 131 TRIGONOX 133-CK60 TRIGONOX 141 TRIGONOX 145-E85 TRIGONOX 181 TRIGONOX 187-C30 TRIGONOX 187-W40 TRIGONOX 197-C75 TRIGONOX 257-C75 TRIGONOX 301 TRIGONOX 301-20PP TRIGONOX 311 TRIGONOX 421 TRIGONOX 423-C70 TRIGONOX 423-W50 TRIGONOX 425-C75 TRIGONOX A-80 TRIGONOX A-W70 TRIGONOX ADC TRIGONOX ADC-NS60 TRIGONOX B TRIGONOX B-C30 TRIGONOX B-C50 TRIGONOX B-C75 TRIGONOX BPIC-C75 TRIGONOX C TRIGONOX C-C75 TRIGONOX D-C50 TRIGONOX D-E50 TRIGONOX EHP-C75 TRIGONOX EHP-W40S TRIGONOX EHP-W50 TRIGONOX EHP-W60 TRIGONOX EHPS TRIGONOX EHPS-C75 TRIGONOX F-C50 TRIGONOX K-90 TRIGONOX M-55 TRIGONOX NBP-C50 TRIGONOX SBP TRIGONOX SBP-C60 TRIGONOX SBPS TRIGONOX SBPS-C60 TRIGONOX T TRIGONOX TAHP-W85 TRIGONOX TMBH-L

Dialkyl peroxide Dialkyl peroxide Dialkyl peroxide Dialkyl peroxide Peroxymonocarbonate Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyketal Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxymonocarbonate Peroxyester Peroxyester Dialkyl peroxide Peroxydicarbonate Diacyl peroxide Diacyl peroxide Peroxyester Peroxyester Cyclic peroxide Cyclic peroxide Cyclic peroxide Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyester Hydroperoxide Hydroperoxide Peroxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate Dialkyl peroxide Dialkyl peroxide Dialkyl peroxide Dialkyl peroxide Peroxymonocarbonate Peroxyester Peroxyester Peroxyketal Peroxyketal Peroxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate Peroxyester Hydroperoxide Hydroperoxide Peroxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate Peroxydicarbonate Dialkyl peroxide Hydroperoxide Hydroperoxide

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PAGE

Styrenics

PVC

CR-PP

LDPE

Type of initiator

Acrylics

PAGE

Styrenics

Type of initiator

PVC

We are able to supply a wide range of initiators to meet all requirements with respect to area of application, polymerization temperature, rate of radical formation and storage facilities.

CR-PP

Our products find use in a huge range of industrial and consumer goods. These include window frames, piping systems, food containers, automotive parts, cosmetic bottles, children’s toys, carry bags or as insulation in electrical cables. Look around you and chances are you’ll see AkzoNobel’s influence.

LDPE

AkzoNobel’s range of organic peroxides for the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), low density polyethylene (LDPE), acrylics, styrenics, controlled-rheology polypropylene (CR-PP), and other thermoplastics is the world’s largest. We cover classes such as peroxy(di)carbonates, diacyl peroxides, peroxyketals, peroxyesters, dialkyl peroxides and hydro peroxides. In addition we supply azo (N-N) and carbon-carbon (C-C) initiators. You name it, we produce it.

Acrylics

To assist in the selection of appropriate products for your specific process, all our initiators are listed below in alphabetical order.

24 24 24 24 22 18 18 20 12 16 24 22 22 18 26 12 12 12 12 16 26 26 28 18 12 12 16 28 28 12 12 26 26 26 26 22 24 24 22 22 14 14 14 14 14 14 24 28 26 14 14 14 14 14 26 28 26

8

9

Safety: Our top priority AkzoNobel is recognized as the global leader in organic peroxide safety. Our proven success in safely handling organic peroxides is due to our long-term commitment to developing and maintaining high safety standards. We at AkzoNobel always place safety as our top priority.

Sharing our experience in safety is one of the most important resources we offer. Through our safety programs we provide expert advice on the handling of our products including: • classroom review of safety and handling of organic peroxides • consultation on storage and dosing facility design • demonstrations on the safe use, handling and control of organic peroxides Our Safety Research Laboratory in Deventer, The Netherlands is heavily involved in R&D, ensuring the development of safe products and processes. Studies are carried out, in order to provide a high level of safety in manufacturing, handling and transport of dangerous goods. In general organic peroxides are thermally unstable compounds, decomposing at relatively low temperatures. However, knowledge of proper handling techniques, carefully designed facilities and thorough training of personnel can overcome the hazards. Personnel who understand and pay proper attention will be able to handle organic peroxides confidently and safely.

Temperature

Survey of thermal stability

Storage temperatures The Ts max. given in the product list on pages 12-29 is the recommended maximum storage temperature at which the product is stable and quality loss will be minimal. A minimum storage temperature (Ts min.) is given if phase separation, crystallization or solidification of the product is known to occur below the temperature indicated. We recommend that you store the product above the Ts min. indicated for quality and in some cases safety reasons. SADT: Self-Accelerating Decomposition Temperature The SADT is the lowest temperature at which self-accelerating decomposition may occur with a substance in the packaging as used in transport. Transportation temperatures are derived from the SADT according to the recommendations by the United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. Tem: Emergency temperature The Tem is derived from the SADT and is the temperature at which emergency procedures must be implemented. Tc: Control temperature The Tc is also derived from the SADT and is the maximum temperature at which the product can be safely transported. A Tc is not required if the SADT exceeds 50°C.

Thermal Explosion

Induction Time Runaway SADT Emergency Temperature Maximum Storage Temperature

Time

Unstable Quality Loss Stable

Both the Tem and Tc are related to safety and do no apply to product quality. To maintain product quality the recommended storage temperatures (Ts) have to be observed.

UN Numbers All products accepted for transport are assigned to generic entry numbers according to classification principles as described in the recommendations by the United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. An explanation of all relevant UN numbers is given in Table 1. Table 1. Classification of organic peroxides UN NO.

CLASSIFICATION

3101

type B; liquid

3111

type B; liquid, temperature controlled

3103

type C; liquid

3104

type C; solid

3113

type C; liquid, temperature controlled

3114

type C; solid, temperature controlled

3105

type D; liquid

3106

type D; solid

3115

type D; liquid, temperature controlled

3116

type D; solid, temperature controlled

3107

type E; liquid

3117

type E; liquid, temperature controlled

3109

type F; liquid

3110

type F; solid

3119

type F; liquid, temperature controlled

3120

type F; solid, temperature controlled

None

Non-dangerous good

AKZONOBEL HAZARD RATING

MAXIMUM CONTAINER SIZE

Very high

25 kg (55 lb)

High

50 kg (110 lb)

Medium

50 kg (110 lb)

Low

400 kg (880 lb)

Very low

IBC’s / Tanks

No

Unrestricted

High

50 kg (110 lb)

Medium

50 kg (110 lb)

Self-reactive substances 3234

type C; solid, temperature controlled

3226

type D; solid

3236

type D; solid, temperature controlled

10

11

Packaging

We offer a variety of packaging options for both liquid and solid organic peroxides. The maximum package size for each organic peroxide is regulated by the United Nations, based on the hazard classification of the peroxide as shown in Table 1 on page 9.

Liquid organic peroxides Liquid peroxides from AkzoNobel are available in packages shown in Table 2. Package sizes expressed in gallons are only available in North America. We also understand the need to innovate our packaging. For instance our Nourytainer®. Developed by AkzoNobel it is recognized as the world’s benchmark in liquid organic peroxide packaging. AkzoNobel also was the first organic peroxide producer to introduce intermediate bulk containers (IBC’s). And we’re continually looking for new ways to optimize safe transport, handling and storage of organic peroxides. Most recently we’ve led the way with our new unique composite IBC’s for dilute type F organic peroxides. Due to their weight and dimensions, these IBC’s offer benefits in safety and handling during transport and storage while giving all the advantages of our stainless steel containers. The specially designed lid, used as an emergency vent, is an AkzoNobel invention and has been patented. In addition, they are readily available and have a lower environmental impact. We provide recollection and recycling, showing our commitment to developing new products and packages which are more sustainable, without compromising on performance.

The AkzoNobel development of a cooled trailer with IBC’s connected to a manifold eliminates the in-house handling and transport of IBC’s. Organic peroxide formulations can be directly pumped into storage tanks by a leak-free, dry-break connection. All unloading facilities are present on the trailer. Our continuous investment in refrigerated trucks, bulk tankers and dedicated reefers (refrigerated containers) specifically designed to safely transport our products is another demonstration of our commitment to security of supply.

Table 2. Standard packages for liquid peroxides Package

Volume

Net Weight

Comments

Package

Net Weight

Comments

Bottle

1 gallon

7-8 lb

packaged as 4 polyethylene bottles per non-returnable carton

Carton

varies with product

HDPE can

20-30 liter (5.3-8 gallon)

15-25 kg (6.8-11.3 lb)

single component, polyethylene container (Nourytainer®)

polyethylene bags inside non-returnable cardboard box

Crate

Drum

15 gallon

100 lb

returnable polyethylene drum

55 gallon

300-410 lb

polyethylene or steel drum

varies with inner package

polyethylene bags inside returnable plastic crate

200 liter

150 kg

steel drum

Drum

20-25 kg (45-55 lb)

fiber drum

IBC

Solid initiators Standard packages for our solid initiators are shown in Table 3. Most solid initiators are packaged in polyethylene bags inside non-returnable corrugated boxes. The number of bags per box varies, depending on the weight of initiator per bag. For the availability of our products in IBC’s, bulk or non-standard packages, please consult your AkzoNobel account manager.

Table 3. Standard packages for solid initiators

Tank truck

220 liter

165-190 kg

returnable polyethylene drum

330 gallon

2000 lb

reusable stainless steel container

1000 liter

800-1000 kg

recollectable composite container (for emulsions and suspensions)

1000 liter

800-1000 kg

recollectable, conductive composite container

1250 liter

850-1000 kg

reusable stainless steel container

varies with product

for transport of bulk shipments of dilute type F organic peroxides

7000 gallon 20 m3

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13

Our Polymerization Initiators * Not listed on TSCA ** Not listed on EINCECS/ELINCS Product name

Chemical name [CAS number]

General data Molecular weight

Diisobutyryl peroxide [3437-84-1]

Storage data

Assay (%) Active oxygen (%)

174.2

Physical form

Ts max. (°C)

Kinetic data T (°C) for t1/2

Ts min. (°C)

9.18

0.1 h

1.0 h

57

39

Safety data 10 h

A (1/s)

23 3.37E+14

Ea (kJ/mole)

SADT (°C)

Standard package type Tc (°C)

Tem (°C)

UN No.

See also page 11

109.06

TRIGONOX 187-C30

30

2.76

solution in odorless mineral spirits

-20

0

-10

-20

3115 HDPE can

TRIGONOX 187-W40

40

3.68

emulsion in water and methanol

-25

-30

0

-10

-20

3119 HDPE can

-25

-30

-5

-15

-25

3119 IBC

10

0

-10

3115 HDPE can

5

-5

-15

3119 IBC

10

0

-10

3115 HDPE can

15

5

-5

3115 HDPE can

15

5

-5

3119 HDPE can / IBC

10

0

-10

3115 HDPE can

20

10

0

3115 HDPE can

O CH 3 CH

C

O O

O

C

CH

CH 3

CH 3

CH 3

Cumyl peroxyneodecanoate [26748-47-0]

306.4

5.22

75

56

38 3.12E+14

114.59

75

3.92


-20

50

2.61


-20

-25

50

2.72

solution in toluene

-10

-20

70

3.73


-15

50

2.66


-15

75

4.54


-20

75

4.64


-15

-25

TRIGONOX ADC

98

7.06

liquid

-20

-30

0

-10

-20

3111 HDPE bottle

TRIGONOX ADC-NS60

60

4.32

solution in diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate)

-20

-30

0

-10

-20

3115 HDPE bottle

TRIGONOX 99-C75 TRIGONOX 99-W50 R

R1

O

C

C

CH 3 O

O

C

R2

CH 3

R + R1 + R2 = C8H19

Di(3-methoxybutyl) peroxydicarbonate [52238-68-3] *

294.3

TRIGONOX 181 O CH 3

CH

(CH2 )2

O

C

O

O

C

O

(CH2 )2

CH O

CH 3

CH 3

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl peroxyneodecanoate [51240-95-0]

R

O

C

C

CH 3 O

57

43 9.09E+18

143.29

CH 3

300.5

TRIGONOX 423-C70 R1

72

O

O

TRIGONOX 423-W50

5.44

O

R2

C

CH 3 CH 2

C

CH 3

5.32

76

57

40 3.98E+14

115.79

-20

CH 3

CH 3

R + R1 + R2 = C8H19

Cumyl peroxyneoheptanoate [130097-36-8] **

264.4

TRIGONOX 197-C75

R

R1

O

C

C

6.05

79

59

42 1.77E+14

114.27

CH 3 O

O

C

R2

CH 3

R + R1 + R2 = C5H13

tert-Amyl peroxyneodecanoate [68299-16-1]

258.4

TRIGONOX 123-C75

R

R1

O

C

C

6.19

81

61

43 1.47E+14

114.38

CH 3 O

O

R2

C

C2 H 5

CH 3

R + R1 + R2 = C8H19

Mixture of peroxydicarbonates [78350-78-4; 19910-65-7; 105-64-6]

O R

O

R, R1 : isopropyl or sec-butyl

C

O O

O

C

O

R1

80

62

45 7.69E+15

125.61

14

15

Our Polymerization Initiators * According to UN Tem and Tc of -10°C and -20°C respectively. However, competent authority approval obtained for transport at -15°C. Product name



Di-sec-butyl peroxydicarbonate [19910-65-7]

Storage data


234.2

Physical form

Ts max. (°C)


Ts min. (°C)

6.83

0.1 h

1.0 h

82

63

Safety data 10 h

A (1/s)

47 3.19E+15

Ea (kJ/mole)

SADT (°C)


Tem (°C)

UN No.

See also page 11

123.85

98

6.69

liquid

-20

0

-10

-20

3113 HDPE bottle

60

4.10


-20

0

-10

-20

3113 HDPE bottle

98

6.69

liquid

-20

0

-10

-20

3113 HDPE bottle

60

4.10


-20

0

-10

-20

3113 HDPE bottle

PERKADOX IPP-NA30

30

2.33

solution in acetyl tributyl citrate

-15

-15

5

-5 *

-15 *

3115 HDPE can

PERKADOX IPP-NS27

27

2.10

solution in diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate)

-15

-15

5

-5

-15

3115 HDPE can

96

3.85

powder

20

40

35

30

3114 carton

95.5

3.83

powder

20

40

35

30

3114 carton

75

3.01

wet powder or cake

20

40

35

30

3114 carton

40

1.61

suspension in water

20

0

40

35

30

3119 HDPE can / IBC

TRIGONOX EHP-C75

75

3.46


-15

-25

5

-5

-15

3115 HDPE can

TRIGONOX EHP-W60

60

2.77


-15

-25

5

-5

-15

3119 HDPE can

-20

-25

0

-10

-20

3119 IBC

-15

-25

5

-5

-15

3119 HDPE can

-20

-25

0

-10

-20

3119 IBC

TRIGONOX SBP TRIGONOX SBP-C60

O

TRIGONOX SBPS

C2H 5 CH

TRIGONOX SBPS-C60

O

C

O O

O

C

O

CH 3

CH

C2H 5

CH 3

Diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate [105-64-6] O CH 3 CH

O

C

206.2

O O

O

C

O

CH

CH 3

PERKADOX 16-W40

CH 3

O

CH 3 C

398.5

O

C

CH 3

O O

O

C

C

O

CH 3

CH 3

CH 3

Di(2-ethylhexyl) peroxydicarbonate [16111-62-9]

TRIGONOX EHP-W50

O CH 3 (C H 2) 3

CH

64

47 3.35E+15

124.01

CH 3

Di(4-tert-butylcyclohexyl) peroxydicarbonate [15520-11-3]

PERKADOX 16-W75

82

CH 3

PERKADOX 16S PERKADOX 16

7.76

CH 2

O

C

346.5

O O

O

C

O

CH 2

C2H 5

4.01

CH

(C H 2) 3

CH 3

4.62

50

C2H 5

82

2.31

83


64

64

48 7.44E+15

47 1.83E+15

126.39

122.45

TRIGONOX EHP-W40S

40

1.85

frozen flakes

-15

5

-5

-15

3120 HDPE can

TRIGONOX EHPS

98

4.53

liquid

-20

0

-10

-20

3113 HDPE can

TRIGONOX EHPS-C75

75

3.46


-15

5

-5

-15

3115 HDPE can

tert-Butyl peroxyneodecanoate [26748-41-4]

244.4

TRIGONOX 23 TRIGONOX 23-C75

R1

TRIGONOX 23-C30 TRIGONOX 23-W50

R

C

O C

CH 3 O

O

CH 3

C

R2

CH 3

6.55

Dibutyl peroxydicarbonate [16215-49-9]

84

64

46 1.52E+14

115.47

95

6.22

liquid

-10

-30

15

5

-5

3115 HDPE can

75

4.91


-10

-20

20

10

0

3115 HDPE can

30

1.96


-10

20

10

0

3119 IBC

-10

0

-5

-10

50

R + R1 + R2 = C8H19

-25

234.2

3.27


-10

-25

20

10

0

-10

-25

15

5

-5

5

-5

-15

6.83

83

49 7.00E+15

3119 HDPE can 3119 IBC

126.65

50

3.42

PERKADOX 24-FL

94.5

2.65

flakes

20

40

35

30

3116 carton

PERKADOX 24L

91

2.55

powder

20

40

35

30

3116 carton

35

0.98

suspension in water

15

40

35

30

3119 HDPE can

TRIGONOX NBP-C50 O C4H 9

O

C

O

O

O CH 3 (C H 2) 15 O

C

-15

3115 HDPE can

O C

O

C4H 9

Dicetyl peroxydicarbonate [26322-14-5]

PERKADOX 24-W35


65

3119 Bulk

570.9

O O

O

C

O

(C H 2) 15 CH 3

2.80

84

0

65

48 3.02E+15

124.30

16

17

Our Polymerization Initiators * Not listed on TSCA Product name



Dimyristyl peroxydicarbonate [53220-22-7]

O CH 3 (C H 2) 13 O

C

O

O

C

O

CH 3 O

CH 3 O

O

C

CH 3

Ts min. (°C)

3.11 96

2.98

75

5.21

75

5.93

75

6.37

75

230.3

flakes

0.1 h

1.0 h

84

65

10 h

A (1/s)

48 2.82E+15

Ea (kJ/mole)

SADT (°C)


Tem (°C)

UN No.

See also page 11

124.10

15

35

25

20

3116 carton

CH 3

O

C

C

86

66

48 2.47E+14

20

10

0

3115 HDPE can

20

10

0

3115 HDPE can

25

15

10

3113 HDPE can

3113 HDPE can

117.50


-15

-25


-10


-10

-30

6.89


-5

-15

20

10

0

40

3.67


-5

-20

25

15

10

3119 IBC

25

2.30


-5

-20

25

15

10

3119 IBC

-5

-20

15

10

5

3119 Bulk

3115 HDPE can

CH 3

CH 3

tert-Butyl peroxyneoheptanoate [26748-38-9] R1

6.95

CH 3 CH 2 C

202.3

TRIGONOX 257-C75

R

Ts max. (°C)

Safety data

(C H 2) 13 CH 3

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl peroxypivalate [22288-41-1] *

C

Physical form


O

TRIGONOX 425-C75

CH 3 C


514.8

PERKADOX 26

Storage data

7.91

87

67

49 2.09E+14

117.56

CH 3 O

O

CH 3

C

R2

CH 3

R + R1 + R2 = C5H13

tert-Amyl peroxypivalate [29240-17-3]

188.3

TRIGONOX 125-C75 CH 3 O CH 3 C

C

O

O

C

55 4.12E+15

127.76

C2 H 5

tert-Butyl peroxypivalate [927-07-1]

174.2

CH 3 O CH 3 C

72

CH 3

TRIGONOX 25-C75 TRIGONOX 25-C25

91

CH 3

CH 3

TRIGONOX 25-C40

8.50

CH 3

C

O

O

C

CH 3

CH 3

9.18

94

CH 3

Di(3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyl) peroxide [3851-87-4]

314.5

5.09

96

75

77

57 7.09E+14

59 2.84E+15

123.59

128.34

TRIGONOX 36-C75

75

3.82


0

-10

20

10

0

TRIGONOX 36-C50

50

2.54


0

-10

25

15

10

3119 IBC

37.5

1.91


0

-15

35

25

20

3119 HDPE can

0

-10

25

15

10

3119 IBC

0

-10

10

5

0

3119 Bulk

0

-22

25

15

10

3119 HDPE can / IBC

TRIGONOX 36-C37.5

CH 3 CH 3 C

CH 3 CH 2

CH

O

O CH 2

C

O

O

C

CH 3

CH 3 CH 2 CH

CH 2 C

CH 3

CH 3

CH 3

TRIGONOX 36-W50

50 Dilauroyl peroxide [105-74-8]

398.6

2.54


4.01

99

79

61 3.92E+14

123.37

LAUROX

99

3.97

flakes

30

50

45

40

3106 carton

LAUROX S

99

3.97

powder

30

50

45

40

3106 carton

40

1.61

suspension in water

20

50

45

40

3109 HDPE can / IBC

LAUROX W-40

O

O CH 3 (C H 2) 10 C

O

O

C

(C H 2) 10 CH 3

0

18

19

Our Polymerization Initiators Product name



Didecanoyl peroxide [762-12-9]


342.5

C

O

O

C

(C H 2) 8

2,2’-Azodi(isobutyronitrile) [78-67-1]

4.60

flakes

10

98

solid

25

98

solid

98

0.1 h

1.0 h

100

80

10 h

A (1/s)

63 3.64E+15

Ea (kJ/mole)

SADT (°C)

Tem (°C)

Tc (°C)

UN No.

See also page 11

130.48 40

35

30

3114 carton

50

45

40

3234 carton / fiber drum

25

45

40

35

3236 carton

granules

25

45

40

35

3236 carton / fiber drum

liquid

15

-20

35

25

20

3113 HDPE can

liquid

5

-20

30

20

15

3115 HDPE can

5

-20

35

25

20

3115 HDPE can

35

25

20

3115 HDPE can

164.2

CH 3 CH 3 C

101

82

64 2.89E+15

130.23

CH 3 N

N

C

CN

CH 3

CN

2,2’-Azodi(2-methylbutyronitrile) [13472-08-7]

192.3

PERKADOX AMBN CH 3 CH 3

Ts min. (°C)

Standard package type

CH 3

PERKADOX AIBN

PERKADOX AMBN-GR

Ts max. (°C)

Safety data

O

O CH 3 (C H 2) 8

Physical form


4.67 98.5

PERKADOX SE-10

Storage data

CH 2 C

CH 3 N

N

C

CN

CH 2

104

84

66 1.38E+15

128.93

CH 3

CN

2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(2-ethylhexanoylperoxy)hexane [13052-09-0]

430.6

TRIGONOX 141

7.43

105

86

68 2.19E+15

130.88

92

6.84

90

5.29

TRIGONOX 121

95

6.60

liquid

TRIGONOX 121-C75

75

5.21


10

PERKADOX L-W75

75

4.95

wet powder

40

80

3104 carton

PERKADOX L-W75 SF

75

4.95

wet powder, surfactant free

40

80

3104 carton

40

2.64

suspension in water

30

60

3109 HDPE can

50

3.30

powder with dicyclohexyl phthalate

25

55

3106 carton

PERKADOX API

75

4.95

micronized powder

40

80

3104 carton

PERKADOX L-DFG

75

4.95

micronized powder

40

80

3104 carton

O CH 3 (C H 2) 3

CH

C

CH 3 O

O

C2H 5

C

O

CH 3 CH 2

CH 2

CH 3

C

O

O

C

CH 3

CH

(C H 2) 3

CH 3

C2H 5

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate [22288-43-3]

272.4

TRIGONOX 421 O CH 3 (C H 2)3

CH

CH 3

C

O

O

C

C2H 5

CH 2

C

CH

O

O

C2H 5

PERKADOX CH-50

230.3

C

6.95

O O

111

91

73 1.77E+15

132.11

C2H5

242.2

O C

123.80

CH 3

Dibenzoyl peroxide [94-36-0]

PERKADOX L-W40

69 1.62E+14

CH 3

CH 3

C

88

CH 3

tert-Amyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate [686-31-7]

CH 3 (CH 2) 3

109

CH 3

CH 3

O

5.87

O

C

6.61

113

0

91

71 6.94E+13

122.35

20

21

Our Polymerization Initiators * UN 3117 in the US Product name



tert-Butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate [3006-82-4] TRIGONOX 21-C70 TRIGONOX 21-C50 TRIGONOX 21-C30

O CH 3 (C H 2) 3

CH

CH 3

C

O

O

C

C2H 5

CH 3

CH 3

tert-Butyl peroxydiethylacetate [2550-33-6]

C2H 5

CH

C

O

O

C

C

O

O

C

SADT (°C)

Tem (°C)

Tc (°C)

UN No.

See also page 11

124.90

7.17

liquid

10

-30

35

25

20

70

5.18


10

-30

35

25

20

3113 HDPE can

50

3.70


10

-30

40

35

30

3119 * HDPE can / IBC

30

2.22


10

-10

40

35

30

3119 IBC

10

-10

25

20

15

3119 Bulk

liquid

15

-30

35

25

20

3113 HDPE can


10

30

20

15

3115 HDPE can

powder

35

8.50 96

8.16

50

4.99

113

9.99

118

244.3

123 98

CN N

93

75 2.45E+15

3113 HDPE can

134.00

98

79 2.07E+15

135.16

85 1.10E+16

142.19 80

3226 fiber drum

60

3101 HDPE can

60

3103 HDPE can

60

3103 HDPE can

55

3103 HDPE can

N

CH 3

302.5

CH 3 O

103

NC

1,1-Di(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane [6731-36-8]

TRIGONOX 29-C75

72 1.54E+14

Ea (kJ/mole)

CH 3

1,1’-Azodi(hexahydrobenzonitrile) [2094-98-6]

O

91

A (1/s)

CH 3

PERKADOX ACCN

C

113

10 h

CH 3

CH 3

CH 3

1.0 h

97

160.2

O

TRIGONOX 29-B90

0.1 h

CH 3

tert-Butyl peroxyisobutyrate [109-13-7]

TRIGONOX 29

Ts min. (°C)


CH 3

TRIGONOX 41-C50

CH

Ts max. (°C)

Safety data

CH 3

C2H 5

CH 3

Physical form


7.40

188.3

TRIGONOX 27 O


216.3

TRIGONOX 21S

Storage data

O

O

CH 3

C

CH 3

CH 3

10.58

128

95

10.05

liquid

25

90

9.52

solution in dibutyl phthalate

25

75

7.93


25

80

8.88


30

105

85 7.59E+13

127.52

-10

CH 3 CH 3

CH 3

1,1-Di(tert-amylperoxy)cyclohexane [15667-10-4] TRIGONOX 122-C80 CH 3 C2 H 5

C CH 3

CH 3 O

O

O

O

C CH 3

C2 H 5

288.4

11.09

126

106

87 3.29E+15

139.46

22

23




1,1-Di(tert-butylperoxy)cyclohexane [3006-86-8] TRIGONOX 22-B50 TRIGONOX 22-E50 TRIGONOX 22-C80

CH 3 CH 3

C

O

O

O

O

C

CH 3

CH 3

Physical form

Ts max. (°C)


Ts min. (°C)

12.29

0.1 h

1.0 h

134

113

Safety data 10 h

A (1/s)

94 3.47E+15

Ea (kJ/mole)

SADT (°C)

Tem (°C)


UN No.

See also page 11

142.40

50

6.14

solution in dibutyl phthalate

25

70

3105 HDPE can

50

6.14

solution in mineral oil

25

70

3105 HDPE can

80

9.83


25

60

3103 HDPE can

94

5.77

liquid

20

55

3105 HDPE can

60

6.57


30

60

3105 HDPE can

97

6.74

liquid

25

-20

55

3105 HDPE can

60

4.17


25

-20

55

3109 IBC

30

2.08


25

-20

55

25

-20

45

CH 3

tert-Amylperoxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonate [70833-40-8]

260.4

TRIGONOX 131 O CH 3 (C H 2) 3


260.4

CH 3

Storage data

CH

CH 2 O

134

113

95 2.22E+16

148.41

CH 3

C

O

O

C

C2H 5

C2 H5

CH 3

tert-Amyl peroxyacetate [690-83-5]

146.2

TRIGONOX 133-CK60 O CH 3

6.14

10.94

134

114

96 6.59E+16

152.16

CH 3

C

O

O

C

C2H5

CH 3

tert-Butyl peroxy-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate [13122-18-4]

230.3

TRIGONOX 42S TRIGONOX 42-C60 TRIGONOX 42-C30

CH 3 CH 3 C

CH 3

O CH 2

CH 3

CH

CH 2

C

O

C

O

CH 3

CH 3

2,2-Di(tert-butylperoxy)butane [2167-23-9] CH 3 CH 3 C

CH 3 O

O

CH 3

234.3

C

CH 3 O

O

C

C2H 5

C

O

C

O

CH 3

3119 Bulk

154.08

6.83


30

70

3103 HDPE can

50

6.83


30

80

3103 HDPE can

75

6.81


25

70

3103 HDPE can

95

6.17

liquid

20

60

3105 HDPE can

9.08

137

117

98 2.49E+16

150.15

-20

CH 3

O

C2H 5

35

CH 3

tert-Butylperoxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonate [34443-12-4]

CH

98 9.30E+16

3109 IBC 40

50

176.2

246.3

TRIGONOX 117

CH 3 (C H 2) 3

116

140.78

CH 3

O O

136

94 1.94E+15

CH 3

tert-Butylperoxy isopropyl carbonate [2372-21-6]

CH

13.66

114

CH 3

TRIGONOX BPIC-C75

CH 3

135

CH 3

TRIGONOX D-C50 TRIGONOX D-E50

6.95

CH 2 O

C

CH 3 O

O

C CH 3

CH 3

6.49

137

117

98 4.07E+16

151.72

24

25

Our Polymerization Initiators * UN listing for Trigonox 101 will change to 3103 Product name



tert-Amyl peroxybenzoate [4511-39-1]


208.3

TRIGONOX 127 O

Storage data Physical form

Ts max. (°C)


Ts min. (°C)

7.68 94

7.22

liquid

20

50

6.05


10

95

9.09

liquid

30

98

8.07

liquid

25

75

6.18


25

99

5.86

crystals

30

96

9.08

solid

96

9.08

92

0.1 h

1.0 h

139

118

Safety data 10 h

A (1/s)

99 8.38E+15

Ea (kJ/mole)

SADT (°C)

Tem (°C)


UN No.

See also page 11

147.02 60

3103 HDPE can

70

3103 HDPE can

60

3103 HDPE can

10

60

3103 HDPE can

0

60

3105 HDPE can

75

3110 carton

30

80

3106 HDPE drum

flakes

20

80

3106 carton

10.14

liquid

40

50

5.51

on silica, powder

30

80

3108 carton

20

2.20

on polypropylene, beads

30

70

3108 carton

7.5

0.83

on polypropylene, powder

30

70

none carton

50

5.51


40

80

3109 HDPE drum / IBC

CH 3

C

O

O

C

C2H5

CH 3

tert-Butyl peroxyacetate [107-71-1]

132.2

TRIGONOX F-C50 O CH 3

12.11

139

119

100 1.57E+16

149.36

-15

CH 3

C

O

O

C

CH 3

CH 3

Butyl 4,4-di(tert-butylperoxy)valerate [995-33-5] TRIGONOX 17

CH 3 CH 3 C

CH 3 O

O

C

CH 3 O

O

C

(CH 2)2

CH 3

C

334.5

9.57

143

121

102 1.91E+15

143.51

CH 3

CH 3

O

C4H 9

O

tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate [614-45-9]

194.2

TRIGONOX C TRIGONOX C-C75

O

CH 3

C

O

O

C

8.24

142

122

103 2.23E+16

151.59

CH3

CH 3

Dicumyl peroxide [80-43-3]

270.4

PERKADOX BC-FF CH 3 C

O

PERKADOX 14S-FL

CH 3 C

CH 3 O

O

CH 3

C

C

338.5 CH 3

O

O

CH 3

C

TRIGONOX 101-7.5PP-PD TRIGONOX 101-E50

CH 3

CH 3 CH 3 C CH 3

9.45

156

134

114 7.65E+15

152.69

CH 3

CH 3

2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane [78-63-7]

TRIGONOX 101-20PP

152.67

CH 3

290.4

TRIGONOX 101 TRIGONOX 101-50D-PD

112 9.24E+15

CH 3

CH 3 CH 3

132

C

Di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene(s) [25155-25-3] PERKADOX 14S

154

CH 3 O

CH 3

5.92

O

O

C CH 3

CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 C CH 3

CH 3 O

O

C CH 3

CH 3

11.02

156 10

134

115 1.68E+16

155.49 80

3105 * HDPE can / HDPE drum

26

27




tert-Butyl cumyl peroxide [3457-61-2] CH 3 C

O

O

C

CH 3 O

C

CH 3 C

C

O

O

CH 3

C

O

O

C

CH 3

CH 3

3,6,9-Triethyl-3,6,9-trimethyl-1,4,7-triperoxonane [24748-23-0] TRIGONOX 301

O C O O

C O

O

30

10

99

10.83

liquid

40

75

8.21


50

5.47


30

3.28


40

41

7.45

solution in isoparaffins

40

8

1.45

on polypropylene, beads

40

55

4.53

solution in diisopropylbenzene

30

-25

90

9.85

liquid

25

-5

115 1.17E+15

Ea (kJ/mole)

SADT (°C)

Tem (°C)

Tc (°C)

UN No.

See also page 11

146.98 80

3107 HDPE can

80

3103 HDPE can

-30

80

3107 HDPE can / steel drum

40

-30

75

3109 IBC

40

-30

80

3109 IBC

65

3109 Bulk

11.17

164

141

120 1.90E+15

150.67

10.94

164

18.16

170

141

146

121 4.20E+15

125 1.02E+15

153.46

150.23

10

110

3105 HDPE can

90

3110 HDPE can

70

3109 HDPE can

60

3105 HDPE can

CH 3 CH 2 CH 3

Isopropylcumyl hydroperoxide [26762-93-6] TRIGONOX M-55

194.3

CH 3 C CH 3


136

A (1/s)

O

CH 3 CH 2 C CH 3

9.50

264.3

CH 3 CH 2 CH 3

TRIGONOX 301-20PP

85

159

10 h

CH 3

CH 3

CH 3

TRIGONOX B-C30

40

146.2

CH 3 CH 3 C

liquid

1.0 h

CH 3

Di-tert-butyl peroxide [110-05-4]

TRIGONOX B-C50

7.30

286.4

TRIGONOX B TRIGONOX B-C75

7.68 95

0.1 h

CH 3

C

CH 3

CH 3

Ts min. (°C)


CH 3

2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexyne-3 [1068-27-5]

O

Ts max. (°C)

Safety data

CH 3

TRIGONOX 145-E85 CH 3

Physical form


CH 3

CH 3

CH 3 C


208.3

TRIGONOX T

Storage data

C

O

8.24

183

154

129 2.25E+12

131.44

OH

CH 3

CH 3

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl hydoperoxide [5809-08-5] TRIGONOX TMBH-L CH 3 CH 3 C CH 3

CH 3 CH 2

C CH 3

O

OH

146.2

10.94

180

159

140

1.90+18

181.99

28

29

Our Polymerization Initiators * Contains 12.5% Di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP), total act. O 15.57% Product name



3,3,5,7,7-Pentamethyl-1,2,4-trioxepane [215877-64-8] TRIGONOX 311

CH 3

O

O

CH 2 CH

O

C CH 3


174

CH 3

Storage data Physical form

Ts max. (°C)


Ts min. (°C)

9.18 95

8.72

90

9.46

liquid

40

15

solution in aromatic solvent mixture

40

-30

0.1 h

1.0 h

185

166

Safety data 10 h

A (1/s)

147 3.08E+19

Ea (kJ/mole)

SADT (°C)

Tem (°C)


UN No.

See also page 11

194.92 120

3107 HDPE can

70

3109 HDPE can

65

3109 Bulk

C CH 3

CH 3

Cumyl hydroperoxide [80-15-9]

152.2

TRIGONOX K-90

10.51

195

166

140 1.15E+12

132.56

CH 3 C

O

OH

CH 3

tert-Butyl hydroperoxide [75-91-2]

90.1

TRIGONOX A-80 TRIGONOX A-W70

CH 3 CH 3 C

O

17.75

207

186.01

solution in water and DTBP *

40

0

90

3103 HDPE can

70

12.43

solution in water

35

0

80

3109 HDPE can / HDPE drum

35

0

70

3109 steel IBC

35

0

65

3109 plastic IBC

35

0

55

3109 Bulk

80

3107 HDPE can / HDPE drum

CH 3

tert-Amyl hydroperoxide [3425-61-4]

164 3.18E+17

14.20 *

OH

104.1

15.36 85

TRIGONOX TAHP-W85

185

80

13.06

228 solution in water

30

flakes

30

190

153

CH 3 C2H 5 C

O

OH

CH 3

2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-diphenylbutane [1889-67-4]

238.4

284 95

PERKADOX 30 CH 3 CH 3 C

C

CH 3 CH 3

259

237 7.34E+18

230.19 carton / fiber drum

30

Kinetic data

With the exception of hydroperoxides, the halflife is determined by differential scanning calorimetry-thermal activity monitoring (DSCTAM) of a dilute solution of the initiator in monochlorobenzene. Kinetic data of the decom position of hydroperoxides in monochlorobenzene are determined titrimetrically.

kd = rate constant for the initiator dissociation in s-1 A = Arrhenius frequency factor in s-1 Ea = Activation energy for the initiator dissociation in J/mole R = 8.3142 J/mole.K T = temperature in K t1/2 = half-life in s

The tables in this catalog list the temperatures at which the half-lives are 0.1 hour, 1.0 hour and 10 hours.

[I0] = original initiator concentration [I] = initiator concentration at time t t = time measured from the start of decomposition in s

The half-life can be calculated from the Arrhenius equation

kd = A · e-Ea/RT and t1/2 = ln2/kd The most important characteristic of a The Arrhenius frequency factor (A) and activation energy (Ea) are given in the tables on polymerization initiator is pages 12-29. its rate of decomposition expressed by its half-life (t½). The residual concentration of the initiator can be calculated by means of the equation The half-life is the time required to reduce the original [I] = [I0] · e-kd·t amount of peroxide at a The initiators in the tables on pages 12-29 are arranged in descending order of activity, based given temperature by 50%. on the 1.0 hour half-life temperature.

31

32

Half-life chart 16 15 14 11 13

3 6 1

2

4

5

7

42 38 41 40 45 36 35 37 39 43 44

10 9 8

17 12

18

19

20

21

23 22

26 29 24 25 28 27 30

31

33 32 34

49 48 46 47

51 50

52

53

56 54

55

58

57

59

10

Half-life, hours

1

0.1 20

30

Temperature, ˚C

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300

Product name

Chemical name

1

TRIGONOX 187

Diisobutyryl peroxide

2

TRIGONOX 99

Cumyl peroxyneodecanoate

3

TRIGONOX 181

Di(3-methoxybutyl) peroxydicarbonate

4

TRIGONOX 423

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl peroxyneodecanoate

5

TRIGONOX 197

Cumyl peroxyneoheptanoate

6

TRIGONOX 123

tert-Amyl peroxyneodecanoate

7

TRIGONOX ADC

Mixture of peroxydicarbonates

8

TRIGONOX SBP

Di-sec-butyl peroxydicarbonate

9

PERKADOX IPP

Diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate

10

PERKADOX 16

Di(4-tert-butylcyclohexyl) peroxydicarbonate

11

TRIGONOX EHP

Di(2-ethylhexyl) peroxydicarbonate

12

TRIGONOX NBP

Dibutyl peroxydicarbonate

13

TRIGONOX 23

tert-Butyl peroxyneodecanoate

14

PERKADOX 24

Dicetyl peroxydicarbonate

15

PERKADOX 26

Dimyristyl peroxydicarbonate

16

TRIGONOX 425

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl peroxypivalate

17

TRIGONOX 257

tert-Butyl peroxyneoheptanoate

18

TRIGONOX 125

tert-Amyl peroxypivalate

19

TRIGONOX 25

tert-Butyl peroxypivalate

20

TRIGONOX 36

Di(3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyl) peroxide

21

LAUROX

Dilauroyl peroxide

22

PERKADOX SE-10

Didecanoyl peroxide

23

PERKADOX AIBN

2,2’-Azodi(isobutyronitrile)

24

PERKADOX AMBN 2,2’-Azodi(2-methylbutyronitrile)

25

TRIGONOX 141

2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(2-ethylhexanoylperoxy)hexane

26

TRIGONOX 421

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate

27

TRIGONOX 121

tert-Amyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate

28

PERKADOX L / CH Dibenzoyl peroxide

29

TRIGONOX 21

tert-Butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate

30

TRIGONOX 27

tert-Butyl peroxydiethylacetate

31

TRIGONOX 41

tert-Butyl peroxyisobutyrate

32

PERKADOX ACCN

1,1’-Azodi(hexahydrobenzonitrile)

33

TRIGONOX 29

1,1-Di(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane

34

TRIGONOX 122

1,1-Di(tert-amylperoxy)cyclohexane

35

TRIGONOX 22

1,1-Di(tert-butylperoxy)cyclohexane

36

TRIGONOX 131

tert-Amylperoxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonate

37

TRIGONOX 133

tert-Amyl peroxyacetate

38

TRIGONOX 42

tert-Butyl peroxy-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate

39

TRIGONOX D

2,2-Di(tert-butylperoxy)butane

40

TRIGONOX BPIC

tert-Butylperoxy isopropyl carbonate

41

TRIGONOX 117

tert-Butylperoxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonate

42

TRIGONOX 127

tert-Amyl peroxybenzoate

43

TRIGONOX F

tert-Butyl peroxyacetate

44

TRIGONOX 17

Butyl 4,4-di(tert-butylperoxy)valerate

45

TRIGONOX C

tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate

46

PERKADOX BC

Dicumyl peroxide

47

PERKADOX 14

Di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene(s)

48

TRIGONOX 101

2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane

49

TRIGONOX T

tert-Butyl cumyl peroxide

50

TRIGONOX 145

2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexyne-3

51

TRIGONOX B

Di-tert-butyl peroxide

52

TRIGONOX 301

3,6,9-Triethyl-3,6,9-trimethyl-1,4,7-triperoxonane

53

TRIGONOX M

Isopropylcumyl hydroperoxide

54

TRIGONOX TMBH

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl hydoperoxide

55

TRIGONOX 311

3,3,5,7,7-Pentamethyl-1,2,4-trioxepane

56

TRIGONOX K

Cumyl hydroperoxide

57

TRIGONOX A

tert-Butyl hydroperoxide

58

TRIGONOX TAHP

tert-Amyl hydroperoxide

59

PERKADOX 30

2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-diphenylbutane

An eye for innovation

At AkzoNobel we look beyond horizons. As a company of innovation we continually invest in new, high value products to serve our customers’ future needs. Continuous Initiator Dosing Technology • Significantly increases reactor output for S-PVC and EPS manufacturing • Makes your production process much safer • Helps producing a better quality end product Trigonox® 301 for Improved CR-PP properties • Improves organoleptic properties • Reduces risks related to Health, Safety and Environment • Reduces product costs High Concentration Organic Peroxide Blends • Reduce cost in transportation and storage of organic peroxides • Increase operational safety • Reduce operational costs Tomorrow’s answers, delivered today. www.akzonobel.com/polymer

34

Antifouling Agents

35

Secondary Suspending Agents

Noxol®, Everplus

Ethapol®, Active, DCloud

Ethapol MPG is a secondary PVA, which also has excellent antifoaming properties. Anti foaming agents are essential for optimal performance of a PVC reactor. They prevent foaming in both the reactor and PVC stripping sections.

•

•

•

•

•

emulsion in water

36

•

•

•

emulsion in water

46

•

•

•

ETHAPOL MPG

emulsion in water

70.5

•

•

•

ETHAPOL 155 MWA

solution in water

56.5

•

•

•

NOXOL ETH/S3

solution in water and ethanol

•

NOXOL W2/D6

solution in water

•

•

•

Water based

NOXOL WSW

solution in water

•

•

•

Polyvinyl acetate partially hydrolyzed [25213-24-5]

NOXOL WSW/D2

solution in water

•

•

•

DCLOUD 35

NOXOL WSW/D7

solution in water

•

•

•

DCLOUD 45

NOXOL WSW/D9

solution in water

•

•

•

EVERPLUS

solution in water

•

•

•

AFA-C

solution in water

•

•

STYRENICS

•

POLYBUTADIENE

•

ACRYLICS

•

MASS PVC


Formaldehyde, copolymer with 1-naphthol [25359-91-5]

PHYSICAL FORM

STYRENICS

•

E-PVC

45 56.5

COPOLYMERS (VCM/ VAM)

E-PVC

MAIN APPLICATIONS

NOXOL ETH

PHYSICAL FORM

Our suspending agents can be supplied in drums, intermediate bulk containers (IBC’s), bulk truck containers (BTC’s) and bulk ISO containers (BIC’s).

Our Active range of suspending agents is solvent based.

S-PVC

MAIN APPLICATIONS

Ethapol 1000 is an acrylic copolymer powder and is mainly used in suspension polymerization of styrene.

COPOLYMERS (VCM/ VAM)

Our Noxol brand is recognized as the worldwide market leader in antifouling. It provides better adhesion to the reactor wall, while its functional groups protect against negative interaction with oxygen. Not to forget its color and transparancy, which are the clearest visual distinctions from all antifouling agents available in the market.

Our Ethapol and DCloud water based suspending agents can be used for hot charge PVC technology. In combination with organic peroxide emulsions they provide excellent PVC characteristics and reduced fish eye levels. In addition, water based suspending agents are environmentally friendly because of the absence of an organic solvent.

S-PVC

We recommend that you apply our antifouling agents with high pressure steam. Specific equipment designs are availlable on request. For more information, please contact your AkzoNobel account manager.

We offer a wide range of secondary suspending agents, which are used to control PVC porosity and to improve strippability. This includes solvent based products and aqueous emulsions. We are home to the best known brands in the business, including Ethapol, Active and DCloud. Guarantees of quality and reliability.

DEGREE OF HYDROLYSIS

Our antifouling agents can be supplied in bottles, drums and intermediate bulk containers (IBC’s).

PRODUCT NAME CHEMICAL NAME [CAS NO.]

Antifouling agents offer a solution to unwanted PVC formation or deposits on the reactor wall or internal parts such as stirrer, baffles, reflux condenser or cooling coils. Our products prevent reactor fouling and polymer build-up, which are known to reduce heat transfer and product quality. In addition, they offer the customer savings in operational costs and time by reducing cleaning time between batches.

PRODUCT NAME CHEMICAL NAME [CAS NO.]

AkzoNobel is the world’s number one in antifouling agents. These products, which trade under the names Noxol and Everplus, are key components in the manufacture of suspension PVC. They also find growing use in the production of styrenic and acrylic (co)polymers.

Solvent based Polyvinyl acetate partially hydrolyzed [25213-24-5]

•

•

•

•

•

•

ACTIVE 45

solution in ethanol and ethyl acetate

ACTIVE 55


Solid Copolymer of acrylic acid and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate [ 25134-51-4] ETHAPOL 1000

powder

•

36

Taking responsibility for the future AkzoNobel is ranked as one of the Chemicals industry leaders on the prestigious Dow Jones Sustainability World Indexes (DJSI), showing that we take our obligations seriously – to the planet, to our customers, to our own people. We believe the only way to grow is by developing sustainable, innovative solutions that benefit our customers. And we’re constantly looking for ways to reduce our impact on the environment.

With the growing emphasis on better management of natural resources and a lower ecolo gical footprint in all areas of industry, our focus increasingly is on identifying and managing areas which will provide long-term and sustainable opportunities for the business. We are working on projects with suppliers and customers together to deliver eco-premium solutions. Sustainability isn’t just about producing more sustainable products and packages. In our drive to ease the burden on finite natural resources, we continue to push hard to put in place sustainable water management systems, to reduce our carbon footprint and to investigate renewables to replace fossil fuel and oil-based raw materials.

37

Contact us

We are also developing our people to lead and deliver sustainable, innovative solutions. AkzoNobel may be a huge organization - but we’re still made up of people. And many of them want to do more to make a difference to the world around us. That’s why we started the AkzoNobel Community Program: to encourage employees to get involved in their local areas, and give them what they need to do it. We’re not in business to make a profit at all costs. We’re aware of our obligations in every area of our worldwide activity. We’re commited to Responsible Care®, Product Stewardship and REACH. In fact, we have completed the pre-registration of all relevant chemical substances in our products under REACH.

For product inquiry and ordering information, please contact your AkzoNobel account manager or regional AkzoNobel sales office. Americas AkzoNobel Functional Chemicals 525 West Van Buren Street Chicago, IL 60607 US T +1 800 828 7929 (US only) T +1 312 544 7000 F +1 312 544 7188 E [email protected]

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for France, Italy, Spain and Portugal Akzo Nobel Chemicals, S.A. Autovia de Castelldefels, km 4.65 08820 El Prat de Llobregat Barcelona Spain T +34 93 4784411 F +34 93 4780734 E [email protected]

for Russia ZAO Ankorit Meridian Commercial Tower Ulitsa Smolnaya 24 D 125445 Moscow Russia T +7 495 9602895 F +7 495 9602884 E [email protected]

Additional information Product Data Sheets (PDS) and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for our polymerization initiators are available at www.akzonobel.com/polymer For information on our antifouling and secondary suspending agents please contact us. On request we also provide specific publications on the use and the safe handling and storage of our products. Ethapol, Laurox, Nourytainer, Noxol, Perkadox and Trigonox are registered trademarks of Akzo Nobel Chemicals B.V. or affiliates in one or more territories.

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