Integration of Scalable Interactive FEA into the Design Process - Nafems

Integration of Scalable Interactive FEA into the Design Process Lee Margetts, Rupert Ford, Graham Riley University of Manchester

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Outline • • • • • •

Context within the Autosim workshop Interactive FE in the design process Simulation performance and interactivity Current trends in computing Real time finite element (RTFE) demonstrator Integrated applications and systems simulation

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Outline • • • • • •

Context within the Autosim workshop Interactive FE in the design process Simulation performance and interactivity Current trends in computing Real time finite element (RTFE) demonstrator Integrated applications and systems simulation

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Autosim Context • • • • •

Integrated design and product development Advanced simulation technologies Improve technology and knowledge transfer Potential breakthrough technologies Technology gaps and RTD

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Outline • • • • • •

Context within the Autosim workshop Interactive FE in the design process Simulation performance and interactivity Current trends in computing Real time finite element (RTFE) demonstrator Integrated applications and systems simulation

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

CAD Meshable CAD Mesh Generation

Pre-processing

Prepare Input Validate Input Solve

Solve

Validate Solution

Accept? Interpret “Visualize” YES CAD

NO

Post-processing

CAD Meshable CAD Mesh Generation

Pre-processing

Prepare Input Validate Input Solve

Solve

Validate Solution

Accept? Interpret “Visualize” YES CAD

NO

Post-processing

CAD

CAD

Meshable CAD

Meshable CAD

Mesh Generation

Mesh Generation

Prepare Input

Prepare Input

Validate Input

Factorise Matrix

Solve

Add Load Solve

Validate Solution

Continue Evaluation Interpret “Visualize”

Accept?

Accept? Interpret “Visualize”

NO

YES

Validate Solution

YES CAD

Alter Model

Change Load

CAD

NO

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Outline • • • • • •

Context within the Autosim workshop Interactive FE in the design process Simulation performance and interactivity Current trends in computing Real time finite element (RTFE) demonstrator Integrated applications and systems simulation

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Definition of Interactivity REAL-TIME

0.01s

INTERACTIVE

1s

Trevelyan

STEERING

3 mins 1 day

This talk

NAFEMS, Vancouver 2007 SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Chemistry

Largest Interactive Simulation? Time in Seconds

100000 10000 1000 100 10 1 0.1 100

Interactive region 1000

10000

100000

1000000

Number of Finite Elements

Single processor, SGI Origin 3000, in 2005 SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Reducing Solution Times • • • • •

Some techniques involving iterative solvers Use good starting guess from previous solves Choose “tolerance” to output results early Reuse of previous computation Subdivide problem over many processors

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Largest Interactive Simulation? 1 Million Elements

100000 Time in Seconds

1 Day

10000 1000 100 10 1 0.1 100

Interactive region 1000

10000

100000

1000000

Number of Finite Elements

Single processor, SGI Origin 3000, in 2005 SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Largest Interactive Simulation? 1 Million Elements

100000 Time in Seconds

1 Day

10000 1000 100 10 1 0.1 100

Interactive region 1000

10000

100000

1000000

Number of Finite Elements

1024 processors, IBM Power5, in 2007 SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Largest Interactive Simulation? 1 Million Elements

100000 Time in Seconds

1 Day

10000 1000 100 10

1 Second

1 0.1 100

Interactive region 1000

10000

100000

1000000

Number of Finite Elements

1024 processors, IBM Power5, in 2007 SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Performance - Elastic Analysis • UK national supercomputer HPCx • 1M hexahedra, 4M degrees of freedom Processors

1

64

128

256

Time (s)

1800

25

13

6

512 1024 3

2*

• No “solver” optimisations at all • Just honest brute force number crunching * Subtract 1 second for Input/Output -> writing results to disk SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Performance - Thermal Analysis • Times in Seconds Equations 1,000,000 10,000,000 100,000,000

1 Procs

121 2,060 5,715

64 Procs 128 Procs

3 37 388

• No smart solver or optimised maths libraries • Just honest brute force number crunching SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

1 23 236

Outline • • • • • •

Context within the Autosim workshop Interactive FE in the design process Simulation performance and interactivity Current trends in computing Real time finite element (RTFE) demonstrator Integrated applications and systems simulation

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

http://multicore.amd.com/

Serial Computing is Dead

“Intel Ignites Quad-Core Era” SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

IBM Cell 9 Execution Units 210 GigaFlops Peak

Serial Computing is Dead

Cell Broadband Engine 9 Execution Units 210 GigaFlops Peak $500? SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Serial Computing is Dead

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Scalability

8 Processors 8GB Memory - 6,000€ SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

More Processors

16 Processors 20,000€ ? 8 x Dual Core SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Supercomputing >100,000 processors

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Grid Computing

http://www.realitygrid.org SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Interactive Computing Star-P Brings Interactive Discovery to Cray Supercomputer Users Nov 12, 2007 Global supercomputer leader Cray Inc. and Interactive Supercomputing Inc. today announced a partnership ... enable Cray users to transform their Windows or Linux desktop applications into extreme-scale parallel server applications that generate and analyze massive data sets… http://investors.cray.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=98390&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1076013&highlight= SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Mobility “Mobile technologies have the potential to catalyze changes ranging from incremental productivity improvements to radical redefinition of business processes. Some specific coverage areas include laptops and notebook computers, mobile adaptation, mobile application architecture, mobile operating systems, mobile synchronization, PDAs, and wireless voice and data services.” http://www.forrester.com/rb/search/results.jsp?N=50172 SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Outline • • • • • •

Context within the Autosim workshop Interactive FE in the design process Simulation performance and interactivity Current trends in computing Real time finite element (RTFE) demonstrator Integrated applications and systems simulation

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Technology Demonstrator • Java graphics front end (could be CAD/CAE) • Scalable back end compute engine

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Interactivity Choose whether or not to view model as simulation progresses

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Modify conditions without leaving the simulation environment

Microstructural Analysis

1 mm SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Scalability

Same application running on a laptop and workstation SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Mobility

Stereo visualisation, computation 1km away on supercomputer SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Outline • • • • • •

Context within the Autosim workshop Interactive FE in the design process Simulation performance and interactivity Current trends in computing Real time finite element (RTFE) demonstrator Integrated applications and systems simulation

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Scenario 1 – Precomputed Model

Viewer RTFE engine Controller Precomputed Model SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Scenario 2 – Mobility

Viewer RTFE engine Controller

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Scenario 3 – CAD/CAE Integration CAD/CAE

RTFE engine

Vendor front end SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Back end

Summary • Three key words for today – Interactivity – Scalability – Mobility

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Summary • Three key words for today – Interactivity – Scalability – Mobility • A statement to think about in the future

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Summary • Three key words for today – Interactivity – Scalability – Mobility • A statement to think about in the future • I can run this simulation on a laptop in minutes

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Summary • Three key words for today – Interactivity – Scalability – Mobility • A statement to think about in the future • I can run this simulation on a laptop in minutes • Do you mean it can run locally or with the “compute intensive” part running elsewhere? SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Acknowledgements • The work in this presentation was funded by the following organisations: • 2001-2004 EPSRC, NWDA, UK • 2006-2007 UMIP Ltd Commercial Funding – University techology transfer project – Development of a demonstrator system – Demonstrate benefits/potential to industry – Please contact [email protected] for details SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM

Links of Interest • Main webpage – http://www.rcs.manchester.ac.uk/research/avp/

• Related projects – – – –

http://www.rcs.manchester.ac.uk/research/parafem http://www.rcs.manchester.ac.uk/research/spacecraft http://www.rcs.manchester.ac.uk/research/trackways http://www.rcs.manchester.ac.uk/research/ultrascalable

• Others – – – –

http://www.umari.manchester.ac.uk/ http://www.rcs.manchester.ac.uk/ http://www.rcs.manchester.ac.uk/aboutus/publications/ http://www.rcs.manchester.ac.uk/aboutus/people/margetts

SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY [6.2] [SUSTAINABLE SURFACE TRANSPORT] 012497 DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES AND IDENTIFICATION OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SIMULATION - AUTOSIM