integrated recovery therapy

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and practices in all essential recovery dimensions, according to what is appropriate ... The IR therapist functions liNe the conductor of an orchestra, Neeping a meta- ..... tion, arousal, or fantasy experiences that can be achieved through them.
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INFRARED

MAGENTA

Piaget/Commons, Richards/Aurobindo

Cognitive

Sensorimotor

(Symbolic)

Preoperational Survival (Beige)

Kin Spirits (Purple)

Survival

Whitf ield (1991)

Bowden/Gravitz (1988)

Nakken (1998)

Stages of Addiction

Life Breakdown Stage

Stage 3

Lifestyle Change Stage

Stage 2

Stage 1

Internal Change Stage

ĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚĂůƐƚĂŐĞƐŽĨĂĚĚŝĐƟŽŶĂŶĚƌĞĐŽǀĞƌLJ͘

Graves/SD/Wade

Stage 0

Stages of Stages of Recovery & Recovery for Addiction ACoAs

Power Gods (Red)

Values

MagicAnimistic

Egocentric

Stages of ADDICTION Active Addiction

Du Plessis (2010)

Stages of Addiction & Recovery

Late Stage Addiction

Middle Stage Addiction

Early Stage Addiction

¹

(Conceptional)

Early Stage Stages of Recovery RECOVERY

¸

Preoperational

Emergent awareness

¸

RED

Stage 1

·

(Rule/Role Mind)

Middle Stage Recovery



AMBER

Core Issues

1 st TIER

High Altitude Stage Recovery

³

Truth Force (Blue)

Transformation

2 nd TIER

µ

Concrete Operational Absolutistic

Strive Drive (Orange)

Stage 2

Integration

Genesis

Transpersonal Stage Recovery

´

Multiplistic

Human Bond (Green)

Flex Flow (Yellow)

Stage 3

3 rd TIER

²

(Rational Mind)

Relativistic

Systemic

Global View (Turquoise)

Transcendent

Unity

³

Formal Operational

(Meta-systemic)

Pluralistic Mind

(Paradigmatic)

Low Vision-Logic

(Cross-paradigmatic)

Illumined Mind, Para-Mind High Vision-Logic

Intuitive Mind, Meta-Mind

Overmind

Supermind

²

ORANGE

GREEN

TEAL

TURQUOISE

INDIGO

VIOLET

ULTRAVIOLET

CLEAR LIGHT

± ¸

Ë

Ê

É Ì

Æ

Å Ç È

LEVELS OF CONSCIOUSNESS

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