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Comparing Manganese Sources for Spring Wheat Grown on Alkaline Soils a
R. F. Brennan & M. D. A. Bolland a
b
Department of Agriculture Western Australia , Albany, Australia
b
Department of Agriculture Western Australia , Bunbury, Australia Published online: 14 Feb 2007.
To cite this article: R. F. Brennan & M. D. A. Bolland (2004) Comparing Manganese Sources for Spring Wheat Grown on Alkaline Soils, Journal of Plant Nutrition, 27:1, 95-109, DOI: 10.1081/PLN-120027549 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/PLN-120027549
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JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 95–109, 2004
Comparing Manganese Sources for Spring Wheat Grown on Alkaline Soils R. F. Brennan1,* and M. D. A. Bolland2 1
Department of Agriculture Western Australia, Albany, Australia 2 Department of Agriculture Western Australia, Bunbury, Australia
ABSTRACT The effectiveness of manganese (Mn) sulfate (28% Mn) and manganese oxide (77.5% Mn) as Mn fertilizers for spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Brookton) was compared in a glasshouse experiment using two alkaline soils from south-western Australia. Yield of 56-day-old shoots and Mn content (Mn concentration multiplied by yield) of the shoots was used to compare effectiveness of the sources. Both sources were applied as fine powders at equivalent amounts of Mn and were mixed throughout both soils. For both soils, relative to the Mn sulfate (MnSO4), the Mn oxide (MnO) was about 40% as effective for producing shoot dry matter
*Correspondence: R. F. Brennan, Department of Agriculture Western Australia, 444 Albany Highway, Albany, WA 6330, Australia; E-mail: rbrennan@agric. wa.gov.au. 95 DOI: 10.1081/PLN-120027549 Copyright & 2004 by Marcel Dekker, Inc.
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and about half as effective at increasing the Mn content of shoot dry matter. Critical concentration (mg/kg) for producing 90% of maximum yield was about 11 for youngest emerged blades and 17 for whole shoots. Key Words: Manganese Effectiveness.
sulfate;
Manganese
oxide;
Wheat;
INTRODUCTION Manganese (Mn) deficiency is common in crops grown in soils inherently low in Mn, soils from which the Mn has been removed by weathering and leaching, and in fine textured neutral to alkaline soils with free carbonates.[1–5] Research to date has shown Mn deficiency is common in cereal crops grown in fine textured neutral to alkaline soils of south-western Australia (WA).[6–9] These soils occupy about 3.5 million ha of WA, and fertilizer Mn is usually applied as Mn sulfate (MnSO4) in WA,[7,8] and the requirement of Mn fertilizer for profitable wheat production on Mn deficient soils in WA is known.[7,8] However, the effectiveness of a Mn oxide (MnO) fertilizer, being considered as an alternative to MnSO4 in wheat-growing WA soils, is not known. It appears that the effectiveness of various Mn sources for wheat production can vary greatly.[10] In the glasshouse study reported here, the effectiveness of the MnO was compared with the effectiveness of MnSO4 as measured using shoot yield and Mn content (Mn concentration multiplied by yield) for two alkaline soils collected in WA.
MATERIALS AND METHODS Soils The
